JP4859248B2 - 可溶性Gタンパク質共役型レセプター(sGPCR)に関する組成物および方法 - Google Patents
可溶性Gタンパク質共役型レセプター(sGPCR)に関する組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4859248B2 JP4859248B2 JP2007554332A JP2007554332A JP4859248B2 JP 4859248 B2 JP4859248 B2 JP 4859248B2 JP 2007554332 A JP2007554332 A JP 2007554332A JP 2007554332 A JP2007554332 A JP 2007554332A JP 4859248 B2 JP4859248 B2 JP 4859248B2
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Description
本発明は一般的に分子生物学、神経学及び内分泌学に関連する方法及び組成物に関連する。特定の特徴において、これは、可溶性Gタンパク質共役型受容体(sGPCR)を、GPCR活性のモジュレーター及び/又はこのような可溶性GPCRに結合するリガンドの薬理学的作用のモジュレーターとして含む組成物及びそれを用いる方法に関する。
受容体は一般的に、抗原、ホルモン又は神経伝達物質のような物質と弱い可逆的な結合を形成する、細胞膜内又は細胞内部に位置する分子構造である。各受容体は特定の物質と結合するように設計されている。受容体の特定のファミリーは7回膜貫通(「7TM」)又はGタンパク質共役型受容体(「GPCR」)である。これらの受容体は適切な物質が受容体に結合しているときにシグナル生成するためにグアニンヌクレオチド結合Gタンパク質(「Gタンパク質」)と連結する。Gタンパク質がグアニンジホスフェート(「GDP」)と結合している場合は、Gタンパク質は不活性であるか、又は「オフ位置」にある。同様に、Gタンパク質がグアニントリホスフェート(「GTP」)に結合する場合は、Gタンパク質は活性であるか、又は「オン位置」にあり、これにより細胞における生物学的応答の活性化が媒介される。
Murphy et al.,J.Virol.,74(17):7745−7754、2000 Mannstadt et al.,Am.J.Physiol.,277(5 Pt 2):F665−675,1999 Berger et al.,Annu.Rev.Immunol.,17:657−700,1999 Jacobson et al.,J.Acquir.Immune.DeficSyndr.,21(1):S34−41,1997 Meij et al.,Mol.Cell Biochem,157(1−2):31−38,1996
本発明はsGPCRリガンド結合ドメイン並びにGPCRシグナル伝達及びGPCRリガンドとそのGPCRの間の相互作用に対するsGPCRの作用に関係する組成物及び方法に関する。
GPCR及び関連するシグナル伝達経路に関連する疾患の治療のための有用な治療手法はGPCRの活性化又は阻害の抑制又はモジュレーションを包含する。1つの手法は開発して販売することに経費がかかる小分子阻害剤の開発である。GPCRの小分子の阻害剤又は拮抗剤の投与の難点は特に反復適用した場合の毒性の危険性である。更に又、多くのGPCRは小分子受容体拮抗剤を有していない。小分子阻害剤よりも安価及び/又は低毒性のGPCR拮抗剤の開発が価値のあることである。本発明の実施形態は可溶性GPCR(sGPCR)リガンド結合ドメイン並びにGPCRシグナル伝達及びGPCRリガンドとそのGPCRとの間の相互作用に対するその作用に関連した組成物及び方法に関する。sGPCRはインビトロ及び/又はインビボでGPCRの活性化又は抑制に拮抗するために使用してよい。
GPCRはタンパク質のスーパーファミリーを構成し、これは3つのファミリー、即ち、ロドプシン様ファミリー(ファミリーA)、カルシトニン受容体(ファミリーB)及び代謝性生物産生グルタメートファミリー(ファミリーC)に分割され(Ji et al.,1998)、その各々が更にサブファミリーに分割される。報告されたGPCRには特性化された受容体と対応するリガンドがまだ発見されていないオーファン受容体の両方が包含される(Wilson et al.,1999;Wilson et al.,1998;Marchese et al.,1999)。多数のGPCRにも関わらず、一般的に、各GPCRは同様の分子構造を共有している。各GPCRは種々の長さのアミノ酸残基のストリングを含む。GPCRは膜貫通と呼ばれる7つの異なるコイルとして細胞膜内部に存在する。GPCRのアミノ末端は細胞外ループと共に細胞の外部に存在し、カルボキシ末端は細胞内ループと共に細胞の内部に存在する。
本発明により意図されるGPCRの例として、CRF受容体を詳細に説明する。当業者はこれらの特定の教示内容をGPCRファミリーの別のメンバー、特にB型、更に特定すればサブファミリーB1受容体にも適合させることができる。特定の特徴において、本発明は限定しないが可溶性コルチコトロピン放出因子受容体(sCRFR)、特にsCRFR2αから誘導したsGPCRを包含する。もともとは視床下部より単離された視床下部の下垂体刺激性のペプチド、コルチコトロピン放出因子(CRF)(Vale et al.,1981)は基礎及びストレス条件下において視床下部−下垂体−副腎(HPA)軸の調節において重要な役割を果たしている(River and Vale,1983;Muglia et al.,1995)。更に又、CRFはストレスに対する内分泌、自律神経及び挙動の応答を統合する作用を有する(River and Vale,1983;Muglia et al.,1995;Knob and Heinrichs,1999)。哺乳類CRFペプチドファミリーはウロコルチン1(Ucn1)(Vaughan et al.,1995)及びペプチド、それぞれストレスコピン関連ペプチド(Reyes et al.,2001;Hsu and Hsueh,2001)及びストレスコピン(Hsu and Hsueh,2001;Lewis et al.,2001)としても知られているウロコルチン2(Ucn2)及びウロコルチン3(Ucn3)を含む。
本発明のポリペプチドはGPCRの可溶性型又は可溶性受容体を包含する。本発明の可溶性受容体は可溶性型に結合した膜から変化したサブユニットを含んでよい。即ち、可溶性ペプチドは例えば7回膜貫通領域及び/又は原形質テール部を除去するためにポリペプチドをトランケーションすることにより作成してよい。或いは、膜貫通ドメインは、膜貫通ドメインを含む通常は疎水性のアミノ酸残基の欠失又は親水性のものとの置換により除去してよい。何れの場合においても、実質的に親水性又は可溶性のポリペプチドが生じ、これは脂質親和性を低減し、そして水溶性を向上させる。膜貫通ドメインの欠失は親水性アミノ酸残基との置換よりも好ましいが、その理由は潜在的に免疫原性のエピトープの導入を回避できるためである。本発明の可溶性受容体はN末端によく知られたリーダー配列の何れかの数量を包含してよい。そのような配列は真核生物の系においてペプチドを発現させ、そして分泌経路にターゲティングできるようにする。
受容体は免疫グロブリン融合タンパク質に容易に変換できるため、生物学的経路を解明するため、及び、種々の疾患状態を治療するための有力な手段となる。これらの2量体可溶性受容体形態は何れかの分泌又は表面結合のリガンドにより媒介される事象の良好な抑制剤である。これらのリガンドを結合することにより、それらは、細胞に伴っている受容体とのリガンドの相互作用を防止する。これらの受容体−Ig融合タンパク質は実験の意味において有用であるのみならず、TBF−R−Igの場合には、炎症性腸疾患、慢性関節リューマチ及びOKT3投与に付随する急性臨床症候群を治療するために臨床的に良好に使用されている(Eason et al.,1996;van Dullemen et al.,1995)。本発明者等はGPCRを介したシグナル伝達により媒介される多くの事象の操作がGPCR関連疾患の治療において広範な用途を有すると考える。
B.タンパク質コンジュゲート
タンパク質の半減期に関しては、タンパク質の循環半減期を増大するための1つの方法は、特に腎クリアランス及び受容体媒介クリアランスを介した、タンパク質のクリアランスの低減を確保することである。これは見かけの大きさを増大させることができる化学的部分にタンパク質をコンジュゲートすることにより腎クリアランスを低減し、そしてインビボの半減期を増大することにより達成してよい。更に又、タンパク質への化学部分の結合はタンパク質分解酵素がタンパク質と物理的に接触することを効果的にブロックし、これにより非特異的なタンパク質分解による分解を防止できる。ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)は治療用タンパク質製品の製造において使用されているそのような化学部分の1つである。近年、単一のN末端連結20kDaPEG基で修飾されたG−CSF分子(Neulastam)が米国で販売許可された。このPEG化G−CSF分子は非PEG化G−CSFと比較して増大した半減期を有することがわかっており、このため、現在のG−CSF製品よりも低頻度で投与してよいが、それは非PEG化G−CSFと比較して好中球減少の持続時間を有意に低減しない。
1つの実施形態において、ポリペプチドのアミノ酸配列変異体を製造することができる。これらは、例えば、集団内の天然の変異により生じるポリペプチドのマイナー配列変異体であってよく、又は、それらは他の種に存在する相同体であってよい。それらはまた、天然に存在しないが、同様に機能する、及び/又は、ポリペプチドの天然の形態と交差反応する免疫応答を誘発するほど十分類似する配列であってよい。配列変異体は後述するような部位指向性突然変異誘発の標準的な方法により製造できる。
D.ポリペプチドの発現及び精製
本発明のポリヌクレオチド、特にGPCR、ファミリーBGPCR、ファミリーB1GPCR又は例えば添付する配列表に記載する配列、例えば配列番号1、3、5、7、9、11、13又は14と70、75、80、85、90、95、98又は100%同一であるポリヌクレオチドをコードする100、150、200、250、300、400、450、500、550以上のDNAの隣接ヌクレオチドをコードされたペプチド又はタンパク質として発現することができる。特定の特徴において、DNAはGPCR細胞外ドメイン、そして特にアミノ末端細胞外ドメインの全て又は部分をコードする。原核生物又は真核生物の系における発現のためのDNAセグメントの操作は、組み換え発現の当該分野でよく知られている手法により実施してよい。実質的に如何なる発現系も請求項記載の核酸配列の発現において使用してよいと考えられる。
1.発現されたタンパク質の精製
本発明の別の特徴は、sGPCRリガンド結合ドメインの全て又は部分を含むタンパク質又はペプチドの単離のための精製、そして特定の実施形態においては実質的な精製に関する。「精製された、又は、単離されたタンパク質又はペプチド」という用語は本明細書においては、他の成分から単離することができる組成物を指し、ここでタンパク質、ポリペプチド又はペプチドはその天然に得られる状態と相対比較して、即ちこの場合は、生物又は組織内のその純度と相対比較して、ある程度まで精製される。従って精製又は単離されたタンパク質又はペプチドはまた、それが天然に存在する環境から離脱したタンパク質又はペプチドを指す。精製又は単離されたタンパク質又はポリペプチドは少なくとも70、75、80、85、90、95、98又は99%純度又はそれより高純度であってよい。
E.sGPCRに特異的な抗体の製造
一部の実施形態のためには、例えばsCRFR2αを包含するsGPCRをコードする単離された核酸のタンパク質産物に高い特異性で結合する抗体を生産することが望ましい。特定の特徴において、GPCR、特にスプライス変異体、例えばsCRFR2αスプライス変異体のc末端を認識するかそれと結合し、これにより膜関連受容体からsGPCRポリペプチドを識別するために使用できる抗体調製品が意図される。そのような抗体は当該分野で知られた種々の用途の何れか、例えば免疫検出法、免疫沈降法、ELISA試験、タンパク質精製法等において使用してよい。抗体を作成し、特性化するための手段は当該分野で良く知られている(例えば参照により本明細書に組み込まれるHarlow and Lane,1988を参照)。
本発明はsGPCR、例えば限定しないが、GPCR、ファミリーBGPCR、ファミリーB1GPCR、CRFR又はCRFR2ポリペプチドの全て又は部分をコードする核酸を包含し、そして核酸配列の送達並びに核酸配列の転写及び/又は翻訳に必要な種々の核酸配列を包含してよい。本発明の核酸分子は核酸の種々の隣接ストレッチ、例えば、約10、15、17、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55、60、70、75、80、85、90、95、100、125、150、175、200、250、300、350、400、500、600、700、800、900、1000、1250、1500、1750、2000、2100、例えば配列表の完全長核酸配列、例えば配列番号1、3、5、7、9、11、13又は14、又は本明細書で参照したGPCRのポリヌクレオチド、そのフラグメント、本明細書に記載した、又は参照した配列を含むmRNA又はcDNAの全て又は部分を包含し、そして各々の突然変異体も意図される。同様に意図されるものは、上記した配列に相補であり、高ストリンジェンシー条件下においてこれらの配列に結合する分子である。これらのプローブは種々のハイブリダイゼーション実施形態、例えばサザン及びノーザンブロッティングにおいて有用である。
n〜n+y
ここで、nは1〜配列の最後の数の整数であり、そしてyはプライマーの長さマイナス1であり、ここでn+yは配列の最後の数を超えない。即ち、10量体については、プローブは塩基1〜10、2〜11、3〜12等々に相当する。15量体については、プローブは塩基1〜15、2〜16、3〜17等々に相当する。20量体については、プローブは塩基1〜20、2〜21、3〜22等々に相当する。
本発明の1つの実施形態はsGPCRに相当する核酸を増幅し、検出することによる、生物学的試料中の例えばCRFR2α核酸のようなsGPCR核酸の発見のための方法を包含する。生物学的試料はポリヌクレオチドが存在すると考えられる何れかの組織又は液体であることができる。増幅のための鋳型として使用される核酸は標準的な方法に従って生物学的試料に含有される細胞から単離する(Sambrook et al.,1989)。核酸は分画するか、全細胞RNAであってよい。
本発明の1つの実施形態において、細胞における増大したsGPCR発現、例えば限定しないがsCRFR2α発現のための方法が提供される。これは、タンパク質の異常があるか、又はタンパク質の発現が正常な機能の為に十分ではない場合に特に有用である。これによりsGPCRの欠損、GPCRの過剰活性化又はGPCRリガンドの大量存在の結果として経験される疾患の症状の緩解が可能となる。
別の実施形態において、本発明は、単独、又は、治療の他の様式1つ以上と組み合わせて、細胞、組織、動物、患者又は対象に投与するための製薬上許容しうる溶液中の本明細書に開示したポリヌクレオチド、ポリペプチド及び/又は抗体の組成物の1つ以上の製剤に関する。
「消化送達」という用語は動物の消化管の一部に対し、直接又はその他の態様で投与することを指す。「消化管」という用語は、口から肛門まで伸長する食物の消化及び吸収及び食物残渣の排出において機能する動物内の管状の通路及びその部分又は断片の何れか及び全て、例えば口腔、食道、胃、小腸及び大腸及び結腸、並びにその複合的部分、例えば胃腸管を指す。即ち「消化送達」という用語は幾つかの投与経路を包含し、例えば限定しないが経口、直腸、内視鏡及び舌下/口内投与が挙げられる。これらの投与様式に共通の条件は消化管の一部又は全体に亘る吸収及びそのようにして投与される核酸の効率的な粘膜通過の必要性である。
特定の用途において、本明細書に開示した医薬組成物は経口投与を介して動物、患者又は対象に送達してよい。そのような場合、これらの組成物は不活性希釈剤と共に、又は、同化可能な食用担体と共に製剤してよく、或いは、それらはハード又はソフトゼラチンカプセルに封入してよく、又は、それらは圧縮成型して錠剤としてよく、又は、それらは食餌中に直接配合してよい。
経口経路により投与される治療薬は、代替として、下部腸管経路により、即ち肛門部を経て直腸又は下部腸管に投与することができる。直腸坐剤、保持浣腸又は直腸カテーテルをこの目的の為に使用することができ、そして、患者のコンプライアンスが他の方法では達成困難な場合(例えば小児及び老人への適用、又は患者が嘔吐又は意識不明の場合)に好ましい。直腸投与は経口経路よりも急速でより高値の血中濃度をもたらす場合があるが、その逆が正しい場合もある(Harvey,1990)。直腸から吸収される治療薬の約50%は肝臓を迂回するため、この経路の投与は初回通過代謝の潜在性を大きく低下させる(Benet et al.,1996)。
「非経腸送達」という用語は、消化管を経由しない態様における動物、患者又は対象への本発明の治療薬の投与を指す。非経腸用の医薬組成物の製造及び投与の方法は当該分野で知られている(例えばAvis,1990参照)。
管状の臓器又は組織(例えば動脈、静脈、尿管又は尿道)の隔離された部分への治療薬の直接の送達のための管腔内投与はそのような臓器又は組織の管腔が罹患している疾患又は状態を有する患者の治療の為に望ましい場合がある。この様式の投与を行うためには、カテーテル又はカニューレを適切な手段により外科的に導入する。治療を希望している管状の臓器又は組織の一部を隔離した後、本発明の治療薬を含む組成物を隔離された区間内にカニューレ又はカテーテルを介して注入する。治療薬が取り込まれるか、管の内部管腔細胞と接触している約1〜約120分間のインキュベーションの後に、注入カニューレ又はカテーテルを取り外し、区間の隔離を行っていた結紮の除去により管状臓器又は組織内の流動を再開する(Morishita et al.,1993)。本発明の治療用組成物はまた生体適合性のマトリックス、例えばヒドロゲル材料と組み合わせてインビボで血管組織に直接適用してもよい。
患者の脳への治療薬の直接送達のための脳室内投与は脳が罹患している疾患又は状態を有する患者の治療の為に望ましい場合がある。この様式の投与を行う1つの方法は、シリコンカテーテルをヒト患者の脳室内に外科的に導入し、腹部領域に外科的にインプラント処置しておいた(Zimm et al.,1984;Shaw,1993)皮下注入ポンプ(Medtronic Inc.,Minneapolis,Minn.)に連結する。ポンプを用いて治療薬を注射し、そして、外部プログラム装置により厳密な用量の調節及び投薬予定の変更を可能にする。ポンプのリザーバ容量は18〜20mLであり、注入速度は0.1mL/h〜1mL/hの範囲である。毎日〜毎月の投与の頻度、及び、kg体重当たり0.01μg〜100gの投与すべき薬剤の用量に応じて、ポンプリザーバは3〜10週の間隔で再充填してよい。ポンプの再充填はポンプの自己密封セプタムの経皮的穿刺により行ってよい。
患者の脊柱への治療薬の導入のための髄腔内薬剤投与は中枢神経系の疾患を有する患者の治療の為に望ましい場合がある。この経路の投与を行うためには、シリコンカテーテルをヒト患者のL3−4腰部脊椎間空内に外科的にインプラント処置し、そして上腹部領域に外科的にインプラント処置しておいた皮下注入ポンプに連結する(Luer and Hatton,1993;Ettinger et al.,1978; Yaida et al.,1995)。ポンプを用いて治療薬を注射し、そして、外部プログラム装置により厳密な用量の調節及び投薬予定の変更を可能にする。ポンプのリザーバ容量は18〜20mLであり、注入速度は0.1mL/h〜1mL/hの範囲である。毎日〜毎月の投与の頻度、及び、kg体重当たり0.01μg〜100gの投与すべき薬剤の用量に応じて、ポンプリザーバは3〜10週の間隔で再充填してよい。ポンプの再充填はポンプの自己密封セプタムの経皮的穿刺により行ってよい。
膣送達は局所投与を可能にし、そして初回通過代謝、消化酵素による分解及び潜在的な全身性副作用を回避する。膣坐剤(Block, Chapter 87 In:Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences,18th Ed.,Gennaro,ed.,Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,Pa.,1990,p.1609−1614)又は局所用軟膏をこの様式の送達を行うために使用できる。
特定の実施形態においては、本発明者等は、適当な宿主細胞への本発明の組成物の導入のための、本発リポソーム、ナノカプセル、微粒子、微小球、脂質粒子、小胞等の使用を意図している。特に、本発明の組成物は液体粒子、リポソーム、小胞、ナノスフェア又はナノ粒子等中に封入されて送達されるために製剤してよい。
マウス可溶性CRFR2αcDNAの単離。可溶性CRFR2αスプライス変異体をマウスCRFR2αオーソログのものと平行して単離した。PCRプライマーは既知哺乳類CRFR2遺伝子の間の相同性に基づいて設計した。以下のオリゴヌクレオチドプライマー、5’CCCCGAAGCTGCCCGACTGG3’(配列番号16)(センス)及び5’GGAAGGCTGTAAAGGATGGAGAAG3’(配列番号17)(アンチセンス)を使用することにより、オリゴdT又はランダムプライマーを用いて逆転写したマウス全脳ポリ(A)+RNAから製造したcDNAをスクリーニングした。PCRは72℃において90秒の伸長を行いながら35サイクル62℃で実施した。増幅されたフラグメントをpCRIITOPOベクター(Invitrogen,Carlsbad,CA)にサブクローニングし、配列決定し、そして、エクソン6を欠失している完全長CRFR2αの新規スプライス変異体、sCRFR2αをコードしていることがわかった(Chen et al.,2005)。
より小型(〜100bp)のcDNA転写物がマウスCRFR2αの単離の間に観察されている(Van Pett et al.,2000)。このより小型のフラグメントを単離したところ、エクソン6を欠失したCRFR2αの変異体をコードすることがわかった。変異体転写物の翻訳はCRFR2αの最初の細胞外ドメインの大半とその後のユニークな38アミノ酸C末端を含む新規な143アミノ酸タンパク質、sCRFR2αを予測させるものである(図1A)。ゲンバンクのスクリーニングによれば他のタンパク質とのC末端の相同性は無かった。sCRFR2αのゲノムの配置は図1Bに示す通りである。
以下に挙げられた参考文献は、それらが背景を補足し、説明し、提供する範囲で本明細書中に参考として援用されるか、または本明細書中で用いられる方法論、技術、および/または組成物を教示している。
Claims (20)
- 配列番号4のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも98%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、単離された可溶性コルチコトロピン放出因子受容体2型(sCRFR2)であって、該sCRFR2は、コルチコトロピン放出因子受容体2型(CRFR2)リガンドに結合し、該リガンドが、コルチコトロピン放出因子(CRF)、ウロコルチン1、ウロコルチン2、ウロコルチン3又はストレスコピンである、sCRFR2。
- アフィニティータグに結合されている、請求項1記載のsCRFR2。
- 蛍光マーカーに結合されている、請求項1記載のsCRFR2。
- 免疫グロブリンドメインに結合されている、請求項1記載のsCRFR2。
- 前記免疫グロブリンドメインが免疫グロブリンFcドメインを含む、請求項4記載のsCRFR2。
- リーダー配列をさらに含む、請求項1記載のsCRFR2。
- 重合体にコンジュゲートされる、請求項1記載のsCRFR2。
- 前記重合体がポリエチレングリコール(PEG)である、請求項7記載のsCRFR2。
- 製薬上許容しうる担体に含まれる、請求項1に記載のsCRFR2。
- 配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のsCRFR2。
- アフィニティータグに結合されている、請求項10記載のsCRFR2。
- 蛍光マーカーに結合されている、請求項10記載のsCRFR2。
- 免疫グロブリンドメインに結合されている、請求項10記載のsCRFR2。
- 前記免疫グロブリンドメインが免疫グロブリンFcドメインを含む、請求項13記載のsCRFR2。
- リーダー配列をさらに含む、請求項10記載のsCRFR2。
- 重合体にコンジュゲートされる、請求項10記載のsCRFR2。
- 前記重合体がポリエチレングリコール(PEG)である、請求項16記載のsCRFR2。
- 製薬上許容しうる担体に含まれる、請求項10に記載のsCRFR2。
- コルチコトロピン放出因子受容体2型(CRFR2)の活性を低減するための組成物であって、有効用量の請求項1に記載のsCRFR2を含み、該組成物の投与により細胞表面コルチコトロピン放出因子受容体2型へのCRFRリガンドの結合が低減され、該リガンドが、コルチコトロピン放出因子(CRF)、ウロコルチン1、ウロコルチン2、ウロコルチン3又はストレスコピンである、組成物。
- コルチコトロピン放出因子受容体2型(CRFR2)の活性を低減するための組成物であって、有効用量の請求項10に記載のsCRFR2を含み、該組成物の投与により細胞表面コルチコトロピン放出因子受容体2型へのCRFRリガンドの結合が低減され、該リガンドが、コルチコトロピン放出因子(CRF)、ウロコルチン1、ウロコルチン2、ウロコルチン3又はストレスコピンである、組成物。
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- 2006-02-08 RU RU2007133648/10A patent/RU2423378C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-02-08 AT AT06734527T patent/ATE540970T1/de active
- 2006-02-08 AU AU2006212813A patent/AU2006212813B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-08 WO PCT/US2006/004321 patent/WO2006086402A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-02-08 KR KR1020077020593A patent/KR20070112155A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK1885746T3 (da) | 2012-03-26 |
RU2007133648A (ru) | 2009-03-20 |
JP2008529500A (ja) | 2008-08-07 |
KR20070112155A (ko) | 2007-11-22 |
AU2006212813A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
US20090117649A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
EP1885746A2 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
CN101137668A (zh) | 2008-03-05 |
US20070042954A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
RU2423378C2 (ru) | 2011-07-10 |
WO2006086402A2 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
CA2597065C (en) | 2014-10-14 |
EP1885746B1 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
CN101137668B (zh) | 2011-08-17 |
WO2006086402A3 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
AU2006212813B2 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
US8258279B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
US7507794B2 (en) | 2009-03-24 |
ATE540970T1 (de) | 2012-01-15 |
CA2597065A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
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