JP4872472B2 - Ventilation structure behind the ceiling - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation structure behind a ceiling.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a roof that is configured by continuously forming a roof component made of an extruded shape made of an aluminum alloy that is lightweight but has high strength in the lateral direction. This roof has excellent workability due to the lightweight roof components, and has succeeded in creating a novel and sophisticated image due to the texture of the aluminum alloy. In addition, if the aluminum alloy extruded profile is used as a roof component, it suppresses the generation of volatile organic compounds that cause sick houses, compared to the case where an adhesive-intensive assembly is used as a roof component. Therefore, a healthy indoor space can be formed.

  In addition, the roof constituent material according to Patent Document 1 includes a strip-shaped outer shell plate serving as a roof surface, and a first joint plate provided along one end portion in the short direction of the outer shell plate. And a second joint plate provided along the other end in the short direction of the outer shell plate, and is configured in a groove shape that opens downward, and each joint plate is adjacent to another adjacent roof. It is connected with the joint plate of the component material. Moreover, the plate-shaped ceiling constituent material that is the upper limit of the indoor space is directly stretched to the lower end portion of the joint plate.

JP 2005-350936 A

  When the roof component is made of aluminum alloy with good thermal conductivity, especially in winter, the indoor air with moisture is cooled by the roof component, and condensation occurs on the indoor side (back of the ceiling) of the roof component. End up. In order to suppress the occurrence of condensation on the back of the ceiling, it is only necessary to improve the ventilation of the back of the ceiling. However, in the roof of Patent Document 1, the ceiling constituent material is arranged so as to cover the opening of the groove portion of the roof constituent material. Therefore, the ventilation in the groove width direction is poor, and condensation is likely to occur.

  The above-described problem is not limited to the case where the roof constituent material is made of an aluminum alloy, but also applies to the case where the roof material is made of steel or other metal.

  From this point of view, the present invention is a ventilating structure on the back of the ceiling formed on the indoor side of the roof formed by connecting a plurality of metal roof components having a groove portion opened downward in the groove width direction. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure for the back of the ceiling that can suppress the occurrence of condensation on the back of the ceiling.

The present invention, which has been created to solve such problems, includes a wall body formed by connecting a plurality of metal wall components having a groove portion that opens to the indoor side in the groove width direction, and a downward opening. A roof formed by connecting a plurality of metal roof components having groove portions in the groove width direction, a plurality of spacers arranged side by side under the roof, and a cover under the spacers The above-mentioned spacer is arranged along the groove width direction of the roof component, and the air flow path is provided on both sides of the spacer. A ventilation passage is formed, an end of the roof component is connected to an upper end of the wall component, and the groove of the wall component communicates with the ventilation passage. And

  In this way, air flows not only in the extending direction (longitudinal direction) of the groove portion of the roof constituent material but also in the groove width direction (short direction), so that the ventilation of the ceiling is improved, It becomes possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation.

  In addition, when the roof surface of the roof is inclined in the groove width direction of the roof constituent material, the ventilation passage is formed along the inclination direction of the roof surface. Since gravity ventilation (natural ventilation) is actively performed due to the height difference of the ventilation passage, mechanical equipment such as a ventilation fan can be omitted.

  When the ventilation passage is formed along the inclination direction of the roof surface, the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the ventilation passage may be communicated outdoors. If it does in this way, since gravity ventilation will become still more active and wind ventilation will be performed with the wind which sprayed on the building, the ventilation of a ceiling back will become much better.

  In addition, the said spacer is good to arrange | position so that it may straddle the said several roof structural material. If it does in this way, it will become possible to perform the installation operation of a spacer efficiently.

  As long as the roof component has a groove portion that opens downward, the form is not particularly limited, but a strip-shaped outer shell plate that is a part of the roof surface, and a short of the outer shell plate. A first joint plate provided along one end portion in the hand direction and a second joint plate provided along the other end portion in the short direction of the outer shell plate. Is desirable. If it does in this way, when a plurality of roof constituent materials are arranged side by side, since joint plates will face each other, it becomes possible to easily connect adjacent roof constituent materials. In addition, when the roof component material has the joint board, it is good to attach the said spacer to the lower end surface of the said joint board. In this case, since the spacer does not enter the groove portion of the roof constituent material, the movement of air in the extending direction of the groove portion of the roof constituent material becomes difficult to be hindered. It will be good.

  Moreover, when a stiffening material is interposed between the adjacent roof constituent materials, a highly rigid roof can be obtained. The stiffener includes a sandwiching portion that is sandwiched between the joint plate of one of the roof constituent members and the joint plate of the other roof constituent member, and a projecting portion that protrudes below the sandwiching portion. It is desirable to have In this case, the spacer may be attached to the joint plate through the protrusion. If it does in this way, since the space of a ceiling back increases and the cross-sectional area of a ventilation channel increases, the ventilation of a ceiling back will become favorable.

  If the roof component is formed of an extruded shape made of an aluminum alloy, it is possible to take advantage of the advantages of the aluminum alloy that it is lightweight but has high strength and is difficult to corrode. As a result, it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of the volatile organic compound used, so that a healthy indoor space can be constructed.

  According to the ventilation structure of the back of the ceiling according to the present invention, even when the ceiling component material is laid on the lower side of the roof formed by connecting the metal roof component material having a groove portion opened downward, Since the ventilation of the back of the ceiling becomes good, it becomes possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, the “depth direction” refers to a direction K2 when the maximum inclination direction K1 (flow direction) of the roof surface is projected onto a horizontal plane (see FIG. 2). “Side view” refers to viewing the object from a direction orthogonal to the depth direction (the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 2), and “plan view” refers to viewing the top surface of the object from the vertical direction. (In the direction of arrow Z in FIG. 4).

(Building structure)
First, the building T provided with the ceiling ventilation structure concerning this embodiment is demonstrated in detail. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the building T includes a pair of wall bodies 1 and 1 erected opposite to each other, a roof 2 covered between the upper sides of the wall bodies 1 and 1, a wall And a floor body 3 arranged between the lower sides of the bodies 1 and 1. The building T is a building based on an isosceles trapezoid, and the wall body 1, the roof 2, and the floor body 3 each have an isosceles trapezoid shape. The wall body 1, the roof 2, and the floor body 3 are exterior materials and are main structures of the building T. As schematically shown in FIG. 2, the building T includes an angle A formed by the pair of oblique sides 1 s and 1 s of the wall body 1, an angle B formed by the pair of oblique sides 2 s and 2 s of the roof 2, and the floor. The angles C formed by the pair of hypotenuses 3s and 3s of the body 3 are all equal. That is, A = B = C = θ ′ (degrees). When the angle formed by the roof surface and the horizontal plane is θ (degrees), the angle θ ′ (degrees) has the following relationship.
sin (θ / 2) = (sin (A / 2)) / (cos (B / 2)) = tan (θ ′ / 2)
Hereinafter, the angle θ (degrees) formed by the roof surface and the horizontal plane is referred to as “roof inclination angle θ (degrees)” or simply “θ (degrees)”.

  FIG. 1B is a development view of the building T. As shown in FIG. 1, the wall body 1 includes a plurality of long members 10 (hereinafter referred to as “wall constituent members 10”). The roof 2 is configured by connecting a plurality of long materials 20 (hereinafter referred to as “roof constituent material 20”) without gaps in the short direction. The floor 3 is configured by connecting a plurality of long members 30 (hereinafter referred to as “floor constituent members 30”) in the short direction without gaps.

  In other words, as shown in FIG. 3, the building T includes a plurality of units U <b> 1 formed in a frame shape by a pair of wall constituent members 10, 10, a roof constituent member 20, and a floor constituent member 30 without a gap in the depth direction. It can be said that they are constructed in a row.

  In the following description, when distinguishing one constituent material from another constituent material adjacent to the front side or another constituent material adjacent to the back side, the reference numeral “′” or “ "" Is attached.

  As shown in FIG. 1B and FIG. 2, the wall body 1 has a short side 1 t located on the long side 3 u side of the floor body 3, and a long side 1 u located on the short side 3 t side of the floor body 3. It is erected to do. FIG. 4 is a side view of the building T (side view when the building T is viewed from a direction orthogonal to the depth direction). As shown in this figure, the wall body 1 has an upper side and a lower side as diagonal sides. The upper side is inclined at a roof inclination angle θ (degrees) with respect to the horizontal line h, and its two parallel sides (short side 1t, long side 1u) are with respect to the vertical line v. It is inclined to the back side by an angle θ / 2 (degrees).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the wall constituting member 10 has an isosceles trapezoidal shape in a side view, and the length dimension of the middle line p gradually decreases from the front side toward the back side. That is, the two parallel sides of the wall constituent material 10 have the same long side as the short side of the other wall constituent material 10 'adjacent to the front side, and the short side on the back side. The length is the same as the long side of the other adjacent wall constituent member 10 ″. The length dimension of the middle line p of one wall constituent member 10 is the width dimension when viewed in the development view as DW. Then, it is smaller by 2DW × tan (θ ′ / 2) than other wall constituent members 10 ′ adjacent to the front side.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the wall constituting member 10 includes a strip-shaped outer shell plate 13, a front joint plate 11 provided along one end of the outer shell plate 13 in the short direction, It comprises a rear joint plate 12 provided along the other end of the shell plate 13 in the short direction, and has a U-shaped cross section. That is, the wall constituting material 10 includes an outer shell plate 13, and a front joint plate 11 and a rear joint plate 12 that are disposed to face each other with a gap in the short direction of the outer shell plate 13. As shown in FIG. 7A, the joint plates 11 and 12 and the outer shell plate 13 form a groove portion 10a that opens to the indoor side. The cross-sectional dimensions and shapes of the wall constituent members 10, 10,... Are the same regardless of the position.

  As shown in FIG. 7C, the front joint plate 11 and the rear joint plate 12 are inclined by an angle θ / 2 (degrees) with respect to a plane perpendicular to the outer shell plate 13, respectively. Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the joint plates 11 and 12 are each formed with a step, and the rear joint plate 12 of one wall constituent member 10 is connected to the other wall constituent member 10 ". The front joint plate of the rear joint plate 12 of one wall constituent member 10 (hereinafter referred to as “rear joint end surface 12a”) and the other wall constituent member 10 ″ when abutted against the front joint plate 11 11 is opposed to the outer surface 11a (hereinafter referred to as "front-side joining end surface 11a") with a gap. That is, the wall constituent material 10 has a front joint end face 11a and a rear joint end face 12a parallel to each other at the front and rear edges thereof, and the other wall constituent material 10 "adjacent to the rear joint end face 12a. It is joined to the other wall constituent material 10 ″ in a state of being in contact with the front joining end face 11a.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, both joint plates 11 and 12 have their tip portions 11b and 12b bent inward. The bent tip portions 11b and 12b are used when attaching an interior material or the like. This also has the advantage that the cross-sectional performance of the wall component 10 is improved, and further, when the wall component 10 is formed of an extruded profile, the extrusion accuracy of the extruded profile is improved. Further, both joint plates 11 and 12 of the wall constituent material 10 are end portions in the longitudinal direction so as not to interfere with both joint plates 21 and 22 of the roof constituent material 20 and both joint plates 31 and 32 of the floor constituent material 30. (Parts denoted by reference numerals 11c and 12c in FIG. 6) are excised.

  The outer shell plate 13 is a part of the wall surface, and as shown in FIG. 5, has an isosceles trapezoidal shape having the upper side 10t and the lower side 10u as hypotenuses. When the wall component 10 is viewed from the side, the angle formed by the upper side 10t of the outer shell plate 13 and the middle line p is 90-θ / 2 (degrees), and similarly, the lower side 10u and the middle line p are formed. The angle is 90−θ / 2 (degrees). The wall constituent material 10 is erected so that the outer shell plate 13 is located in a plane perpendicular to the floor constituent material 30 and including a hypotenuse 30t (see FIG. 10) of the floor constituent material 30. However, since the angle formed by the lower side 10u and the middle line p is 90-θ / 2 (degrees), the middle line p is vertical line v (or vertical if the floor 3 is horizontal) in the plane described above. The upper side 10t is inclined at θ (degrees) with respect to the horizontal line h. Further, when the wall constituent material 10 is viewed from the side, the angle formed by the pair of oblique sides (upper side 10t, lower side 10u) of the outer shell plate 13 is equal to the roof inclination angle θ (degrees). As seen from the developed view, the angle formed by the pair of oblique sides (upper side 10t, lower side 10u) of the outer shell plate 13 is equal to the angle θ ′ (degree) (see FIG. 2).

  As shown in FIG. 6, a flat stiffener 41 is interposed between the wall constituent members 10 and 10 adjacent in the short direction. More specifically, the stiffener 41 is interposed between the rear joint plate 12 of one wall constituent member 10 and the front joint plate 11 of the other wall constituent member 10.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (b), the stiffener 41 is a front side of the rear joint plate 12 (the rear joint end face 12a) of one wall constituent member 10 and another wall constituent member 10 ″ adjacent thereto. It is formed to a thickness that fits in a gap formed between the joint plate 11 (front-side joining end surface 11a), and the rear joint plate 12 of one wall component 10 and the other wall component 10 ″. The rib R1 is configured together with the front joint plate 11. That is, the rear joint plate 12 of one wall constituent member 10 and the front joint plate 11 and the stiffener 41 of the other wall constituent member 10 ″ adjacent to the wall joint member 10 on the boundary surface of the wall constituent members 10 and 10 ″. A rib R1 is formed along the line. In each of the wall constituent members 10, both joint plates 11 and 12 formed along the longitudinal direction function as “ribs” alone, but form the rib R 1 integrally with the stiffener 41. Thus, the rigidity of the unit U1 (see FIG. 3) can be further improved. Further, if the stiffener 41 which is a member different from the wall constituent material 10 is used as described above, even if the installation conditions of the wall constituent material 10 are different, it is easy to change the rigidity of the stiffener 41. Can respond.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, between the front joint plate 11 of one wall constituent material 10 and the rear joint plate 12 of the other wall constituent material 10 ′, the wall constituent material 10 and the roof constituent material 20. A connecting member 51 having an L-shape is interposed in a boundary portion with (see FIG. 3), and similarly, a boundary portion between the wall constituent member 10 and the floor constituent member 30 (see FIG. 3) has an L portion. A connecting member 52 having a letter shape is interposed. And the wall component 10 and the roof component 20 are rigidly joined by the connecting member 51, and the wall component 10 and the floor component 30 are rigidly joined by the connecting member 52, so that the unit U1 ( (See FIG. 3).

  As shown in FIG. 8, the roof component 20 has an isosceles trapezoidal shape in plan view, and the length dimension of the middle line p is gradually reduced from the back side to the front side. That is, the two parallel sides of the roof component 20 have the same short side as the long side of the other roof component 20 ′ adjacent to the front side, and the long side on the back side. It has the same length as the short side of the other adjacent roof constituent material 20 ″. The length dimension of the middle line p of one roof constituent material 20 is the width dimension when viewed in the developed view. Then, it is larger by 2DR × tan (θ ′ / 2) than other roof components 20 adjacent to the front side.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, the roof component 20 is provided along a strip-shaped outer shell plate 23 (see FIG. 8) and one end of the outer shell plate 23 in the short direction. A front joint plate 21 as a first joint plate and a rear joint plate 22 as a second joint plate provided along the other end of the outer shell plate 23 in the short direction. ing. That is, the roof component member 20 includes an outer shell plate 23, and a front joint plate 21 and a rear joint plate 22 that are arranged with a space in the short direction of the outer shell plate 23. The joint plates 21 and 22 and the outer shell plate 23 form a groove 20a that opens downward (inside the room). The cross-sectional dimensions and shapes of the roof constituent members 20, 20,... Are all the same regardless of the position.

  The front joint plate 21 and the rear joint plate 22 are inclined by an angle θ / 2 (degrees) with respect to a plane perpendicular to the outer shell plate 23, as shown in FIG. y is equal to the separation distance x of both the joint plates 11 and 12 of the wall constituent material 10 shown in FIG. That is, the front joint plate 21 and the rear joint plate 22 are arranged in parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the outer shell plate 23. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, the joint plates 21 and 22 are respectively provided with steps, and the rear joint plate 22 of one roof component 20 is connected to the other roof component 20 ″. When faced with the front joint plate 21, the outer surface 22a of the rear joint plate 22 of one roof component 20 (hereinafter referred to as "rear joint end surface 22a") and the front joint plate 21 of the other wall component 20 ". The outer surface 21a (hereinafter referred to as “front-side joining end surface 21a”) is opposed to the outer surface 21a. That is, the roof component 20 has a front joint end surface 21a and a rear joint end surface 22a which are parallel to each other at the front and rear edges thereof, and another roof component 20 "adjacent to the rear joint end surface 22a. Are joined to the other roof constituent material 20 "in a state of being in contact with the front joining end face 21a.

  In addition, as shown in FIG.9 (c), both the joint plates 21 and 22 have the front-end | tip parts 21b and 22b bent inside. The bent tip portions 21b and 22b are used when attaching an interior material or the like. In addition, in this way, the cross-sectional performance of the roof component 20 is improved, and further, when the roof component 20 is formed of an extruded shape, there is an advantage that the extrusion accuracy of the extruded shape is improved. Similarly to the wall constituent material 10 shown in FIG. 6, both joint plates 21 and 22 of the roof constituent material 20 have their longitudinal ends cut off.

  The outer shell plate 23 is a part of the roof surface. As shown in FIG. 8, the outer shell plate 23 has an isosceles trapezoidal shape with sides 20t and 20u contacting the upper side 10t (see FIG. 5) of the wall constituting material 10 as hypotenuses. Presents. When the roof component 20 is viewed in plan, the angle formed between the side 20t (20u) of the outer shell plate 23 and the middle line p is 90−θ / 2 (degrees). That is, the angle formed by the pair of oblique sides (sides 20t, 20u) of the outer shell plate 23 is equal to the roof inclination angle θ (degrees). As seen from the developed view, the angle formed by the pair of oblique sides (sides 20t, 20u) of the outer shell plate 23 is equal to the angle θ ′ (degrees) (see FIG. 2). As shown to (a) of FIG. 9, the outer shell board 23 is arrange | positioned so that the transversal direction (groove width direction of the roof structural member 20) may become the largest inclination direction K1. That is, the roof constituent material 20 is disposed such that the groove width direction thereof is the maximum inclination direction K1 of the roof surface.

  As shown in FIG. 9B, a stiffener 42 is interposed between the roof constituent materials 20 and 20 adjacent in the short direction. The stiffener 42 is interposed between the rear joint plate 22 of one roof component 20 and the front joint plate 21 of the other roof component 20 ″, and the rear side of one roof component 20 The rib R2 is configured together with the joint plate 22 and the front joint plate 21 of the other roof constituent member 20 ″. Since the configuration and function of the stiffener 42 are the same as those of the stiffener 41 described above, detailed description is omitted, but the stiffener 42 that is a separate member from the roof constituent 20 is used. Even if the installation conditions of the roof component 20 are different, it can be easily handled by changing the rigidity of the stiffener 42. That is, it is possible to change the rigidity of the roof 2 (see FIG. 1) without changing the cross-sectional shape of the roof constituting material 20 only by appropriately adjusting the cross-sectional shape of the stiffener 42.

  Also, between the rear joint plate 22 of one roof component 20 and the front joint plate 21 of the other roof component 20 ″, the wall component 10 and the roof component 20 (see FIG. 5). A connecting member 51 (see FIG. 6) having an L shape is interposed at the boundary portion.

  The floor component 30 shown in FIG. 10 is the same as the roof component 20 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. That is, it has an isosceles trapezoidal shape with the side in contact with the lower side 10u (see FIG. 5) of the wall constituting member 10 as a hypotenuse, and the front joint plate 31 and the rear joint plate arranged parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction thereof. 32 (see FIG. 9) and an outer shell plate 33 disposed between the joint plates 31 and 32. Further, the joint plates 31 and 32 are inclined by an angle θ / 2 (degrees) with respect to a plane perpendicular to the outer shell plate 33 (see FIG. 9C).

  A flat stiffener 43 is interposed between the front joint plate 31 of one floor component 30 and the rear joint plate 32 of the other floor component 30 '. The stiffener 43 together with the front joint plate 31 of one floor component 30 and the rear joint plate 32 of the other floor component 30 'constitutes a rib R3. In addition, since the structure and function of the stiffener 43 are the same as those of the stiffeners 41 and 42 described above, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Further, between the front joint plate 31 of one floor constituent member 30 and the rear joint plate 32 of the other floor constituent member 30 ′, the boundary portion between the wall constituent member 10 and the floor constituent member 30 is A connecting member 52 (see FIG. 6) having an L shape is interposed.

  When the wall constituent material 10, the roof constituent material 20, and the floor constituent material 30 are formed according to the rules described above, their cross-sectional shapes and dimensions can be made the same. In other words, the wall constituent material 10, the roof constituent material 20, and the floor constituent material 30 can be formed from one type of shape. That is, the profile having the cross section shown in FIG. 7C is inclined by an angle θ ′ / 2 (degrees) (θ / 2 (degrees when viewed in plan)) with respect to the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Since each component 10, 20, and 30 can be formed only by cut | disconnecting on a surface, it is very economical.

  Moreover, when the wall component 10, the roof component 20, and the floor component 30 are formed according to the rules described above, the front joint plate 11 of the wall component 10, the front joint plate 21 of the roof component 20, and the floor configuration, respectively. The front joint plate 31 of the material 30 is located on the same plane, and the rear joint plate 12 of the wall constituent material 10, the rear joint plate 22 of the roof constituent material 20, and the rear side of the floor constituent material 30. Since the joint plate 32 is located on the same plane, the rib R1 (see FIG. 7B) between the wall constituent members 10 and 10 ″ and the rib R2 (see FIG. 9) between the roof constituent members 20 and 20 ″. (B)) and the rib R3 (see FIG. 10) between the floor components 30, 30 ″ are also formed on the same plane (hereinafter, the ribs R1, R2, R3 are collectively referred to as “rib R”). Called). The rib R particularly improves the in-plane rigidity (shear rigidity) of the unit U1, and such ribs R are formed at a plurality of locations at predetermined intervals in the depth direction. Therefore, it can be said that the building T has very high rigidity. The plurality of ribs R are parallel to each other.

  Furthermore, in the unit U1, the wall constituent material 10 is an isosceles trapezoid whose upper side 10t and lower side 10u (see FIG. 5) are hypotenuses, and the roof constituent material 20 and the floor constituent material 30 are the same. Therefore, the joint structure between the wall constituent member 10 and the roof constituent member 20 and the joint structure between the wall constituent member 10 and the floor constituent member 30 are the same.

  The wall constituent member 10, the roof constituent member 20, and the floor constituent member 30 can be easily configured by using a metal shape, but preferably, an extruded shape made of an aluminum alloy is used. It is preferable to do. Forming the roof component 20 or the like with an extruded shape made of an aluminum alloy makes it possible to take advantage of the aluminum alloy that is lightweight but has high strength and is resistant to corrosion. Since the amount of the volatile organic compound used can be greatly reduced, a healthy indoor space can be constructed.

(Building method)
Next, an example of the construction method of the building T will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the rear joint plate 32 of the floor constituent member 30 ′ constituting the unit U1 ′ adjacent to the front side joint plate 31 of the floor constituent member 30 of the unit U1 already assembled in a frame shape is abutted.

  Then, the front side joining end face 31a (see FIG. 9B) of the floor constituent material 30 of the unit U1 and the rear side joining end face 32a (see FIG. 9B) of the floor constituent material 30 ′ of the unit U1 ′. A plate-shaped stiffener 43 is interposed in the gap formed between them, and a connecting member 52 is interposed at the boundary with the wall constituent material 10, and these are integrated with bolts B1 and nuts N1. To do.

  Next, the rear joint plate 12 (rear joint end face 12a) of the wall constituent member 10 ′ of the unit U1 ′ is abutted against the front joint plate 11 of the wall constituent member 10 of the unit U1, and the wall constituent member of the unit U1. 10 in the gap formed between the front joint end surface 11a of 10 (see FIG. 7B) and the rear joint end surface 12a of the wall constituting member 10 ′ of the unit U1 ′ (see FIG. 7B). In addition, a connecting member 51 (see FIG. 6) is interposed at a boundary portion with the roof constituent member 20 (see FIG. 3), and these are connected with bolts B1 and nuts N1. Integrate.

  Similarly, although not shown, the rear joint plate 22 of the roof component 20 ′ of the unit U1 ′ is abutted against the front joint plate 21 of the roof component 20 of the unit U1, and a stiffener 42 is interposed therebetween. Then, these are integrated with bolts and nuts (see (a) and (b) of FIG. 9).

  Such operations are sequentially repeated, and a predetermined number of units U1 are continuously arranged in the depth direction with no gap to form a cylindrical structure.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), a front boundary 61 for separating the indoor and the outdoor is appropriately provided in the opening on the front side, and as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the opening on the back side is provided. A rear boundary 62 that separates the indoor and the outdoor is provided in the section. In addition, the front side boundary part 61 and the rear side boundary part 62 are comprised by an outer wall, a window, a door, etc.

  Then, while forming partition walls, lofts, etc. indoors, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), a wall finishing material 63 is pasted on the wall body 1, and as shown in FIG. 12 (b), When the spacer 7 (see FIG. 13) and the ceiling component 8 which will be described later are attached to the lower side of the roof 2 and the floor finishing material 64 is attached to the upper side of the floor body 3, the construction of the building T is completed. In the building T, the wall constituent material 10, the roof constituent material 20, and the floor constituent material 30 that are structural materials also serve as exterior materials.

  In this way, the building T has a novel design in which the ceiling height and width are gradually increased and decreased by simply connecting a plurality of wall components 10, roof components 20, and floor components 30 formed according to a predetermined rule without gaps. Can be easily constructed. Moreover, since the joint structure between the wall constituent material 10 and the roof constituent material 20 and the joint structure between the wall constituent material 10 and the floor constituent material 30 are the same, assembly work can be performed quickly. Furthermore, since the wall constituent material 10, the roof constituent material 20, and the floor constituent material 30 can be formed from one type of extruded shape material, it is very economical.

  In the present embodiment, for example, when a plurality of roof components 20, 20,... Are arranged side by side, the rear of another roof component 20 adjacent to the front joint plate 21 of one roof component 20. Since the side joint plate 22 faces each other, it is possible to easily connect the adjacent roof constituent materials 20 and 20 to each other.

  In addition, the construction procedure of the building T is not limited to that described above, and may be changed as appropriate. For example, the floor body 3 is configured by connecting a plurality of floor constituent materials 30 in the depth direction, and then the wall body 1 configured by connecting the plurality of wall constituent materials 10 in the depth direction is the hypotenuse of the floor body 1. Then, a procedure may be used in which the roof 2 configured by connecting a plurality of roof components 20 in the depth direction is covered between the wall bodies 1 and 1.

(Ventilation structure behind the ceiling)
Next, a ventilation structure 100 behind the ceiling according to the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “ventilation structure 100”) will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 13, the ventilation structure 100 has an aluminum alloy roof component 20, 20,... Having a groove 20a (see FIG. 9 (a)) that opens downward in the groove width direction (short direction). ) And a plurality of spacers 7, 7,... Arranged below the roof 2, and a ceiling structure covering the spacers 7, 7,. It is comprised with the material 8,8, .... As described above, the roof surface of the roof 2 is inclined in the groove width direction (short direction) of the roof component 20.

  The spacer 7 is disposed along the groove width direction (short direction) of the roof constituting material 20, and in the present embodiment, the spacer 7 is made of bar-shaped wood (square material) having a rectangular cross section. In the present embodiment, the groove width direction of the roof component 20 and the maximum inclination direction K1 of the roof surface (see (a) of FIG. 9) coincide with each other, and therefore the spacer 7 extends in the maximum inclination direction K1 of the roof surface. Will be placed along. As shown in FIG. 14, the spacer 7 is arrange | positioned so that the some roof structural material 20, 20, ... may be straddled. In this embodiment, the plurality of spacers 7, 7,... Arranged in parallel on the front side of the center portion of the roof 2 and the plurality of spacers 7, 7,. It has become. That is, another spacer 7 adjacent in the depth direction is arranged at a position shifted laterally from the extended line of the spacer 7. As shown in FIG. 15A, the spacer 7 is attached to the lower end surfaces of the front joint plate 21 and the rear joint plate 22 (more specifically, the lower surfaces of the tip portions 21b and 22b). The spacer 7 is fixed to the roof constituting material 20 by means such as screwing.

  As shown in FIG. 15B, the spacers 7, 7,... Are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the roof component 20, and air flow paths are provided on both sides of each spacer 7. A ventilation passage 70 is formed. As shown in FIG. 15A, since the spacer 7 is disposed along the maximum inclination direction K1 of the roof surface, the ventilation passage 70 is also formed along the maximum inclination direction K1 of the roof surface. Will be.

  The ventilation passage 70 is continuous from the front boundary portion 61 to the rear boundary portion 62 shown in FIG. 12B, and has an upper end portion (an end portion on the front boundary portion 61 side) and a lower end portion (the rear boundary portion). The end on the 62 side communicates with the outdoors.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the upper end portion of the ventilation passage 70 communicates with the outdoors via a communication passage 71 formed between the roof component 20 and the front boundary portion 61. In the present embodiment, the communication path 71 positions the front boundary 61 between the front joint plate 21 and the rear joint plate 22 of the roof component 20, and the upper end surface 61 a of the front boundary 61 is a roof component. It is formed by facing the 20 outer shell plates 23 with a gap. A nose cover plate 65 for preventing rainwater from being blown into the communication passage 71 is disposed on the outdoor side of the front boundary portion 61. The nose cover plate 65 is attached to an eaves ceiling material 66 that is covered under the roof constituting material 20 that is located on the outdoor side of the front boundary 61.

  Although illustration is omitted, the lower end portion of the ventilation passage 70 is also communicated with the outdoors via a communication passage formed between the roof component 20 and the rear boundary portion 62.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the ceiling component material 8 is a plate-like member. As shown in FIG. 15A, in the present embodiment, the ceiling component material 8 formed by laminating the base material 81, the heat insulating material 82, the finishing material 83, and the like is illustrated, but the configuration of the ceiling component material 8 is illustrated. It is not intended to be limited.

  According to the ventilation structure 100 described above, not only the extending direction of the groove portion 20a of the roof component 20 (the dotted arrow direction in FIG. 15B) but also the groove width direction (the hollow arrow direction in FIG. 15A). ) Also circulates, the ventilation of the back of the ceiling is improved, and the occurrence of condensation on the back of the ceiling can be suppressed. That is, according to the ventilation structure 100, air flows in the ventilation passage 70 secured between the roof component 20 and the ceiling component 8 in addition to the groove 20 a of the roof component 20.

  In this embodiment, the ventilation passage 70 inclined along the roof surface is formed by arranging the spacers 7, 7,... Along the inclination direction of the roof surface. Gravity ventilation (natural ventilation) is actively performed, and as a result, mechanical equipment such as a ventilation fan can be omitted.

  Further, since the wooden spacer 7 having a low thermal conductivity is interposed between the roof component 20 and the ceiling component 8, heat transfer from the roof component 20 to the ceiling component 8 is mitigated, and heat insulation is performed. Improves. In particular, in this embodiment, since the contact area between the spacer 7 and the roof constituent material 20 is reduced by making the spacer 7 orthogonal to the roof constituent material 20, the heat transfer amount from the roof constituent material 20 to the spacer 7 is also reduced. As a result, the thermal insulation is further improved.

  In the present embodiment, since the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation passage 70 are communicated with the outdoors, as shown in FIG. 17, the air that has flowed into the back of the ceiling from the rear end of the building T It moves along the tilt direction and flows out from the front end of the building T. That is, gravity ventilation is performed more actively. Further, by connecting the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation passage 70 to the outdoors, wind ventilation is performed by the wind blown on the building, so that the ventilation of the back of the ceiling is further improved.

  In the present embodiment, the spacer 7 is composed of a long square member, and is disposed so as to straddle the plurality of roof constituent members 20, 20,..., So that the spacer 7 can be installed efficiently. Become.

  In the present embodiment, since the spacer 7 is attached to the lower end surfaces of the front joint plate 21 and the rear joint plate 22, the spacer 7 does not enter the groove portion 20 a of the roof component 20. If it does in this way, since the movement of the air to the extension direction of the groove part 20a of the roof structural member 20 will become difficult to be inhibited, the ventilation of a ceiling back will become still better.

  In the building T according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A and the like, the wall constituent material 10 and the floor constituent material 30 also have the same groove as the roof constituent material 20, so that the wall Air also circulates inside the body 2 and inside the floor body 3. That is, according to the building T, ventilation not only in the back of the ceiling but also in the interior of the wall body 1 and in the under-floor space is improved, so that it is possible to form a healthy indoor space in which condensation does not easily occur.

(Modification of roof components)
The above-described roof component 20 may be appropriately changed. For example, instead of the above-described roof component 20, the roof component 20 shown in FIG. 18A may be used. The roof constituting material 20 shown in FIG. 18A has an overhanging plate 24 projecting from one edge portion 23a in the short direction of the outer shell plate 23 toward its side (front side in the present embodiment). Have. This overhanging plate 24 covers the other edge 23b of the outer shell plate 23 related to another roof component 20 ′ adjacent to the front side. If it does in this way, since the joint part of adjacent roof component materials 20 and 20 'will be covered with the overhang | projection board 24 of one roof component material 20, it will become difficult for the penetration | invasion to the joint part of rainwater. Become. In other words, when a plurality of roof constituent members 20, 20,... Are connected in series, another roof constituent member 20 in which the overhanging plate 24 of one roof constituent member 20 is adjacent to each other at joint portions formed at a plurality of locations. Since it will be arrange | positioned on the edge part 23b of ', rain finish will become favorable.

  In the present embodiment, the upper surface of the overhanging plate 24 is flush with the upper surface of the outer shell plate 23. If it does in this way, the whole roof surface will become flush and a clean appearance can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 18 (b), the outer shell plate 23 of the roof constituting material 20 has the other edge 23b in the short side direction inclined with respect to the other parts, thereby the outer shell plate 23 A gap 23c is formed between the other edge 23b of the shell plate 23 and the overhanging plate 24 of the other roof constituent material 20 ″. In this way, the gap 23c functions as a so-called isobaric space. As a result, the infiltration of rainwater into the joints becomes even more difficult.

  In addition, the other edge 23b of the outer shell plate 23 is inclined with respect to other parts at an angle equal to the roof gradient or an angle larger than the roof gradient. If it does in this way, the rain water etc. which entered the clearance gap 23c will come out naturally.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 19, the sealing material Se is disposed between the upper end portion of the front joint plate 21 of the roof constituent member 20 and the upper end portion of the rear joint plate 22 of the roof constituent member 20 ′ adjacent thereto. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent rainwater from entering the living room. Needless to say, the position of the sealing material Se is not limited to the illustrated one.

(Modification of stiffener)
The cross-sectional shapes of the stiffeners 41, 42, and 43 described above may be changed as appropriate. For example, as the stiffening material 42 interposed between the roof constituent materials 20 and 20, as shown in FIG. 18B, a material having an inverted T-shaped cross section may be used. The stiffener 42 is sandwiched between a front joint plate 21 of one roof constituent member 20 and a rear joint plate 22 of the other roof constituent member 20 ′, and below the sandwiching portion 42a. And a protruding portion 42b that protrudes. The protruding portion 42b is formed wider than the sandwiching portion 42a, and the upper surface thereof is in contact with the lower surfaces of the distal end portions 21b and 22b of the joint plates 21 and 22. When the lower part of the stiffener 42 is protruded downward from the lower end of the roof constituting material 10, the secondary moment (that is, the rigidity) of the cross section increases, and further, when the protrusion 42b is wider than the sandwiching part 42a, It becomes easy to fasten the spacer 7 and the like.

  In addition, when the stiffener 42 is provided with the protrusion part 42b, it is good to adhere the spacer 7 to the protrusion part 42b. That is, the spacer 7 may be attached to the joint plates 21 and 22 via the protruding portion 42b. If it does in this way, since the space of a ceiling back increases and the cross-sectional area of a ventilation channel increases, the ventilation of a ceiling back will become favorable.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 19, a stiffener 42 in which the inside of the protrusion 42b is hollow may be used. That is, you may use the stiffener 42c provided with the hollow part 42c continuous in a longitudinal direction (extrusion direction of a shape member). If it does in this way, it will become possible to improve the rigidity of the rib formed in the interface of roof constituent materials 20 and 20, without increasing the weight of stiffener 42. Although illustration is omitted, the stiffener 42 may be omitted.

(A) is the perspective view which looked at the building provided with the ventilation structure of the back of the ceiling which concerns on embodiment of this invention from the front direction, (b) is the expanded view of (a). It is a schematic diagram of (a) of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of (a) of FIG. It is a side view of (a) of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4. It is a perspective view which shows a wall structural material. (A) is sectional drawing (X1-X1 sectional drawing of FIG. 5) of a wall component material, (b) is sectional drawing of a wall component material similarly, (c) is an expanded sectional view which shows the junction part of wall component materials. is there. It is an enlarged plan view of a roof constituent material. (A) is sectional drawing (X2-X2 sectional drawing of FIG. 8) of a roof structural material, (b) is sectional drawing of a roof structural material similarly, (c) is an expanded sectional view which shows the junction part of roof structural materials. is there. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the junction part of a wall constituent material and a floor constituent material. (A) is a front view of a building, (b) is a rear view. (A) is X4-X4 sectional drawing of (b) of FIG. 11, (b) is X3-X3 sectional drawing of (a) of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the ventilation structure of the ceiling back which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the ventilation structure of the back of the ceiling which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the ventilation structure of the back of the ceiling which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (b) is X5-X5 sectional drawing of (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the upper end part of the ventilation structure of the ceiling back which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the distribution route of air. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a roof structural material, (b) is an enlarged view of (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a stiffener.

Explanation of symbols

100 Ventilation structure behind the ceiling 2 Roof 20 Roof component 21 Front joint plate (first joint plate)
22 Rear joint plate (second joint plate)
23 outer shell plate 42 stiffener 42a clamping portion 42b protrusion 7 spacer 70 ventilation passage 8 ceiling component

Claims (8)

A wall body configured by connecting a plurality of metal wall constituent materials having a groove portion opened on the indoor side in the groove width direction; and
A roof constructed by connecting a plurality of metal roof components having a groove portion that opens downward in the groove width direction; and
A plurality of spacers arranged side by side under the roof;
A ventilation structure for the back of the ceiling configured to include a ceiling constituent material covered under the spacer,
The spacer is disposed along the groove width direction of the roof constituent material,
A ventilation passage serving as an air flow path is formed on both sides of the spacer ,
The end of the roof component is connected to the upper end of the wall component,
The ventilation structure of the back of the ceiling , wherein the groove portion of the wall constituent material communicates with the ventilation passage . The roof surface of the roof is inclined in the groove width direction of the roof constituent material,
The ventilation structure of the back of the ceiling according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation passage is formed along an inclination direction of the roof surface.   The ventilation structure of the back of a ceiling according to claim 2, wherein an upper end portion and a lower end portion of the ventilation passage communicate with the outdoors.   The said spacer is arrange | positioned so that the said several roof structural material may be straddled, The ventilation structure of the back of the ceiling as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The roof component material includes a strip-shaped outer shell plate that is a part of the roof surface, a first joint plate provided along one end portion in the short direction of the outer shell plate, It comprises a 2nd coupling board provided along the other edge part of the transversal direction of a shell board, It is constituted, It constitutes, It is any 1 paragraph of Claims 1 thru / or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Ventilation structure behind the ceiling.   The ventilation structure for the back of a ceiling according to claim 5, wherein the spacer is attached to a lower end surface of the joint plate. Further comprising a stiffener interposed between the adjacent roof components,
The stiffener includes a sandwiching portion that is sandwiched between the joint plate of one of the roof constituent members and the joint plate of the other roof constituent member, and a projecting portion that projects below the sandwiching portion. And
The ventilation structure for the back of a ceiling according to claim 5, wherein the spacer is attached to the joint plate through the protrusion.   The ventilation structure for a back of a ceiling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the roof component is made of an extruded shape made of an aluminum alloy.

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