JP4829872B2 - Pillow wood for tunnel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pillow timber for use in shield construction.

  In the construction of a shield tunnel, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a construction method in which a rail R is laid in a tunnel T following a shield machine, and equipment and devices necessary for the construction are conveyed by a carriage is common. (See FIG. 5). Such a rail R is supported by a sleeper 100 which is a horizontal member laid across the inner surface of the segment S.

In the construction of large-section tunnels, a large amount of excavated soil is generated along with the excavation of the tunnel, so it is difficult to secure a disposal site to dispose of a large amount of excavated soil, as well as transportation and reforming of residual soil disposal. However, there is a problem that the cost increases.
In addition, it takes time for excavation with large cross-section faces and assembly work of segments, which has the problem that the construction work is prolonged.

  Therefore, for example, as in the construction method shown in Patent Document 2, in parallel with the excavation work of the tunnel, the roadbed is constructed behind the tunnel to shorten the construction period of the tunnel construction. In some cases, after the excavated soil is subjected to a reforming treatment by adding a solidifying material on the ground, it is carried into the mine again and reused as a roadbed material in a tunnel, thereby effectively utilizing the excavated residual soil.

JP-A-10-280900 JP 2007-191859 A

  As described above, in tunnel construction in which tunnel excavation work and roadbed construction are performed in parallel, it is necessary to perform roadbed construction under the subsequent equipment (cart, rail, etc.) of the shield machine. Therefore, it is necessary to attach the sleepers that support the following equipment to a high place so that the road bed can be installed below.

  However, if a sleeper is installed at a high position in a tunnel with a circular cross section, the span length of the sleeper becomes long.Therefore, a support member for supporting the sleeper is arranged at the longitudinal intermediate portion of the sleeper, or the cross shape of the sleeper is changed. It is necessary to have a structure that can withstand a long span by taking measures such as increasing the size. However, the reinforcement by the support member complicates the structure of the sleeper and requires time for assembling the sleeper. Therefore, the support member affects the turning work when the sleeper is diverted, and the support member hinders the construction of the roadbed. . On the other hand, increasing the cross-sectional shape of a sleeper increases the material cost of the sleeper, which is a temporary member, and deteriorates the handleability of the sleeper, so that the sleeper tunnel moved forward as the tunnel advances It interferes with the cutting work inside.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to propose a pillow wood for a tunnel that is inexpensive and can be easily installed in a tunnel.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the tunnel pillow timber of the present invention is a tunnel pillow timber for supporting a temporary construction material installed in a tunnel mine and has a chord length smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel. And an arch member horizontally mounted on the tunnel so as to form an upward arc.

  According to such a pillow wood for a tunnel, since it is configured by an arch-shaped member, an axial load increases and a bending moment and a shearing force are reduced as an acting load on the tunnel pillow wood. Therefore, for example, it becomes possible to reduce the steel material specification of the pillow timber for the tunnel, and the connection structure of the pillow timber is simplified, so that the material cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the handling efficiency is improved by reducing the weight of the pillow timber for the tunnel, the work of cutting, assembling, and transporting the pillow timber in the tunnel is facilitated, so that the workability can be improved. Here, the temporary material for construction refers to various temporary materials that are installed as needed in connection with tunnel construction, such as rails, rail-shaped steel materials, lining plates, scaffolding plates, and the like.

  Further, if the arch member is laid horizontally with both end faces thereof being abutted against the inner surface of the tunnel, the axial force acting on the arch member is directly transmitted to the segment (tunnel inner surface). Therefore, it is possible to omit a mounting member such as a bracket.

  Further, if the arch member of the tunnel pillow wood has at least one folding point and can be folded, the size (string length) of the tunnel pillow wood is shortened when the tunnel pillow wood is transported. Therefore, handling in the tunnel is facilitated, and the cutting work of the tunnel lumber is facilitated.

  In addition, if the tunnel timber has winding means connected to the arch member, and the arch member is folded by the winding means, the end of the arch member is fixed in a folded state. Therefore, the handling performance at the time of relocating the tunnel timber is improved, and safety is ensured.

  In addition, it is preferable that the tunnel timber has a horizontal member fixed above the arch member because the rail can be laid more easily.

  According to the pillow timber for a tunnel of the present invention, since it is inexpensive and can be easily installed, tunnel construction can be performed more simply and inexpensively.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a tunnel pillow 1 for supporting a temporary rail R (temporary construction material) installed in a tunnel T tunnel in construction of a large-section tunnel by a shield method. Will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tunnel T is formed by assembling the segment S behind the shield machine M together with the cutting of the natural ground G by the shield machine M. The conveyance is performed using a carriage that runs on the rail R laid in the tunnel T after the shield machine M.

  In the construction of the tunnel T according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the excavated soil is generated by using the excavated earth and sand generated along with the cutting of the tunnel T as a roadbed material.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a tunnel timber 1 according to the present embodiment is integrated with an arch member 10 that is horizontally mounted on a tunnel T (segment 2) so as to form an upward arc, and an upper surface of the arch member 10. And a horizontal member 11 fixed thereto.

Arch member 10 is smaller than the inner diameter T _D of the chord length L of the tunnel T, also, the curvature thereof is formed to be larger than the curvature of the segment.
The material which comprises the art member 10 is not limited, For example, it can select and use suitably from steel materials, such as H-shaped steel, a groove type steel, and a square steel pipe.

  The arch member 10 is placed on the tunnel T, and the both ends of the arch member 10 are laid on the inner surface of the segment S constituting the tunnel T. The load is handled by the axial force.

  The arch member 10 includes a main body portion 10a and folding portions 10b that are foldably attached to both ends of the main body portion 10a, and is wound up in the vicinity of each folding portion 10b and connected to the arch member 10. Means 12 and 12 are provided.

  The main body portion 10a and the bent portion 10b are configured such that the arch member 10 can be installed on the tunnel T in a state where the end faces of each other are abutted. And the main-body part 10a and the bending part 10b are rotatably connected in the lower end of this abutting surface, and the bending part 10b is comprised so that it can be folded by operating the winding means 12 and 12. ing.

Arch member 10 has its end face (end face of the body portion 10a of the bent portion 10b opposite) is higher than the upper surface of the subgrade T _R, and the inner diameter T _D of the tunnel T _(inner size) is maximized In a state of being arranged at a position lower than the height, it is installed in the tunnel T tunnel.
In the present embodiment, a contact plate such as a urethane pad is interposed between the end surface of the arch member 10 and the segment S, so that the segment S is protected and the tunnel wood 1 for the longitudinal direction of the timber 1 is used. Prevent falling.

  In the present embodiment, a manual winding winch is employed as the winding means 12. The winding means 12 is installed at the end of the horizontal member 11 and both ends of the main body 10a, and the tip of the wire extended from each winding means 12 is connected to the bent portion 10b. Thereby, the folding means 12 can be folded and stretched (deployed) by the winding means 12 at the folding point.

  The horizontal member 11 is a member made of a steel material such as an H-shaped steel, a grooved steel, or a square steel pipe, and is configured to have a length equivalent to the chord length L of the main body 10a in the present embodiment. The length of the horizontal member 11 is not limited as long as it is shorter than the radius of the tunnel T.

The horizontal member 11 has an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction (lateral direction with respect to the tunnel cross section) fixed to the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the arch member 10 and is erected at the end of the main body portion 10a (arch member 10). Both ends of the horizontal member 11 are fixed by the support member 14 thus formed.
Note that the method for fixing the horizontal member 11 to the arch member 10 is not limited, and can be set as appropriate.

At both ends of the horizontal member 11, winding means 12 connected to the bent portions 10b are installed.
In the state where the tunnel pillow 1 is installed in the tunnel T, a rail R laid along the tunnel axis is placed on the upper surface of the horizontal member 11 so that the carriage can run.
In addition, a detachable scaffold 15 is installed in the gap between both ends of the horizontal member 11 and the segment S of the tunnel T.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2 thru | or FIG. 4, the tunnel construction using the pillow wood 1 for tunnels of this embodiment is demonstrated.

Construction of the tunnel T, in parallel with the cutting of natural ground G, performs backfill assembly and subgrade T _R of the segment S.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the natural ground is cut using a shield machine M having a shape corresponding to the designed excavation cross section, and the assembly of the segment S is performed behind the shield machine M along with excavation. Do.

Moreover, the backfill subgrade T _R, the excavated earth and sand generated due to the cutting of natural ground G, was improved by improved plant P which is disposed behind the shield machine for tunnel sleepers material the improved soil 1 This is done by backfilling below.
The excavation earth and sand improvement plant P used as a roadbed material may be installed outside the tunnel T. After the excavation earth and sand are transported to the outside of the tunnel and subjected to the improvement treatment, the tunnel T It is good also as a structure conveyed and buried in a mine. Further, roadbed T _R may be constituted by floor and wall members made of concrete members and steel members, it is not limited to when it is formed by the backfill.

Each material required with the excavation of the tunnel T of Segment S is laid and on the subgrade T _R after completion, in the upper roadbed T tunnel sleepers material 1 which is laid over the construction point of the _R It is transported in the direction of the face of the tunnel T by a carriage D traveling on the rail R.

Tunnel sleepers material 1, depending on the progress of the construction of excavation and subgrade T _R by the shield machine M, by relocating the sleepers member 1 at any time wellhead side working face side, in accordance with the progress of the tunnel construction A traveling surface of the carriage D is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tunnel pillow 1 is transported via the carriage D in a state where the bent portion 10 b is folded. At this time, the tunnel sleeper 1 is transported in a direction in which the longitudinal direction is along the axial direction of the tunnel 1.

  When the tunnel pillow 1 is transported to the vicinity of the installation location behind the shield machine, it is transferred from the carriage D to the crane C and transported to a predetermined installation location.

  When the tunnel sleeper 1 reaches the desired position, the tunnel sleeper 1 is rotated by 90 ° as shown in FIG. 3A, and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel sleeper 1 coincides with the transverse direction of the tunnel T. It will be in a state that The tunnel pillow 1 is lowered to a position on the work scaffold 16 where the operator can operate the hoisting means 12.

  When the tunnel sleeper 1 is lowered, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the winding means 12 is operated to pull up the bent portion 10b so that the end face of the bent portion 10b and the end face of the main body portion 10a are moved. The arch member 10 is extended by contact.

  Further, the tunnel pillow 1 is lowered to bring the end face of the arch member 10 into contact with the inner surface of the segment S, and the tunnel pillow 1 is installed on the inner surface of the segment S. When the tunnel pillow 1 is installed on the segment S, the detachable scaffold 15 is installed.

  With the progress of the excavation of the natural ground G by the shield machine M and the progress of the construction of the road floor material, as shown in FIG. It is transported to the face side.

Removal of the tunnel for the sleeper member 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 (a), performed by using a crane C which is installed on the roadbed T _R.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the tunnel pillow 1 is lifted by the crane C, and then the operator operates the winding means 12 to fold the bent portion 10b. Then, when the folding of the bent portion 10b is completed, as shown in FIG. 4B, the tunnel pillow wood 1 is raised to at least a height that does not come into contact with the worker, and then the tunnel pillow wood 1 Is rotated by 90 ° to coincide with the tunnel axis direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tunnel timber 1 is transferred to the carriage D in a state in which the longitudinal direction thereof is directed to the tunnel axis direction, and is then transported in the face direction and installed at a predetermined position. The

  By repeating the above operations, the tunnel pillow 1 is moved.

  As described above, according to the tunnel timber 1 according to this embodiment, the load acting on the tunnel timber 1 is handled by the axial force of the arch member 10, so that excellent proof stress is expressed. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the use of steel compared to conventional pillow timber made of only horizontal members. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the material cost of the tunnel timber, and to improve the handling by improving the weight of the tunnel timber, thereby improving the workability.

  Further, since the arch member 10 is horizontally mounted with its both end faces being in contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T, a structure for transmitting the axial force acting on the arch member 10 directly to the segment S (the wall surface of the tunnel T). Is configured. Therefore, a special mounting member such as a bracket can be omitted and the tunnel pillow 1 can be installed, so that it is inexpensive and excellent in workability.

  Moreover, since the arch member 10 has a fold point and can be transported in a state in which the bent portion 10b is folded, the handling of the timber 1 for the tunnel pillow 1 is improved and the workability is improved. Is excellent.

  Further, since the arch member 10 is folded through the winding means 12, the work is easy and the safety of the worker can be ensured.

  Further, since the rail R is laid using the horizontal member 11 fixed to the upper surface of the arch member 10, the rail R can be easily positioned and fixed.

Also, with larger than the arc of the arc segments S of the arch member 10, because it is set at a position higher than the surface of the subgrade T _R the installation location of the end face of the arch member 10, hinder the construction of roadbed Without adversely affecting the transportation of the segment S or the like.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment was described about this invention, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A design change is possible suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the arch member is configured to have break points at two locations, but the number of break points of the arch member is not limited and can be set as appropriate.

  The installation location, configuration, number, and the like of the winding means are not limited and can be set as appropriate. Further, the winding means may be installed as necessary, and is not necessarily installed.

  Further, the horizontal member may be installed as necessary, and the horizontal member may be omitted and the rail may be laid directly on the upper surface of the arch member. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although one steel material was fixed to the upper surface of an arch member as a horizontal member, you may fix so that two steel materials may extend sideways from an arch member. Further, the horizontal member may have a break point similarly to the arch member, so that the handling property may be improved.

Moreover, the installation location, installation interval, etc. of the tunnel timber can be set as appropriate.
Further, the type of crane or carriage is not limited, and any known model may be selected and used as appropriate.

Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the pillow wood for tunnels of this invention was used in construction of a shield tunnel, it can be used also for TBM, a mountain tunnel, etc.
Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel is not limited to a circle, and may be, for example, a rectangle, an ellipse, a double circle, or a horseshoe.

In the above embodiment, the end surface of the arch member is abutted against the surface of the segment through a contact plate made of urethane pad or the like. However, the contact plate may be interposed as necessary and is necessarily arranged. There is no. Moreover, the material which comprises an address plate is not limited, What is necessary is just to select suitably and use.
Moreover, you may use members other than a guard plate, such as an anchor pin, as a member which prevents the pillow wood 1 for tunnels to roll in the front-back direction.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the rail is laid on the tunnel timber is described. However, the member supported by the tunnel timber is not limited to the rail. For example, a rail-shaped steel material or a lining plate is used. Other construction temporary materials such as scaffolding plates may be used.

It is a front view which shows the pillow wood for tunnels which concerns on suitable embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the transfer method of the pillow timber for tunnels which concerns on suitable embodiment of this invention. (A) And (b) is a front view which shows the attachment method of the pillow wood for tunnels shown in FIG. (A) And (b) is a front view which shows the removal method of the pillow wood for tunnels shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows the conventional pillow wood for tunnels.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pillow wood for tunnels 10 Arch member 11 Horizontal member 12 Winding means 13 Joint plate for water stop L String length R Rail (temporary material for construction)
S Segment T tunnel T _R subgrade

Claims (5)

Tunnel timber for supporting temporary construction materials installed in the tunnel mine,
A pillow timber for a tunnel, comprising an arch member that has a chord length smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel and is laid across the tunnel so as to form an upward arc.   The timber for a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the arch member is horizontally mounted in a state in which both end surfaces thereof are abutted against the inner surface of the tunnel.   The timber for a tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the arch member has at least one folding point and is foldable. Having hoisting means connected to the arch member;
The timber for a tunnel according to claim 3, wherein the arch member is folded by the winding means.   5. The tunnel pillow according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal member is fixed above the arch member. 6.

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