JP4904263B2 - 脳灌流監視装置 - Google Patents
脳灌流監視装置 Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0295—Measuring blood flow using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
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Description
a)インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを使用して、頭部内の時間変化する血液量の測定値を取得することと、
b)頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の測定値を取得することと、
c)脳血流量を推定するために、頭部内の時間変化する血液量及び頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の測定値を使用すること
からなる方法が提供される。
a)2つの電流電極を使用して頭部に電流を通すことと、
b)2つの電圧測定電極を使用して、電流と関連した頭部にかかる電圧を測定すること
を含む。
a)心周期における時間の関数として頭部を横切るインピーダンスを測定することと、
b)心周期における血圧が上昇している時期のインピーダンスの変化率から脳血流量を推定すること
を含む方法も提供される。
a)インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィに適した少なくとも一つの電極と、
b)頭皮内の血流量測定に適したプレチスモグラフィ・センサと
を備えたユニットが提供される。
a)それが皮膚上に配置されたときに頭部を通り抜ける電流を注入するのに適した電流電極と、
b)それが皮膚上に配置され、かつ、電流電極が電流を注入しているときに、頭部を横切る電圧を測定するのに適した電圧測定電極と
を備えている。
a)ここに記載されるような少なくとも一つのユニットと、
b)頭部上に配置してインピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを行うのに適した少なくとも一つの電極を備えたインピーダンス測定ユニットと、
c)ユニットが頭部の異なる側面上に配置されたときに、一つのユニットの少なくとも一つの電極のうちの一つと、インピーダンス測定ユニットの少なくとも一つの電極のうちの一つとの間で、頭部に電流を通すのに適した電源と、
d)一つのユニットの少なくとも一つの電極のうちの一つとインピーダンス測定ユニットの少なくとも一つの電極のうちの一つとの間で測定された電圧差と、フォトプレチスモグラフィ・センサによって生成されたフォトプレチスモグラフィ・データと、から取得されたインピーダンス・データを使用して脳血流量を計算するデータアナライザと
からなるシステムも提供される。
Claims (24)
- 脳血流量を推定する方法であって、
a)インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを使用して、頭部内の時間変化する血液量の測定値を取得することと、
b)頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の測定値を取得することと、
c)脳血流量を推定するために、前記頭部内の時間変化する血液量及び前記頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値を使用すること、からなり、
前記時間変化する血液量の前記測定値を使用することは、前記頭部内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値と、重み付けされた前記頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値との間の差分を求めることを含む、方法。 - 前記頭皮内の時間変化する血流量の前記測定値を取得することは、フォトプレチスモグラフィを使用することを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記脳血流量を推定することは、経時的に変化する相対的な脳血流量を推定することを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記頭皮内の前記時間変化する血液量の前記測定値は、心周期における血圧が降下している時期に、前記頭部内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値と少なくとも近似的には同じ値をもつように重み付けされている、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値は、前記頭部内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値と前記頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値との間のクロスパワスペクトルが比較的に高くなる周波数において、前記頭部内の時間変化する血液量の前記測定値と近似的に等しいパワスペクトルをもつように重み付けされている、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを使用して前記頭部内の血液量の測定値を取得することは、
a)2つの電流電極を使用して前記頭部に電流を通すことと、
b)2つの電圧測定電極を使用して、前記電流に関連した、前記頭部にかかる電圧を測定することと、
を含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記電流電極の少なくとも一つを囲む環状電極を前記頭部に適用することと、
前記環状電極をそれが囲む前記電流電極と同じ電圧に維持し、それによって前記電流電極からの放射状電流を抑制すること
を更に含む、ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記電圧測定電極は、前記電流電極とは異なり、かつ実質的に前記電流電極から電気的に切り離されている、ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを使用して前記頭部内の血液量の測定値を取得することは、左右側頭部のそれぞれの上に前記2つの電流電極を配置することを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを使用して前記頭部内の血液量の測定値を取得することは、前記2つの電圧測定電極のそれぞれを、前記頭部上の、前記電流電極の異なる1つに隣接する位置に配置することを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- フォトプレチスモグラフィを使用して前記頭皮内の血液量の測定値を取得することは、フォトプレチスモグラフィ・センサを、前記頭部上の、前記電流電極の一つ及び前記電流電極に隣接した前記電圧測定電極に隣接して配置することを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記頭皮内の時間変動する血液量の測定値を取得することは、表面インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを使用することを含む、請求項1から請求項11までのいずれかに記載の方法。
- a)電源と、
b)2つの電極ユニットであって、前記2つの電極ユニットのそれぞれが頭部の異なる側面に付けられている場合、前記頭部に前記電源からの電流を流すように構成された電流電極と、前記電流電極が前記頭部に電流を流している場合、前記頭部を横切る電圧を測定するように構成されている、前記電流電極と同じか又は異なる、電圧測定電極とをそれぞれ備える、前記2つの電極ユニットと、
c)頭皮内の血流を測定するように構成されたプレチスモグラフィ・センサ、及び、
d)前記電圧測定電極によって測定された前記頭部を横切る前記電圧から取得されたインピーダンスデータに基づく頭部内の時間変化する血液量の測定値と、前記プレチスモグラフィ・センサによって作成された頭皮血流量のデータに基づく、重みづけされた頭皮内の時間変化する血液量の測定値との間の差分を求めて、脳血流量を算出するデータ分析装置と、
を備える、脳血流量を推定するためのシステム。 - 頭皮内の血流量を測定するように構成された前記プレチスモグラフィ・センサは、フォトプレチスモグラフィ・センサを含む、ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 前記フォトプレチスモグラフィ・センサからのデータ及び前記インピーダンスデータの一方又は両方を処理するように構成された信号処理部を更に備える、請求項14に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも一つの前記電極ユニットに対して、前記電圧測定電極は前記電流電極とは異なる、請求項14に記載のシステム。
- 前記電流電極及び電圧測定電極は、前記電流電極が前記頭部に電流を流しているときに、表皮での電圧降下をほとんど排除して、前記電圧測定電極が真皮における電位と実質的に等しい電位を測定するように構成されている、ことを特徴とする請求項16に記載のユニット。
- 様々な成熟度の患者における使用に適し、前記電流電極は前記電圧測定電極を囲む環状部を含み、前記環状部の半径方向の厚さ、及び、前記電流電極と前記電圧測定電極との間の隙間は、それぞれ前記様々な成熟度の患者における表皮の典型的な厚さの少なくとも2倍である、ことを特徴とする請求項17に記載のシステム。
- 前記環状部の前記半径方向の厚さと、前記電流電極と前記電圧測定電極との間の前記隙間は、それぞれ少なくとも1mmである、ことを特徴とする請求項18に記載のシステム。
- 前記環状部の前記半径方向の厚さと、前記電流電極と前記電圧測定電極との間の前記隙間は、それぞれ少なくとも2mmである、ことを特徴とする請求項19に記載のシステム。
- 前記電流電極を囲む環状電極を更に含み、それによって前記環状電極が前記電流電極と同じ電圧に保持されているときに前記電流電極からの放射状電流を抑制する、請求項16から請求項20までのいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 頭皮内の血流量を測定するように構成された前記プレチスモグラフィ・センサは、表面インピーダンス・プレチスモグラフィを含む、請求項13から請求項21までのいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 頭皮内の血流量を測定するように構成された前記プレチスモグラフィ・センサは、前記2つの電極ユニットのうちの一つと結合される、請求項13から請求項22までのいずれかに記載のシステム。
- 前記2つの電極ユニットのうちの他方は、頭皮内の血流量を測定するように構成された第2のプレチスモグラフィ・センサを含む、請求項23に記載のシステム。
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JP (2) | JP4904263B2 (ja) |
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DE (1) | DE602006010378D1 (ja) |
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JP2008506445A (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
DE602006010378D1 (de) | 2009-12-24 |
CN101242781B (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
PT1895902E (pt) | 2010-01-28 |
WO2006011128A8 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
US20080275352A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
US8512253B2 (en) | 2013-08-20 |
DK1895902T3 (da) | 2010-03-15 |
US20090227881A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
US20140163404A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
ATE447886T1 (de) | 2009-11-15 |
JP2008546438A (ja) | 2008-12-25 |
CN101242781A (zh) | 2008-08-13 |
JP5225080B2 (ja) | 2013-07-03 |
US8187197B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
WO2006011128A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
ES2336137T3 (es) | 2010-04-08 |
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