JP4775187B2 - 熱可塑性エラストマー組成物、及び成形部材 - Google Patents
熱可塑性エラストマー組成物、及び成形部材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4775187B2 JP4775187B2 JP2006236625A JP2006236625A JP4775187B2 JP 4775187 B2 JP4775187 B2 JP 4775187B2 JP 2006236625 A JP2006236625 A JP 2006236625A JP 2006236625 A JP2006236625 A JP 2006236625A JP 4775187 B2 JP4775187 B2 JP 4775187B2
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- thermoplastic elastomer
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Description
本発明の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物の一実施形態は、(A)イソブチレン−イソプレン共重合ゴム(以下、「(A)成分」ともいう)50〜90質量%と、(B)α−オレフィン系結晶性熱可塑性樹脂(以下、「(B)成分」ともいう)1〜49質量%と、(C)ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ(GPC)により測定したポリスチレン換算数平均分子量(Mn)が10,000以上であるα−オレフィン系非晶質熱可塑性樹脂(以下、「(C)成分」ともいう)1〜49質量%と、を含む原料組成物(但し、(A)+(B)+(C)=100質量%)を、(D)架橋剤(以下、「(D)成分」ともいう)の存在下に動的に熱処理してなる、(E)フタル酸エステル系可塑剤、脂肪酸エステル系可塑剤、トリメリット酸エステル系可塑剤、石油系軟化剤、植物油系軟化剤、及びポリブテン油(以下、「(E)成分」又は「軟化剤」ともいう)のいずれも実質的に含有しないものである。以下、その詳細について説明する。
本実施形態の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物を構成する(A)成分(以下、「ブチルゴム」ともいう)は、イソブチレンに由来する構成単位と、イソプレンに由来する構成単位とを含む、不飽和度の低いゴム状無晶形共重合体である。このイソブチレン−イソプレン共重合ゴムは、例えば、イソブチレンと少量のイソプレンを、メチルクロリド中で、無水塩化アルミニウムを触媒として使用して−100℃程度の低温でスラリー重合した後、乾燥することにより得ることができる。
(B)α−オレフィン系結晶性熱可塑性樹脂は、α−オレフィンに由来する構成単位(b1)を含む重合体である。また、(B)成分の、X線回折による結晶化度は50%以上、好ましくは53%以上、更に好ましくは55%以上である。この結晶化度は、密度と密接に関係している。例えば、(B)成分がポリプロピレンである場合、α型結晶(単斜晶形)の密度は0.936g/cm3、スメチカ型微結晶(擬六方晶形)の密度は0.886g/cm3、非晶質(アタクチック)成分の密度は0.850g/cm3である。また、(B)成分がポリ−1−ブテンである場合、アイソタクチック結晶成分の密度は0.91g/cm3、非晶質(アタクチック)成分の密度は0.87g/cm3である。
α−オレフィン系非晶質熱可塑性樹脂は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ(GPC)により測定したポリスチレン換算数平均分子量(Mn)が10,000以上のものである。このような(C)成分により、得られる熱可塑性エラストマー組成物の柔軟性及びゴム弾性が向上するという利点がある。
カラム;有機溶媒系GPCカラム「TSKgel GMHHR−H(30)(商品名)」(充填剤;ポリスチレンゲル、粒子径;30μm、カラムサイズ;7.8mmI.D.×300mm、東ソー社製)
検出器;示差屈折率計
温度;40℃
溶媒;テトラヒドロフラン
流速;1ml/分
本実施形態の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物を製造するために用いられる(D)成分は、架橋剤である。(D)成分の種類は、特に限定されない。但し、(B)成分及び(C)成分の融点以上の温度における動的熱処理により、少なくとも(A)成分を架橋し得る化合物であることが好ましい。
を生起し、(A)成分と架橋構造を形成するという観点から、分子中に水素−ケイ素結合を少なくとも2個有するものが好ましい。例えば、下記一般式(2)〜(8)で表されるものを挙げることができる。
明の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物に使用することができるヒドロシリル化触媒としては、ヒドロシリル化反応において触媒作用を示すものであれば、特に制限はないが、例えば、遷移金属化合物:Fe(CO)5、Co(CO)8、RuCl3、IrCl3、〔(オレフィン)PtCl2〕2、ビニル基含有ポリシロキサン−Pt錯体、H2PtCl6・6H2O、L3RhCl3、L2Ni(オレフィン)、L4Pd、L4Pt、L2NiCl2、L2PdCl2(但し、L=PPh3又はPR’3、ここで、Phはフェニル基、R’はアルキル基を示す)を挙げることができる。これらの中でも、白金化合物が好ましい。なお、遷移金属化合物は、通常、各種有機溶媒で希釈して添加、又はゴムに希釈して添加する方法を挙げることができる。添加する際の温度としては、通常、10〜200℃、好ましくは20〜170℃である。
本実施形態の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、各種の添加剤及び/又は充填剤を含有させることができる。添加剤としては、老化防止剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤、耐候剤、非ハロゲン系難燃剤、充填剤、防菌・防かび剤、ブロッキング剤、シール性改良剤、熱安定剤、光安定剤、銅害防止剤等の安定剤、金属不活性剤、結晶核剤、粘着付与剤、発泡助剤、着色剤(染料、顔料等)等を挙げることができる。
本実施形態の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物には、(A)成分、(B)成分、(C)成分、(D)成分及び必要に応じて用いられる添加剤等以外にも、その他の重合体成分が含有されていてもよい。含有させることのできるその他の重合体成分の種類は、得られる熱可塑性エラストマー組成物の気体不透過性、柔軟性、引張強さ・伸び・モジュラス等の機械的物性、ゴム弾性(圧縮永久歪み)等を阻害しないものであれば、特に限定されない。
本実施形態の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物は、(E)フタル酸エステル系可塑剤、脂肪酸エステル系可塑剤、トリメリット酸エステル系可塑剤、石油系軟化剤、植物油系軟化剤、及びポリブテン油のいずれも実質的に含有しないものであることが好ましい。これらを実質的に含有しないものとすると、長期間にわたって優れた気体不透過性を維持できるという効果を得ることができる。また、軟化剤のブリードアウトが生じ難く、長期間にわたって優れた柔軟性、ゴム弾性を発揮するという効果も得ることができる。
本実施形態の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物は、(A)成分、(B)成分、及び(C)成分を上述した含有量で含有した原料組成物に(D)架橋剤を加え、動的に熱処理することによって製造することができる。ここで、「動的に熱処理する」とは、剪断力を加えること、及び加熱することの両方を行うことをいう。そして、このような動的な熱処理によって得られる本実施形態の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物は、具体的には、(B)成分及び(C)成分を海相とし、この海相中に、(A)成分の粒子が島相として分散している、いわゆる海島構造を構成している。
次に、本発明の成形部材について説明する。本発明の成形部材の一実施形態は、これまで述べてきた熱可塑性エラストマー組成物を成形してなるものである。従って、本実施形態の成形部材は、リサイクル可能であるとともに、気体不透過性、柔軟性、引張強さ・伸び・モジュラス等の機械的物性、ゴム弾性(圧縮永久歪み)のバランスが優れ、ブリードアウトが生じ難いものであり、シール材、チューブ材として好適である。
以下の実施例、比較例で製造した熱可塑性エラストマー組成物のペレットを用いて、そのペレットを圧縮成形機により加熱下に圧縮成形し、厚さ500μmのシート状試験片を作製し、これらを用いて酸素透過度の測定を行い、気体不透過性の指標とした。酸素透過度の測定はJIS K7126のA法(気圧法)に準拠して、酸素圧1気圧、温度40℃、湿度90%RHの条件で行った。
JIS K6253に準拠して、デュロA硬度における測定開始5秒後の硬度を測定し、柔軟性の指標とした。
160℃に加熱した加圧型ニーダー(容量10リットル、モリヤマ社製)に(A)イソブチレン−イソプレン共重合ゴムとしてブチルゴム(商品名「Butyl268」、JSR社製)75部、(B)α−オレフィン系結晶性熱可塑性樹脂として結晶性ポリプロピレン(商品名「サンアロマー PM900A」、サンアロマー社製)12.5部、及び(C−1)α−オレフィン系非晶質熱可塑性樹脂としてエチレン・プロピレン・1−ブテン共重合体、(商品名「ベストプラスト888」、デグサ社製)12.5部を投入した。(B)α−オレフィン系結晶性熱可塑性樹脂、及び(C−1)α−オレフィン系非晶質熱可塑性樹脂が溶融して各成分が均一に分散するまで、40rpm(ずり速度200/sec)で15分間混練することにより、溶融状態の混練物を得た。得られた溶融状態の混練物を、フィーダールーダー(モリヤマ社製)を用いてペレット化した混練物を得た。ペレット化した混練物100部、及び(D)架橋剤としてアルキルフェノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂、(商品名「タッキロール201」、田岡化学工業社製)2部をヘンシェルミキサーに投入し、30秒間混合した。その後、二軸押出機(同方向完全噛合い型スクリュー、L/D=33.5、池貝社製)を使用し、200℃、滞留時間1分30秒、300rpm、(ずり速度400/sec)で動的熱処理を行いながら押し出して、ペレット状の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物(実施例1)を得た。
表1に示す配合処方とすること以外は、前述の実施例1の場合と同様にして、ペレット状の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物(実施例2,3、比較例1〜10)を得た。得られた熱可塑性エラストマー組成物を、前述の実施例1の場合と同様にして射出成型することにより、物性評価用の試験片を作製した。作製した試験片の各種物性値の測定結果、及び特性の評価結果を表1に示す。
Claims (5)
- (A)イソブチレン−イソプレン共重合ゴム50〜90質量%と、
(B)α−オレフィン系結晶性熱可塑性樹脂1〜49質量%と、
(C)ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ(GPC)により測定したポリスチレン換算数平均分子量(Mn)が10,000以上であるα−オレフィン系非晶質熱可塑性樹脂1〜49質量%と、を含む原料組成物(但し、(A)+(B)+(C)=100質量%)を、
(D)架橋剤の存在下に動的に熱処理してなる、
(E)フタル酸エステル系可塑剤、脂肪酸エステル系可塑剤、トリメリット酸エステル系可塑剤、石油系軟化剤、植物油系軟化剤、及びポリブテン油のいずれも実質的に含有しない熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。 - 前記(D)架橋剤が、有機過酸化物、フェノール樹脂架橋剤、及びヒドロシリル化架橋剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である請求項1に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物を成形してなる成形部材。
- シール材、又はチューブ材である請求項3に記載の成形部材。
- コンデンサ用、バッテリー用、トナーケース用、インクカートリッジを含むインクジェットプリンター用、フラットパネルディスプレイ用、又は筐体用である請求項3又は4に記載の成形部材。
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