JP5241443B2 - Opening and closing structure of movable fender - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an open / close structure for a movable fender equipped in a work vehicle such as a wheel loader.

  Conventionally, in a wheel loader, for example, a side cover of a power chamber that houses an engine or the like is provided so as to be able to be opened and closed vertically, and a fender that covers a rear wheel is attached to the side cover, thereby opening and closing the fender together with the side cover. There is something.

  However, this type of fender opening / closing structure has a problem that the operating force for opening the side cover increases when snow is accumulated on the fender or when earth or sand adheres.

  Therefore, the rear end side of the movable fender that can be moved independently of the side cover is assembled to the vehicle body via a hinge, and the movable fender can be turned laterally with the hinge as a fulcrum. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228688 proposes a movable position between a closed position close to the side cover and an open position where a predetermined space exists between the side cover.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-208513

  According to the movable fender opening and closing structure according to Patent Document 1, since the movable fender is opened and closed by rotating the movable fender in the horizontal direction, snow is accumulated on the movable fender or dirt or the like is attached. Even if it does, there is an effect that a large change does not occur in the opening / closing operation force of the movable fender.

  However, the movable fender opening and closing structure according to Patent Document 1 employs a configuration in which the movable fender is opened and closed by rotating the movable fender laterally about a hinge that supports the rear end side of the movable fender. Therefore, when the movable fender is opened, the front end of the movable fender overhangs to the side of the vehicle compared to the rear end, and the space on the side of the vehicle required to open the movable fender to the side of the vehicle is increased. When there is a space limitation, there is a problem that maintenance work of the engine or the like cannot be performed with the movable fender opened laterally.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and can reduce the space on the side of the vehicle that is required when the movable fender is opened on the side of the vehicle for the purpose of maintenance work or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a movable fender opening and closing structure.

To achieve the above object, the movable fender opening and closing structure according to the present invention comprises:
In a wheel fender that is arranged adjacent to a side cover that can be opened and closed on the side of the vehicle body and covers the wheel ,
The wheel fender is fixed to a fender support member provided on the vehicle body and covers a substantially front half of the wheel, and a movable fender that can be opened and closed with one end supported by the fender support member and covering a substantially rear half of the wheel. With a fender,
The fender support member and the movable fender are arranged on the outside of the vehicle body with respect to the first link member and the first link member, and the second link member has a shorter link length than the first link member. The movable fender is movable along the vehicle width direction between a closed position close to the side cover and an open position having a predetermined space between the side cover. It is characterized (first invention).

In the present invention, a neutral position of the movable fender is set between the open position and the closed position, and when the movable fender is positioned on the open position side beyond the neutral position, the movable fender is directed toward the open position. It is preferable to provide an urging means for generating an urging force for moving, and for generating an urging force for moving the movable fender toward the closed position when the movable fender is positioned on the closed position side beyond the neutral position ( Second invention).

  According to the present invention, the movable fender and the fender support member that supports one end side of the movable fender are arranged on the outer side of the vehicle body with respect to the first link member and the first link member. The movable fender is connected to the side cover and is movable in the vehicle width direction between a closed position close to the side cover and an open position with a predetermined space between the side cover. The movable fender can be opened to the side of the vehicle without projecting the other end of the fender to the side of the vehicle as compared with the one end. Therefore, the space on the side of the vehicle required when opening the movable fender to the side of the vehicle for the purpose of maintenance work or the like can be reduced.

The first link member is set longer link length than the second link member, when the movable fender is positioned in the open position, and the link length of the first link member second Depending on the difference between the link length of the link member, the movable fender can be inclined obliquely so that the other end side of the movable fender projects toward the vehicle side rather than the one end side. When in the open position, the movable fender can easily enter and exit from the other end side with respect to a predetermined space formed between the side cover and the movable fender.

  Further, a neutral position of the movable fender is set between the open position and the closed position, and when the movable fender is positioned on the open position side beyond the neutral position, a biasing force that moves the movable fender toward the open position is provided. In addition, when the movable fender is positioned on the closed position side beyond the neutral position, a biasing means for generating a biasing force for moving the movable fender toward the closed position is provided. When the movable fender is located at the closed position, the state at the open position can be stably held by the biasing means. And can be held stably.

  Next, a specific embodiment of a movable fender opening and closing structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is an example in which the present invention is applied to a wheel loader as a work vehicle. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the following description, the front / rear / left / right directions are made to coincide with the front / rear / left / right directions when the operator is seated in the driver's seat.

FIG. 1 is a left side view of a wheel loader according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the left rear wheel fender and shows a state diagram in which the movable fender is located at the closed position.

  A hall loader 1 shown in FIG. 1 is mounted via a front body 2a and a rear body 2b connected by a center hinge 3 so that the body 2 can be bent in the left-right direction, and a front axle (not shown) on the front body 2a. Left and right front wheels 4 and left and right rear wheels 5 mounted on the rear vehicle body 2b via a rear axle (not shown).

A pair of lift arms 6 arranged at a predetermined interval in the left-right direction are attached to the front vehicle body 2a so as to be raised and lowered by a lift cylinder (not shown). A dump cylinder 7 is attached to the front vehicle body 2 a so as to be positioned between the pair of lift arms 6.
The intermediate portions in the front-rear direction of the pair of lift arms 6 are coupled by a beam member (not shown), and a bell crank device 8 is attached to the beam member. Further, excavation / loading buckets 9 are rotatably attached to the tip portions of the pair of lift arms 6.
The bucket 9 and the dump cylinder 7 are connected via a bell crank device 8, and the bucket 9 is rotated when the dump cylinder 7 is expanded and contracted by the action of pressure oil.

A rear body frame 10 constituting the framework of the rear body 2b includes, in order from the front, a cab 11 that constitutes a cab, a hydraulic oil tank 12 that stores hydraulic oil, a power chamber 13 that houses an engine, and a cooling fan device. And the like.
Here, the power chamber 13 has a ceiling surface constituted by a ceiling cover 15 and a side surface constituted by a side cover 16, and the side cover 16 is arranged on the upper portion of the power chamber 13 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. It is supported so that it can be opened and closed in the vertical direction with a support shaft not supported.

  A rear wheel fender 20 is disposed above the rear wheel 5 so as to cover the rear wheel 5. The rear wheel fender 20 is fixed to a fender support member 21 fixed to the rear body frame 10 so as to be positioned above the front portion of the rear wheel 5 by fastening means such as a bolt, and the substantially front half of the rear wheel 5 is The fixed fender 22 which covers and the movable fender 23 which is disposed adjacent to the side cover 16 and covers the substantially rear half of the rear wheel 5 are combined.

As shown in FIG. 2, the movable fender 23 includes a fender frame 24 that forms a framework of the movable fender 23, and a fender skin material 25 that is mounted so as to cover the upper surface side of the fender frame 24. Yes.
A first link member 26 and a second link member 27 are disposed between the front end portion of the fender frame 24 and the rear end portion of the fender support member 21.
The first link member 26 has one end connected to the fender support member 21 by a pin 28 and the other end connected to the fender frame 24 by a pin 29.
The second link member 27 is disposed on the outer side of the rear vehicle body 2 b with respect to the first link member 26, one end portion is connected to the fender support member 21 by a pin 30, and the other end portion is a pin 31 by a fender frame. 24.
The link mechanism 32 including the first link member 26, the second link member 27, and the pins 28 to 31 allows the movable fender 23 to be in a closed position (see FIG. 2) close to the side cover 16 and the side cover. It can be moved along the vehicle width direction between the open position (see FIG. 3) where the maintenance space 33 exists. That is, the movable fender 23, the fixed fender 22, the first link member 26, and the second link member 27 form a four-node link.
Here, the maintenance space 33 is a predetermined space formed between the side cover 16 and the movable fender 23 when the movable fender 23 is in the open position as shown in FIG. Is a space required for opening the side cover 16 and accessing the power chamber 13 to perform maintenance work on equipment such as an engine housed in the power chamber 13.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first link member 26, the link length is set to L _1. On the other hand, the second link member 27 is set to a link length L ₂ shorter than the link length L ₁ of the first link member 26.
Thus, by setting the link length L1 of the _first link member 26 to be longer than the link length L2 of the _second link member 27, the movable fender 23 is brought into the open position as shown in FIG. when it is located, a link length L ₁ of the first link member 26 according to a difference between the link length L ₂ of the second link member 27, the rear end side than the front end of the movable fender 23 The movable fender 23 can be tilted obliquely so as to protrude toward the vehicle side.
Therefore, the operator can easily go in and out from the rear end side of the movable fender 23 with respect to the maintenance space 33.

As shown in FIG. 2, between the first link member 26 and the second link member 27, one end portion is connected to the fender support member 21 by a pin 34 and the other end portion is connected to a fender by a pin 35. A tension coil spring 36 (corresponding to the “biasing means” of the present invention) connected to the frame 24 is disposed.
Here, since the lengths of the first link member 26 and the second link member 27 are different, the length of the tension coil spring 36 varies as the movable fender 23 moves. The tension coil spring 36 has the most extended position of the tension coil spring 36 according to the positional relationship between one end connected to the fender support member 21 by the pin 34 and the other end connected to the fender frame 24 by the pin 35; The positional relationship with the moving position of the movable fender 23 can be arbitrarily set.
The tension coil spring 36 extends most at the neutral position of the movable fender 23 as shown in FIG. 4 set between the open position (see FIG. 3) and the closed position (see FIG. 2) of the movable fender 23. The urging force of the tension coil spring 36 does not act on the movable fender 23 on either the open position side or the closed position side.
When the movable fender 23 located at the neutral position (see FIG. 4) is moved to the open position side, the movable fender 23 is moved from the tension coil spring 36 so as to move the movable fender 23 toward the open position (see FIG. 3). The urging force acts on.
When the movable fender 23 positioned at the neutral position (see FIG. 4) is moved to the closed position side, the movable fender 23 is moved from the tension coil spring 36 so as to move the movable fender 23 toward the closed position (see FIG. 2). The urging force acts on.
Thus, when the movable fender 23 is located at the open position (see FIG. 3), the state in the open position can be stably held by the tension coil spring 36, and the movable fender 23 is closed (see FIG. 3). 2), the tension coil spring 36 can stably hold the state in the closed position.
When the movable fender 23 is in the open position (see FIG. 3), the first link member 26 and the second link member 27 are more than the fender frame 24 than one end connected to the fender support member 21. The other end connected to is located outside the vehicle body. When the movable fender 23 is positioned at the neutral position (see FIG. 4), the first link member 26 and the second link member 27 are positioned substantially along the vehicle body longitudinal direction. When the movable fender 23 is located at the closed position (see FIG. 2), the other end connected to the fender frame 24 is located on the inner side of the vehicle body than the one end connected to the fender support member 21. Yes.

As shown in FIG. 5A, a stopper member 40 is attached to the rear end portion of the movable fender 23 so as to protrude toward the rear body frame 10. A stopper receiving member 41 that receives the stopper member 40 is attached to the rear body frame 10. Thus, when the movable fender 23 is moved to the closed position (see FIG. 2), the stopper member 40 can be brought into contact with the stopper receiving member 41 to reliably stop the movable fender 23 at the closed position.
A closed position locking mechanism 42 is disposed on the rear end side of the movable fender 23 in order to firmly hold the state in which the movable fender 23 is positioned at the closed position (see FIG. 2). The closed position locking mechanism 42 includes a receiving metal 43 attached to the rear body frame 10 and a stopper 44 attached to the fender frame 24. When the movable fender 23 is located at the closed position, the stopper member 40 is provided. Further, a reaction force is obtained on the rear body frame 10 via the stopper receiving member 41 so that the stopper 44 can be hooked on the bracket 43.
As shown in FIG. 5B, an open position locking mechanism 45 is provided on the front end side of the movable fender 23 in order to firmly hold the state where the movable fender 23 is located at the open position (see FIG. 3). Is arranged. The open position locking mechanism 45 includes a striker 46 attached to the first link member 26 and a catcher 47 attached to the fender frame 24. When the movable fender 23 is moved to the open position, the striker 46 is caught by the catcher 47. 47 to be locked.

  In the wheel loader 1 configured as described above, during traveling, as shown in FIG. 2, the movable fender 23 is positioned at the closed position, and the movable fender 23 is moved to the closed position by the closed position lock mechanism 42. Fix it. Even if the closed position lock mechanism 42 is unlocked due to a failure of the closed position lock mechanism 42 or the like, the movable fender 23 is closed and urged by the tension coil spring 36. The movable fender 23 does not open.

When performing maintenance work on equipment such as an engine housed in the power chamber 13, the lock of the closed position lock mechanism 42 is first released, and then the handle 48 attached to the movable fender 23 is grasped to move the movable fender 23 to the vehicle. An operating force that causes the actuator to move sideways is applied to the movable fender 23, and the movable fender 23 is positioned at the open position as shown in FIG. At this time, the striker 46 is engaged with the catcher 47, and the movable fender 23 is fixed at the open position by the open position lock mechanism 45. Even if the open position lock mechanism 45 is unlocked due to a failure of the open position lock mechanism 45 or the like, the movable fender 23 is urged by the tension coil spring 36 so that it can be freely opened. Even if some external force is applied to the movable fender 23, the movable fender 23 does not close.
Thus, the worker can enter the maintenance space 33 from the rear side of the movable fender 23 with peace of mind and open the side cover 16 to perform maintenance work on the engine or the like in the power chamber 13.

  In the state where the movable fender 23 is located at the open position, the rear end side of the movable fender 23 is not extended over the side of the vehicle as compared with the front end side, so that maintenance is provided between the movable fender 23 and the side cover 16. Space 33 can be secured. Therefore, the space on the side of the vehicle required when opening the movable fender 23 to the side of the vehicle for the purpose of maintenance work or the like can be reduced.

  The opening and closing structure of the movable fender of the present invention has been described based on one embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the structure described in the above embodiment, and the structure is appropriately set within the scope not departing from the gist thereof. Can be changed.

The left side view of the wheel loader concerning one embodiment of the present invention. A plan view of the left rear wheel fender, with the movable fender positioned in the closed position A plan view of the left rear wheel fender, with the movable fender positioned in the open position A plan view of the left rear wheel fender, with the movable fender positioned in the neutral position Part A enlarged view (a) of FIG. 2 and Part B enlarged view (b) of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheel loader 2b Rear vehicle body 5 Rear wheel 10 Rear vehicle body frame 16 Side cover 20 Rear wheel fender 21 Fender support member 23 Movable fender 26 First link member 27 Second link member 32 Link mechanism 36 Tension coil spring (biasing means) )
42 Closed position lock mechanism 45 Open position lock mechanism

Claims (2)

In a wheel fender that is arranged adjacent to a side cover that can be opened and closed on the side of the vehicle body and covers the wheel ,
The wheel fender is fixed to a fender support member provided on the vehicle body and covers a substantially front half of the wheel, and a movable fender that can be opened and closed with one end supported by the fender support member and covering a substantially rear half of the wheel. With a fender,
The fender support member and the movable fender are arranged on the outside of the vehicle body with respect to the first link member and the first link member, and the second link member has a shorter link length than the first link member. The movable fender is movable along the vehicle width direction between a closed position close to the side cover and an open position having a predetermined space between the side cover. A movable fender opening and closing structure. The neutral position of the movable fender is set between the open position and the closed position, and when the movable fender is positioned on the open position side beyond the neutral position, the biasing force that moves the movable fender toward the open position 2. The movable fender according to claim 1 , further comprising: an urging unit that emits an urging force that moves the movable fender toward the closed position when the movable fender is positioned closer to the closed position than the neutral position. Opening and closing structure.

Images