JP2010116132A - Vehicular colliding shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicular colliding shock absorber easy to withdraw and usable in a duplicative manner while considering the compactness and shock absorbing capability of a vehicle body. <P>SOLUTION: The vehicular colliding shock absorber includes an absorber body, a base, a connecting rod set, and a ratchet tooth structure. The connecting rod set includes a plurality of connecting rods, an upper sliding block, and a lower sliding block. The upper sliding block is connected to the absorber body, and the lower sliding block is connected to the base. The plurality of connecting rods drive the upper sliding block to reciprocate between a first position and a second position, and the plurality of connecting rods drive the lower sliding block to move from a third position to a fourth position. The ratchet tooth structure places the lower sliding block at the third position. When the ratchet tooth structure releases the lower sliding block, the lower sliding block slides from the third position to the fourth position. Then, the plurality of connecting rods drive the upper sliding block to move from the first position to the second position and the upper sliding block pushes the absorber body from a storage position to an extension position. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a type of vehicle shock absorber, and more particularly, a shock absorber in which an extension mechanism and a bar member structure are combined. The device has an accommodation / extension function, and is accommodated in a compact vehicle body outer shape during normal times. The present invention relates to a vehicle impact shock absorber that can be extended in operation and becomes an effective vehicle impact shock absorber, considering both the compactness of the vehicle body and the impact shock absorbing capability, and can be easily recovered and used repeatedly.

  Compact cars are energy-saving, have a small parking space, are highly mobile, have advantages such as a high loading ratio, and are one of the future trends of vehicles. However, the compact vehicle body does not have an extra buffer space that can absorb the impact and energy at the time of the vehicle collision, and thus there is a safety problem at the time of the vehicle body collision.

  In general, when a vehicle receives an impact, the impact energy is usually absorbed by deformation of the structure (steel plate, bumper, chassis main beam) of the vehicle body, and the structure needs to be sufficiently rigid and flexible. The vehicle outline design is usually divided into three parts: an engine room, a cabin, and a trunk room. Among them, the engine room and the trunk room are used as buffer spaces that collapse during a collision. However, if the volume of the vehicle body is reduced in response to the demand for miniaturization and electrification of vehicles in the future, the engine room cannot be used as a buffer space. Accordingly, it is necessary to further carefully design the vehicle under the two requirements of vehicle miniaturization and collision safety to ensure the safety of drivers and passengers.

  A conventional technique, for example, Patent Document 1, discloses a shock absorber that absorbs an impact force by utilizing the elasticity and deformation of a spring. That is, a plurality of strong springs are coupled to a bumper (ie, a buffer body), and the strong springs are formed as cylindrical coil springs with gradually increasing radii and slightly recessed in the middle, and a plurality of strong springs along the curved surface of the springs. When the vehicle collides, the outside of the bumper moves inward due to spring compression, and a special design of the spring receives a relatively large force and absorbs a relatively large impact force when the vehicle collides. However, the volume of the buffer structure is enormous and takes up space, which is disadvantageous for small vehicle applications.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a shock absorber in which a magnetic force is combined with a spring. A shock-absorbing magnet is provided in the shock-absorbing body, and an appropriate quantity of shock-absorber receivers are provided between the pressure-resistant magnets. Multiple sets of mechanical shock-absorbing members provided on the part are pivotally connected to the inner rod of the force receiving element, and the part corresponding to the above-mentioned pressure-resistant magnet is provided with a moving end magnet that discharges the same pole. A rod is provided to form a double withstand pressure product buffer area between the receiving force inner rod and the circumscribed touch rod. However, the structure of this patent is complicated, and if it is intended to enhance the magnetic pole rejecting action, the magnet must be increased, which increases the weight of the shock absorber and the weight of the vehicle body.

  Patent Document 3 discloses an extendable bumper using an air bag. When a vehicle collides, a sensor receives a collision signal, and then transmits the signal to an air tank to release air and fill the bag. The front plate is extended forward to form a buffer space to enhance the buffer effect. Although such a method can be applied to a small vehicle, the airbag system is complicated and expensive, and there are problems such as expiration date.

  Patent Document 4 discloses a bumper device capable of buffering and dispersing force, and when the vehicle receives a collision, the front vehicle body is lifted up by the operation of the connecting rod mechanism to disperse and absorb the impact force. Structurally, a shock absorber is combined by a connecting rod and includes two pedestals, two force receiving arms, two auxiliary arms, and a frame. This patent requires a sufficient space for mounting on the vehicle body at the time of implementation, which is disadvantageous for small vehicle applications.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a telescopic bumper, which has an energy absorbing shaft connected to the bumper, the energy absorbing shaft is constituted by a ball screw, and driven by a motor. When the automobile collides, the bumper extends. In addition, the energy absorption axis absorbs impact energy. However, the design of this extendable bumper still takes up a lot of space, and if the drive of the screw by the motor is slow in response time and the extension operation is not completed at the moment the vehicle is impacted, Its performance is no different from ordinary bumpers.

  Patent Document 6 is similar to Patent Document 5 described above, which pushes the piston of the shock absorber at atmospheric pressure and extends or retracts the bumper from the vehicle body. When extended, the distance between the bumper and the vehicle body increases to absorb the impact force. This patent also describes the operation of the gas switching valve, which generates a signal upon actuation of the control member, operates the switching valve to modify the gas passage, and the switching valve has a first inlet, a first outlet. A vent is provided, and the exhaust gas discharged by the engine under normal conditions is discharged from the exhaust pipe through the muffler. By the switching valve operation, the second inlet and the second outlet communicate with each other, pass through the air supply channel to the shock absorber, the communication valve is provided with the communication channel, and the air supply pipe and the third air outlet or the second outlet 3 Connect the air outlet and the exhaust pipe. There are two or more shock absorbers, an air supply pipe is connected to one end, a piston rod is operated, a piston rod is connected to a bumper, and another end of the piston rod is connected to an exhaust pipe to introduce or discharge gas. . This patent uses the concept of engine exhaust operation and does not apply to electric vehicles, and circumscribing a pneumatic system to the vehicle increases the extra weight, slows the atmospheric pressure response time, and the vehicle body is impacted. The extension operation cannot be completed at the moment, and its performance is not different from general bumpers.

Taiwan Patent Notice No. I268237 Specification US Pat. No. 5,971,451 US Pat. No. 7,258,191 Taiwan Patent Notice No. M267115 Specification US Pat. No. 6,976,718 Taiwan Patent Publication No. 327383 Specification

  In view of the shortcomings of known techniques, the present invention has an object to provide a kind of vehicle collision buffer device, which is a device that combines an extension mechanism and a rod structure, and this device has a telescopic function, It is housed in a compact vehicle body outer mold and extends during operation to become an effective shock absorbing device. The vehicle body has both a compact and shock absorbing capacity, and can be used easily and repeatedly.

  A vehicle impact shock absorber provided by the present invention includes a buffer body, a base, a connecting rod set, and a ratchet tooth structure, and the connecting rod set includes a plurality of connecting rods, an upper slide block, and a lower slide block, The upper slide block is connected to the buffer body, the lower slide block is connected to the base, and the upper slide block is driven by the plurality of connecting rods and can reciprocate between a first position and a second position, The lower slide block is driven by the plurality of connecting rods and is movable from a third position to a fourth position. The lower slide block is positioned at the third position by the ratchet tooth structure, and the ratchet tooth structure is When releasing the lower slide block, the lower slide block slides from the third position to the fourth position and drives the connecting rods to move the upper slide block. It is moved from the first position to the second position to drive the, as well as the upper slide block forms the extended position from the accommodation position to push the buffer body.

  The vehicle impact shock absorber according to the present invention is a device in which an extension mechanism and a rod structure are combined, and is housed in a compact vehicle body outer shape during normal times, and becomes an effective impact shock absorber during operation to be compact. It has both shock-absorbing capabilities and can be used easily and repeatedly.

  1 to 4 show the structure of an embodiment of a vehicle collision shock absorber provided by the present invention. The shock absorber 10 includes a shock absorber body 11 and a base 12. The shock absorber body 11 includes a rigid body 111 and a soft body 112. The rigid body 111 employs a metal material such as steel and iron, and the soft body. The material 112 has an elastic and vibration absorbing effect, such as foam sponge and sponge. The flexible body 112 is installed on one surface of the rigid body 111. The base 12 is fixed at any required position of the vehicle body, and the base 12 is provided with a metal material such as steel or iron.

  Two connecting rod sets 13 and two ratchet tooth structures 14 are provided between the buffer body 11 and the base 12, and the two connecting rod sets 13 and the two ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed symmetrically. . The connecting rod set 13 includes a first connecting rod 131 and a second connecting rod 132. One end of the first connecting rod 131 is pivoted to the upper slide block 133, the other end is pivoted to the base 12, and one end of the second connecting rod 132 is pivoted to the first connecting rod 131. One end is pivotally connected to the lower slide block 134. The upper slide block 133 is connected to the rigid body 111 of the buffer body 11. The soft body 112 is installed on one surface of the rigid body 111 that is not connected to the upper slide block 133. The lower slide block 134 is connected to the base 12. The upper slide block 133 can be slid back and forth between the first position P1 and the second position P2 by the first connecting rod 131 and the second connecting rod 132. The lower slide block 134 is movable from the third position P3 to the fourth position P4 by the first connecting rod 131 and the second connecting rod 132. The slide path of the upper slide block 133 formed between the first position P1 and the second position P2 is the slide of the lower slide block 134 formed between the third position P3 and the fourth position P4. Parallel to the path.

  What needs to be explained here is the following. That is, there is no limitation on the connection method of the upper slide block 133 and the rigid body 111, and the lower slide block 134 and the base 12, and as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the upper slide block 133 and the rigid body A sliding groove and a rail may be provided to be inserted into the opposing surface of the 111, and the same applies to the lower slide block 134 and the base 12, and there are many kinds of implementation methods and structures, and the present invention. Since it is not the feature of, detailed explanation is omitted.

  Next, the ratchet tooth structure 14 is used to connect the lower slide block 134 and the base 12, and the ratchet tooth structure 14 includes a plurality of ratchet teeth 141 installed on the base 12 in a row. An elastic claw 142 is pivotally connected to the lower slide block 134, and the elastic claw 142 has downward elasticity and engages with the ratchet teeth 141. An elastic part 143 is provided between the lower slide block 134 and the base 12, and the elastic part 143 provides elasticity, and its elastic direction is parallel to the sliding direction of the lower slide block 134. In this embodiment, the elastic part 143 is a compression spring, and when the lower slide block 134 is located at the third position P3 (the state shown in FIG. 1), the elastic part 143 is in a compressed state. Further, the base 12 is provided with a first stopper block 144 and a second stopper block 145. The first stopper block 144 is controlled by using a reed switch (not shown) and is installed on the base 12 to be extendable and contractible. The When the first stopper block 144 extends from the base 12 (the state shown in FIG. 1), the lower slide block 134 is positioned at the third position P3, and the first stopper block 144 is retracted to the base 12. When entering, the lower slide block 134 can be released, and the lower slide block 134 is pushed by the elastic part 143 and moves toward the fourth position P4 (state of FIG. 3). The second stopper block 145 is fixedly installed on the base 12, and the lower slide block 134 is limited through the second stopper block 145 to be positioned at the fourth position P4 (the state shown in FIG. 4). While the block 134 slides from the third position P3 to the fourth position P4, the second connecting rod 132 and the first connecting rod 131 are lifted, and the first connecting rod 131 drives the upper slide block 133. Then, the first slide P1 is moved from the first position P1 to the second position P2, and the upper slide block 133 pushes the buffer body 11 to move from the accommodation position shown in FIG. 1 to the extended position shown in FIG.

  Please refer to the display of the vehicle body of the present invention shown in FIG. The shock absorbers 10 are respectively installed laterally on the four sides of the vehicle body 20 in the front, rear, left and right directions. The buffer body 11 is in the storage position, so that the buffer body 11 does not enter the vehicle body. In the present embodiment, the sizes of the four shock absorbers 10 are the same, but can be designed according to the actual size of the vehicle body 20, for example, in accordance with the relatively long sides on the left and right sides of the vehicle body 20. It is possible to install a shock absorber 10 having a relatively large size, or it is possible to install two shock absorbers 10 on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body 20, thereby protecting the right and left sides of the vehicle body 20. To enlarge. In addition, the shock absorber 10 can be reduced in size and installed in the frame of the vehicle body 20, for example, in the frame of the front and rear windows, in the frame of the four rounds of the window, or on the roof top. When the vehicle body 20 receives a collision, the buffer main body 11 quickly moves to the extended position, the buffer main body 11 extends out of the vehicle body 20, and an external impact force is applied by the buffer main body 11 as shown in FIG. Receiving, preventing the vehicle body 20 or a passenger in the vehicle from being directly impacted by an external force, greatly reducing injuries. A collision signal is generated before the vehicle body 20 is collided, and the technical means of this part are well known to those skilled in the art, for example, a technique used in a safety bag used in a general automobile. Therefore, it will not be described in detail here. 3 and 4, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, simultaneously with the generation of the collision signal, the first stopper blocks 144 on both sides are controlled and simultaneously retracted into the base 12, and the lower slide blocks 134 on both sides are controlled. At the moment when is released, the second connecting rod 132, the first connecting rod 131, and the upper slide block 133 on both sides cooperate with each other to quickly extend the buffer body 11 out of the vehicle body 20 and to make a known simple spring. Or compared with what employ | adopted the screw and a pneumatic bearing system, this invention has a buffering effect favorable, the operation | movement is reliable, reaction is quick, and can provide further safety | security.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, the buffer body 11, the base 12, the two connecting rod sets 13 and the two ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed, and the two connecting rod sets 13 and the two ratchet tooth structures 14 are symmetrical. Installed. In addition, the present invention can be installed in other modes. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a base 12, four connecting rod sets 13, and four ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed. The 13 and four ratchet tooth structures 14 are installed side by side and symmetrically, and this embodiment can be combined into one buffer body or two buffer bodies (not shown), which is designed according to the actual needs. As will be inferred from this, the present invention can design the quantity of connecting rod set and ratchet tooth structure according to the actual vehicle body size, and the connecting rod set and ratchet tooth structure are installed symmetrically or in parallel. Alternatively, they are installed in parallel and symmetrically as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the shock absorber 10A, a damper device 135A is installed on the first connecting rod 131A and the second connecting rod 132A, and shock energy is absorbed through the damper device 135A. The impact resistance of the device 10A can be increased.

It is a structure display figure when the buffer main body of this invention exists in an accommodation position. It is an AA cross-sectional enlarged view of FIG. It is a state display figure when the lower slide block of this invention is released. It is a structure display figure when the buffer main body of this invention exists in an extended position. It is a top view of the accommodation state where this invention was installed in the vehicle body. It is a top view of the extension state when the vehicle body of this invention receives an impact. It is a top view of the Example by which several connecting rod sets and several ratchet tooth structure were installed in parallel and symmetrically of this invention. It is a structure display figure by which the damper apparatus was provided in the connecting rod of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shock absorber 11 Buffer main body 112 Soft main body 12 Base 13 Connecting rod set 131 First connecting rod 132 Second connecting rod 133 Upper slide block 134 Lower slide block 14 Ratchet tooth structure 141 Ratchet tooth 142 Elastic claw 143 Elastic component 144 First stopper Block 145 Second stopper block 10A Shock absorber 131A First connecting rod 132A Second connecting rod 135A Damper device 20 Car body P1 First position P2 Second position P3 Third position P4 Fourth position

Claims (20)

In a vehicle collision shock absorber,
At least one buffer body, the buffer body being reciprocally movable between a storage position and an extended position;
At least one base,
At least one connecting rod set, the connecting rod set including a plurality of connecting rods, at least one upper slide block and at least one lower slide block, the upper slide block being driven by the plurality of connecting rods; A connecting rod set that is reciprocally slidable between a first position and a second position, and wherein the lower slide block is driven by the plurality of connecting rods and is movable from a third position to a fourth position;
At least one ratchet tooth structure, connecting the lower slide block and the base, through which the lower slide block is positioned in the third position, the ratchet tooth structure releasing the lower slide block; The lower slide block slides from the third position to the fourth position, and the connecting rods are driven to drive the upper slide block to move from the first position to the second position. And the ratchet tooth structure for moving the buffer body to the extended position by pushing the buffer body to the upper slide block;
A vehicle collision shock absorber characterized by comprising: The collision buffer for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of connecting rods are:
A first connecting rod, wherein one end of the first connecting rod is pivoted to the upper slide block and the other end is pivoted to the base;
A second connecting rod, wherein one end of the second connecting rod is pivoted to the first connecting rod and the other end is pivoted to the lower slide block;
A vehicle collision shock absorber characterized by comprising:   2. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of connecting rods are provided with damper devices for absorbing impact energy.   2. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein a slide path of the upper slide block formed between the first position and the second position is formed between the third position and the fourth position. A collision buffer device for a vehicle, characterized in that it is parallel to the slide path of the lower slide block. The collision buffer device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet tooth structure includes:
A plurality of ratchet teeth installed in a row on the base;
At least one elastic pawl pivoted on the lower slide block and interengaging with the ratchet teeth;
At least one elastic component installed between the lower slide block and the base to provide elasticity, the elastic direction of which is parallel to the slide direction of the lower slide block;
A vehicle collision shock absorber characterized by comprising: 6. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the ratchet tooth structure further includes a plurality of stopper blocks, and the plurality of stopper blocks include:
At least one first stopper block installed on the base for limiting the lower slide block to be positioned at the third position;
At least one second stopper block installed on the base and restricting the lower slide block to be positioned at the fourth position;
A vehicle collision shock absorber comprising the following.   7. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 6, wherein the first stopper block is installed on the base to be extendable and retracted, and the lower slide block is moved to the third position when the first stopper block extends from the base. When the first stopper block is retracted into the base, the lower slide block is released, and the lower slide block is pushed to the fourth position by the elastic part. A collision shock absorber for a vehicle.   8. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 7, wherein the first stopper block is electrically connected to a reed switch, and the first stopper block is driven by the reed switch to expand and contract. Collision shock absorber.   9. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 8, wherein the second stopper block is fixedly installed on the base.   6. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the elastic part is in a compressed state when the lower slide block is in the third position.   2. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 1, wherein the elastic part is a compression spring. The collision buffer device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the buffer main body includes:
A rigid body, one side of which is connected to the upper slide block; and
A flexible body, the flexible body installed on one side of the rigid body not connected to the upper slide block; and
A vehicle collision shock absorber characterized by comprising:   13. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 12, wherein the rigid main body is made of a metal material such as steel or iron.   13. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 12, wherein the flexible main body is made of a material having elasticity and vibration absorbing function such as foam sponge or sponge.   2. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein when the buffer body is in the storage position, the buffer body does not enter the vehicle body, and when the buffer body is in the extended position, the buffer body is outside the vehicle body. A vehicular collision shock absorber characterized by extending.   2. The vehicle impact buffer according to claim 1, wherein the base is made of a metal material such as steel or iron.   The collision buffer device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod sets are four or more sets, and ratchet tooth structures corresponding to the number of the connecting rod sets are four or more sets. Collision shock absorber.   18. The vehicle impact shock absorber according to claim 17, wherein the connecting rod set and the ratchet tooth structure are installed symmetrically.   18. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 17, wherein the connecting rod set and the ratchet tooth structure are installed in parallel.   18. The vehicle shock absorber according to claim 17, wherein the connecting rod set and the ratchet tooth structure are installed in parallel and symmetrically.

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