JP4899011B2 - Three-dimensional frame truss structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional frame truss structure that can be used for, for example, a girder for a bridge as well as a roof in a building.

  The structure of a conventional three-dimensional truss is configured in the same way as an upper flat truss in which lattice members such as triangles, quadrilaterals, and rhombuses are formed by crossing two directional members arranged in parallel with each other at different angles. A structure having a structure in which the lower flat truss is combined by a lattice arranged in the vertical plane direction between the upper and lower flat trusses is widely known.

  These three-dimensional truss structures are the center of the triangular rhombus lattice surrounded by the lower chord material of the lower plane truss with respect to the grid point of the triangular rhombus lattice surrounded by the upper chord material constituting the upper flat truss. Are overlapped in the vertical direction, that is, the upper trusses and lower trusses are placed in a shifted position so that they do not overlap each other. It is structured to be connected with the lattice truss points by lattice.

JP 54-118614 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-20725

  As described above, the three-dimensional truss structures disclosed in the above-mentioned documents are arranged so that the upper trusses and lower trusses do not overlap with each other. The lattice connecting the plane truss and the lower plane truss is arranged without overlapping the lattice forming the upper plane truss itself or the lattice forming the lower plane truss. It can be said that it is a three-dimensional frame structure with a plate structure (isotropic) suitable for a roof structure or the like.

  In such a three-dimensional truss structure, when a concentrated load is loaded on one of the rating points constituting the truss, the load is applied to the X It has structural characteristics as an isotropic truss distributed in two directions, the direction and the Y direction.

  Therefore, this structural characteristic shares the load in two directions, the X direction and the Y direction, like the roof structure that can support the periphery of the space truss structure with the contact points provided on the four sides of the outer periphery. It can be said that it is suitable when supporting a fulcrum.

  However, in this three-dimensional truss structure, for example, due to the condition that the fulcrum cannot be supported around the three-dimensional truss structure by the contacts provided on the four sides of the outer periphery, the two-dimensional truss structure is inevitably opposed. When used in structures such as roofs and bridge girders that require fulcrum support at the sides, the load burden acting in the direction of fulcrum support at these two sides becomes large, so that such problems can be dealt with. This requires a means such as adding a new structure, and thus has a problem that it must be an uneconomic structure.

  In order to solve the problems of the conventional three-dimensional truss structure as described above, for example, the present invention cannot support the periphery of the three-dimensional truss with the contact points of the four sides of the outer periphery, and two opposing sides. The object is to provide a suitable three-dimensional truss structure that can be applied to structures such as roof beams and beam girders that need to be supported by fulcrum.

The three-dimensional frame truss structure of the present invention is configured by combining an upper flat truss, a lower flat truss below the upper flat truss, and a diagonal member disposed therebetween, as a specific means for that purpose. The lower plane truss is constructed by combining a plurality of triangular horizontal structures each consisting of one base and two oblique sides so that the vertices of the triangles are connected in the axial direction of the frame and the transverse direction of the frame. The base of the triangular horizontal frame is arranged in a direction that coincides with the axial direction of the frame, and the base of the triangular horizontal frame forms a plurality of upper chord members in the upper plane truss, A plurality of lower chord members are formed, and the upper horizontal truss forms an upper horizontal structure, and the lower horizontal truss forms a lower horizontal frame by the hypotenuse of the triangular horizontal frame A plurality of upper chord members and lower chord members are respectively formed by connecting the bases of triangular lateral frames adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the framework, and each upper chord member and each lower chord member are respectively an upper plane truss or a lower plane truss. Arranged in parallel in the transverse direction of the framework, and the upper and lower frames are formed by connecting the hypotenuses of adjacent triangular frames, respectively, the upper plane truss and the lower plane truss, Is arranged so that it is shifted in the axial direction of the framework by the length of 1/2 of the base of the triangular horizontal structure, and the upper chord material and the lower chord material are overlapped in the vertical direction, respectively. The upper chord material is connected by the diagonal material, the rating point where the bases constituting the upper chord material are connected to each other and the rating point where the bottom sides of the lower chord material overlapping in the downward direction are connected to each other by the diagonal material, under A plurality of vertical truss girders that extend along the axial direction of the frame, and are arranged in parallel at intervals in the transverse direction of the frame. And a case where the bases constituting the upper chord members of the truss girder are connected to each other, and the bases constituting the lower chord members of the truss girders adjacent to the truss girder in the transverse direction of the frame are connected. The points are connected by diagonal materials that are orthogonal to the upper chord material and the lower chord material, and in the framework, the minimum unit of the space partitioned by the base, the hypotenuse, and the diagonal material is a triangular pyramid. It is configured .

It is preferable to provide an end pair tilt structure and an intermediate pair tilt structure that partition the inner space between the upper and lower planar trusses in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the upper chord member and the lower chord member constituting the truss girder. The end pair tilt structure and the intermediate pair tilt structure are composed of diagonal members that connect the truss girder points.

As a connecting means between the connecting end of the upper chord material and the diagonal member connected to the upper chord material, it has a horizontal surface portion for horizontally supporting the horizontal connecting plate and a surface parallel to the length direction of the upper chord material. It is preferable that the vertical surface portion and the vertical surface portion having a surface orthogonal to the length direction of the upper chord member are constituted by a combination of assembly parts formed by pressing a single plate.

  The three-dimensional frame truss structure of the present invention is a three-dimensional frame truss structure in which an upper plane truss and a lower plane truss are combined by a lattice arranged in the vertical plane direction between the upper and lower plane trusses. The material is arranged in a direction that overlaps in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower chords are connected by a lattice to provide a structure with a plurality of parallel truss girders or truss beams along the axial direction of the frame. When the fulcrum is supported by two opposite sides, the load can be applied only to the upper chord material and the lower chord material and the lattice that overlaps the upper chord material and the lower chord material in the vertical direction without dispersing the load to the surroundings. Therefore, it is suitable for structures such as roof structures supported between two opposite sides and bridge girder structures.

  Further, the three-dimensional frame truss structure of the present invention can form a plurality of parallel truss girders along the axial direction so as to be supported between two opposite sides in the frame. In the case of a truss structure, there is no need to add or increase a reinforcing member required to support between two opposite sides, and the load burden can be handled economically in the axial direction where the load burden is large. By adopting a three-dimensional frame structure having a truss girder, an economical three-dimensional truss structure can be obtained by taking advantage of the light weight that is an advantage of the three-dimensional truss structure.

  Conventionally, as a structure supported between two opposite sides, a steel structure generally uses a girder structure having an I-shaped cross section, but the three-dimensional frame truss structure of the present invention has two opposite sides. By constructing a plurality of truss girders that are supported between them, a three-dimensional truss structure that can withstand the load of the structure while maintaining the lightness and economy that are the advantages of the three-dimensional truss structure Therefore, instead of the conventional I-shaped cross-section girder structure, aluminum or FRP is used as a constituent material, and it can be applied to the design of structures in new fields such as building and bridge beams and girders. It is desirable to do.

  The embodiment of the three-dimensional frame truss structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The three-dimensional truss structure 1 of the present invention is configured by combining a plurality of triangular horizontal structures 2 shown in FIG. An upper plane truss 3, a lower plane truss 4 formed by combining a plurality of triangular horizontal frames 2 in the same manner as shown in FIG. 3c, and the upper and lower planes as shown in FIG. 3b. It is basically composed of diagonal members 5 which are arranged between the trusses 3 and 4 in the vertical plane direction and integrally connect the upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the shape of a frame in which upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4 are integrally connected by diagonal members 5. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the arrangement relationship between upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4 as viewed from above. 3 shows a planar shape in a state where the upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4 and the diagonal member 5 for connecting the two flat trusses 3 and 4 together are disassembled.

  In FIGS. 1 to 3, the upper plane truss 3 and the lower plane truss 4 and the diagonal member 5 for integrally connecting the upper and lower plane trusses 3 and 4 are shown by a solid line so that it can be easily understood. The lower plane truss 4 is indicated by a dotted line, and the diagonal member 5 that is disposed in the vertical plane direction between the upper plane truss 3 and the lower plane truss 4 and connects the upper and lower plane trusses 3 and 4 together is shown in FIG. It is indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4 are each composed of an upper chord member 11 and a lower chord member 12 made of lattices arranged in parallel along the direction connecting the bases 2 a in each triangular frame 2. The upper horizontal structure 13 and the lower horizontal structure 14 are arranged in parallel along the direction intersecting each other by connecting the oblique sides 2b of each triangular horizontal structure 2.

  As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the upper horizontal structure 13 and the lower horizontal structure 14, the position of the rating point 9 and the rating point 10 of each triangular horizontal composition 2 is a half of the length of the base 2 a of the triangular horizontal composition 2. On the other hand, the upper chord material 11 and the lower chord material 12 of the upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4 are arranged so as to overlap in the vertical direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3a, the upper plane truss 3 has a score 9 between the upper chord member 11 and the upper horizontal structure 13 indicated by white circles, and the lower plane truss 4 has the lower chord member 12 as shown in FIG. 3c. And the lower horizontal composition 14 are indicated by black circles.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3b, the diagonal member 5 which is arranged in the vertical plane direction between the upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4 and integrally connects the upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4 is , 4 where the upper chord material 11 and the lower chord material 12 overlap with each other when viewed from above and below, and the upper chord material 11 and the lower chord material 12 do not overlap with each other when viewed from above and below, that is, when viewed from above. And the lattice 7 positioned in a direction orthogonal to the upper chord member 11 and the lower chord member 12.

  Each lattice 6, 7 has an upper end indicated by a white circle connected to a rating point 9 between the upper chord member 11 and the upper horizontal structure 13 of the upper plane truss 3, and a lower end indicated by a black circle is the lower plane truss 4. The lower chord member 12 and the lower horizontal member 14 are connected to the rating point 10.

  The upper chord material 11 and the lower chord material 12 are both arranged in the direction of overlapping in the vertical direction, and the middle is connected by the lattice 6 in the direction of overlapping with the upper chord material 11 and the lower chord material 12 in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of parallel truss girders 8 along the X-axis direction of the frame are configured, and strength in the X-axis direction is added. As a result, the entire frame can be structured to withstand the load burden as a beam material or a beam material.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the end of the three-dimensional truss structure 1 in the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the truss girder 8 is between the upper chord member 11 and the lower chord member 12 in each truss girder 8. A vertical member 17 that connects the two in the vertical plane direction, a horizontal member 18 that is connected to the upper end and the lower end of the vertical member 17, and an oblique member 19, an end pair tilting structure 16 is provided. In FIG. 1, only the end-to-end tilting structure 16 is shown, but the end-to-end tilting structure 16 is positioned at an appropriate position in the internal space of the three-dimensional truss structure and is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the truss girder 8 An intermediate counter tilt structure may be provided.

The three-dimensional truss structure 1 is configured by connecting a pipe material having a predetermined length made of aluminum, thereby reducing the weight of the entire structure. Moreover, since the aluminum is processed to prevent surface contamination and corrosion, maintenance is easy.

  In addition, the end of the tube material can be easily processed by press molding, but in the case of press molding, there is a problem that the structure of a part of the metal is pulled and the strength of this part is reduced, but in the case of aluminum Since the tensile strength is fixed and the strength is restored by heat treatment again, there is no inconvenience due to press molding.

  Lattice as an oblique member 5 connecting the upper chord member 11 and the upper horizontal member 13 constituting the upper flat truss 3, the lower chord member 12 and the lower horizontal member 14 constituting the lower flat truss 4, and the upper and lower flat trusses 3 and 4. 6 and 7, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, an end portion of the aluminum tube material is formed so that a small-diameter cylindrical portion 20 is left in the center portion along the length direction of the tube material. It is preferable to have a shape in which end connection sides 15 that are flattened are provided on both sides of 20.

  6 and 7 are diagrams of the connection relationship between each rating point 9 provided on the upper plane truss 3 and the lattice 6 connected to this rating point 9 as seen from the direction of the line AA in FIG. 3a. The rating point 9 extends in the horizontal direction in parallel with the upper plane truss 3, and the horizontal connection plate 22 for supporting and connecting the end connection side 15 of each upper chord member 11 in the coaxial direction, and the horizontal connection plate 22 Of the upper chord member 11 and the presser plate 23 for fixing the end connection side 15 of the upper chord member 11 and the diagonal member 5 disposed obliquely between the upper and lower plane trusses 3 and 4. It consists of a vertical connection plate 24 for connecting the lattice 6 in the direction overlapping in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 7, vertical reinforcing plates 25 are provided at the corners of the horizontal connecting plate 22 and the vertical connecting plate 24.

  The horizontal connecting plate 22 and the presser plate 23 are provided with a concave groove 21 for sandwiching the tubular portion 20 as shown in FIG. 5 at a position where the end connecting side 15 of the upper chord material 11 is arranged. Yes.

  FIG. 8 is a view of the rating point 9 of the upper plane truss 3 as seen from the direction of the line BB in FIG. 3B, and supports and connects the end connection sides 15 of the upper chord members 11 in the same direction as described above. The upper chord member 11 is the horizontal connecting plate 22 for holding, the presser plate 23 disposed on the horizontal connecting plate 22, and the diagonal member 5 disposed obliquely between the upper and lower plane trusses 3, 4. It consists of a vertical reinforcing plate 25 for connecting lattices 7 that do not overlap each other in the vertical direction.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view in which each rating point 9 in the upper plane truss 3 and a part of the periphery thereof are viewed from above, and the end connection side 15 of the upper chord member 11 is mutually connected on the upper surface of the horizontal connection plate 22 In addition to being connected in the coaxial direction, the end connection sides 15 of each upper horizontal structure 13 are connected to the four corners of the horizontal connection plate 22 to form the oblique side 2 b of the triangular horizontal structure 2.

  Further, FIG. 10 shows a more specific structure of the rating point 9 and connects the upper chord material 11 and the lattice 6 in the direction overlapping with the upper chord material in the vertical direction shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The function of the rating point 9 and the function of the rating point 9 for connecting the upper chord material 11 and the lattice 7 in the direction not overlapping the upper chord material in the vertical direction shown in FIG. It shows an example that can be used in combination and that high strength can be obtained.

In the rating score 9 of FIG. 10, like the rating score 9 shown in FIG.
The vertical connection plate 24 and the vertical connection plate 25 are not configured as a single component, and are parallel to the horizontal plane portion 22 a having a surface for horizontally supporting the horizontal connection plate 22 and the length direction of the upper chord material 11. The vertical surface portion 24a having a plane in a proper direction and the vertical surface portion 25a having a surface in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the upper chord material 11 are symmetrical by forging, casting or extruding a single plate. It is configured as an assembly part 26 having a shape.

  In this rating point 9, the vertical surfaces 24a each having a plane parallel to the length direction of the upper chord material 11 are superposed on each other and the four parts 26 are surfaces perpendicular to the length direction of the upper chord material 11. Are combined so that the vertical surface portions 25a overlap each other, and the end connection side 15 of the lattice 6 is sandwiched between the two vertical surface portions 24a. Similarly, the lattice 7 of the lattice 7 is sandwiched between the two vertical surface portions 25a. Each surface is fixed with bolts so that the end connection side 15 is sandwiched.

  When the four assembly parts 26 are superposed together, the horizontal surface portion 22a is also combined as a single plate. Therefore, the horizontal connecting plate 22 is disposed on the horizontal surface portion 22a, and the upper chord material is disposed in the groove 21. 11 end connection side 15 is inserted, and presser plate 23 is put on and fixed integrally with bolts.

  The grading structure as shown in FIG. 10 can increase the reliability sufficient in strength, simplify the shape of the parts and unify the standard in terms of manufacturing, It has the advantage that it can be handled easily and can be assembled efficiently.

  6 to 10 are described with respect to the score 9 on the upper chord material 11 side, but it will be described that the rating structure 10 on the lower chord material 12 side is also similar. Nor.

  In the three-dimensional frame truss structure of the present invention, a structure having a plurality of parallel truss girders or truss beams along the axial direction can be provided in the frame, so that the load is supported on two opposite sides. In such cases, it is possible to concentrate only on the cross-section of the lattice where the upper and lower chords are stacked in the vertical direction without distributing the load to the surroundings. It can be used in new fields such as structures.

The solid perspective view which shows the structure of the solid frame truss structure of this invention. The top view of the solid frame truss structure shown in FIG. The top view which decomposed | disassembled the solid frame truss structure shown in FIG. 1 into the upper surface, the middle, and the lower surface. The side view of the diagonal structure provided in the edge part of a three-dimensional frame truss structure. The perspective view which shows the shape of the edge part connection side in a lattice. The side view which shows the structure of the rating point in the AA of FIG. The perspective view which shows the structure of the connection part in the rating point of FIG. The side view which shows the structure of the score in the BB line of FIG. 3b. The top view which shows the structure of each rating point of FIG. 3a. The perspective view which shows another Example of the structure of a rating point.

Explanation of symbols

1: Three-dimensional truss structure,
2: Triangle horizontal composition,
2a: base,
2b: hypotenuse,
3: Upper plane truss,
4: Lower plane truss,
5: Diagonal,
6: Lattice,
7: Lattice,
8: truss girder,
9: Grade,
10: Grade,
11: Upper chord material
12: Lower chord material
13: Upper horizontal composition,
14: Lower side,
15: edge connection side,
16: End-to-end tilting,
17: vertical member,
18: Horizontal member,
19: Diagonal,
20: cylindrical part,
21: concave groove,
22: Horizontal connection plate,
23: Presser plate,
24: Vertical connecting plate,
25: Vertical reinforcing plate

Claims (3)

A three-dimensional frame truss structure configured by combining an upper flat truss, a lower flat truss below the upper truss, and an oblique member disposed between them.
The upper plane truss and the lower plane truss are combined such that a plurality of triangular lateral structures each having one base and two oblique sides are connected in the axial direction of the frame and the transverse direction of the frame. Is configured,
The bases of the triangular horizontal frames are all arranged in a direction that matches the axial direction of the framework,
A plurality of upper chord members are formed in the upper plane truss, and a plurality of lower chord members are formed in the lower plane truss, based on the base of the triangular frame.
Due to the hypotenuse of the triangular horizontal composition, an upper horizontal composition is formed in the upper flat truss, and a lower horizontal composition is formed in the lower flat truss,
The plurality of upper chord members and lower chord members are respectively formed by connecting the bases of triangular lateral frames adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the framework, and each upper chord member and each lower chord member are respectively in an upper plane truss or a lower plane truss. , Arranged parallel to each other in the transverse direction of the frame,
The upper horizontal composition and the lower horizontal composition are formed by connecting oblique sides of adjacent triangular horizontal compositions, respectively.
The upper plane truss and the lower plane truss are positioned so as to be shifted in the axial direction of the framework by a length of ½ of the base of the triangular lateral frame, and the upper chord member and the lower chord member are Are arranged so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction,
The upper chord material and the lower chord material are connected to each other by connecting the grading point where the bases constituting the upper chord material are connected to each other and the grading point where the bottom sides of the lower chord material overlapping in the downward direction are connected by the diagonal material. A truss girder made of diagonal material, wherein a plurality of vertical truss girders extending along the axial direction of the frame are arranged in parallel in the transverse direction of the frame at intervals. And
A rating point where the bases constituting the upper chord material of the truss girder are connected to each other, and a rating point where the bases constituting the lower chord material of the truss girder adjacent to the truss girder in the transverse direction of the framework are connected to each other. , Connected by diagonal materials orthogonal to the upper chord material and the lower chord material,
A three-dimensional frame truss structure characterized in that the minimum unit of the space partitioned by the base, the hypotenuse, and the diagonal material is a triangular pyramid in the frame.   3. A three-dimensional frame truss structure according to claim 1, further comprising an end-to-end tilt structure and an intermediate-pair tilt structure for partitioning the inner space between the upper and lower plane trusses in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the upper chord member and the lower chord member constituting the truss girder. . The connecting means between the connection end of the upper chord material and the diagonal member connected to the upper chord material is a vertical surface having a horizontal plane for horizontally supporting the horizontal connecting plate and a plane parallel to the length direction of the upper chord material. The three-dimensional frame truss structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface portion and the vertical surface portion having a surface orthogonal to the length direction of the upper chord member are constituted by a combination of assembly parts formed by pressing a single plate. .

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