JP4877410B2 - Deactivation method and deactivation apparatus with charged fine particle water - Google Patents

Deactivation method and deactivation apparatus with charged fine particle water Download PDF

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JP4877410B2
JP4877410B2 JP2010179294A JP2010179294A JP4877410B2 JP 4877410 B2 JP4877410 B2 JP 4877410B2 JP 2010179294 A JP2010179294 A JP 2010179294A JP 2010179294 A JP2010179294 A JP 2010179294A JP 4877410 B2 JP4877410 B2 JP 4877410B2
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radicals
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洋 須田
俊幸 山内
成正 岩本
康訓 松井
茂和 小豆沢
隆行 中田
友規 田中
友宏 山口
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Description

本発明は、帯電微粒子水、つまりは帯電しているとともに微粒子とされている帯電微粒子水による不活性化方法及び不活性化装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an inactivation method and an inactivation apparatus using charged fine particle water, that is, charged fine particle water that is charged and fine.

水に電荷を付与することによって生成される帯電微粒子水は、吸着性が高く、レイリー分裂によって微細化されやすい。このような帯電微粒子水の特徴を生かし、特開平１３−１７０５１４号公報には、ナノメータサイズの粒子径の帯電微粒子水を効率のよい集塵剤として利用した例が示されている。   Charged fine particle water generated by imparting electric charge to water has high adsorptivity and is easily refined by Rayleigh splitting. Taking advantage of such characteristics of charged fine particle water, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 13-170514 shows an example in which charged fine particle water having a particle size of nanometer size is used as an efficient dust collecting agent.

一方、活性化学種であるラジカルは、化学的に反応性が高くて悪臭成分の分解無臭化などに効果的であることが知られている。しかし、活性であるが故に、非常に不安定な物質で空気中では短寿命であり、臭気成分と反応する前に消滅してしまうために十分な効果を得ることが困難であった。   On the other hand, radicals, which are active chemical species, are known to be highly chemically reactive and effective in decomposing and deodorizing malodorous components. However, since it is active, it is a very unstable substance, has a short life in the air, and disappears before reacting with the odor component, so that it is difficult to obtain a sufficient effect.

また、より効果を高める目的で、ラジカルを含んだ微粒子水を用いることによって空気浄化などを試みたものが特開昭５３−１４１１６７号公報、特開平１３−９６１９０号公報などに示されている。   Further, for the purpose of enhancing the effect, attempts to purify air by using fine particle water containing radicals are disclosed in JP-A Nos. 53-141167 and 13-96190.

特開平１３−１７０５１４号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 13-170514 特開昭５３−１４１１６７号公報JP-A-53-141167 特開平１３−９６１９０号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 13-96190

本発明は上記の従来の問題点に鑑みて発明したものであって、花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかを不活性化できる帯電微粒子水による不活性化方法及び不活性化装置を提供することを課題とするものである。 The present invention has been invented in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides an inactivation method and an inactivation apparatus using charged fine particle water that can inactivate any of pollen antigens, sputum, fungi, and viruses. It is an object to do.

上記課題を解決するために本発明に係る帯電微粒子水による不活性化方法は、大気中で水を静電霧化して、粒子径が３〜５０ｎｍの帯電微粒子水を生成し、花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスのいずれかと反応させ、当該花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかを不活性化することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inactivation method using charged fine particle water according to the present invention electrostatically atomizes water in the atmosphere to generate charged fine particle water having a particle size of 3 to 50 nm, and produces pollen antigen, It is characterized by reacting with any one of fungus and virus to inactivate any of the pollen antigens, wrinkles, fungi or virus.

また、不活性化装置は、霧化部に位置する水が静電霧化を起こす高電圧を印加する電圧印加部を備え、当該電圧印加部の高電圧の印加によって、大気中で水を静電霧化して、粒子径が３〜５０ｎｍであり、花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかと反応させて、当該花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかを不活性化するための帯電微粒子水を生成することを特徴とする。 In addition, the deactivation device includes a voltage application unit that applies a high voltage at which water located in the atomization unit causes electrostatic atomization, and the high voltage of the voltage application unit applies water in the atmosphere. Charged fine particles that are atomized to have a particle diameter of 3 to 50 nm and react with any of pollen antigens, wrinkles, fungi, and viruses to inactivate pollen antigens, wrinkles, fungi, and viruses It is characterized by producing water.

また、前記帯電微粒子水は、大気中に放出されることが好ましい。 The charged fine particle water is preferably released into the atmosphere .

また、前記帯電微粒子水は、ヒドロキシラジカル、スーパーオキサイド、一酸化窒素ラジカル、酸素ラジカルのうちのいずれか１つ以上のラジカルを含んでいることが好ましい。 The charged fine particle water preferably contains one or more radicals of hydroxy radicals, superoxide, nitric oxide radicals, and oxygen radicals.

水を静電霧化して生成した活性種を含む帯電微粒子水を、花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかと反応させることで、当該花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかを不活性化することができる。   Charged fine particle water containing active species generated by electrostatic atomization of water reacts with pollen antigen, moth, fungus or virus to inactivate pollen antigen, moth, fungus or virus can do.

なお、化学的に不安定なラジカルをナノメータサイズに微細化された帯電微粒子水に含有させることによって、長寿命化でき、空間内への拡散を大量に行うことができる。   By adding chemically unstable radicals to the charged fine particle water refined to a nanometer size, the lifetime can be extended and a large amount of diffusion into the space can be achieved.

ナノメータサイズの粒子径とするのは、これより大きいミクロンオーダーのサイズになると、移動度が小さく、空間内への拡散が困難となるためであるが、上述のように、粒子径が３〜１００ｎｍ（電気移動度が０．１〜０．００１ｃｍ２／ｖsec）が望ましい。粒子径が３ｎｍ未満になると、帯電微粒子水の寿命が極端に短くなってしまって室内の隅々まで帯電微粒子水がいきわたることが困難となるからであり、特に障害物などがある場合は尚更困難となる。なお、粒子径が１００ｎｍを超えると後述の人の肌の保湿性能の確保が困難となる。１００ｎｍ程度といわれている肌の角質層の隙間からの帯電微粒子水の浸透が困難となる。 The reason why the particle size is nanometer size is that when the size is larger than the micron order, the mobility is small and the diffusion into the space becomes difficult. As described above, the particle size is 3 to 100 nm. (Electric mobility is preferably 0.1 to 0.001 cm 2 / vsec). If the particle diameter is less than 3 nm, the life of the charged fine particle water becomes extremely short, and it becomes difficult for the charged fine particle water to reach every corner of the room, especially when there are obstacles. It becomes. In addition, when a particle diameter exceeds 100 nm, it becomes difficult to ensure the moisture retention performance of the human skin described later. It becomes difficult for the charged fine particle water to penetrate from the gaps between the stratum corneum of the skin, which is said to be about 100 nm.

含有するラジカルは、ヒドロキシルラジカル、スーパーオキサイド、一酸化窒素ラジカル、酸素ラジカルであると、反応性も高く、また大気中の酸素や水蒸気から生成されるためにラジカル原材料を用いる必要もなくて、ラジカル含有状態の確保が容易となる。   The radicals contained are hydroxyl radicals, superoxides, nitric oxide radicals, and oxygen radicals, which are highly reactive and do not require the use of radical raw materials because they are generated from atmospheric oxygen and water vapor. It is easy to ensure the contained state.

ちなみに、粒子径がμｍオーダーのものであると、含まれる活性種が殆どなく、また帯電微粒子水が有する電荷量もきわめて低く、また、対向電極を接地し、水に負電圧を加えた場合には、マイナスイオン効果も期待することができるものの、その効果は低く、実際上、湿度調整に有効なだけである。   By the way, when the particle size is of the order of μm, there are almost no active species contained, the amount of charged fine particle water is very low, and when the counter electrode is grounded and a negative voltage is applied to the water Although the negative ion effect can be expected, the effect is low, and it is practically effective only for humidity adjustment.

しかも上記ラジカルに加えて酸性化学種を含有していると、代表的な悪臭成分であるアミン化合物などのアルカリ性臭気成分に対しより効果的に作用させることができる。   Moreover, when an acidic chemical species is contained in addition to the above radicals, it can more effectively act on alkaline odor components such as amine compounds which are typical malodor components.

加えるに、上記酸性化学種が、窒素酸化物や有機酸であると、大気中の窒素や二酸化炭素から生成することができるために、原材料を添加することなく、酸性化学種含有状態の確保が容易となる。   In addition, if the acidic chemical species is a nitrogen oxide or organic acid, it can be generated from nitrogen or carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, so that it is possible to ensure the acidic chemical species-containing state without adding raw materials. It becomes easy.

硝酸、硝酸水和物、亜硝酸、亜硝酸水和物であってもよい。これらである場合、帯電微粒子水を弱酸性に保つことが可能で、アルカリ性臭気成分への作用だけでなく、人の肌への浸透、保湿への効果を併せ持つことになる。   It may be nitric acid, nitric acid hydrate, nitrous acid, or nitrous acid hydrate. In these cases, the charged fine particle water can be kept weakly acidic, and not only acts on alkaline odor components, but also has effects on penetration into human skin and moisturizing.

帯電微粒子水の帯電極性は、特に限定はされないが、マイナスに帯電させることによって、脱臭作用だけでなく、いわゆるマイナスイオン効果として知られるストレス低減効果をも併せ持つことができる上に、ナノメータサイズのものであるために、通常のマイナスイオンよりも高い効果を得ることができる。   The charging polarity of the charged fine particle water is not particularly limited, but it can have not only a deodorizing action but also a stress reducing effect known as a so-called negative ion effect by charging it negatively, and it is of nanometer size. Therefore, an effect higher than that of normal negative ions can be obtained.

なお、ラジカルを含有する上に粒子径がナノメータサイズであると、空気中に放出された時の寿命が長くて拡散性が大である。   In addition, when it contains radicals and the particle diameter is nanometer size, the life when released into the air is long and the diffusibility is large.

ナノメータサイズの粒子径に霧化された帯電微粒子水は、どのような装置で生成してもよいが、静電霧化装置、殊に水を搬送する多孔質体で構成された搬送体と、搬送体で搬送される水に電圧を印加する水印加電極と、上記搬送体と対向する位置に配された対抗電極と、上記水印加電極と対向電極との間に高電圧を印加する電圧印加部とからなり、搬送体で保持される水と対向電極との間に印加される高電圧によって水を帯電微粒子水とするものを好適に用いることができる。   The charged fine particle water atomized to a nanometer size particle diameter may be generated by any device, but is an electrostatic atomization device, in particular, a transport body composed of a porous body that transports water, A water application electrode for applying a voltage to the water transported by the transport body, a counter electrode disposed at a position facing the transport body, and a voltage application for applying a high voltage between the water application electrode and the counter electrode It is possible to suitably use water that is charged fine particle water by a high voltage applied between the water held by the carrier and the counter electrode.

このような静電霧化装置において、多孔質体の材質、形状、対向電極極との距離、印加する電圧値、電流値などを制御することで、目的とするナノメータサイズの粒子径の粒子を容易に得ることができる。   In such an electrostatic atomizer, by controlling the material and shape of the porous body, the distance from the counter electrode electrode, the voltage value to be applied, the current value, etc., particles having a target nanometer size particle diameter can be obtained. Can be easily obtained.

なお、得られた帯電微粒子の粒子径は、微分型電気移動度計測器（ＤＭＡ／ワイコフ興業製）を用いて電気移動度として計測し、ストークスの法則に基づいて粒子径に換算している。このようにすることで粒子径の正確な測定が可能となるとともに、上記の静電霧化装置の構造や運転条件に粒子径の制御についてのフィードバックが可能となり、目的とするナノメータサイズの粒径を得ることがはじめて可能となった。   In addition, the particle diameter of the obtained charged fine particles is measured as electric mobility using a differential electric mobility measuring instrument (manufactured by DMA / Wyckoff Kogyo), and converted to the particle diameter based on Stokes' law. This makes it possible to accurately measure the particle size, and allows feedback on the control of the particle size to the structure and operating conditions of the electrostatic atomizer described above. Became possible for the first time.

帯電微粒子の粒子径が３ｎｍ以上である場合、３ｎｍ未満である時よりもその寿命は明らかに長寿命化される。アルミ容器内に帯電微粒子を取り込んで粒子数の変化を微分型電気移動度計測器（ＤＭＡ）を用いて測定することで、２０ｎｍ付近の粒子径をもつ帯電微粒子水イと１ｎｍの粒子径の帯電微粒子水ロの粒子数とその寿命を求めた結果を図１に示す。なお、２０ｎｍの粒子径の微粒子水イは、後述の実施例で示した静電霧化装置を用いて生成し、１ｎｍの粒子径の微粒子水ロはコロナ放電電極を用いて生成した。   When the particle diameter of the charged fine particles is 3 nm or more, the lifetime is obviously longer than when the charged fine particles are less than 3 nm. By charging charged fine particles into an aluminum container and measuring the change in the number of particles using a differential electric mobility meter (DMA), charged fine particles having a particle size of about 20 nm and charging with a particle size of 1 nm are obtained. FIG. 1 shows the results of obtaining the number of particles and the life of the particles. The fine particle water having a particle diameter of 20 nm was generated using the electrostatic atomizer shown in the examples described later, and the fine particle water having a particle diameter of 1 nm was generated using a corona discharge electrode.

帯電微粒子水は、室内に放出する場合、特に限定するものではないが、０．１ｇ／ｈｒ以上の量を噴霧することが望ましい。なお、この量は静電霧化装置内のタンク水の減少量で測定した。   The charged fine particle water is not particularly limited when discharged into the room, but it is desirable to spray an amount of 0.1 g / hr or more. This amount was measured as the amount of tank water in the electrostatic atomizer.

帯電微粒子水に含まれるラジカルの分析は、帯電微粒子をスピントラップ剤が含まれた溶液に導入することによってラジカルを安定化した後、電子スピン共鳴スペクトル法（ＥＳＲ）によって測定することができる。   Analysis of radicals contained in the charged fine particle water can be measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) after stabilizing the radicals by introducing charged fine particles into a solution containing a spin trap agent.

また帯電微粒子水に含まれる酸性化学種に関しては、帯電微粒子を純水中に導入した後、イオンクロマトグラフィーによって測定することができる。   The acidic chemical species contained in the charged fine particle water can be measured by ion chromatography after introducing the charged fine particles into pure water.

また、帯電微粒子水内の酸性化学種に関しては、その他に、ドリフトチューブ型イオン移動度／質量分析装置によっても計測することができる。   In addition, the acidic chemical species in the charged fine particle water can also be measured by a drift tube type ion mobility / mass spectrometer.

本発明は、水を静電霧化して、活性種を含む帯電微粒子水を生成し、花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかと反応させるので、当該花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかを不活性化することができる。   The present invention electrostatically atomizes water to produce charged fine particle water containing active species and reacts with any of pollen antigens, wrinkles, fungi, viruses, so any of the pollen antigens, wrinkles, fungi, viruses Can be inactivated.

(a)(b)は本発明の方法及び装置における帯電微粒子水の特性を示す説明図である。(a) (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the characteristic of the charged fine particle water in the method and apparatus of this invention. 同上の帯電微粒子水の生成に供する静電霧化装置の一例の分解斜視図である 。It is a disassembled perspective view of an example of the electrostatic atomizer used for the production | generation of the charged fine particle water same as the above. 同上の動作の説明図であるIt is explanatory drawing of operation | movement same as the above. 同上の他例の動作説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the other example same as the above. 同上の静電霧化装置で生成した帯電微粒子水の粒子径分布計測結果を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the particle diameter distribution measurement result of the charged fine particle water produced | generated with the electrostatic atomizer same as the above. 同上の静電霧化装置で生成した帯電微粒子水中のラジカルの電子スペクトル（ＥＳＲ）チャートである。It is an electron spectrum (ESR) chart of the radical in the charged fine particle water produced | generated with the electrostatic atomizer same as the above. (a)は同上の静電霧化装置で生成した帯電微粒子水中の質量スペクトルチャート、(b)は分子量と化学式とイオン数との説明図である。(a) is a mass spectrum chart in charged fine particle water generated by the electrostatic atomizer described above, and (b) is an explanatory diagram of molecular weight, chemical formula and number of ions. 同上の耐電微粒子水によるチャンバー内のアセトアルデヒド分解性能測定結果を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the acetaldehyde decomposition | disassembly performance measurement result in the chamber by the electrical resistant fine particle water same as the above. 同上の帯電微粒子水による杉花粉抗原のＥＬＩＳＡ試験による不活性評価結果の特性図である。It is a characteristic view of the inactivation evaluation result by the ELISA test of the cedar pollen antigen by the same charged fine particle water. 同上の帯電微粒子水による冷水負荷後の肌角質層の導電率の特性図である。It is a characteristic view of the electrical conductivity of a skin stratum corneum after the cold water load by the charged fine particle water same as the above. 同上の帯電微粒子水による冷水負荷後の手指温度の特性図である。It is a characteristic view of finger temperature after the cold water load by the charged fine particle water same as the above.

以下、本発明を添付図面に示す実施形態に基づいて説明すると、図２は帯電微粒子水を生成するための静電霧化装置の一例を示すもので、水溜め部１と、下端を水溜め部１内の水に浸している複数本の多孔質体からなる棒状の搬送体２と、これら搬送体２の保持及び水に対する電圧の印加のための水印加電極４と、絶縁体からなる保持部６によって保持されているとともに上記複数本の搬送体２の先端部と対向する対向部を備えている対向電極３と、上記水印加電極４と対向電極３との間に高電圧を印加する電圧印加部５とからなるもので、対向電極３と水印加電極４は共にカーボンのような導電材を混入した合成樹脂やＳＵＳのような金属で形成されている。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 shows an example of an electrostatic atomizer for generating charged fine particle water. A rod-shaped transport body 2 made of a plurality of porous bodies immersed in water in the section 1, a water application electrode 4 for holding the transport body 2 and applying a voltage to water, and a holding made of an insulator A high voltage is applied between the counter electrode 3 that is held by the unit 6 and has a counter part facing the tip of the plurality of transport bodies 2, and the water application electrode 4 and the counter electrode 3. The counter electrode 3 and the water application electrode 4 are both made of a synthetic resin mixed with a conductive material such as carbon or a metal such as SUS.

また、上記搬送体２は多孔質体で形成されてその上端が針状に尖った針状霧化部となっているもので、複数本、図示例では６本の搬送体２が水印加電極４に取り付けられている。これら搬送体２は水印加電極４の中央５を中心とする同心円上に等間隔で配置されて、上部が水印加電極４よりも上方に突出し、下部は下方に突出して上記水溜め部１内に入れられた水と接触する。   The transport body 2 is formed of a porous body and has a needle-like atomizing portion with an upper end pointed like a needle. A plurality of transport bodies 2 in the example shown in the drawing are water application electrodes. 4 is attached. These transport bodies 2 are arranged at equal intervals on a concentric circle centered on the center 5 of the water application electrode 4, the upper part projects upward from the water application electrode 4, and the lower part projects downward to form the inside of the water reservoir 1. Contact with water.

対向電極３は、中央に開口部を有するとともに、この開口部の縁が上方から見た時、前記複数本の搬送体２の上端の針状霧化部を中心とする複数の同一径の円弧Ｒを他の円弧で滑らかにつないだものとなっている。対向電極３を接地し、水印加電極４に電圧印加部５を接続して高電圧を印加するとともに、多孔質体で形成されている搬送体２が毛細管現象で水を吸い上げている時、搬送体２の上端の針状霧化部が印加電極４側の実質的な電極として機能すると同時に、対向電極３の上記円弧Ｒが実質的な電極として機能するものである。電圧印加部５としては、７００〜１２００Ｖ／ｍｍの電界強度を与えることができるものが好ましい。   The counter electrode 3 has an opening at the center, and when the edge of the opening is viewed from above, a plurality of arcs having the same diameter centered on the needle-like atomizing portions at the upper ends of the plurality of transport bodies 2 R is smoothly connected with other arcs. When the counter electrode 3 is grounded, the voltage application unit 5 is connected to the water application electrode 4 and a high voltage is applied, and the carrier 2 formed of a porous body sucks water by capillary action, The needle-like atomization part at the upper end of the body 2 functions as a substantial electrode on the application electrode 4 side, and the arc R of the counter electrode 3 functions as a substantial electrode. As the voltage application part 5, what can give the electric field strength of 700-1200 V / mm is preferable.

そして、上記搬送体２は上述のように毛細管現象で水を先端にまで運ぶことができる多孔質体で形成されているのであるが、ここでは気孔率が１０〜６０％、粒子径が１〜１００μｍ、先端針状部の断面形状がφ０．５ｍｍ以下の多孔質セラミックを用いているとともに、対向電極３が接地され且つ水印加電極４にマイナスの電圧が印加される場合、使用する水のｐＨ値でマイナスに帯電する等電位点を有する材料からなるものを使用している。なお、水のｐＨ値が７であるならば、シリカを主成分とするものを好適に用いることができる。   And the said conveyance body 2 is formed with the porous body which can carry water to a front-end | tip by capillarity as mentioned above, Here, the porosity is 10 to 60%, and the particle diameter is 1 to 1. When a porous ceramic having a cross-sectional shape of 100 μm and a tip needle-like portion of φ0.5 mm or less is used, the counter electrode 3 is grounded, and a negative voltage is applied to the water application electrode 4, the pH of the water to be used A material made of a material having an equipotential point that is negatively charged in value is used. In addition, if the pH value of water is 7, what has a silica as a main component can be used suitably.

このような材質を選択しているのは次の理由による。すなわち、霧化させる水が例えば水道水、地下水、電解水、ｐＨ調整水、ミネラルウォーター、ビタミンＣやアミノ酸等の有用成分が入った水、アロマオイルや芳香剤や消臭剤等が添加されている水等に、Ｃａ，Ｍｇ等のミネラル成分が入った水である時、毛細管現象で搬送体の先端部まで引き上げられた時、空気中のＣＯ２と反応し、搬送体の先端部にＣａＣＯ３，ＭｇＯ等として析出付着して静電霧化が起こり難くなってしまうが、使用する水のｐＨ値でマイナスに帯電する等電位点を有する材料からなるものを使用した場合、水印加電極４にマイナスの電圧を印加した状態で水と多孔質セラミックである搬送体２とが接触した時、シラノール基の乖離によって搬送体２が図３に示すようにマイナスに帯電し、対向電極方向が図中の上方向である時、多孔質セラミックである搬送体２中の毛細管内の水は静電ポテンシャルの分布（ゼータ電位を図中Ｚで示す）を持つものとなって電気二重層が形成され、図中イで示す方向のいわゆる電気浸透流が発生するものであり、Ｃａ，Ｍｇ等の陽イオンは電位の低い水印加電極４の方に向かう。つまり、水は搬送体２内を毛細管現象で対向電極３方向に引き上げられるが、水が含んでいるＣａ，Ｍｇ等の陽イオンは対向電極３側に向かわないために、搬送体２の先端で空気中のＣＯ２と反応し、搬送体の先端部にＣａＣＯ３，ＭｇＯ等として析出付着するという事態を招くことがないものである。図中Ｓは電気浸透流の流速がゼロになる面（滑り面）を示している。 The reason why such a material is selected is as follows. That is, for example, tap water, ground water, electrolyzed water, pH-adjusted water, mineral water, water containing useful components such as vitamin C and amino acids, aroma oil, fragrance, deodorant, etc. are added as the water to be atomized. When water that contains mineral components such as Ca, Mg, etc., when it is pulled up to the tip of the carrier by capillary action, it reacts with CO 2 in the air, and CaCO at the tip of the carrier 3. Electrostatic atomization is difficult to occur due to deposition and adhesion as MgO or the like, but when a material made of a material having an equipotential point that is negatively charged at the pH value of the water used is used, the water application electrode 4 When a negative voltage is applied to the water and the carrier 2, which is a porous ceramic, comes into contact with the carrier 2, the carrier 2 is negatively charged as shown in FIG. the top in When in a counterflow, the water in the capillary in the transport body 2 is a porous ceramic so as to have the distribution of electrostatic potential (zeta potential shown in the drawing Z) is an electric double layer is formed, in the drawing A so-called electroosmotic flow in the direction indicated by A is generated, and cations such as Ca and Mg are directed toward the water application electrode 4 having a low potential. That is, water is pulled up in the transport body 2 in the direction of the counter electrode 3 by capillarity, but the cations such as Ca and Mg contained in the water do not go to the counter electrode 3 side. It does not cause a situation in which it reacts with CO 2 in the air and precipitates and adheres as CaCO 3 , MgO or the like to the tip of the carrier. In the figure, S indicates a surface (sliding surface) where the flow velocity of the electroosmotic flow becomes zero.

対向電極３が接地され且つ水印加電極４にプラスの電圧が印加される場合には、使用する水のｐＨ値でプラスに帯電する等電位点を有する材料からなる多孔質セラミックを搬送体２に使用する。なお、水のｐＨ値が７であるならば、アルミナを主成分とするものを好適に用いることができる。この場合、図４に示すように、電位の高い水印加電極４方向に流れる電気浸透流の陰イオンの流れに伴ってＣａ，Ｍｇ等の陽イオンも水印加電極４の方に向かう。従って、この場合においても、Ｃａ，Ｍｇ等の陽イオンは対向電極３側に向かわないために、搬送体２の先端で空気中のＣＯ２と反応し、搬送体の先端部にＣａＣＯ３，ＭｇＯ等として析出付着するという事態を招くことがないものである。 When the counter electrode 3 is grounded and a positive voltage is applied to the water application electrode 4, a porous ceramic made of a material having an equipotential point that is positively charged with the pH value of the water used is applied to the carrier 2. use. In addition, if the pH value of water is 7, what has an alumina as a main component can be used suitably. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, cations such as Ca and Mg also move toward the water application electrode 4 along with the flow of anions of the electroosmotic flow flowing in the direction of the water application electrode 4 having a high potential. Therefore, in this case as well, since cations such as Ca and Mg do not go to the counter electrode 3 side, they react with CO 2 in the air at the tip of the carrier 2 and CaCO 3 , MgO at the tip of the carrier. As a result, it does not cause a situation of deposition and adhesion.

いずれにせよ、水溜め部１内の水に搬送体２を接触させて毛細管現象で水を吸い上げさせ、さらに対向電極３を接地するとともに水印加電極４に電圧印加部５を接続して、水印加電極４に電圧を印加した時、この電圧が搬送体２の針状霧化部に位置する水にレイリー分裂を起こさせることができる高電圧であれば、搬送体２の上端の針状霧化部において水はレイリー分裂を起こして霧化する。静電霧化がなされるわけであり、この時、静電霧化で生じるミストは、電界強度が７００〜１２００Ｖ／ｍｍである時、３〜１００ｎｍの粒子径を有するナノメータサイズのものとなるとともに、ラジカル（ヒドロキシラジカル、スーパーオキサイド等）を持ち、且つ強い電荷量を持ったものとなる。   In any case, the carrier 2 is brought into contact with the water in the water reservoir 1 to suck up the water by capillary action, and the counter electrode 3 is grounded and the voltage application unit 5 is connected to the water application electrode 4 to When a voltage is applied to the additive electrode 4, if this voltage is a high voltage that can cause Rayleigh splitting in the water located in the needle-like atomization portion of the carrier 2, the needle-like mist on the upper end of the carrier 2 In the conversion section, water undergoes Rayleigh splitting and atomizes. At this time, when the electric field strength is 700 to 1200 V / mm, the mist generated by electrostatic atomization is of nanometer size having a particle diameter of 3 to 100 nm. , Having radicals (hydroxy radical, superoxide, etc.) and having a strong charge.

ところで、７００〜１２００Ｖ／ｍｍの電界強度を与えた時、粒子径が３〜２０ｎｍのミストと粒子径が３０〜５０ｎｍのミストが多く発生するが、電界強度を高くすると、粒子径が小さくなる方向にシフトすることが観察でき、また電界強度９００Ｖ／ｍｍで１６〜２０ｎｍの粒子径を持つミストを多く発生させた場合に、上記の各効果が特に有効に現れた。   By the way, when an electric field strength of 700 to 1200 V / mm is applied, a mist with a particle size of 3 to 20 nm and a mist with a particle size of 30 to 50 nm are often generated. The above effects were particularly effective when a large amount of mist having a particle diameter of 16 to 20 nm at an electric field strength of 900 V / mm was generated.

ちなみに搬送体２としては、前述のように、気孔率が１０〜６０％、粒子径が１〜１００μｍ、先端針状部の先端断面形状がφ０．５ｍｍ以下の多孔質セラミックを用いると、粒子径が揃ったミストを発生させることができ、特に気孔率が４０％、粒子径が１〜３μｍ、針状霧化部の先端断面形状がφ０．２５ｍｍの時に９００Ｖ／ｍｍの電界強度を与えた時、１６〜２０ｎｍの粒子径を持つミストを多く発生させることができた。   Incidentally, as described above, when the porous body having a porosity of 10 to 60%, a particle diameter of 1 to 100 μm, and a tip cross-sectional shape of the tip needle-like portion of φ0.5 mm or less is used as the carrier 2, When the electric field strength of 900 V / mm is given when the porosity is 40%, the particle diameter is 1 to 3 μm, and the tip cross-sectional shape of the needle-like atomization part is φ0.25 mm A large amount of mist having a particle diameter of 16 to 20 nm could be generated.

なお、搬送体２は多孔質セラミックからなるものに限定されるものではなく、たとえばフェルトなどを用いてもよい。ただし、粒子径が揃ったミストを発生させるという点では多孔質セラミックが有利である。   In addition, the conveyance body 2 is not limited to what consists of porous ceramics, For example, felt etc. may be used. However, porous ceramic is advantageous in that it generates mist having a uniform particle size.

そして、このようなナノメータサイズの帯電微粒子水は、脱臭、花粉が持つ花粉症を引き起こす物質の不活性化、空気中のウイルスや菌の不活性化、空気中の黴の除去及び抗黴効果といった作用を有することが確認できた。   And such nanometer-sized charged fine particle water can be used for deodorization, inactivation of pollen-causing substances, inactivation of viruses and fungi in the air, removal of soot in the air, and antifungal effect. It was confirmed to have an action.

すなわち、水印加電極４が負電極となるようにした状態で上記の静電霧化装置によって得られた帯電微粒子水が、微分型電気移動度計測器による測定で図５に示す粒径分布で示されるもの、つまり２０ｎｍ付近をピークとして、１０〜３０ｎｍに分布を持つものであり、また、生成される帯電微粒子水の量が水溜め部１内の水の減少量による測定で０．５ｇ／ｈｒであり、帯電微粒子水中のラジカルの電子スピンスペクトル法による測定チャートが図６に示されるもの（図中Ａはラジカルの検出ピーク、Ｂは標準物質である酸化マンガンのピーク）であり、さらに帯電微粒子水中のドリフトチューブ型イオン移動度／質量分析装置で測定された各種イオンの分析結果が図７に示すものである時、この帯電微粒子水を用いて確認することができた効果について、以下に記す。なお、図６から明らかなように、この帯電微粒子水はラジカルを含有する上に、図７から明らかなように、大気中の窒素や二酸化炭素から生成されたと考えられる窒素酸化物や有機酸といった酸性種を多く含有したものとなっている。   That is, the charged fine particle water obtained by the above electrostatic atomizer in a state where the water application electrode 4 is a negative electrode has a particle size distribution shown in FIG. 5 as measured by a differential electric mobility meter. In other words, it has a distribution in the range of 10 to 30 nm with a peak at around 20 nm, and the amount of charged fine particle water produced is 0.5 g / in as measured by the amount of water decrease in the water reservoir 1. The measurement chart of the radicals in the charged fine particle water by the electron spin spectrum method is shown in FIG. 6 (in the figure, A is a radical detection peak, B is a peak of manganese oxide which is a standard substance), When the analysis results of various ions measured with a drift tube type ion mobility / mass spectrometer in fine particle water are as shown in FIG. 7, this charged fine particle water can be used to confirm. For effect, described below. As is clear from FIG. 6, the charged fine particle water contains radicals and, as is clear from FIG. 7, such as nitrogen oxides and organic acids considered to be generated from nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It contains a lot of acidic species.

まず、３Ｌチャンバー内における１０ｐｐｍのアセトアルデヒドを上記帯電微粒子水で１時間処理すると、６０％の減少が確認された。その測定結果を図８に示す。図中αが上記帯電微粒子水で処理した場合、βが粒子径１ｎｍの帯電微粒子水で処理した場合を、γが何も処理しなかった場合である。   First, when 10 ppm of acetaldehyde in a 3 L chamber was treated with the charged fine particle water for 1 hour, a reduction of 60% was confirmed. The measurement results are shown in FIG. In the figure, α is treated with the charged fine particle water, β is treated with charged fine particle water having a particle diameter of 1 nm, and γ is not treated at all.

このような、脱臭効果は、臭気ガスが帯電微粒子中のラジカルとの化学反応で無臭化されることでなされるものであると考えられる。下記はラジカルとアセトアルデヒドをはじめとする各種臭気との脱臭反応式である。・ＯＨはヒドロキシラジカルを示す。   Such a deodorizing effect is considered to be achieved by the odor gas being non-brominated by a chemical reaction with radicals in the charged fine particles. The following is a deodorization reaction formula of radicals and various odors including acetaldehyde. * OH represents a hydroxy radical.

アセトアルデヒド ＣＨ３ＣＨＯ＋６・ＯＨ＋Ｏ２→２ＣＯ２＋５Ｈ ２ Ｏ
アンモニア ２ＮＨ３＋６・ＯＨ→Ｎ２＋６Ｈ ２ Ｏ
酢酸 ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ＋４・ＯＨ＋Ｏ２→２ＣＯ２＋４Ｈ ２ Ｏ
メタンガス ＣＨ４＋４・ＯＨ＋Ｏ２→ＣＯ２＋４Ｈ ２ Ｏ
一酸化炭素 ＣＯ＋２・ＯＨ→ＣＯ２＋Ｈ ２ Ｏ
一酸化窒素 ２ＮＯ＋４・ＯＨ→Ｎ２＋２Ｏ２＋２Ｈ ２ Ｏ
ホルムアルデヒド ＨＣＨＯ＋４・ＯＨ→ＣＯ２＋３Ｈ ２ Ｏ
また、上記帯電微粒子水に黴菌を曝したところ、黴残存率は６０分後には０％となる結果を得ることができた。ＯＨラジカルが黴の菌糸を分解するために抗黴効果を得られるものと考えられる。 Acetaldehyde CH 3 CHO + 6 · OH + O 2 → 2CO 2 + 5H 2 O
Ammonia 2NH 3 + 6 · OH → N 2 + 6H 2 O
Acetic acid CH 3 COOH + 4 · OH + O 2 → 2CO 2 + 4H 2 O
Methane gas CH 4 + 4 · OH + O 2 → CO 2 + 4H 2 O
Carbon monoxide CO + 2 · OH → CO 2 + H 2 O
Nitric oxide 2NO + 4 · OH → N 2 + 2O 2 + 2H 2 O
Formaldehyde HCHO + 4 · OH → CO 2 + 3H 2 O
Further, when the koji mold was exposed to the above charged fine particle water, the result that the koji residual rate became 0% after 60 minutes could be obtained. It is thought that the anti-wrinkle effect can be obtained because the OH radical decomposes the mycelium of the cocoon.

また、上記の帯電微粒子水に杉花粉から抽出した抗原Cry j1，Cry j2を曝露させてＥＬＩＳＡ試験を行ったところ、図９に示すように、抗原量が初期状態(blank）から半減するという結果を得ることができた。   Further, when the ELISA test was carried out by exposing the antigens Cry j1 and Cry j2 extracted from cedar pollen to the above charged fine particle water, as shown in FIG. 9, the result was that the antigen amount was halved from the initial state (blank). Could get.

また、上記静電霧化装置から上記帯電微粒子水が内部に供給される円筒容器（φ５５×２００ｍｍ）内に一端開口から噴霧器にてウイルス溶液を噴霧し、他端開口からウイルスをインピンジャーで回収してプラーク法により抗ウイルス効果を確認したところ、回収溶液中のプラーク数はウイルスを単にマイナスイオンに曝した場合よりも少なくなる結果を得ることができた。   In addition, the virus solution is sprayed with a sprayer from one end opening into a cylindrical container (φ55 × 200 mm) into which the charged fine particle water is supplied from the electrostatic atomizer, and the virus is collected with an impinger from the other end opening. When the antiviral effect was confirmed by the plaque method, it was found that the number of plaques in the recovered solution was smaller than that obtained when the virus was simply exposed to negative ions.

また、大腸菌Ｏ−１５７を上記帯電微粒子水に曝露させたところ、３０分後には不活性化率が１００％となる結果を得ることができた。これは帯電微粒子水中の活性種が菌体表面のタンパクを変成し、菌体の増殖を抑制するためと考えられる。   Further, when E. coli O-157 was exposed to the charged fine particle water, a result that the inactivation rate became 100% after 30 minutes could be obtained. This is presumably because the active species in the charged fine particle water denatures the protein on the surface of the cells and suppresses the growth of the cells.

なお、肌への保湿性に関して、肌に直接微粒子水を暴露した後の肌の含水量を評価したところ、図１０にホで示すように、ブランクの場合（図中ヘ）よりも保湿時間が長くなったことが確認された。   In addition, regarding the moisture retention on the skin, the moisture content of the skin after directly exposing the fine particle water to the skin was evaluated. As shown in FIG. It was confirmed that it became longer.

また、マイナスの電荷を持つ帯電微粒子水において、冷水後の体温上昇試験を行ったところ、図１１にトで示すように、通常の粒子径１ｎｍのマイナスイオンの場合（チ）よりも体温上昇速度の向上が確認された。図中ヌは帯電微粒子水を含まない場合である。   Further, in a charged fine particle water having a negative charge, a body temperature increase test after cold water was conducted. As shown in FIG. 11, the rate of increase in body temperature was higher than that in the case of a normal ion having a particle diameter of 1 nm (h). Improvement was confirmed. In the figure, “nu” represents a case where charged fine particle water is not included.

酸性種として、硝酸、硝酸水和物、亜硝酸、亜硝酸水和物の少なくとも１つ以上を含有させるようにしてもよい。これらを含有させた場合、帯電微粒子水は弱酸性を保つことになり、アルカリ性臭気成分への作用だけでなく、人の肌への浸透や保湿の点で有意な効果を有するものとなる。   As the acidic species, at least one of nitric acid, nitric acid hydrate, nitrous acid, and nitrous acid hydrate may be contained. When these are contained, the charged fine particle water maintains weak acidity, and has not only an effect on the alkaline odor component but also a significant effect in terms of penetration into human skin and moisture retention.

なお、粒子径が３ｎｍより小さい場合及び粒子径が５０ｎｍを超える場合、上記のような抗原の不活性化といった作用はあまり得ることができなかった。また粒子径が３〜５０ｎｍというきわめて小さい帯電微粒子水は、空気中の湿度調整という点に関して殆ど影響を与えることはない。   In addition, when the particle diameter was smaller than 3 nm and when the particle diameter exceeded 50 nm, the effect of inactivating the antigen as described above could not be obtained so much. In addition, the extremely small charged fine particle water having a particle diameter of 3 to 50 nm has little influence on the adjustment of humidity in the air.

Claims (6)

大気中で水を静電霧化して、粒子径が３〜５０ｎｍの帯電微粒子水を生成し、花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスのいずれかと反応させ、当該花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかを不活性化することを特徴とする帯電微粒子水による不活性化方法。 Water is electrostatically atomized in the atmosphere to produce charged fine particle water having a particle size of 3 to 50 nm, which is reacted with any of pollen antigens, sputum, fungi and viruses. An inactivation method using charged fine particle water characterized by inactivating the above. 前記帯電微粒子水は、当該大気中に放出されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の帯電微粒子水による不活性化方法。   2. The inactivation method using charged fine particle water according to claim 1, wherein the charged fine particle water is released into the atmosphere. 前記帯電微粒子水は、ヒドロキシラジカル、スーパーオキサイド、一酸化窒素ラジカル、酸素ラジカルのうちのいずれか１つ以上のラジカルを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の帯電微粒子水による不活性化方法。 3. The charged fine particle water according to claim 1, wherein the charged fine particle water contains one or more radicals selected from a hydroxyl radical, a superoxide, a nitric oxide radical, and an oxygen radical. Inactivation method by. 霧化部に位置する水が静電霧化を起こす高電圧を印加する電圧印加部を備え、当該電圧印加部の高電圧の印加によって、大気中で水を静電霧化して、粒子径が３〜５０ｎｍであり、花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかと反応させて、当該花粉抗原、黴、菌、ウイルスの何れかを不活性化するための帯電微粒子水を生成することを特徴とする不活性化装置。 Comprising a voltage application unit that water located in the atomization unit to apply a high voltage to cause electrostatic atomization, by applying a high voltage of the voltage application unit, and electrostatic atomization of water in the atmosphere, the particle size 3 to 50 nm, and reacts with any of pollen antigen, cocoon, fungus, and virus to generate charged fine particle water for inactivating any of the pollen antigen, moth, fungus, or virus Deactivation device. 前記帯電微粒子水は、当該大気中に放出されることを特徴とする請求項４記載の不活性化装置。   5. The inactivation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the charged fine particle water is released into the atmosphere. 前記帯電微粒子水は、ヒドロキシラジカル、スーパーオキサイド、一酸化窒素ラジカル、酸素ラジカルのうちのいずれか１つ以上のラジカルを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項４又は請求項５記載の不活性化装置。 6. The inactivation according to claim 4, wherein the charged fine particle water contains one or more radicals of a hydroxyl radical, a superoxide, a nitric oxide radical, and an oxygen radical. apparatus.
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