JP5734592B2 - Flat truss structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a planar truss structure, and more particularly to a planar truss structure using a tubular member.

  General trusses are classified as follows according to the members constituting the truss and the joining method of each member of the truss.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a flat truss is known in which steel pipes 41 and 42 through a lower chord material and a diagonal material (lattice materials 43 and 44) are directly welded at an arbitrary angle on the truss.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a steel pipe through the truss and the lower chord material (only the lower chord material 52 is shown here) is used as the steel pipe, and the joint portions of the lattice materials 53 and 54 are formed on the upper and lower chord materials. Here, only the lower chord material gusset plate 55 is welded), and a flat truss in which the gusset plate and the lattice material are bolted is known.

  The steel pipe truss shown in FIG. 8 is a steel pipe through which the lower chord material (only the lower chord material 62 is shown) is passed, and the joint portion of the lattice materials 63 and 64 is the upper, and the lower chord material is a sheath pipe joint metal (here, the lower chord material) A flat truss in which a hardware and an oblique material (lattice material) are bolt-joined using only the joint hardware 65 is shown (for example, Patent Document 1).

  A flat steel pipe truss shown in FIG. 9 and a steel pipe through which a lower chord material (only the upper chord material 71 is shown) are passed, and the joint portions of the diagonal materials (lattice materials) 73 and 74 are flattened to make an oblique material (lattice material). For this connection, a flat truss that is bolted via a joining auxiliary member 75 is known (for example, Patent Document 2).

  The steel pipe truss shown in FIG. 14 (b) has a steel pipe with a lower chord material (only the upper chord material 81 is shown here) and a slanted material (lattice material) 83, 84 joined flat, and the lattice material is W The mold is continuously bent and the bent portion is flat. A three-dimensional truss adjusted with a liner 85 to match the axis of each member is known (for example, Patent Document 4). A flat processing method has been devised and put into practical use, which enables easy processing such as pressing, cutting and drilling a steel pipe without using complicated processing such as cutting in a three-dimensional truss (reference, Fig. 14 ( a) and Patent Document 3).

  In the three-dimensional truss construction method, many joining members that make up a three-dimensional structure are concentrated at one joint from each direction (the intersection of diagonal members from four directions as well as the chord from four directions at the maximum), which is very complicated. Therefore, joining by welding is practically difficult and uncommon. For this purpose, a node system is generally provided in which a node having a spherical shape is usually provided at a member intersection. Here, both ends of the steel pipe, which is a linear member constituting the node and truss, require a male and female threaded type (the node side is a female threaded portion and the steel pipe end side is a male threaded portion) (reference, FIG. 13).

JP 2004-293266 A JP-A-9-279680 JP-A-3-228935 JP 51-15516 A

  As shown in FIG. 5, there are the following problems when the upper chord and the lower chord material are joined to each other with a diagonal pipe (lattice material) by welding.

  In order to weld the circular steel pipe diagonal members (lattice materials) 43 and 44 to the circular steel pipe string members 41 and 42 at an arbitrary angle, the joint portion of the lattice material needs to be in close contact with the outer shape curve of the string member. Therefore, it is necessary to cut the end faces of the pipes to be joined with high accuracy so as to form a three-dimensional curve.

  In terms of strength, the nodes of the truss need to have the axis of the members to be gathered at one point. However, since the lattice materials interfere with each other for this purpose, welding cannot be performed. Therefore, when the gap is provided as shown in FIG. (B)) occurred, and it was easy to break due to twisting, distortion, etc., and it could not be said that the structure was sufficiently strong.

  Welding of steel pipes is a welding in all directions of the outer circumference of the pipe and requires advanced welding techniques. Also, in light steel structures (plate thickness of 6 mm or less), a particularly high welding technique is required because the plate thickness is thin.

  If the accuracy of the three-dimensional curve cutting of diagonal materials (lattice materials) is poor, it greatly affects the strain generated by welding, making it difficult to manage the accuracy of the product.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the gusset plate 55 is welded to the upper and lower chords of the truss, there are the following problems.

  Position adjustment is difficult because the gusset plate is welded to the steel pipe of the chord material.

  If the gusset plate is welded to the steel pipe of the chord material, it is difficult to adjust the angle due to distortion caused by welding.

  If there is an error in the hole position of the gusset plate and the dimension to the chord material, there is a problem that the hole position of the diagonal material (lattice material) to be joined obliquely does not exist and bolt joining cannot be performed.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when the upper and lower chord members and the diagonal member (lattice member) are joined to each other by bolting the metal member and the diagonal member (lattice member) using the joint metal fitting 65 of the sheath tube, the following problems occur. There is.

  It is difficult to maintain the accuracy with which the joint metal is closely attached to the outer shape of the circular steel pipe of the chord material, and stress is not transmitted when a gap is formed between the chord material and the metal fitting.

  Since the joint hardware is attached to all the joint parts of the string material and the lattice material, it becomes considerably heavy.

  The cost of joining hardware is expensive.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the upper and lower chord members and the lattice part are flattened and the diagonal member (lattice member) is connected by bolting via the joining auxiliary member 75, there are the following problems. .

  The joining auxiliary member is assembled and welded and strain is generated by welding, and the adhesion with the joined portion of the string material cannot be maintained.

  The joints of the string material and the diagonal material (lattice material), all the joints are attached, so it becomes quite heavy.

  The cost of joining hardware is expensive.

  As shown in FIG. 14 (b), the truss and the lower chord material are passed through the steel pipe, the joint with the diagonal material (lattice material) is flattened, and the diagonal material (lattice material) is a W-shaped continuous bent shape. The bent part is flat. When adjusting with the liner plate material 85 to make the axis of each member coincide, there is the following problem.

  The joint between the string material and the diagonal material (lattice material) is that the diagonal material (lattice material) is a W-shaped continuous fold shape, and the bent part is flattened and joined to the lower chord material, but the string material and the lattice material Adjust the thickness of several thick liner plate materials so that the shaft core passes through one point. There is a problem that twisting occurs when the liner plate material is shear-cut, and the members do not adhere to each other and the stress is not sufficiently transmitted.

  The node system shown in FIG. 13 has a problem in that the joint hardware of the chord material and the diagonal material (lattice material) is attached to all the parts, so that it becomes considerably heavy and the cost of the node hardware becomes high.

  The construction method by the flat working method is an eccentric problem, and because the flat part is horizontal, the external load as a structure, especially the deformation amount is about 2 to 3 times larger than the normal construction method with respect to the horizontal load. It contains a problem. Moreover, as a dry type flat truss method, a method of applying the above-described flat joining method for a three-dimensional truss to a flat truss is also conceivable (reference, FIG. 12). However, the same core problem as in the case of a solid truss exists.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a planar truss structure that does not require advanced welding techniques and is hardly eccentric by a simple assembly method.

The present invention (1) has two or more tubular chords arranged in parallel,
In the plane truss structure in which a plurality of tubular diagonal members installed obliquely between the chord members are provided,
The chord material flat portion having a flat surface located on the chord material tube axis, and the chord material joint hole located on the chord material tube axis provided in the chord material flat portion And
The diagonal member has a flat portion having a flat surface located at least on both ends on the tube axis of the diagonal member, and an oblique member positioned on the tube axis of the diagonal member provided on the diagonal member flat portion. Material joint hole,
The flat truss structure is characterized in that the chord member and the diagonal member are high-strength bolt joints or bolt joints by the chord member joint hole and the oblique member joint hole.

  The present invention (2) is characterized in that the plane formed by the planar truss structure and all the chord material flat portions and the diagonal material flat portions have planes parallel to each other. Plane truss structure.

  The meanings of various terms used in this specification will be described. “Dry bonding” means a method of performing dry processing such as cutting, pressing, drilling, etc. without using welded bonding. The “flat portion” means a portion formed by flattening a tube by crushing it.

  Since this invention consists of the above structures, there can exist the following effects.

  In the present invention, there is no problem that the tensile force or the compressive force acting on the chord material and the diagonal material (lattice material) in the welded joint truss or the bolt joint type truss is eccentric from the axial center of the joint part, and the strength is extremely high. This is an excellent structure. That is, the conventional steel pipe truss (FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9, FIG. 14 (b)) has a nodal portion of the chord material and the diagonal material in order to match the axis of the chord material and the diagonal material (lattice material). Are adjusted with auxiliary steel plate members (gusset plates, 52, 62, 75), special steel hardware (85 in FIG. 14B), and the like. However, according to the structure of the present invention, these members are unnecessary, and the tensile force or the compressive force acting on the chord material and the diagonal material coincides with the axis of the chord material and does not cause eccentricity. To do.

  The conventional welding method truss method for light steel structures (thickness of 6 mm or less) depends on the skill of the welding technician, and there is a problem that it is difficult to guarantee the predetermined strength, but friction welding by each truss node If it performs, fine adjustment on an assembly dimension is possible with the clearance of a bolt diameter and a bolt hole, and the dimension ensuring of the whole truss becomes easy.

  The conventional welding work and the accompanying immersion plating work and hardware are unnecessary, and the cost can be reduced.

  By preparing a flat die jig for each tube size of chord material and diagonal material (lattice material), it is possible to standardize various truss types.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a flat truss according to the present invention. The member symbol 11 is an upper chord member of the truss, 12 is a lower chord member of the truss, and 13 and 14 are diagonal members (lattice members). FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of flatness at the nodes of the chord material and the lattice in the present invention. The diagonal material (lattice material) 13 and the diagonal material (lattice material) 14 sandwich the upper and lower chord materials 11 and 12 and fix them by tightening bolts. FIG. 3 relates to a high-strength bolt joint or a flat truss structure (steel pipe joint flat-flat horizontal structure) to be joined to each other by joining the flat steel pipes through a joint hole located at the pipe axis in the present invention. FIG. FIG. 4 shows a joint portion of a flat truss structure (steel pipe joint flat surface horizontal type) to be joined with a high-strength bolt joint or a bolt joint that penetrates the joint holes of the flat steel pipes in the present invention. FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a conventional welding joint type truss. The member symbol 41 indicates the upper chord material of the truss, 42 indicates the lower chord material of the truss, and 43 and 44 indicate diagonal materials (lattice materials). FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an eccentricity state of a welding joint type truss in the prior art. In FIG. 6A, “e” indicates the amount of eccentricity due to axial misalignment. FIG. 6B shows the moment generated by the eccentricity. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which a gusset plate 55 is welded to a string material in the prior art, and the gusset plate and the diagonal material (lattice material) are bolted together. FIG. 8 shows a steel pipe through which a lower chord material is passed through an upper truss and a diagonal member (lattice material) in the prior art, and a metal pipe and a lattice material are bolted together by using a sheath pipe joining hardware 65 for the lower chord material. It is a figure which shows a mode. FIG. 9 shows a steel pipe through which the lower chord material is passed through the truss and the lower chord material in the prior art, and the connecting portion of the diagonal material (lattice material) is flattened, and the connection of the diagonal material (lattice material) is bolted via the auxiliary joining member 75. It is a figure which shows a mode that it is being performed. The joining auxiliary member 75 is bolted to the upper and lower chord members 71. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing details of a welded joint portion of the flat truss in the prior art shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a method in which a steel hemisphere is welded to the end portion of a steel pipe which is an oblique member (lattice material) of a truss in the prior art, a slit is formed, and the slit is welded to a gusset plate attached to a string member by welding. It is. Fig.12 (a) is a figure which shows the structure of the steel pipe junction part flat plane horizontal plane truss in a prior art. FIG. 12B is a diagram showing the details of the joint portion, and “e” represents the amount of eccentricity due to axial misalignment. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a structure of a node-type solid truss in the prior art. FIG. 14A is a diagram showing a structure of a flat processing type three-dimensional truss that can be easily processed such as pressing, cutting and drilling a steel pipe in the prior art. FIG. 14B is a diagram showing a state in which the joining portion of the diagonal member (lattice member) is flattened with a steel pipe passing through the lower chord member on the truss in the prior art. The diagonal material (lattice material) has a W-shaped continuous bent shape, and the bent portion is flattened. This is a three-dimensional truss adjusted with a liner material 85 in order to match the axis of each member.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on actual forms shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first aspect of a planar truss structure according to the present invention. The planar truss structure according to the present invention includes a tubular upper chord member 11 and a tubular lower chord member 12. These upper chord material 11 and lower chord material 12 are arranged in parallel. In addition, a plurality of tubular diagonal members are installed between the upper chord member 11 and the lower chord member 12 at an angle (for example, 13, 14). These diagonal members are erected between the upper chord member and the lower chord member, and are arranged so that a triangle with these diagonal members and the upper chord member or the lower chord member and their contacts as apexes is formed.

  The upper chord and lower chord used in the structure according to the present invention are selected from the following chord materials. The chord material includes a chord material flat portion 17 having a flat surface located on the tube axis of the chord material, and a chord material joining hole located on the chord material tube axis provided in the chord material flat portion. 171. By providing a chord material flat portion having a flat surface including the tube axis in this way and forming a chord material joint hole located on the tube axis, it is joined at least on the tube axis of the chord material when joined. A point can be formed. Moreover, it is preferable that the chord material flat part 17 formed in these chord materials is formed in the middle of the pipe | tube which comprises a chord material. Further, it is preferable that a plurality of the flat portions are provided at equal intervals, and it is preferable that these flat portions are formed on the same plane.

  The diagonal member used in the structure according to the present invention includes an oblique member flat portion 18 having flat surfaces located on the tube axis of the diagonal member at both ends, and the diagonal member provided in the oblique member flat portion. It has diagonal material joining holes 181 located on the tube axis. In this way, by providing an oblique material flat part having a flat surface including the tube axis and forming an oblique material joint hole located on the tube axis, it is joined at least on the tube axis of the chord material when joined. A point can be formed. The plurality of diagonal member flat portions are preferably formed in the same plane.

  In the planar truss structure according to the present invention, the chord member and the diagonal member are high-strength bolt-bonded or bolt-bonded by the chord member-joining hole and the diagonal member-joining hole. By performing high-strength bolt joining or bolt joining in this way, the chord member and the diagonal member are joined by the tube axis at the connection portion in the planar truss structure, so that a flat truss structure that is not eccentric is obtained. be able to. More specifically, it is preferable that the bolts 15 and nuts 16 that penetrate the joint holes are joined. In this manner, the flat holes may be brought into close contact with each other and the bolts and nuts may be friction bonded together. The details of the contact points of the dry joint truss shown in FIG. 2 employ a method in which skin contact portions (contact planes) with the flat portions are in close contact with each other in the vertical direction through the tube.

  The planar truss structure according to the present invention is characterized in that the plane formed by the planar truss structure and all the chord material flat portions and the diagonal material flat portions have planes parallel to each other. The flattened tube material is weak against a force applied in a direction perpendicular to the flat portion plane, but exhibits high durability against a force applied in a direction parallel to the flat portion plane. That is, when the flat surface of each material has a plane parallel to the plane formed by the plane truss structure, when a force is applied from a direction parallel to the plane, extremely high durability is exhibited. .

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second aspect of the planar truss structure according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the planar truss structure basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but a plurality of tubular chord members 21 and 22 arranged in a lattice shape in the vertical and horizontal directions, and a tube between the chord members. A plurality of slant members 23 and 24 are installed obliquely. As shown in FIG. 3, the plane truss structure according to the present invention is arranged so that a triangle is formed by a chord material and a diagonal material. In the flat truss structure, the chord material is formed on the chord material flat portion 25 having a plane located on the chord material tube axis, and on the chord material tube axis provided on the chord material flat portion. It has the chord material joint hole 251 located. In addition, the diagonal member is positioned on the diagonal axis of the diagonal member provided on the diagonal member flat portion 26 having a flat surface located on the diagonal axis of the diagonal member at least at both ends. And a diagonal material joining hole 261. Further, the diagonal member includes an oblique member flat portion 27 having a flat surface located on the tube axis in the middle, and an oblique member joint positioned on the tube axis of the diagonal member provided in the oblique member flat portion. It is preferable to have a hole 271.

  For example, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 3, these string members and diagonal members penetrate through the joint holes and are joined with high-strength bolts or bolts. Thus, the strength in the plane direction is increased by forming the steel pipe joint portion in a flat and horizontal structure. For example, at the point where the diagonal material and the diagonal material intersect, they are joined by a flat portion joining hole formed in the middle of the diagonal material. Further, at the point where the chord material and the chord material intersect, a bolt joint portion 28 is formed to join the diagonal material extending in four or two directions with a joint hole of the flat portion of the chord material and the diagonal material.

  4 (a) and 4 (b) are diagrams showing another joining method of the string material and the diagonal material according to the present invention. As shown to Fig.4 (a), a string material or a diagonal material may be piled up in a cross, and may be bolt-joined by the joining hole of a flat part. As shown in FIG. 4B, a plurality of diagonal members may be fixed to the chord member extending in the lateral direction. Even if it joins by what kind of method in this way, as long as it is bolt-joined so that the joint hole which concerns on this invention may be penetrated, it can dry-type join easily, without raising eccentricity of a pipe material junction part.

  The material of the string material and the diagonal material according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include various metal pipes such as a black skin steel pipe, a surface-treated steel pipe, a painted steel pipe, a stainless steel pipe, and an aluminum pipe. As the surface-treated steel pipe, a steel pipe galvanized by the soaking plating, continuous steel pipe plating by pouring plating and soaking plating, electroplating, or the like is suitable.

  The planar truss structure according to the present invention can be used as a part of a civil engineering / architecture structure.

11: Upper chord material 12: Lower chord material 13, 14: Diagonal material 15: Bolt 16: Nut 17: String material flat portion 171: String material joint hole 18: Diagonal material flat portion 181: Diagonal material joint hole

Claims (2)

Having two or more tubular chords arranged in parallel,
In the plane truss structure in which a plurality of tubular diagonal members installed obliquely between the chord members are provided,
The chord material flat portion having a flat surface located on the chord material tube axis, and the chord material joint hole located on the chord material tube axis provided in the chord material flat portion And
The diagonal member has a flat portion having a flat surface located at least on both ends on the tube axis of the diagonal member, and an oblique member positioned on the tube axis of the diagonal member provided on the diagonal member flat portion. Material joint hole,
The diagonal members to each other and the chords, in the state where the slant member flat portion are overlapped in the chord flat portion and the diagonal members of the chord, of the chord of the chord joining hole and said diagonal members A high-strength bolted joint or a bolted joint through the diagonal member joining hole, a planar truss structure.   The plane truss structure according to claim 1, wherein a plane formed by the plane truss structure and all the chord material flat portions and diagonal material flat portions have parallel planes.