JP4776149B2 - Carbohydrate absorption inhibitor and food - Google Patents

Carbohydrate absorption inhibitor and food Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4776149B2
JP4776149B2 JP2003089996A JP2003089996A JP4776149B2 JP 4776149 B2 JP4776149 B2 JP 4776149B2 JP 2003089996 A JP2003089996 A JP 2003089996A JP 2003089996 A JP2003089996 A JP 2003089996A JP 4776149 B2 JP4776149 B2 JP 4776149B2
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tea
carbohydrate absorption
roasted
effect
leaves
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JP2004292404A (en
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太作 金谷
徹 薦田
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Kracie Foods Ltd
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Kracie Foods Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、食事由来の糖質の吸収を阻害することによる血糖値の上昇を抑制し、糖質が貯蔵脂肪として蓄積することを有効に防止し得る糖質吸収抑制剤及び食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
体内の脂肪は、消費エネルギーに対し、摂取エネルギーの過剰分が、白色脂肪細胞の中性脂肪として蓄積して生じる物である。体脂肪としての蓄積が大きい肥満は、美容上好ましくないばかりでなく、動脈硬化等の様々な疾病を引き起こす。最近、過食、運動不足、ストレス等による肥満が増加しているが、反面、特に女性は外見上からもスリムな引き締まった体を切望する傾向にある。また、体脂肪の一種である皮下脂肪等の蓄積は、健康上も好ましくなく、皮下脂肪等の減少、もしくは蓄積の防止が重要な問題となっている。
【0003】
そこで、体脂肪の減少のために、食欲抑制剤等の経口薬、食事制限及び運動等によるアプローチも種々なされているが、これらは栄養学、医学等の知識に基づく専門家の指導のもとに行われ、かつ長期的に体重管理をすることが必要である。
【0004】
しかし、このような指導を受けたとしても、毎日の食事摂取自体は個人に委ねられており、煩雑なカロリー計算などが求められる。そこで、簡便な方法として、例えば、糖質などの吸収阻害作用を有するお茶などの飲食物を食事のたびに摂取することが行われている。
【0005】
上記糖質などの吸収を阻害するお茶としては、糖質の吸収抑制効果を有する桑葉を焙煎した桑葉茶に、緑茶などを混合して、桑葉茶の飲みにくさを改良したものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。また、生桑葉に含まれる1−デオキシノジリマイシンと、緑茶等に含まれるフラボノイドとを組合せることにより血糖抑制効果が得られることが知られている(例えば、特許文献2参照。)。また、α−アミラーゼ阻害作用のある柿葉、バナバ葉、トチュウ葉などからの抽出物を有効成分とする抗肥満剤が知られている(例えば、特許文献3参照。)。また、不発酵茶粉砕物に、グアバなどの粉砕物を組み合わせて、微量栄養素を補いつつ、肥満防止効果が得られることが知られている(例えば、特許文献4参照。)。また、生桑葉の抽出物とカワラケツメイ抽出物とを組み合わせて使用することにより、体重抑制の効果を得られることが知られている(例えば、特許文献5参照。)。
【0006】
しかしながら、上記のうち、特許文献3及び4は、血糖降下作用が十分ではなく、また風味も、毎日の食事のたびに常用するには適していない。
一方、特許文献2及び5では、桑葉特有の味のマスキングが十分ではなく、毎日の食事の度にお茶代わりに飲むと、食事自体もまずく感じてしまうという欠点がある。そこで、特許文献1のように桑葉を焙煎することによって特有のにおいや苦味を軽減する方法も行われているが、桑葉を焙煎すると、血糖抑制効果が減少してしまうという欠点がある。
このように、一般人が簡便に利用でき、皮下脂肪等を抑制又は減少させる満足な効果を有し、風味の良い糖質吸収抑制剤や食品は、見出されていなかった。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開平11−155539号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平9−140351号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平9−227398号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平7−147903号公報
【特許文献5】
特開平11−187843号公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、食事由来の糖質の吸収を阻害して全身もしくは局所の脂肪組織への蓄積を防止することによる肥満体質の改善に有効で、便通改善効果をも合わせ持つ、風味が良く、毎日の食事とともに摂取しやすい糖質吸収抑制剤及び食品を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、焙煎した桑葉と、下記漢方由来素材(a)とを含有することを特徴とする糖質吸収抑制剤により上記目的を達成する。
(a)蕃柘榴と、下記から選ばれた少なくとも1種。
山査子、桔梗、高麗人参、杜仲茶、陳皮、クチナシの実、ウコン、熊笹、ギムネマ、薄荷、生姜、ナツメ、麦芽、甘草、ハブ茶
【0010】
好ましくは、焙煎した桑葉1重量部に対し、漢方由来素材(a)を0.1〜3重量部含有する。
【0011】
また、好ましくは、さらに、下記基材茶(b)を含有する。
(b)ツバキ科の茶樹の葉茶、ハト麦茶、甜茶、バナバ茶の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種。
【0012】
更に好ましくは、基材茶(b)1重量部に対し、漢方由来素材(a)を0.1〜3.0重量部、同じく焙煎した桑葉を0.001〜10重量部含有する。
【0013】
また、本発明は、焙煎した桑葉と、下記漢方由来素材(a)とを含有することを特徴とする食品により上記目的を達成する。
(a)蕃柘榴と、下記から選ばれた少なくとも1種。
山査子、桔梗、高麗人参、杜仲茶、陳皮、クチナシの実、ウコン、熊笹、ギムネマ、薄荷、生姜、ナツメ、麦芽、甘草、ハブ茶
【0014】
好ましくは、さらに、下記基材茶(b)を含有する。
(b)ツバキ科の茶樹の葉茶、ハト麦茶、甜茶、バナバ茶の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種。
【0015】
すなわち、本発明者らは、まず、風味改善のために予め焙煎した桑葉を用いることを想起した。しかしながら、焙煎した桑葉は、生桑葉に比べ糖質吸収抑制効果が劣る点に着目し、その効果を補うと共に、更に風味を改善し得る素材について種々検討を行った。その結果、焙煎した桑葉とともに、特定の漢方由来素材を用いると、相乗的効果によって、焙煎した桑葉の少ない使用量で糖質吸収抑制効果が得られ、かつ、毎日の食事とともに摂取しても、食事自体の風味に影響することがない良好な風味となること、更に驚くべきことに、便通改善効果をも合わせ持つことを見出した。なお、更に好適には上記成分に特定の基材茶を用いると、上記効果をより顕著に得られることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明を詳しく説明する。
本発明の糖質吸収抑制剤は、焙煎した桑葉と、特定の漢方由来素材とを含有する。
【0017】
まず、本発明に用いられる桑葉は、クワ科のクワ属の落葉高木の葉であり、例えば、ヤマグワ、カラヤマグワ、ロソウの葉などが挙げられる。
本発明に用いる桑葉は、焙煎されていることが風味の点で必要である。本発明でいう「焙煎」とは、「火入れ」とも呼ばれ、桑葉が乾熱加熱によって焙煎香が付与されている状態を意味する。
焙煎方法としては、例えば、ドラム型直火火入れ機、熱風型焙煎機、ニーダー式回転焙煎機等を用いて、乾熱加熱によって60〜200℃、1〜60分程度焙煎する方法が挙げられるが、桑葉の水分、風味などにより、焙煎機、温度、時間を適宜選択すればよい。
【0018】
次に、本発明に用いられる漢方由来素材は、蕃柘榴と、山査子、桔梗、高麗人参、杜仲茶、陳皮、クチナシの実、ウコン、熊笹、ギムネマ、薄荷、生姜、ナツメ、麦芽、甘草、ハブ茶の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種とを含有する。
【0019】
まず、蕃柘榴は、バンジロウ、グアバともいわれ、熱帯アメリカ原産のフトモモ目フトモモ科シジュウム(PSIDIUM)属の常緑樹で、その葉もしくは果実を用いる。
【0020】
山査子は、中国の東北、山東、山西等に分布しているサンザシ、オオミサンザシ、あるいはその同属(バラ科)の偽果である。
【0021】
桔梗は、キキョウ科キキョウ属の多年草で、その若葉を用いる。
【0022】
高麗人参は、朝鮮人参とも呼ばれ、ウコギ科オタネニンジン属の多年生草本で、その根を用いる。
【0023】
杜仲茶は、トチュウ科トチュウの葉である。
【0024】
陳皮は、カンキツ属植物のみかんの成熟もしくは未成熟果皮である。
【0025】
クチナシの実は、アカネ科クチナシ属の常緑低木で、その果実を用いる。
【0026】
ウコンはショウガ科の植物で、ターメリックとも呼ばれ、その根を用いる。
【0027】
熊笹は、イネ科の植物で、その葉を用いる。
【0028】
ギムネマは、ガガイモ科の植物で、その葉を用いる。
【0029】
薄荷は、シソ科の多年草で、その葉を用いる。
【0030】
生姜は、ショウガ科の植物であり、その根茎を用いる。
【0031】
ナツメは、クロウメモドキ科の植物で、その果実を用いる。
【0032】
麦芽は、大麦を水に漬けて発芽させ、焙煎して乾燥したものである。
【0033】
甘草は、マメ科の耐寒性の多年草草木で、その根を用いる。
【0034】
ハブ茶は、マメ科エビスグサで、その種子を用いる。生薬名は決明子である。
【0035】
上記漢方由来素材は、蕃柘榴に組合せる素材は、単独でも複数組み合わせてもよいが、山査子、桔梗、高麗人参、陳皮、薄荷を組み合わせると、風味がよく、糖質吸収抑制効果及び便通改善効果が高い点で好適である。
【0036】
また、上記漢方由来素材において、蕃柘榴以外の漢方由来素材1重量部に対し、蕃柘榴を2重量部以上とすることが、糖質吸収抑制効果を高める点で好適である。
【0037】
本発明の糖質吸収抑制剤において、上記焙煎した桑葉と漢方由来素材の含有比率は、好ましくは、焙煎した桑葉1重量部に対し、漢方由来素材0.1〜3重量部とすることが糖質吸収抑制効果及び風味の点で好適である。
【0038】
本発明の糖質吸収抑制剤では、上記焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材の他に、特定の基材茶を含有させることが、糖質吸収抑制効果、便通改善効果及び風味の点で好適である。
【0039】
本発明に用いられる基材茶は、ツバキ科の茶樹の葉茶、ハト麦茶、甜茶、バナバ茶の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種である。
【0040】
ツバキ科の茶樹の葉は、必要に応じ、発酵、半発酵、不発酵の処理を行い、中国茶、紅茶、緑茶などに加工すればよい。これらは複数組み合わせてもよい。
中国茶としては、例えば、弱発酵茶(白茶、黄茶など)、半発酵茶(ウーロン茶などの青茶)、後発酵茶(プーアール茶などの黒茶など)や、緑茶に花のつぼみや香りをブレンドした、ジャスミン茶などの花茶等が挙げられる。
【0041】
ハト麦茶は、中国南部から東南アジアを原産とするイネ科キビ亜科ジュズダマ属の一年生草本の植物の種実を煎って煎じたものである。
【0042】
甜茶は、一般には「甘いお茶」の総称で知られており、例えば、ユキノシタ科のロウレンシュウキュウ、アカネ科のギウハクトウ、ブナ科のタスイカ、バラ科のテンチャケンコウシの4種が挙げられ、これらの葉を用いる。
【0043】
バナバ茶は、ミソハギ科のオオバナサルスベリの葉である。
【0044】
上記基材茶は、1種類でも複数組み合わせてもよい。特に、緑茶、ウーロン茶、ハト麦茶、紅茶、プーアール茶の組み合わせは、糖質吸収抑制効果及び便通改善効果が高く、風味がよい点で好適である。
【0045】
本発明の糖質吸収抑制剤において、上記基材茶を含有させる場合、該基材茶、漢方由来素材、焙煎した桑葉の含有比率は、好ましくは、基材茶1重量部に対し、漢方由来素材が0.1〜3重量部、同じく焙煎した桑葉が0.001〜10重量部であることが、風味がよく、糖質吸収抑制相乗効果及び便通改善効果が得られる点で好適である。
【0046】
本発明の糖質吸収抑制剤には、副原料を含有してもよい。副原料としては、通常の食品において使用される、糖類、香料、乳化剤、乳製品、蛋白質、アスコルビン酸もしくはその塩類、重曹、安定剤、着色料、酸味料、油脂、穀類、卵類、ガムベース、カフェイン等のキサンチン誘導体、桑の実、肥満の抑制又は防止作用を有する公知物質等が挙げられ、適宜選択して用いればよい。
【0047】
本発明の糖質吸収抑制剤は、上記原料をそのまま粉砕などしてブレンドした粉砕物や、これらを水、アルコールなどの極性溶媒で抽出した抽出物として用いることができる。
あるいは、上記原料となる葉や種実などの植物組織を、水や各種溶質を含有する溶媒(例えば牛乳、砂糖水、フレーバー水等)などの水性媒体で抽出して得られる。水性媒体は、適宜加温してもよい。なお、水性媒体による抽出は、他の成分を加えた状態で抽出してもよい。
ここで、抽出物とする場合には、抽出方法として、溶媒を糖質吸収抑制剤に添加し、攪拌した後、ろ過する等の方法等が挙げられる。この時、溶媒の温度は好ましくは80℃以上、更に好ましくは90℃以上が抽出効率の点で望ましい。また、溶媒添加量は、糖質吸収抑制剤の20〜40倍重量、更に好ましくは30倍重量とすることが抽出効率の点で望ましい。
【0048】
また、糖質吸収抑制剤の最終剤形としては、錠剤、軟膏、クリーム、エキス、粉末、顆粒、ペースト、香料など、適宜の形態で用いればよい。
【0049】
例えば、糖質吸収抑制剤として、糖質吸収抑制粉末の製造は次のようにして行われる。
まず、予め焙煎した桑葉、漢方由来素材及び必要に応じて副原料を準備する。次に、これらを粉体混合することにより、糖質吸収抑制粉末を得る。なお、基材茶を含有させる場合には、上記焙煎した桑葉、漢方由来素材と共に粉体混合すればよい。
【0050】
次に、本発明の食品は、上記糖質吸収抑制剤の原料と同じ焙煎した桑葉及び特定の漢方由来素材を含有する。
食品の形態としては、例えば、飲料(液状、粉末状)、ティーバッグ、冷菓、糖菓(チューインガム、キャンディ、グミ、ゼリー等)、錠菓、ベーカリー食品(クッキー、ビスケット、パン、パイ、ケーキ等)や、各種調理品(麺類、スナック、調味料、米飯類など)等が挙げられる。
【0051】
本発明の食品では、上記焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材の他に、基材茶を含有させることが、糖質吸収抑制効果、便通改善効果及び風味の点で好適である。
上記基材茶は、糖質吸収抑制剤で述べたものである。
【0052】
本発明の食品においては、上記焙煎した桑葉、漢方由来素材、基材茶は、そのまま粉砕などしてブレンドした粉砕物や、これらを水、アルコールなどの極性溶媒や水性媒体等で抽出した抽出物で用いることができるが、食感及び風味の点で抽出物で用いることが望ましい。
【0053】
本発明の食品には、副原料を含有してもよい。副原料としては、糖質吸収抑制剤で述べたものである。
【0054】
本発明の食品には、上記焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材の合計含有量が、可溶性固形分換算で、好ましくは0.001重量%以上、更に好ましくは0.1〜1重量%であることが、血糖降下作用及び連食しやすい飽きのこない味にする点で好適である。また、基材茶を含有させる場合は、焙煎した桑葉、漢方由来素材及び基材茶の合計含有量が上記重量になればよい。なお、上記各成分の好適な含有比率は、糖質吸収抑制剤で述べた通りである。
更に、上記含有量の必須成分が、1回の摂取量で0.3g以上であることが、糖質吸収抑制効果及び便通改善効果の点で好適である。
【0055】
例えば、本発明の食品として、チューインガムの製造は次のようにして行われる。
まず、酢酸ビニル樹脂、天然樹脂、ワックス、弾性体などのガムベース基材を混合機に投入し、110〜120℃まで加熱し、ガムベース基材が融解後、約1時間均質になるまで混合する。次いで、乳化剤を添加し、15分混合した後、常温まで冷却してチューインガムベースを得る。
一方で、予め焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材を準備し、該原料に溶媒を添加、攪拌した後、ろ過して、抽出物を得る。なお、基材茶を含有させる場合は、上記焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材と共に添加、攪拌等を行う。
次に、上記チューインガムベースに、上記抽出物及び必要に応じて副原料を添加、混合した後、板状、ブロック状などの適宜の形状に成形した後、必要に応じて包装し、チューインガムを得る。
【0056】
また、例えば、飲料の製造は次のようにして行われる。
まず、焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材を準備し、これら原料の20〜40倍重量の熱水(80〜100℃)で5〜20分撹拌しながら、抽出する。なお、基材茶を含有させる場合には、上記焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材と共に抽出する。
次に、上記抽出物に必要に応じて副原料を添加、混合した後、室温以下程度(20〜40℃程度)に冷却後、1μmのフィルターでろ過し、水で約2倍に希釈する。更に、これを70℃前後に加温し、缶などの包装体に充填密封(巻き締め)し、レトルト殺菌(130℃10分程度)すれば缶入り糖質吸収抑制飲料が得られる。
【0057】
また、例えば、ティーバッグは、焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材を準備し、これら原料を1mm程度に粉砕した後、不織布製などの包装袋に、所定量収容すれば、ティーバッグが得られる。なお、基材茶を含有させる場合には、上記焙煎した桑葉及び漢方由来素材と共に粉砕、収容等を行う。
上記ティーバッグの使用例は、例えば、喫飲時にティーバッグをカップに入れ、80〜100℃の湯を注いで、しばらく抽出して飲用に供したり、やかんに沸かした熱湯中にティーバッグを投入して、煮出した後、冷やして飲用したりするなどの方法が挙げられる。
【0058】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明の糖質吸収抑制剤及び食品は、焙煎した桑葉の糖質吸収抑制効果の低下を補いつつ、風味を改善し、相乗的効果によって、焙煎した桑葉の少ない使用量で糖質吸収抑制効果が得られる。
また、本発明によれば、毎日の食事とともに摂取しても、食事自体の風味に影響することがない良好な風味が得られる。従って、長期にわたり連食がしやすく、また飽きのこない風味付けができるので、痩身用の補助食品として好適な食品とすることができる。
本発明は、糖質の全身あるいは局所の脂肪組織への蓄積を防止し、肥満の抑制又は防止、肥満体質の改善に有効な食品を提供できる。
また、本発明によれば、腸内細菌叢を改善して、便通を改善する効果を有する。
更には、本発明は、カルシウム、鉄、亜鉛、マグネシウムの摂取方法として有効である。
【0059】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例、比較例に基づき、具体的に説明する。
【0060】
〈実施例1〜4、比較例1〜3〉
《糖質吸収抑制剤の調製》
表1に示す組成で、基材茶(b)、漢方由来素材(a)、桑葉(c)を準備し、これらの合計10重量部に、92℃の蒸留水700重量部を添加し、9分間撹拌しながら抽出し、140メッシュの金網によりろ過した。これを約20℃に冷却後、コーヒー用ペーパーフィルター(孔径約20μm)を用いてろ過した。次に、ろ紙(孔径約1μm)を用いてろ過し、缶に190g充填後、巻き締めし、131℃10分レトルト殺菌して流水で約20℃まで冷却することにより糖質吸収抑制剤を得た。
なお、表1中の焙煎桑葉は、ニーダー式回転焙煎機を用いて、70℃55分の条件で焙煎したものである。
【0061】
上記のようにして得られた糖質吸収抑制剤を以下のように評価した。その結果を表1に併せて示す。
【0062】
《風味の評価》
専門パネラー10名が、実施例品、比較例品を毎日30日間、1日1回190gずつ夕食後に喫飲し、その風味(食事との違和感のないおいしさ、連食しやすさ)を評価した。
【0063】
《糖質吸収阻害率の測定》
▲1▼酵素液の調製
マルターゼ、スクラーゼは、市販のラット腸管アセトン粉末(SIGMA社製)に、9倍量の56mMマレイン酸緩衝液(pH6.0)を加え、氷中にてガラスホモジナイザーで均質化した。その後、遠心分離(3000rpm、10min、4℃)し、その上澄み液を粗酵素とした。マルターゼ反応には、粗酵素の20倍希釈液、スクラーゼ反応には2倍希釈液を用いた。希釈には、上記緩衝液を用いた。
▲2▼活性の測定
2%マルトースまたは、2%スクロース溶液0.6mlに、実施例品、比較例品0.6mlを各々添加し、37℃にて5分間保温後、上記酵素希釈液を0.6ml加え、37℃にて120分間反応させた。
対照には、緩衝液を添加、ブランクには失活酵素を用いた。反応停止は沸騰水中で10分間加熱して酵素を失活させた。反応停止後、遠心分離(3000rpm、10min)し、その上澄み液を蒸留水で10倍に希釈した。これを、たんぱく質及び塩除去のために、Sep−Pak C18及びSep−Pak Almina A(Waters社製)のカートリッジを通した。その後、マルトース、スクロース、グルコース量を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで測定した。阻害率は、次式によって算出した。
阻害率(%)=(対照生成グルコース量−実施例品もしくは比較例品添加時生成グルコース量)÷対照生成グルコース量×100
【0064】
《便通改善効果の評価》
便秘がちの成人女性20名が毎日30日間、1日1回190gずつ夕食後に喫飲し、便通改善効果を評価した。
【0065】
【表1】

Figure 0004776149
【0066】
〈実施例5〉
実施例1で得た糖質吸収抑制剤を、減圧濃縮し、常法により真空凍結乾燥したものを用い、表2に示す組成で板チューインガム(3g/枚)を調製した。
【0067】
上記のようにして得られた板チューインガムの、風味、糖質吸収阻害率及び便通改善効果を以下のように評価した。その結果を表2に併せて示す。
【0068】
《風味の評価》
専門パネラー10名が、毎日30日間、1日3回食後に6g(2枚)、計18g(6枚)摂取し、その風味を評価した。
【0069】
《糖質吸収阻害率の測定》
▲1▼測定溶液の調製
実施例5で得られたチューインガム3gを細断し、200mlの蒸留水(30℃)とともに、スターラーで20分間攪拌し、ろ過して測定溶液とした。
▲2▼活性の測定
2%マルトースまたは、2%スクロース溶液0.6mlに、上記測定溶液0.6mlを各々添加し、37℃にて5分間保温後、実施例1で用いた酵素希釈液を0.6ml加え、37℃にて120分間反応させた。
対照には、緩衝液を添加、ブランクには失活酵素を用いた。反応停止は沸騰水中で10分間加熱して酵素を失活させた。反応停止後、遠心分離(3000rpm、10min)し、その上澄み液を蒸留水で10倍に希釈した。これを、たんぱく質及び塩除去のために、Sep−Pak C18及びSep−Pak Almina A(Waters社製)のカートリッジを通した。その後、マルトース、スクロース、グルコース量を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで測定した。阻害率は、上記糖質吸収抑制剤における糖質吸収阻害率の測定で用いた式によって算出した。
【0070】
《便通改善効果の評価》
便秘がちの成人女性20名が毎日30日間、1日3回食後に6g(2枚)、計18g(6枚)摂取し、便通改善効果を評価した。
【0071】
【表2】
Figure 0004776149
【0072】
以上の結果から、実施例品は、有意に糖質吸収抑制効果が見られた。また、実施例品は、いずれも長期にわたって摂取しても飽きがこない、連食に適した、食事との違和感のないおいしさを有するものであった。更に、実施例品は、便通改善効果に優れていた。
これに対し、比較例品は風味が悪かったり、糖質吸収抑制効果が得られず、体脂肪減少効果が不十分であった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a carbohydrate absorption inhibitor and a food that can suppress an increase in blood sugar level due to inhibition of absorption of diet-derived carbohydrates and can effectively prevent the accumulation of carbohydrates as stored fat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Fat in the body is a product of excess energy consumed compared to energy consumed, accumulated as neutral fat in white fat cells. Obesity with a large accumulation as body fat is not only cosmetically unfavorable, but also causes various diseases such as arteriosclerosis. Recently, obesity due to overeating, lack of exercise, stress, and the like has increased, but on the other hand, women tend to crave a slim, firm body in terms of appearance. In addition, accumulation of subcutaneous fat, which is a kind of body fat, is not preferable for health, and it is an important problem to reduce or prevent the accumulation of subcutaneous fat.
[0003]
In order to reduce body fat, various approaches such as appetite suppressants such as oral drugs, dietary restrictions, and exercise have been made, but these are under the guidance of experts based on knowledge in nutrition and medicine. It is necessary to manage weight in the long term.
[0004]
However, even if such guidance is received, daily meal intake itself is left to the individual, and complicated calorie calculation is required. Therefore, as a simple method, for example, food and drink such as tea having an absorption inhibitory action such as sugar is taken every meal.
[0005]
The tea that inhibits the absorption of saccharides, etc., is a tea that has improved the difficulty of drinking mulberry leaf tea by mixing green tea with mulberry leaf tea roasted mulberry leaves that have the effect of suppressing the absorption of carbohydrates Is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). Moreover, it is known that the blood glucose suppression effect is acquired by combining 1-deoxynojirimycin contained in raw mulberry leaves and a flavonoid contained in green tea or the like (for example, see Patent Document 2). In addition, an anti-obesity agent containing an extract from bud leaves, banaba leaves, eucommia leaves and the like having an α-amylase inhibitory action is known (see, for example, Patent Document 3). In addition, it is known that an obesity prevention effect can be obtained while supplementing micronutrients by combining a pulverized product such as guava with an unfermented tea pulverized product (see, for example, Patent Document 4). Moreover, it is known that the effect of weight suppression can be obtained by using a combination of an extract of fresh mulberry leaves and an extract of Kawarataketsumei (see, for example, Patent Document 5).
[0006]
However, among the above, Patent Documents 3 and 4 do not have a sufficient hypoglycemic effect, and the flavor is not suitable for regular use at every meal.
On the other hand, Patent Documents 2 and 5 have a drawback that the taste masking peculiar to mulberry leaves is not sufficient, and if the drink is taken instead of tea every meal, the meal itself feels bad. Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, a method of reducing specific smell and bitterness by roasting mulberry leaves has also been carried out, but when mulberry leaves are roasted, there is a drawback that the blood glucose suppression effect decreases. is there.
As described above, no sugar absorption inhibitor or food that has a satisfactory effect of suppressing or reducing subcutaneous fat or the like and having a good flavor has been found.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-155539 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-14351 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-9-227398 [Patent Document 4]
JP 7-147903 A [Patent Document 5]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-187843
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to obesity by inhibiting absorption of diet-derived carbohydrates and preventing accumulation in whole body or local adipose tissue It is an object of the present invention to provide a carbohydrate absorption inhibitor and a food that are effective in improving the stool and also have the effect of improving bowel movement, have a good flavor and are easy to take with daily meals.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This invention achieves the said objective with the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor characterized by containing the roasted mulberry leaf and the following Kampo origin raw material (a).
(A) Saddle and at least one selected from the following.
Yamazuko, Kikyo, Ginseng, Tochu tea, Chen bark, gardenia, turmeric, kumaromi, gymnema, light load, ginger, jujube, malt, licorice, hub tea 【0010】
Preferably, 0.1-3 parts by weight of the Kampo-derived material (a) is contained per 1 part by weight of roasted mulberry leaves.
[0011]
Moreover, Preferably, the following base tea (b) is contained further.
(B) At least one selected from leaf tea, camellia tea, strawberry tea, and banaba tea from the camellia family.
[0012]
More preferably, 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of the Kampo-derived material (a) and 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of roasted mulberry leaves are contained per 1 part by weight of the base tea (b).
[0013]
Moreover, this invention achieves the said objective with the foodstuff containing the roasted mulberry leaf and the following Chinese medicine origin raw material (a).
(A) Saddle and at least one selected from the following.
Yamasuko, bellflower, ginseng, chuchu tea, chenz, gardenia, turmeric, kumaromi, gymnema, light load, ginger, jujube, malt, licorice, hub tea 【0014】
Preferably, the base material tea (b) below is further contained.
(B) At least one selected from leaf tea, camellia tea, strawberry tea, and banaba tea from the camellia family.
[0015]
That is, the inventors first recalled using mulberry leaves roasted in advance to improve the flavor. However, paying attention to the fact that the roasted mulberry leaves are inferior in the carbohydrate absorption inhibitory effect compared with the raw mulberry leaves, various studies were made on materials that can supplement the effect and further improve the flavor. As a result, when a specific Chinese herb-derived material is used together with roasted mulberry leaves, a synergistic effect can provide a carbohydrate absorption suppression effect with a small amount of roasted mulberry leaves, and it can be taken with daily meals. However, it has been found that it has a good flavor that does not affect the flavor of the meal itself, and surprisingly, it also has a bowel movement improving effect. Furthermore, it has been found that the above effect can be obtained more significantly when a specific base tea is used as the above component, and the present invention has been completed.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
The carbohydrate absorption inhibitor of the present invention contains roasted mulberry leaves and a specific Chinese medicine-derived material.
[0017]
First, the mulberry leaves used in the present invention are leaves of deciduous trees of the genus Mulaceae of the mulberry family, and examples thereof include leaves of Yamaguchi, Karayamaguwa, and Soso.
The mulberry leaves used in the present invention must be roasted from the viewpoint of flavor. The term “roasting” as used in the present invention is also referred to as “burning” and means a state in which roasted scent is imparted to mulberry leaves by dry heat heating.
As a roasting method, for example, a method of roasting at 60 to 200 ° C. for about 1 to 60 minutes by dry heat heating using a drum-type direct-fired roaster, a hot air roaster, a kneader rotary roaster, or the like. The roasting machine, temperature, and time may be appropriately selected depending on the moisture and flavor of mulberry leaves.
[0018]
Next, the Chinese herb-derived materials used in the present invention are cucumbers, yamakoko, bellflowers, ginseng, tochu tea, cinnamon, gardenia, turmeric, bear cucumber, gymnema, light load, ginger, jujube, malt, licorice, hub Contains at least one selected from tea.
[0019]
First, moths are also called bunjirou and guava, and are evergreen trees belonging to the genus Psidia, which are native to tropical America and use their leaves or fruits.
[0020]
Yamako is a habit of hawthorn, white hawthorn, or its genus (Rosaceae) distributed in Northeast, Shandong, Shanxi, etc. in China.
[0021]
Yellow bellflower is a perennial plant belonging to the genus Oleaceae and uses its young leaves.
[0022]
Ginseng is also called ginseng, and is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Panaxenaceae, and uses its roots.
[0023]
Tochu tea is a leaf of the Eucommia family.
[0024]
Chen is the mature or immature pericarp of the mandarin oranges.
[0025]
Gardenia is an evergreen shrub belonging to the genus Rubiaceae, which uses its fruit.
[0026]
Turmeric is a ginger family plant, also called turmeric, and uses its roots.
[0027]
Kumagusu is a grass family plant that uses its leaves.
[0028]
Gymnema is a plant of the genus Pleurotus and uses its leaves.
[0029]
A light load is a perennial plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae and uses its leaves.
[0030]
Ginger is a ginger family plant and uses its rhizome.
[0031]
Jujube is a plant belonging to the family of buckthorn and uses its fruit.
[0032]
Malt is a product of germinating barley in water, roasting and drying.
[0033]
Licorice is a cold-resistant perennial plant that uses legumes.
[0034]
Hub tea is leguminous Ebisugua and uses its seeds. Herbal medicine name is Akemiko.
[0035]
The above Chinese herb-derived materials may be combined alone or in combination with multiple ingredients, but when combined with Yamako, Kikyo, Ginseng, Chestnut, and light load, the flavor is good and the effect of suppressing carbohydrate absorption and improving bowel movement Is suitable in terms of high.
[0036]
Moreover, in the said Kampo origin material, it is suitable at the point which raises a carbohydrate absorption inhibitory effect to make a cocoon into 2 weight part or more with respect to 1 weight part of Kampo origin materials other than a cocoon.
[0037]
In the sugar absorption inhibitor of the present invention, the content ratio of the roasted mulberry leaves and the Kampo material is preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of the Kampo material to 1 part by weight of the roasted mulberry leaves. It is preferable in terms of the carbohydrate absorption inhibitory effect and flavor.
[0038]
In the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor of the present invention, in addition to the roasted mulberry leaves and Chinese medicine-derived materials, it is preferable to contain a specific base tea in terms of the carbohydrate absorption suppression effect, the bowel movement improving effect, and the flavor. It is.
[0039]
The base tea used in the present invention is at least one selected from leaf tea, camellia tea, strawberry tea and banaba tea of the camellia family.
[0040]
The leaves of the camellia tea tree may be processed into Chinese tea, black tea, green tea, etc., if necessary by performing fermentation, semi-fermentation or non-fermentation treatment. A plurality of these may be combined.
Examples of Chinese tea include weakly fermented tea (white tea, yellow tea, etc.), semi-fermented tea (blue tea such as oolong tea), post-fermented tea (black tea such as pu-erh tea), green tea, and flower buds and aromas. And flower teas such as jasmine tea.
[0041]
Pigeon tea is roasted from the seeds of an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Jizudama from the southern China to Southeast Asia.
[0042]
Amber tea is generally known by the generic name of “sweet tea”. For example, there are four types of genus, Laurentia cucumber of the family Cyprinidae; Use leaves.
[0043]
Banaba tea is the leaf of the giant crape myrtle.
[0044]
The base tea may be a single type or a combination of a plurality of types. In particular, the combination of green tea, oolong tea, pigeon tea, black tea, and pu-erh tea is preferable in that it has a high sugar absorption suppressing effect and a bowel movement improving effect, and has a good flavor.
[0045]
In the sugar absorption inhibitor of the present invention, when the base tea is contained, the content ratio of the base tea, the Chinese medicine-derived material, and the roasted mulberry leaves is preferably 1 part by weight of the base tea. From 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of Kampo-derived material and 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of roasted mulberry leaves, the flavor is good, and a carbohydrate absorption inhibition synergistic effect and a bowel movement improving effect are obtained. Is preferred.
[0046]
The carbohydrate absorption inhibitor of the present invention may contain an auxiliary material. As an auxiliary material, sugars, flavors, emulsifiers, dairy products, proteins, ascorbic acid or salts thereof, baking soda, stabilizers, coloring agents, acidulants, fats and oils, cereals, eggs, gum base, Xanthine derivatives such as caffeine, mulberry seeds, known substances having an action of inhibiting or preventing obesity, and the like can be mentioned, and these may be appropriately selected and used.
[0047]
The carbohydrate absorption inhibitor of the present invention can be used as a pulverized product obtained by pulverizing the above raw materials as they are, or an extract obtained by extracting them with a polar solvent such as water or alcohol.
Alternatively, it is obtained by extracting plant tissues such as leaves and seeds as the raw material with an aqueous medium such as water or a solvent containing various solutes (for example, milk, sugar water, flavored water, etc.). The aqueous medium may be appropriately heated. In addition, you may extract in the state which added the other component for extraction by an aqueous medium.
Here, when it is set as an extract, the method of adding a solvent to a saccharide | sugar absorption inhibitor, stirring, and filtering etc. is mentioned as an extraction method. At this time, the temperature of the solvent is preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 90 ° C. or higher in view of extraction efficiency. The solvent addition amount is preferably 20 to 40 times the weight of the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor, more preferably 30 times the weight, in view of extraction efficiency.
[0048]
Moreover, what is necessary is just to use a tablet, an ointment, a cream, an extract, a powder, a granule, a paste, a fragrance | flavor etc. as appropriate forms as a final dosage form of a carbohydrate absorption inhibitor.
[0049]
For example, as a carbohydrate absorption inhibitor, the production of a carbohydrate absorption suppression powder is performed as follows.
First, mulberry leaves roasted in advance, Chinese herb-derived materials, and auxiliary materials as necessary are prepared. Next, by mixing these powders, a carbohydrate absorption-suppressed powder is obtained. In addition, what is necessary is just to powder-mix with the said roasted mulberry leaf and a Chinese medicine origin material, when making base tea contain.
[0050]
Next, the food of the present invention contains the same roasted mulberry leaves and specific Chinese medicine-derived materials as the raw material for the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor.
Examples of food forms include beverages (liquid, powder), tea bags, frozen desserts, confections (chewing gum, candy, gummi, jelly, etc.), tablet confectionery, bakery foods (cookies, biscuits, bread, pies, cakes, etc.) And various cooked products (noodles, snacks, seasonings, cooked rice, etc.).
[0051]
In the food of the present invention, in addition to the roasted mulberry leaves and Chinese medicine-derived materials, it is preferable to contain base tea in terms of the carbohydrate absorption inhibitory effect, the bowel movement improving effect, and the flavor.
The base tea is the same as the sugar absorption inhibitor.
[0052]
In the food of the present invention, the roasted mulberry leaves, Chinese herb-derived material, base tea are crushed and blended by pulverization as they are, and these are extracted with a polar solvent such as water or alcohol, an aqueous medium, or the like. Although it can be used with an extract, it is desirable to use it with an extract in terms of texture and flavor.
[0053]
The food of the present invention may contain an auxiliary material. The auxiliary raw materials are those described in the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor.
[0054]
In the food of the present invention, the total content of the roasted mulberry leaves and the Chinese medicine-derived material is preferably 0.001% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight in terms of soluble solid content. It is preferable in terms of hypoglycemic action and a timeless taste that is easy to eat continuously. Moreover, when it contains base tea, the total content of the roasted mulberry leaf, the Chinese medicine origin material, and base tea should just become the said weight. In addition, the suitable content ratio of each said component is as having mentioned the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the essential component having the above content is 0.3 g or more in a single intake in terms of the carbohydrate absorption suppressing effect and the bowel movement improving effect.
[0055]
For example, as a food of the present invention, chewing gum is produced as follows.
First, a gum base substrate such as vinyl acetate resin, natural resin, wax, elastic body or the like is put into a mixer, heated to 110 to 120 ° C., and mixed until the gum base substrate is homogeneous for about 1 hour after melting. Next, an emulsifier is added, mixed for 15 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a chewing gum base.
On the other hand, a mulberry leaf and Chinese medicine-derived material roasted in advance are prepared, a solvent is added to the raw material, the mixture is stirred, and then filtered to obtain an extract. In addition, when making base tea contain, it adds, stirs, etc. with the said roasted mulberry leaf and a Chinese medicine origin material.
Next, after adding and mixing the extract and, if necessary, auxiliary materials to the chewing gum base, after forming into an appropriate shape such as a plate shape or a block shape, packaging is performed as necessary to obtain a chewing gum .
[0056]
In addition, for example, the production of a beverage is performed as follows.
First, roasted mulberry leaves and Chinese medicine-derived materials are prepared and extracted while stirring with hot water (80 to 100 ° C.) 20 to 40 times the weight of these raw materials for 5 to 20 minutes. In addition, when containing base tea, it extracts with the said roasted mulberry leaf and a raw material derived from Chinese medicine.
Next, after adding and mixing auxiliary materials as necessary to the above extract, the mixture is cooled to about room temperature or lower (about 20 to 40 ° C.), filtered through a 1 μm filter, and diluted about 2 times with water. Furthermore, if this is heated to around 70 ° C., filled and sealed (wrapped) in a package such as a can, and sterilized by retort (about 130 ° C. for about 10 minutes), a canned sugar absorption-suppressed beverage can be obtained.
[0057]
Also, for example, a tea bag can be obtained by preparing roasted mulberry leaves and Chinese medicine-derived materials, pulverizing these raw materials to about 1 mm, and then storing a predetermined amount in a non-woven fabric packaging bag. . In addition, when it contains base tea, it grind | pulverizes, accommodates, etc. with the said roasted mulberry leaf and a Chinese medicine origin material.
Use examples of the above tea bags include, for example, putting tea bags into cups when drinking, pouring hot water at 80-100 ° C, extracting for a while, or putting tea bags in hot water boiled in a kettle Then, after boiling, it can be cooled and drunk.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor and food of the present invention improve the flavor while supplementing the decrease in the carbohydrate absorption inhibitory effect of roasted mulberry leaves, and by synergistic effects, A carbohydrate absorption inhibitory effect can be obtained with a small amount of use.
Moreover, according to this invention, even if it ingests with a daily meal, the favorable flavor which does not affect the flavor of meal itself is obtained. Therefore, it is easy to eat continuously over a long period of time, and since it can be flavored without getting tired, it can be made a food suitable as a supplement for slimming.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can prevent the accumulation of carbohydrates in the whole body or a local adipose tissue, and can provide a food effective for suppressing or preventing obesity and improving obesity.
Moreover, according to this invention, it has the effect which improves intestinal microflora and improves bowel movement.
Furthermore, the present invention is effective as a method for taking calcium, iron, zinc and magnesium.
[0059]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0060]
<Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-3>
<< Preparation of carbohydrate absorption inhibitor >>
In the composition shown in Table 1, base tea (b), Chinese herb-derived material (a), and mulberry leaf (c) were prepared, and 700 parts by weight of 92 ° C. distilled water was added to a total of 10 parts by weight. The mixture was extracted with stirring for 9 minutes and filtered through a 140 mesh wire mesh. After cooling this to about 20 ° C., it was filtered using a paper filter for coffee (pore size: about 20 μm). Next, it is filtered using a filter paper (pore size: about 1 μm), filled with 190 g in a can, wound up, sterilized by retort at 131 ° C. for 10 minutes, and cooled to about 20 ° C. with running water to obtain a carbohydrate absorption inhibitor. It was.
The roasted mulberry leaves in Table 1 were roasted using a kneader-type rotary roasting machine at 70 ° C. for 55 minutes.
[0061]
The carbohydrate absorption inhibitor obtained as described above was evaluated as follows. The results are also shown in Table 1.
[0062]
<Evaluation of flavor>
Ten expert panelists drank the example product and the comparative product for 30 days every day, 190g once a day after dinner, and evaluated their flavors (taste with no discomfort with meals, ease of eating together). .
[0063]
<Measurement of carbohydrate absorption inhibition rate>
(1) Preparation of enzyme solution Maltase and sucrase were added to a commercially available rat intestinal acetone powder (manufactured by SIGMA) by adding 9 volumes of 56 mM maleate buffer (pH 6.0) and homogenized with a glass homogenizer in ice. Turned into. Thereafter, the mixture was centrifuged (3000 rpm, 10 min, 4 ° C.), and the supernatant was used as a crude enzyme. A 20-fold diluted solution of the crude enzyme was used for the maltase reaction, and a 2-fold diluted solution was used for the sucrase reaction. The above buffer solution was used for dilution.
(2) Measurement of activity Add 0.6 ml of each of the example product and the comparative product to 0.6 ml of 2% maltose or 2% sucrose solution, and incubate at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes. .6 ml was added and reacted at 37 ° C. for 120 minutes.
A buffer was added as a control, and an inactivated enzyme was used as a blank. To stop the reaction, the enzyme was inactivated by heating in boiling water for 10 minutes. After stopping the reaction, the mixture was centrifuged (3000 rpm, 10 min), and the supernatant was diluted 10 times with distilled water. This was passed through Sep-Pak C 18 and Sep-Pak Almina A (Waters) cartridges for protein and salt removal. Thereafter, the amounts of maltose, sucrose and glucose were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The inhibition rate was calculated by the following formula.
Inhibition rate (%) = (Control produced glucose amount−Glucose produced when Example product or Comparative product was added) ÷ Control produced glucose amount × 100
[0064]
<< Evaluation of bowel movement improvement effect >>
Twenty adult women, who tend to be constipated, drank 190 g once a day after dinner for 30 days every day, and evaluated the effect of improving bowel movements.
[0065]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004776149
[0066]
<Example 5>
The chewing gum inhibitor (3g / sheet) having the composition shown in Table 2 was prepared using the carbohydrate absorption inhibitor obtained in Example 1 under reduced pressure concentration and freeze-dried by a conventional method.
[0067]
The flavor, sugar absorption inhibition rate, and bowel movement improving effect of the plate chewing gum obtained as described above were evaluated as follows. The results are also shown in Table 2.
[0068]
<Evaluation of flavor>
Ten professional panelists ingested 6g (2 sheets), a total of 18g (6 sheets) after eating three times a day for 30 days every day, and evaluated the flavor.
[0069]
<Measurement of carbohydrate absorption inhibition rate>
(1) Preparation of measurement solution 3 g of the chewing gum obtained in Example 5 was shredded, stirred with 200 ml of distilled water (30 ° C) for 20 minutes with a stirrer, and filtered to obtain a measurement solution.
(2) Measurement of activity 0.6 ml of the above measurement solution was added to 0.6 ml of 2% maltose or 2% sucrose solution, and the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then the enzyme dilution used in Example 1 was used. 0.6 ml was added and reacted at 37 ° C. for 120 minutes.
A buffer was added as a control, and an inactivated enzyme was used as a blank. To stop the reaction, the enzyme was inactivated by heating in boiling water for 10 minutes. After stopping the reaction, the mixture was centrifuged (3000 rpm, 10 min), and the supernatant was diluted 10 times with distilled water. This was passed through Sep-Pak C 18 and Sep-Pak Almina A (Waters) cartridges for protein and salt removal. Thereafter, the amounts of maltose, sucrose and glucose were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The inhibition rate was calculated by the formula used in the measurement of the carbohydrate absorption inhibition rate in the above carbohydrate absorption inhibitor.
[0070]
<< Evaluation of bowel movement improvement effect >>
Twenty adult women who tend to have constipation took 6 g (2 sheets) after meals 3 times a day for 30 days every day for a total of 18 g (6 sheets) to evaluate the effect of improving bowel movements.
[0071]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004776149
[0072]
From the above results, the product of Example showed a significant carbohydrate absorption inhibitory effect. In addition, all of the example products had a delicious taste that does not get tired even if ingested over a long period of time, is suitable for continuous meals, and does not feel uncomfortable with meals. Furthermore, the Example product was excellent in the effect of improving bowel movement.
On the other hand, the comparative product was poor in flavor or did not have the effect of suppressing carbohydrate absorption, and the effect of reducing body fat was insufficient.

Claims (2)

焙煎した桑葉、蕃石榴、高麗人参、薄荷、麦芽及びツバキ科の茶樹の葉茶を含有することを特徴とする便通改善剤。  A bowel movement improving agent comprising roasted mulberry leaves, garnet rice cake, ginseng, light load, malt and camellia tea leaves. 更に、山査子、杜仲茶及びナツメを含有する請求項1記載の便通改善剤。  Furthermore, the bowel movement improving agent of Claim 1 containing Yamako, Tochuchu tea, and jujube.
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