JP4870142B2 - Vehicle shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a type of vehicle shock absorber, and more particularly, a shock absorber in which an extension mechanism and a bar member structure are combined. The device has an accommodation / extension function, and is accommodated in a compact vehicle body outer shape during normal times. The present invention relates to a vehicle impact shock absorber that can be extended in operation and becomes an effective vehicle impact shock absorber, considering both the compactness of the vehicle body and the impact shock absorbing capability, and can be easily recovered and used repeatedly.

  Compact cars are energy-saving, have a small parking space, are highly mobile, have advantages such as a high loading ratio, and are one of the future trends of vehicles. However, the compact vehicle body does not have an extra buffer space that can absorb the impact and energy at the time of the vehicle collision, and thus there is a safety problem at the time of the vehicle body collision.

  In general, when a vehicle receives an impact, the impact energy is usually absorbed by deformation of the structure (steel plate, bumper, chassis main beam) of the vehicle body, and the structure needs to be sufficiently solid and flexible. The vehicle outline design is usually divided into three parts: an engine room, a cabin, and a trunk room. Among them, the engine room and the trunk room are used as buffer spaces that collapse during a collision. However, if the volume of the vehicle body is reduced in response to the demand for miniaturization and electrification of vehicles in the future, the engine room will not be used as a buffer space. Accordingly, it is necessary to further carefully design the vehicle under the two requirements of vehicle miniaturization and collision safety to ensure the safety of drivers and passengers.

  A conventional technique, for example, Patent Document 1, discloses a shock absorber that absorbs an impact force by utilizing the elasticity and deformation of a spring. That is, a plurality of strong springs are coupled to a bumper (ie, a buffer body), and the strong springs are formed as cylindrical coil springs with gradually increasing radii and slightly recessed in the middle, and a plurality of strong springs along the curved surface of the springs. When the vehicle collides, the outside of the bumper moves inward due to spring compression, and a special design of the spring receives a relatively large force and absorbs a relatively large impact force when the vehicle collides. However, the volume of the buffer structure is enormous and takes up space, which is disadvantageous for small vehicle applications.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a shock absorber in which a magnetic force is combined with a spring. A shock-absorbing magnet is provided in the shock-absorbing body, and an appropriate quantity of shock-absorber receivers are provided between the pressure-resistant magnets. Multiple sets of mechanical shock-absorbing members provided on the part are pivotally connected to the inner rod of the force receiving element, and the part corresponding to the above-mentioned pressure-resistant magnet is provided with a moving end magnet that discharges the same pole. A rod is provided to form a double withstand pressure product buffer area between the receiving force inner rod and the circumscribed touch rod. However, the structure of this patent is complicated, and if it is intended to enhance the magnetic pole rejecting action, the magnet must be increased, which increases the weight of the shock absorber and the weight of the vehicle body.

  Patent Document 3 discloses an extendable bumper using an air bag. When a vehicle collides, a sensor receives a collision signal, and then transmits the signal to an air tank to release air and fill the bag. The front plate is extended forward to form a buffer space to enhance the buffer effect. Although such a method can be applied to a small vehicle, the airbag system is complicated and expensive, and there are problems such as expiration date.

  Patent Document 4 discloses a bumper device capable of buffering and dispersing force, and when the vehicle receives a collision, the front vehicle body is lifted up by the operation of the connecting rod mechanism to disperse and absorb the impact force. Structurally, a shock absorber is combined by a connecting rod and includes two pedestals, two force receiving arms, two auxiliary arms, and a frame. This patent requires a sufficient space for mounting on the vehicle body at the time of implementation, which is disadvantageous for small vehicle applications.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a telescopic bumper, which has an energy absorbing shaft connected to the bumper, the energy absorbing shaft is constituted by a ball screw, and driven by a motor. When the automobile collides, the bumper extends. In addition, the energy absorption axis absorbs impact energy. However, the design of this extendable bumper still takes up a lot of space, and if the drive of the screw by the motor is slow in response time and the extension operation is not completed at the moment the vehicle is impacted, Its performance is no different from ordinary bumpers.

  Patent Document 6 is similar to Patent Document 5 described above, which pushes the piston of the shock absorber at atmospheric pressure and extends or retracts the bumper from the vehicle body. When extended, the distance between the bumper and the vehicle body increases to absorb the impact force. This patent also describes the operation of the gas switching valve, which generates a signal upon actuation of the control member, operates the switching valve to modify the gas passage, and the switching valve has a first inlet, a first outlet. A vent is provided, and the exhaust gas discharged by the engine under normal conditions is discharged from the exhaust pipe through the muffler. By the switching valve operation, the second inlet and the second outlet communicate with each other, pass through the air supply channel to the shock absorber, the communication valve is provided with the communication channel, and the air supply pipe and the third air outlet or the second outlet 3 Connect the air outlet and the exhaust pipe. There are two or more shock absorbers, an air supply pipe is connected to one end, a piston rod is operated, a piston rod is connected to a bumper, and another end of the piston rod is connected to an exhaust pipe to introduce or discharge gas. . This patent uses the concept of engine exhaust operation and does not apply to electric vehicles, and circumscribing a pneumatic system to the vehicle increases the extra weight, slows the atmospheric pressure response time, and the vehicle body is impacted. The extension operation cannot be completed at the moment, and its performance is not different from general bumpers.

Taiwan Patent Notice No. I268237 Specification US Pat. No. 5,971,451 US Pat. No. 7,258,191 Taiwan Patent Notice No. M267115 Specification US Pat. No. 6,976,718 Taiwan Patent Publication No. 327383 Specification

  In view of the shortcomings of known techniques, the present invention has an object to provide a kind of vehicle collision buffer device, which is a device that combines an extension mechanism and a rod structure, and this device has a telescopic function, It is housed in a compact vehicle body outer mold and extends during operation to become an effective shock absorbing device. The vehicle body has both a compact and shock absorbing capacity, and can be used easily and repeatedly.

A vehicle impact shock absorber provided by the present invention includes a shock absorber body, a base, a connecting rod set, and a ratchet tooth structure, and the connecting rod set includes a plurality of connecting rods, a first slide block, and a second slide block. , the first slide block is connected to the buffer body, the second slide block is connected to the base, between said first slide block first position and the second position being driven by the connecting rod of the plurality of can reciprocate, the second slide block is movable from the third position by being driven by a connecting rod of the plurality of the fourth position, the second slide block is positioned in the third position by the ratchet teeth structure when the ratchet teeth structure to release the second sliding block, the second slide block slides to the fourth position from the third position, and drives the connecting rod of the plurality of Moving from the first position to drive the first slide block in a second position, and the first slide block forms the extended position from the accommodation position to push the buffer body.

  The vehicle impact shock absorber according to the present invention is a device in which an extension mechanism and a rod structure are combined. It has both shock-absorbing capabilities and can be used easily and repeatedly.

  1 to 4 show the structure of an embodiment of a vehicle collision shock absorber provided by the present invention. The shock absorber 10 includes a shock absorber body 11 and a base 12. The shock absorber body 11 includes a rigid body 111 and a soft body 112. The rigid body 111 employs a metal material such as steel and iron, and the soft body. The material 112 has an elastic and vibration absorbing effect, such as foam sponge and sponge. The flexible body 112 is installed on one surface of the rigid body 111. The base 12 is fixed at any required position of the vehicle body, and the base 12 is provided with a metal material such as steel or iron.

Two connecting rod sets 13 and two ratchet tooth structures 14 are provided between the buffer body 11 and the base 12, and the two connecting rod sets 13 and the two ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed symmetrically. . The connecting rod set 13 includes a first connecting rod 131 and a second connecting rod 132. One end of the first connecting rod 131 is pivoted to the first slide block 133, the other end is pivoted to the base 12, and one end of the second connecting rod 132 is pivoted to the first connecting rod 131. The other end is pivotally connected to the second slide block 134. The first slide block 133 is connected to the rigid body 111 of the buffer body 11. Soft resistance body 112 is placed on one surface of the non-connected to the first sliding block 133 of the rigid body 111. The second slide block 134 is connected to the base 12. The first slide block 133 is between the first position P1 and the second position P2 reciprocally slid by the first connecting rod 131 and the second connecting rod 132. The second slide block 134 is movable from the third position P3 by the first connecting rod 131 and the second connecting rod 132 in the fourth position P4. First position P1 and the slide path of the first slide block 133 which is formed between the second position P2, said second slide block 134 which is formed between the third position P3 and the fourth position P4 Is parallel to the slide path.

What needs to be explained here is the following. That is, there is no limitation on the connection method of the first slide block 133 and the rigid body 111, and the second slide block 134 and the base 12, as can be seen by those skilled in the art, with the first slide block 133 may be provided guideway rail interpolating fit the facing surface of the rigid body 111 is the same for the second slide block 134 and the base 12, there are many kinds of method and structure for its implementation In addition, since it is not a feature of the present invention, detailed description is omitted.

Then, the ratchet teeth structure 14 is used to connect the second slide block 134 and the base 12, the ratchet teeth structure 14, a plurality of ratchet teeth disposed on the base 12 so as to form a column encompasses 141, elastic claw 142 on the second sliding block 134 is pivotally connected, resilient pawl 142 engages with each other with said ratchet teeth 141 have a downward resilient. Elastic parts 143 provided between the second slide block 134 and the base 12, elastic part 143 provides an elastic, their elasticity direction is parallel to the sliding direction of the second slide block 134. In this embodiment, the elastic part 143 is a compression spring, when said second slide block 134 is positioned at the third position P3 (the state in FIG. 1), elastic part 143 is in a compressed state. Further, the base 12 is provided with a first stopper block 144 and a second stopper block 145. The first stopper block 144 is controlled by using a reed switch (not shown) and is installed on the base 12 to be extendable and contractible. The When the first stopper block 144 is protraction from the base 12 (the state in FIG. 1), the second slide block 134 is allowed positioned in the third position P3, the first stopper block 144 on the base 12 when ChijimiIri, can release the second sliding block 134, and the second slide block 134 is moved toward the fourth position P4 is pushed by the elastic part 143 (the state of FIG. 3). Second stopper block 145 is fixedly installed on the base 12, the second slide block 134 through the second stopper block 145 is limited is positioned in the fourth position P4 (the state of FIG. 4), the first in the process of second slide block 134 slides in the fourth position P4 from the third position P3, the second connecting rod 132, lifting the first connecting rod 131, and the first connecting rod 131 is the first slide block 133 is moved to the second position P2 from the first position P1 to drive, as well as the extended position of FIG. 4 from the accommodating position in which the first sliding block 133 is shown in Figure 1 to push the buffer body 11 Move.

Please refer to the display of the vehicle body of the present invention shown in FIG. The shock absorbers 10 are respectively installed laterally on the four sides of the vehicle body 20 in the front, rear, left and right directions. FIG The buffer body 11 in 5 located in the already stowed position, the buffer body 11 enters Shinano physician within the body when this by an impact (see FIG. 6). In the present embodiment, the sizes of the four shock absorbers 10 are the same, but can be designed according to the actual size of the vehicle body 20, for example, in accordance with the relatively long sides on the left and right sides of the vehicle body 20. It is possible to install a shock absorber 10 having a relatively large size, or it is possible to install two shock absorbers 10 on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body 20, thereby protecting the right and left sides of the vehicle body 20. To enlarge. In addition, the shock absorber 10 can be reduced in size and installed in the frame of the vehicle body 20, for example, in the frame of the front and rear windows, in the frame of the four rounds of the window, or on the roof top. When the vehicle body 20 receives a collision, the buffer main body 11 quickly moves to the extended position, the buffer main body 11 extends out of the vehicle body 20, and an external impact force is applied by the buffer main body 11 as shown in FIG. Receiving, preventing the vehicle body 20 or a passenger in the vehicle from being directly impacted by an external force, greatly reducing injuries. Before the vehicle body 20 is collided, a collision signal is generated. The technical means of this part is well known to those skilled in the art, for example, a technique used in a safety bag used in a general automobile. Therefore, it is not described in detail here. 3 and 4, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, simultaneously with the occurrence of a collision signal, the first stopper blocks 144 on both sides are controlled and simultaneously retracted into the base 12, and the second slide blocks on both sides . At the moment 134 is released, the second connecting rod 132, the first connecting rod 131, and the first slide block 133 on both sides cooperate with each other to quickly extend the buffer body 11 out of the vehicle body 20. Compared to those employing a spring or screw and a pneumatic bearing system, the present invention has a good buffering effect,
Its operation is reliable, the reaction is fast and can provide further safety.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, the buffer body 11, the base 12, the two connecting rod sets 13 and the two ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed, and the two connecting rod sets 13 and the two ratchet tooth structures 14 are symmetrical. Installed. In addition, the present invention can be installed in other modes. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a base 12, four connecting rod sets 13, and four ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed. The 13 and four ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed side by side and symmetrically, and this embodiment can be combined into one buffer body or two buffer bodies (not shown), which is designed according to the actual needs. As will be inferred from this, the present invention can design the quantity of connecting rod set and ratchet tooth structure according to the actual vehicle body size, and the connecting rod set and ratchet tooth structure are installed symmetrically or in parallel. Alternatively, they are installed in parallel and symmetrically as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the shock absorber 10A, a damper device 135A is installed on the first connecting rod 131A and the second connecting rod 132A, and shock energy is absorbed through the damper device 135A. The impact resistance of the device 10A can be increased.

It is a structure display figure when the buffer main body of this invention exists in an accommodation position. It is an AA cross-sectional enlarged view of FIG. It is a state display figure when the 2nd slide block of this invention is released. It is a structure display figure when the buffer main body of this invention exists in an extended position. It is a top view of the accommodation state where this invention was installed in the vehicle body. It is a top view of the extension state when the vehicle body of this invention receives an impact. It is a top view of the Example by which several connecting rod sets and several ratchet tooth structure were installed in parallel and symmetrically of this invention. It is a structure display figure by which the damper apparatus was provided in the connecting rod of this invention.

10 shock absorber 11 buffer body 112 flexible body 12 base 13 connecting rod set 131 first connecting rod 132 second connecting rod 133 first slide block 134 second slide block 14 ratchet tooth structure 141 ratchet teeth 142 elastic claw 143 elastic component 144 first 1 stopper block 145 2nd stopper block 10A shock absorber 131A first connecting rod 132A second connecting rod 135A damper device 20 vehicle body P1 first position P2 second position P3 third position P4 fourth position

Claims (19)

In a vehicle collision shock absorber,
At least one buffer body, the buffer body being reciprocally movable between a storage position and an extended position;
At least one base,
And at least one connecting rod set,該連Sebbo set a plurality of the connecting rod encompasses at least one of the first slide block and at least one second sliding block, the first slide block plurality of connecting rods between a first position and a second position being driven by a possible reciprocal sliding, the second slide block Ri movable der the fourth position from the third position is driven by the connecting rod of the plurality, said plurality of The connecting rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is pivoted to the first slide block, and the other end is pivoted to the base, and the second connecting rod A connecting rod set having one end pivoted to the first connecting rod and the other end pivoted to the second slide block ;
And at least one ratchet tooth structure, said second concatenating the slide block and the base, the second slide block through the ratchet tooth structure is positioned in the third position, the ratchet teeth structure said second slide when releasing the block, said from the second slide block slides to the fourth position from the third position, and said first position by driving the connecting rod of the plurality of driving the first slide block is moved to the second position, by pushing the buffer body in the first slide block is moved to該伸exhibition position from the stowed position, and the ratchet tooth structure,
A vehicle collision shock absorber characterized by comprising: 2. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of connecting rods are provided with damper devices for absorbing impact energy.   2. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 1, wherein a slide path of the first slide block formed between the first position and the second position is formed between the third position and the fourth position. A collision buffer device for a vehicle, wherein the collision buffer device is parallel to a slide path of the second slide block.   The collision buffer device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet tooth structure includes:
  A plurality of ratchet teeth installed in a row on the base;
  At least one elastic pawl pivoted on the second slide block and interengaging with the ratchet teeth;
  At least one elastic component installed between the second slide block and the base to provide elasticity, the elastic direction of which is parallel to the slide direction of the second slide block;
  A vehicle collision shock absorber characterized by comprising:   The collision buffer device for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the ratchet tooth structure further includes a plurality of stopper blocks, and the plurality of stopper blocks include:
  At least one first stopper block installed on the base and restricting the second slide block to be positioned at the third position;
  At least one second stopper block installed on the base for restricting the second slide block to be positioned at the fourth position;
  A vehicle collision shock absorber comprising the following.   6. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the first stopper block is installed on the base so as to be extendable and retracted, and when the first stopper block extends from the base, the second slide block is the third stopper block. When the first stopper block is retracted into the base,
The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the second slide block is released and the second slide block is pushed to a fourth position by the elastic part.   7. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 6, wherein the first stopper block is electrically connected to a reed switch, and the first stopper block is driven by the reed switch to expand and contract. Collision shock absorber.   8. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 7, wherein the second stopper block is fixedly installed on the base.   5. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 4, wherein the elastic part is in a compressed state when the second slide block is in the third position.   5. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 4, wherein the elastic part is a compression spring.   The collision buffer device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the buffer main body includes:
  A rigid body, one side of which is connected to the first slide block;
  A flexible body, the flexible body installed on one side of the rigid body that is not connected to the first slide block; and
  A vehicle collision shock absorber characterized by comprising:   12. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 11, wherein the rigid main body is made of steel or iron.   12. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 11, wherein the flexible main body is formed of foam sponge or sponge.   2. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 1, wherein when the buffer body is in the storage position, the buffer body is in the vehicle body, and when the buffer body is in the extended position, the buffer body extends out of the vehicle body. A vehicular collision shock absorber.   2. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 1, wherein the base is made of steel or iron.   2. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the number of connecting rod sets is four or more, and ratchet tooth structures corresponding to the number of the connecting rod sets are provided. .   17. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 16, wherein the connecting rod set and the ratchet tooth structure are installed symmetrically.   17. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 16, wherein the connecting rod set and the ratchet tooth structure are installed in parallel.   17. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 16, wherein the four connecting rod sets and the ratchet tooth structure are arranged in parallel and line symmetrically.

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