JP4875643B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to a construction machine provided with an openable / closable cover.

  In general, a hydraulic excavator is known as a representative example of a construction machine. The hydraulic excavator includes a lower traveling body capable of self-propelling, an upper revolving body that is rotatably mounted on the lower traveling body, and the upper excavator. It is comprised by the working apparatus provided in the front side of the revolving body so that a heel-up-and-down movement was possible.

  Further, the upper swing body covers a swing frame that forms a support structure, mounted devices such as an engine, a hydraulic pump, a heat exchanger, a hydraulic oil tank, and a fuel tank mounted on the swing frame, and these mounted devices. Thus, it is roughly constituted by an exterior cover provided on the revolving frame.

  Here, the exterior cover is a part of the opening / closing cover that can be opened and closed. By opening the opening / closing cover, the engine, the hydraulic oil tank, etc. can be inspected, repaired, and the fuel tank can be refueled. it can. In addition, a locking device is provided between the opening / closing cover and the fixed member on the revolving frame side to hold the opening / closing cover in a closed state.

  The locking device includes, for example, a catch provided on the opening / closing cover, a hook that is provided on the fixed side member on the revolving frame side so as to correspond to the catch, and engages with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed, It is comprised by the cancellation | release operation lever for canceling | releasing engagement of the hook with respect to a catch (for example, refer patent document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-62149

  And in the hydraulic excavator by patent document 1, when the opening-and-closing cover is closed, the catch and hook of a locking device can be engaged, and an opening-and-closing cover can be held in a closed state. Further, by operating the release operation lever with the open / close cover closed, the engagement of the hook with the catch can be released and the open / close cover can be opened.

  Here, the open / close cover that constitutes the exterior cover of the excavator is locked by a lock device while being pressed against the edge of the cover that cannot be opened / closed, for example, so that the excavator does not rattle during travel or work. It is the composition to do.

  In this case, in order to engage the catch and the hook of the locking device, the opening / closing cover must be pressed against the fixed member on the revolving frame side. Therefore, if the pressing force is weak, the catch and the hook are completely engaged. May not match. At this time, there is a possibility that the catch and the hook may come off due to vibration during running or work and the opening / closing cover may be opened carelessly.

  Therefore, a first locking device that locks the opening / closing cover in a securely closed state, and a second locking device that engages the opening / closing cover when the engagement by the first locking device is inadvertently released. Some have been provided separately (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 58-17978 A

  By the way, according to the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, the second locking device is separately provided in addition to the first locking device so that the opening / closing cover is not opened carelessly. In addition, there is a problem that the entire apparatus becomes large.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a two-stage lock function with a small number of parts, thereby preventing the opening / closing cover from being opened carelessly. It is to provide a construction machine.

  A construction machine according to the present invention covers a vehicle body frame to which a mounted device including a engine, a hydraulic oil tank, a fuel tank, and a battery that constitutes a support structure and drives a hydraulic pump is mounted, and covers the device mounted on the vehicle body frame. An opening / closing cover provided on the vehicle body frame so as to be openable and closable, and a lock device for holding the opening / closing cover in a closed state with respect to the vehicle body frame.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the configuration of the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that the locking device includes a catch provided on a fixed-side member including the body frame or the mounted device, and a base end. A hook that engages with the catch when the door is closed, and a release operation member that rotates the hook to release the engagement of the hook with the catch. The hook includes a first claw portion that can be engaged with the catch, and a second claw portion that is located on the tip side of the first claw portion and can be engaged with the catch. There is a configuration to provide.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the first claw portion of the hook engages with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed to the door closing position, and the second claw portion moves the opening / closing cover from the door closing position. In addition, the catch is configured to engage with the catch when it is closed to the open half-open position.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a support member that supports the hook and the release operation member as a single assembly is provided, and the hook and the release operation member are attached to the opening / closing cover using the support member. It is in.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a configuration in which a catch guide that guides the catch toward a position where each claw portion of the hook is engaged is provided at a position along the hook.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a hook assembly is configured by providing the hook and the release operation member with respect to one support member and providing a catch guide for guiding the catch along a rotation direction of the hook. The catch guide is configured to insert the catch into a V-shaped groove formed between two guide portions, and the first and second claw portions forming the hook are formed by the opening / closing cover. When in the closed position, the tip of each claw is positioned so as to overlap the guy portion over the V-shaped groove, and when the hook is rotated by the release operation member, the tip of each claw is in the V shape. The configuration is such that it is retracted from the groove.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction machine comprising: a vehicle body frame on which a mounted device including an engine, a hydraulic oil tank, a fuel tank, and a battery that form a support structure and drive a hydraulic pump is mounted; and a device mounted on the vehicle body frame. A side cover provided as a fixed member on the side surface of the vehicle body frame to cover the side surface, and an upper surface of the device mounted on the vehicle body frame to be positioned above the side cover and openable to the vehicle body frame An opening / closing cover provided and a lock device for holding the opening / closing cover in a closed state with respect to the vehicle body frame.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the feature of the configuration of the invention of claim 6 is that the locking device is configured such that the catch provided on the opening / closing cover and the base end side of the side cover can be rotated. A hook that engages with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed, and a release operation member that rotates the hook to release the engagement of the hook with the catch. A first claw portion that can be engaged with the catch and a second claw portion that is located on the tip side of the first claw portion and can be engaged with the catch are provided.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the hook of the locking device includes the first claw portion that can be engaged with the catch, and the first claw portion that is located on the tip side of the first claw portion and can be engaged with the catch. A two-stage configuration is provided with two claw portions. Therefore, even if the engagement of the first claw portion with the catch is insufficient and the first claw portion may come off from the catch during traveling or work, the hook is closer to the tip side of the hook than the first claw portion. The provided 2nd nail | claw part engages with a catch. Thereby, the 2nd nail | claw part can regulate the opening of an opening-and-closing cover.

  As a result, the locking device can reliably prevent the opening / closing cover from being inadvertently opened at the time of traveling or working by a simple configuration in which two hooks are provided on one hook. The number of parts can be reduced and the reliability can be improved. Further, since the lock device has a small number of parts, it can be provided in a small space, and can be applied to, for example, an ultra-small construction machine.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the first claw portion of the hook is engaged with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed to the door closing position, the first claw portion is engaged with the catch. Sometimes, the opening / closing cover can be reliably held without rattling at the closed position. On the other hand, since the second claw portion can be engaged with the catch when the open / close cover is closed to the half-open position that is opened from the closed position, the second claw is also provided when the open / close cover is closed with a light force. The part can always be engaged with the catch. Thereby, when the open / close cover is closed, the second claw portion can be engaged with the catch at a minimum.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the support member can support the hook and the release operation member as one assembly, the hook and the release operation member can be attached to the opening / closing cover using the support member. it can. Thereby, a support member, a hook, and a release operation member can be constituted as one assembly, and assembly workability can be improved.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the catch guide for guiding the catch toward the position where each hook portion of the hook engages is provided at a position along the hook, when the open / close cover is closed, the catch guide The hook and the catch can be reliably engaged at the correct position.

  According to the invention of claim 5, by providing the hook, the release operation member, and the catch guide with respect to one support member, the hook assembly can be configured, and the assembly workability can be improved. Further, the catch guide can guide the catch along the rotation direction of the hook by inserting the catch into a V-shaped groove formed between the two guide portions.

  Further, when the opening / closing cover is disposed at the closed position, the tips of the first claw portion and the second claw portion forming the hook overlap the guide portion beyond the V-shaped groove. Engagement can be ensured so as not to escape from the part. On the other hand, when the hook is rotated by the release operation member, the tip of each claw portion can be retracted from the V-shaped groove, so that the engagement between the catch and the hook can be released and the opening / closing cover can be opened. .

  According to the invention of claim 6, almost the same as the invention of claim 1, it is possible to reliably prevent the opening / closing cover from opening carelessly during traveling or work with a simple configuration. The number of parts can be reduced and the reliability can be improved. Further, since the lock device has a small number of parts, it can be provided in a small space, and can be applied to, for example, an ultra-small construction machine.

  Hereinafter, a hydraulic excavator will be described as a representative example of the construction machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  First, FIGS. 1 to 12 show a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine. The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a self-propelled crawler type lower traveling body 2, an upper revolving body 3 that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body 2 and constitutes a vehicle body together with the lower traveling body 2, and the upper revolving body It is provided on the front side of the body 3 so as to be able to move up and down, and is roughly constituted by a working device 4 that performs excavation work of earth and sand.

  In addition, the upper swing body 3 that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body 2 is based on a swing frame 5 that constitutes a support structure and has a work device 4 attached to the front, and the left front side of the swing frame 5 Is provided with a cab 6 on which an operator is boarded. A counterweight 7 is attached to the rear portion of the revolving frame 5 to balance the weight with the working device 4.

  Furthermore, many devices are mounted on the turning frame 5. As shown in FIG. 3, these mounted devices include an engine 8 that is positioned between the cab 6 and the counterweight 7 and mounted horizontally on the rear side of the turning frame 5, and on the left side of the engine 8. An attached hydraulic pump 9, a heat exchanger 10 such as a radiator or an oil cooler provided on the right side of the engine 8, and a later-described mounted on the swivel frame 5 on the front side of the heat exchanger 10 The hydraulic oil tank 14, the fuel tank 11 provided on the front side of the hydraulic oil tank 14, the battery 12 provided above the fuel tank 11, and the cab 6 are provided below. There is a control valve device 13 and the like, and many of these mounted devices are covered with an exterior cover 15 described later.

  Reference numeral 14 denotes a hydraulic oil tank mounted on the revolving frame 5 at the front side of the heat exchanger 10, and the hydraulic oil tank 14 is one of the mounted devices, and a catch 20 of a lock device 19 to be described later is attached. The stationary side member of the body frame for this is comprised. 3 and 4, the hydraulic oil tank 14 includes a front plate 14A, a rear plate 14B, a left side plate 14C, a right side plate 14D, a top plate 14E and a bottom plate (not shown) made of a rectangular steel plate or the like. Z)) is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped container having strength. In the hydraulic oil tank 14, a catch 20 is attached to the upper part of the rear face plate 14B.

  15 is an exterior cover provided on the revolving frame 5 from the rear side to the right side of the cab 6, and the exterior cover 15 includes the engine 8, the hydraulic pump 9, the heat exchanger 10, and the heat exchanger 10 mounted on the revolving frame 5. Devices such as the fuel tank 11, the battery 12, and the hydraulic oil tank 14 are covered.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the exterior cover 15 is disposed at an intermediate portion in the upper and lower directions of the counterweight 7, and an inspection opening for the engine 8 and the like formed on the counterweight 7. An engine cover 16 (not shown) that can be opened and closed, a left side cover (not shown) that extends forward from the left end side of the counterweight 7 and covers the engine 8 and the like from the left side, a heat exchanger 10, A right side provided as a fixed side member on the right side surface of the swivel frame 5 while extending forward along the periphery of the swivel frame 5 from the right end side of the counterweight 7 in order to cover the right side surfaces of the hydraulic oil tank 14, the fuel tank 11, etc. The surface cover 17 and a tank cover 18 (described later) provided on the upper side of the right side cover 17 are roughly configured.

  Here, the right side cover 17 constituting a part of the exterior cover 15 is fixedly attached to the revolving frame 5, the rear side thereof is substantially the same height as the engine cover 16, and the front side is formed lower than the fuel tank 11. Has been. Further, as shown in FIG. 9 and the like, for example, a cushion material 17A having a vibration suppressing function and a sealing function is attached to the right side cover 17 along the upper edge. As a result, the cushion material 17A comes into contact with the elastic force when the tank cover 18 is disposed at the closed position, thereby suppressing rattling of the tank cover 18 and preventing rainwater and dust from entering from the gap. It is.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes a tank cover serving as an opening / closing cover provided on the upper side of the right side cover 17. The tank cover 18 covers the upper surfaces of the heat exchanger 10, the fuel tank 11, the hydraulic oil tank 14 and the like mounted on the left and right sides of the revolving frame 5, and forward from the right end side of the counterweight 7. It is extended and formed. The front side of the tank cover 18 is rotatably attached to the front part of the revolving frame 5, so that the rear side can be opened and closed upward and downward.

  The tank cover 18 has a side surface portion 18A extending upward from the right side surface cover 17 so as to bend along the right side surface cover 17, and the heat exchanger 10, the hydraulic oil tank 14, the fuel tank from the side surface portion 18A. 11 and the like, and an upper surface portion 18B that extends to the left from the upper side to a position that covers 11 and the like from the upper side. Further, the side surface portion 18A and the upper surface portion 18B are curved so as to become lower toward the front side, and the lower edge of the side surface portion 18A is formed higher toward the rear side. Further, the side surface portion 18A is formed with a recessed hole 18C for pushing the release operation button 24 described later, which is positioned on the rear side corresponding to the catch 20 described later, and the position of the recessed hole 18C. As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 9, etc., a hook assembly 21 described later is attached from the inside of the side surface portion 18A.

  Next, the locking device 19 provided between the hydraulic oil tank 14 constituting the fixed side member mounted on the revolving frame 5 and the tank cover 18 that can open and close the exterior cover 15 will be described.

  That is, reference numeral 19 denotes the locking device according to the first embodiment provided between the hydraulic oil tank 14 fixed on the revolving frame 5 and the tank cover 18 of the exterior cover 15. The lock device 19 holds the openable / closable tank cover 18 in a closed state with respect to the revolving frame 5. The lock device 19 includes a catch 20, a support member 22, a hook 23, a release operation button 24, a catch guide 26, and the like which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 20 denotes a catch constituting the locking device 19 (see FIGS. 3 to 6). The catch 20 is provided in a hydraulic oil tank 14 as a fixed side member fixed on the revolving frame 5, for example. Here, in 1st Embodiment, although the case where the catch 20 was provided in the hydraulic-oil tank 14 is mentioned as an example, the catch 20 is the revolving frame 5, the pillar which comprises a part of this revolving frame 5, It is good also as a structure provided in other fixed side members, such as structures, such as a beam, the components of the engine 8, the fuel tank 11, the battery 12, and the right side cover 17 of the exterior cover 15.

  The catch 20 is formed by bending a strong rod-like body into a U shape. The catch 20 is attached to the upper right position of the rear face plate 14B of the hydraulic oil tank 14 via the attachment plate 20A so as to be located in the vicinity of the side face portion 18A of the tank cover 18. Further, the catch 20 corresponds to the opening and closing of the tank cover 18 with the front side as a fulcrum, and is formed obliquely so as to become higher toward the rear side so that a hook 23 described later is engaged at a substantially right angle. . Thereby, the hook 23 can be smoothly engaged with the catch 20, and rattling in the engaged state can also be suppressed.

  Reference numeral 21 denotes a hook assembly provided on the tank cover 18 serving as an opening / closing cover. The hook assembly 21 includes a support member 22, a hook 23, a release operation button 24, a catch guide, which will be described later, as shown in FIGS. 26 and the like are integrally assembled to form a single assembly. Thereby, since the hook assembly 21 can assemble | assemble a fine component to the support member 22 previously, assembly workability | operativity can be improved.

  Reference numeral 22 denotes a support member that serves as an attachment base of the hook assembly 21, and the support member 22 attaches the hook 23, the release operation button 24, and the like to the tank cover 18. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the support member 22 is attached to a hook support portion 22A formed by bending a rectangular plate body into a U shape, and a bottom portion 22A1 of the hook support portion 22A. Mounting plate 22B. Here, out of the pair of vertical plates 22A2 forming the hook support portion 22A, one vertical plate 22A2 is provided with a support shaft 22C that supports the hook 23 so as to be rotatable inwardly. The pair of vertical plates 22A2 are formed with positioning grooves 22D for positioning the catch 20 at substantially the same height as the support shaft 22C.

  On the other hand, an insertion hole 22E for inserting the release operation button 24 is formed in the center of the bottom 22A1 of the hook support 22A and the mounting plate 22B. The support member 22 is bolted to the inner surface of the side surface portion 18A with both side portions of the mounting plate 22B in a state where the insertion holes 22E are aligned with the recessed holes 18C provided in the side surface portion 18A of the tank cover 18.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes a hook provided on the side surface portion 18A of the tank cover 18 via the support member 22. The hook 23 engages with the catch 20 on the revolving frame 5 side when the tank cover 18 is closed. The door opening is regulated. Further, the hook 23 is attached to the support shaft 22C of the support member 22 so that the base end portion 23A is pivotable, and the tip end side extends obliquely toward the rear side so as to intersect the engagement position of the catch 20 at a substantially right angle. ing.

  Further, the hook 23 is provided with a first claw portion 23 </ b> B located substantially in the middle in the length direction, and the first claw portion 23 </ b> B is a substantially triangular protrusion that can be engaged with the catch 20. Is formed. Further, the hook 23 is provided with a second claw portion 23C located on the tip side of the first claw portion 23B, and the second claw portion 23C is substantially the same as the first claw portion 23B. It is formed as a substantially triangular protrusion that can be engaged with the catch 20. The hook 23 is provided with a push-operation pin 23D that is located on the base end 23A side.

  Here, the first claw portion 23B is engaged with the catch 20 when the tank cover 18 is closed to the door closing position shown in FIG. In this case, in order to securely engage the first claw 23B with the catch 20, as shown in FIG. 9, the tank cover 18 is moved downward until the cushion material 17A of the right side cover 17 is deformed, for example. It is necessary to press.

  On the other hand, the second claw portion 23C is engaged with the catch 20 when the tank cover 18 is closed to the half-open position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. In this case, the second claw portion 23 </ b> C can be reliably engaged with the catch 20 simply by closing the tank cover 18 with a light force so as to place the tank cover 18 on the right side cover 17. The half-open position of the tank cover 18 is a position where the second claw portion 23C of the hook 23 is engaged with the catch 20, and the tank cover 18 does not open greatly, but can move freely. .

  Thus, the hook 23 can be locked with the catch 20 in two stages by disposing the first claw part 23B and the second claw part 23C in two stages on the hook 23. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, when the first claw portion 23B is not sufficiently engaged with the catch 20 and the first claw portion 23B is detached from the catch 20 during traveling or work, the state shown in FIG. As shown, the catch 20 can be engaged with the second claw portion 23C provided on the tip side of the hook 23 relative to the first claw portion 23B. Thereby, it can control that the tank cover 18 opens more largely than a half open position.

  Further, when the tank cover 18 is closed or half-opened, as shown in FIG. 7, the tips of the first claw part 23B and the second claw part 23C forming the hook 23 are V-shaped of the catch guide 26 described later. It reaches the position overlapping the linear guide portion 26B on the opposite side beyond the groove 26C. Thereby, the catch 20 can be reliably engaged with each of the claw portions 23B and 23C so as not to be displaced and fall off. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the hook 23 is rotated in the release direction by the release operation button 24, the tips of the claw portions 23B and 23C are retracted from the V-shaped groove 26C to the curved guide portion 26A side. The tank cover 18 can be opened by releasing the engagement between the catch 20 and the claw portions 23B and 23C.

  Reference numeral 24 denotes a release operation button as a release operation member provided on the support member 22. The release operation button 24 moves the hook 23 on the side opposite to the engagement direction in order to release the engagement of the hook 23 with the catch 20. It is to rotate. As shown in FIG. 7, the release operation button 24 is attached to the inner side of the support member 22 so as to surround the button portion 24A inserted from the inner side into the insertion hole 22E of the support member 22 and the button portion 24A. Case 24B, a push plate 24C attached to the distal end side of the button portion 24A protruding from the case 24B and extending in the diameter direction of the button portion 24A, and urging the button portion 24A toward the proximal end side The spring member 24D is configured roughly.

  Here, in the release operation button 24, the button portion 24A also serves as a key cylinder. By inserting an engine key into the button portion 24A and rotating in an arbitrary direction, as shown in FIG. The hook 23 can be released as shown in FIG. 10 only when the button is set to the pin 23D of the hook 23. On the other hand, the opening of the tank cover 18 can be regulated by removing the position of the push plate 24C from the pin 23D of the hook 23 by operating the engine key.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes a return spring that constitutes a part of the hook assembly 21. The return spring 25 is provided so as to be wound around the support shaft 22 </ b> C of the support member 22, and one end of the return spring 25 is hooked on the hook 23. Is hooked to the case 24B of the release operation button 24. When the catch 20 comes into contact with the hook 23 when the tank cover 18 is closed, the return spring 25 rotates the hook 23 toward the release position (position shown in FIG. 10) due to the inclination of the claw portions 23B and 23C. When the catch 20 passes through the claw portions 23B and 23C, it has a spring force that can be returned to the engagement position (position shown in FIG. 9).

  Reference numeral 26 denotes a catch guide attached to the support member 22 along the side surface of the hook 23. The catch guide 26 extends along the thickness direction of one vertical plate 22A2 of the hook support portion 22A as shown in FIG. They are arranged in parallel and extend in parallel with the hook 23 facing each other. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the catch guide 26 has a curved guide portion 26A located closer to the inner side of the tank cover 18 and a straight line located closer to the outer side of the tank cover 18 so as to face the curved guide portion 26A. The guide portion 26B and a V-shaped groove 26C formed between the guide portions 26A and 26B are roughly configured.

  The curved guide portion 26A forming the catch guide 26 has a curved edge portion 26A1 on the V-shaped groove 26C side. The curved edge portion 26A1 is formed so that the opening side of the V-shaped groove 26C is wide on the inside so that the catch 20 can be actively guided (easy to be picked up) when the tank cover 18 is closed. On the other hand, the linear guide portion 26B has a linear edge portion 26B1 on the V-shaped groove 26C side. The straight edge 26B1 can guide the catch 20 inserted into the V-shaped groove 26C straightly toward the deepest portion of the V-shaped groove 26C. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 7, the V-shaped groove 26C has a wide opening on the lower side, and the opening angle θ is set to an angle at which the catch 20 can be easily picked up and smoothly guided. The deepest portion of the V-shaped groove 26 </ b> C substantially coincides with the positioning groove 22 </ b> D (engagement position) of the support member 22.

  Thus, when the tank cover 18 is closed, the catch 20 is inserted into the V-shaped groove 26C of the catch guide 26 so that the catch 20 is engaged with the hook 23 by the curved guide portion 26A and the linear guide portion 26B. It can be guided toward the position, and the catch 20 can be engaged with the first claw portion 23B or the second claw portion 23C.

  At this time, the tip end of the first claw portion 23B and the tip end of the second claw portion 23C overlap with the linear guide portion 26B on the opposite side across the V-shaped groove 26C of the catch guide 26 in the plate thickness direction. Yes. Thus, the catch 20 can be reliably engaged with the claw portions 23B and 23C without the possibility of slipping off from the claw portions 23B and 23C.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the first embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation (operation) of the lock device 19 when the tank cover 18 of the exterior cover 15 is opened and closed will be described.

  First, when opening the tank cover 18 in the closed position, the fingertip is pushed into the recessed hole 18C of the tank cover 18 to push the button portion 24A of the release operation button 24, and the hook 23 is rotated toward the release position. Let Thus, the engagement between the catch 20 and the first claw portion 23B can be released, so that the second claw portion 23C is not engaged, the button portion 24A is kept pressed until the half-open position is passed, By lifting the rear side upward, the tank cover 18 can be greatly opened forward as shown in FIG.

  When the tank cover 18 is opened, inspection work, repair work, fuel supply work for the fuel tank 11, etc. can be performed on the heat exchanger 10, the battery 12, the hydraulic oil tank 14, and the like.

  Next, when the above-described operation is completed, the tank cover 18 is rotated rearward or downward and closed. In the closing operation of the tank cover 18, in order to lock the tank cover 18 in the closed position, it is necessary to securely engage the first claw portion 23 </ b> B provided on the hook 23 of the locking device 19 with the catch 20. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, the tank cover 18 is pressed downward until the cushion material 17 </ b> A of the right side cover 17 is deformed, and the first claw portion 23 </ b> B is securely engaged with the catch 20. At this time, the catch 20 can be accurately guided toward the engagement position of the hook 23 by the catch guide 26.

  On the other hand, in the closing operation of the tank cover 18, as shown in FIG. 11, the engagement of the first claw portion 23B with the catch 20 may be insufficient. In this case, the first claw portion 23 </ b> B of the hook 23 may be detached from the catch 20 due to vibration during traveling or work. However, the hook 23 is provided with a second claw portion 23C on the tip end side relative to the first claw portion 23B, that is, in a direction in which the catch 20 detached from the first claw portion 23B moves relatively. As a result, the second claw portion 23C can engage with the catch 20 as shown in FIG. 12, and can restrict the tank cover 18 from opening more than the half-open position.

  Next, the operation of the hydraulic excavator 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. The operator gets on the cab 6 of the upper swing body 3 and operates a traveling operation lever (not shown) to The traveling body 2 can be moved forward or backward. On the other hand, by operating a working operation lever (not shown), the working device 4 can be moved up and down to perform excavation work of earth and sand.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the hook 23 of the locking device 19 includes the first claw portion 23B that can be engaged with the catch 20 and the front end side of the first claw portion 23B. It is set as the 2 step | paragraph structure which provided the 2nd nail | claw part 23C which is located in and can engage with the catch 20.

  Accordingly, even when the tank cover 18 is closed, the engagement of the first claw portion 23B with the catch 20 is insufficient, and the first claw portion 23B may be detached from the catch 20 due to vibration during traveling or work. Since the second claw portion 23C provided on the tip side of the hook 23 with respect to the first claw portion 23B engages with the catch 20, the opening of the tank cover 18 is regulated by the second claw portion 23C. Can do.

  As a result, the locking device 19 can reliably prevent the tank cover 18 from being inadvertently opened at the time of traveling or working by providing a simple configuration in which the two hooks 23B and 23C are provided on one hook 23. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of parts of the locking device 19 and improve the reliability. In addition, since the lock device 19 has a small number of parts, it can be provided in a small space and can be applied to the ultra-small hydraulic excavator 1 as in the embodiment.

  Further, since the first claw portion 23B of the hook 23 is engaged with the catch 20 when the tank cover 18 is closed to the door closing position shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, the first claw portion 23B is When engaged with the catch 20, the tank cover 18 can be reliably held without rattling in the closed position.

  On the other hand, the second claw portion 23C of the hook 23 can be engaged with the catch 20 when the tank cover 18 is closed to a half-open position (a position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5) which is opened from the closed position. Therefore, even when the tank cover 18 is closed with a light force, the second claw portion 23C can be engaged with the catch 20 without fail. As a result, when the tank cover 18 is closed, the second claw portion 23B can be engaged with the catch 20 at least, and an inadvertent opening of the tank cover 18 can be reliably prevented.

  Also, one hook assembly 21 can be formed by assembling the hook 23, the release operation member 24, the return spring 25, and the catch guide 26 in advance to the support member 22. Thus, by attaching the support member 22 to the tank cover 18, the hook 23, the release operation member 24, the return spring 25, and the catch guide 26 can be easily attached to the tank cover 18, and the assembly workability can be improved. .

  Further, since the catch guide 26 is provided along the side of the hook 23, the catch 20 is directed toward the position where the first claw portion 23B of the hook 23 is engaged by the V-shaped groove 26C of the catch guide 26. I can guide you. Therefore, when the tank cover 18 is closed, the hook 23 and the catch 20 can be reliably engaged at the correct position by the catch guide 26, and the reliability with respect to the opening / closing operation can be improved.

  Further, the catch guide 26 is provided with a V-shaped groove 26C between the curved guide portion 26A and the linear guide portion 26B, and the first claw portion 23B and the second claw portion 23C forming the hook 23 are provided. The tip can be overlapped with the linear guide portion 26B in the thickness direction beyond the V-shaped groove 26C. Thereby, the linear guide part 26B can be reliably engaged so that the catch 20 may not escape from the claw parts 23B and 23C. On the other hand, when the hook 23 is rotated by the release operation button 24, the tips of the claw portions 23B and 23C can be retracted so as to escape from the V-shaped groove 26C, and the catch 20 and the hook 23 are engaged. The tank cover 18 can be opened by releasing.

  Next, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show a second embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the locking device includes a catch provided on the opening / closing cover, a hook whose base end is rotatably provided on the side cover, and engages with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed, and a hook for the catch. The release operation member is configured to rotate the hook in order to release the engagement. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 13, reference numeral 31 denotes a locking device according to the second embodiment provided in place of the locking device 19 according to the first embodiment. The locking device 31 according to the second embodiment is substantially the same as the locking device 19 according to the first embodiment, and includes a catch 32, a support member 34 forming a hook assembly 33, a hook 35, and a release operation button 36. And the catch guide 37 and the like.

  However, the locking device 31 according to the second embodiment is provided such that the catch 32 extends downward on the side surface portion 18A ′ of the tank cover 18 ′ as an opening / closing cover, and includes a support member 34, a hook 35, and a release operation button 36. The hook assembly 33 including the catch guide 37 and the like is provided on the right side cover 17 'as a fixed side member, which is different from the lock device 19 according to the first embodiment.

  Thus, also in the second embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment described above. That is, in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, even when the hook 35 and the like have a simple configuration, the tank cover 18 'opens carelessly during running and work. Can be prevented. Further, the number of parts of the locking device 31 can be reduced, and the reliability can be improved. Furthermore, since the lock device 31 has a small number of parts, it can be provided in a small space.

  In the first embodiment, the case where the catch 20 of the lock device 19 is provided in the hydraulic oil tank 14 that is one of the fixed-side members mounted on the revolving frame 5 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the catch 20 includes the revolving frame 5, structures such as columns and beams that constitute a part of the revolving frame 5, components of the engine 8, the fuel tank 11, the battery 12, It is good also as a structure provided in other fixed side members, such as the right side surface cover 17 of the exterior cover 15. FIG.

  In the first embodiment, a tank cover 18 that covers the upper side of the fuel tank 11, the hydraulic oil tank 14, etc. is illustrated as an open / close cover, and a lock device 19 is provided between the tank cover 18 and the hydraulic oil tank 14. The case where it is provided has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a lock device may be provided between the openable / closable engine cover 16 and the stationary member on the revolving frame 5 side.

  Furthermore, in each embodiment, the hydraulic excavator 1 provided with the crawler type lower traveling body 2 was described as an example of the construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a canopy-type hydraulic excavator, a hydraulic excavator provided with a wheel-type lower traveling body, and the like. Besides, it can be widely applied to other construction machines such as wheel loaders and lift trucks.

1 is a front view showing a hydraulic excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the hydraulic shovel shown in FIG. It is a top view which expands and shows the upper turning body of the state which abbreviate | omitted the cab, the counterweight, the exterior cover, etc. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the state which mounted the fuel tank, the battery, and the hydraulic oil tank on the turning frame. It is a front view of a hydraulic excavator in a state where a tank cover is opened. It is the principal part enlarged view which looked at the state which the catch and hook of a locking device engage from the inner side of a tank cover. It is an expanded sectional view which looked at the hook assembly by a 1st embodiment from the arrow VII-VII direction in FIG. It is the bottom view which looked at the hook assembly from the arrow VIII-VIII direction in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing shown by the door closing position which engaged the 1st nail | claw part of the hook with the catch. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows the state which cancelled | released the engagement of the hook with respect to the catch with the cancellation | release operation button. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows the state with which the engagement of the 1st nail | claw part of the hook with respect to a catch is inadequate. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows in the half open position where the catch removed from the 1st nail | claw part of the hook engaged with the 2nd nail | claw part. It is a front view which shows the hydraulic shovel by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the expanded sectional view which looked at the locking device by 2nd Embodiment from the arrow XIV-XIV direction in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Excavator (construction machine)
2 Lower traveling body (car body)
3 Upper swing body (car body)
4 Working device 5 Turning frame (body frame)
6 Cab 7 Counterweight 8 Engine (fixed side member)
9 Hydraulic pump (fixed side member)
10 Heat exchanger (fixed side member)
11 Fuel tank (fixed side member)
12 Battery (fixed side member)
14 Hydraulic oil tank (fixed side member)
15 Exterior cover 17, 17 'Right side cover (fixed side member)
18, 18 'Tank cover (open / close cover)
19, 31 Lock device 20, 32 Catch 21, 33 Hook assembly 22, 34 Support member 23, 35 Hook 23B First claw portion 23C Second claw portion 24, 36 Release operation button (release operation member)
26, 37 Catch guide 26A Curved guide part 26B Linear guide part 26C V-shaped groove

Claims (6)

A vehicle body frame to which a mounted structure including an engine, a hydraulic oil tank, a fuel tank, and a battery, which form a support structure and drive a hydraulic pump is mounted, and can be opened and closed to the vehicle body frame so as to cover the device mounted on the vehicle body frame In a construction machine comprising: an open / close cover provided; and a lock device that holds the open / close cover in a closed state with respect to the vehicle body frame;
The locking device includes a catch provided on a fixed-side member including the body frame or the mounted device, and a hook that is pivotally provided on the opening / closing cover and engages with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed. And a release operation member for rotating the hook to release the engagement of the hook with the catch,
The hook is provided with a first claw portion that can be engaged with the catch, and a second claw portion that is located on the tip side of the first claw portion and can be engaged with the catch. Construction machine characterized by that.   The first claw portion of the hook engages with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed to the door closing position, and the second claw portion closes the opening / closing cover to a half-open position that is opened from the door closing position. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine is configured to engage with the catch when the machine is engaged.   The support member for supporting the hook and the release operation member as one assembly is provided, and the hook and the release operation member are attached to the opening / closing cover using the support member. Construction machinery.   The construction machine according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein a catch guide that guides the catch toward a position where each hook portion of the hook is engaged is provided at a position along the hook.   A hook assembly is formed by providing the hook and the release operation member with respect to one support member and providing a catch guide for guiding the catch along the rotation direction of the hook. The catch is inserted into a V-shaped groove formed between the two guide portions, and the first claw portion and the second claw portion that form the hook are each provided when the opening / closing cover is in the closed position. The front end of the claw portion is positioned so as to overlap the guide portion beyond the V-shaped groove, and the front end of each claw portion is retracted from the V-shaped groove when the hook is rotated by the release operation member. The construction machine according to claim 1 or 2. A vehicle body frame on which a mounted structure including an engine, a hydraulic oil tank, a fuel tank, and a battery that constitutes a support structure and drives a hydraulic pump is mounted, and a side surface of the vehicle body frame to cover a side surface of the device mounted on the vehicle body frame. A side cover provided as a fixed-side member; an open / close cover provided on the upper side of the side cover so as to cover an upper surface of a device mounted on the body frame; In a construction machine comprising a lock device that holds the door in a closed state with respect to the body frame,
The lock device includes a catch provided on the opening / closing cover, a hook whose base end side is rotatably provided on the side cover and engages with the catch when the opening / closing cover is closed, and engagement of the hook with the catch A release operation member for rotating the hook to release
The hook is provided with a first claw portion that can be engaged with the catch, and a second claw portion that is located on the tip side of the first claw portion and can be engaged with the catch. Construction machine characterized by that.

Images