JP4753631B2 - Automatic water level management method in the work room in the pneumatic caisson method. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a work room automatic water level adjustment system and a management method thereof in a pneumatic caisson method (hereinafter abbreviated as caisson method) in the construction field, a program thereof, and a recording medium.

  In the conventional caisson method, it is known that the work machine or work equipment in the work room is operated by unattended remote operation, and the inspection work is performed in the remote control room on the ground without human being entering the work room. (See Patent Document 1).

  Then, compressed air adjusted to an air pressure corresponding to the groundwater pressure is normally sent into the work chamber, and the air pressure in the work chamber is set to a predetermined pressure according to caisson settlement due to excavation of the ground in the work chamber. By stabilizing the set pressure, the groundwater level of the work room excavation ground is managed to be kept constant, and the work space is maintained so that smooth excavation work can be performed safely.

JP 2004-346591 A

  However, under the above work conditions, the management of atmospheric pressure changes in the working room is not only about the caisson depth that is submerged 40 meters deep, but also the maintenance of the surrounding environment as well as the health and safety of workers. However, in the past, the manager has determined the change in atmospheric pressure based on past history information and has set the atmospheric pressure to a predetermined set pressure.

  For this reason, in the management work by the above-mentioned manual work, it takes time and is dangerous, and the accuracy of the set pressure is not only low, but it is easy to misunderstand. Because it has an effect on shortening, the management of changes in the air pressure in Kanko is also eagerly desired to be unmanned.

  However, when managing changes in atmospheric pressure in the working room, various factors such as soil quality at the construction site, excavation status, caisson inclination, and time difference until steady water level recovery due to hydraulic conductivity of excavated soil that changes with the depth of excavation are taken into account. In consideration, it is necessary to set the atmospheric pressure appropriately.

  That is, if the set pressure of the atmospheric pressure in the working chamber is low, the equilibrium state with the groundwater pressure is lost, and the water level in the working chamber rises and is submerged. On the other hand, if the set pressure of the atmospheric pressure is high, the water level in the working chamber will drop, and air equivalent to the differential pressure between the groundwater pressure and the feed pressure by the compressed air sent into the working chamber will leak from the caisson blade, and this leakage will occur. Not only does the air blown out into bubbles and loosen the ground surrounding the caisson, but it can also diffuse into the range of several hundred meters depending on the geology and ground conditions in the vicinity of the caisson. Adversely affect the surrounding environmental pollution. In addition, if the set pressure of the atmospheric pressure remains high, unless the set value is lowered, air corresponding to the pressure difference from the groundwater pressure leaks from the caisson blade, so more compressed air can be used to compensate for the leak amount. It must be manufactured and supplied with air, and the power consumption required to operate an air compressor that manufactures and supplies compressed air in the working chamber is also increased.

  As a result, conventionally, there has been a problem that there are various difficulties as described above in order to automate the management system of the atmospheric pressure change in the working chamber.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to automatically adjust and control the air pressure and the air supply amount of compressed air supplied into the work room with a computer based on the water level of the pothole of the excavation ground in the work room. To stably maintain and manage the atmospheric pressure, and program all the conditions that may cause the assumed atmospheric pressure change in a comprehensive manner. Automatic water level adjustment system in the work room in the pneumatic caisson method and its management method, in which voice / characters, graphics, etc. are displayed so that the set value of the air pressure can be changed easily and easily, It is another object of the present invention to provide a program and a recording medium.

(1) The work room automatic water level management method in the pneumatic caisson method of the present invention is configured to supply compressed air to the work chamber in the pneumatic caisson, and to maintain the work chamber pressure at a predetermined set pressure. A subsidence detection means for detecting the presence or absence of caisson subsidence, a water level detection means for detecting the water level of the water surface of the pottery recessed in advance in the excavation ground, and a pressure detection in the work room for detecting a change in the pressure in the work room. Based on the means, the inclination detection means for detecting the inclination of the caisson, and various data from each of these detection means, the air pressure and the air supply amount of the compressed air by the air supply means are adjusted, and the water level of the kettle is And a control means for controlling by a computer so that the water level is automatically maintained at a predetermined set water level, and a change in the water level of the pot place recessed in the excavation ground in the work room of the caisson is performed. The amount of compressed air sent into the work chamber when the water level in the pot place exceeds the preset allowable water level range is changed to the air pressure and the air supply amount corresponding to the amount of change in the water level. A step of automatically adjusting and controlling to stably maintain the atmospheric pressure in the work chamber according to the set water level, and detecting the presence or absence of the caisson subsidence with a subsidence meter, and the relative water level in the pottery due to the caisson subsidence. Step of supplying compressed air into the working chamber based on the amount of caisson settlement and the maximum blade edge height associated with the lowering and rising of the blade bottom due to the inclination angle θ of the caisson. The caisson does not sink, and when the water level in the pot is lower than the allowable range of the set water level, the adjustment control is performed so that the pressure in the working chamber is lowered according to the set water level; and the caisson does not sink The water level in Kamaba A step of adjusting and controlling the pressure in the working chamber to increase to the working room pressure corresponding to the set water level when the water level rises above the allowable range of the constant water level; Warning when the water level recovery tendency is not seen, and switching the water level management to manual.

  According to the present invention, the computer automatically adjusts and controls the air pressure and the air supply amount of the compressed air supplied into the work chamber based on the water level of the potyard drilled on the excavation surface of the excavation ground in the work chamber. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure can be stably maintained and managed, and all situations that cause the assumed atmospheric pressure change can be programmed comprehensively and easily operated by operation on a general-purpose computer. It is possible to display voice / characters, graphics, etc. so that they can be recognized and judged without error, and can easily and easily change the set values of the air pressure and the amount of air supplied.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view schematically showing a caisson set-up state in the pneumatic caisson method according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of an automatic management system in a work room, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a detection state of a change in atmospheric pressure by a water gauge, and FIG. It is.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a guide rail 4 is laid on the lower surface of the ceiling slab 3 of the work chamber 2 formed on the inner bottom of the caisson 1 installed on the ground of the structure construction site, The excavator 5 is assembled so as to be able to travel along the guide rail 4, and the caisson 1 is set by the excavator 5 while excavating the excavation surface G of the excavation ground in the work chamber 2. .

  The excavator 5 is monitored by a plurality of monitoring cameras 6, 6 installed in the work room 2, and the situation is personal computer of the remote operation room 8 temporarily installed on the ground via the communication line 7. (Hereinafter abbreviated as CPU) 9 and displayed on the monitoring monitor 10 for monitoring by a supervisor or inspector (hereinafter referred to as a manager) OP, and based on the obtained information, By remotely operating the excavator 5, the excavation surface G of the excavation ground in the work chamber 2 is excavated. The CPU 9 stores in advance various data based on history information collected from past experience values, survey values, and the like.

  By the way, in the caisson method, the air pressure in the work chamber 2 of the caisson 1 that is the base is always used to prevent the air in the work chamber 2 of the caisson 1 from leaking into the ground when it is installed. In order to set a value equal to the water pressure slightly elevated from the bottom surface 1a, it is important to grasp the accurate groundwater pressure at the blade bottom surface 1a of the caisson 1.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a subsidence meter 11, a water level meter 12, a barometer 13, and a barometer 13 respectively connected to the caisson 1 via the communication line 7 and the CPU 9 in the remote operation room 8. An inclinometer 14 is installed, and various data of these devices 11, 12, 13, and 14 are captured by the CPU 9, and once stored in the CPU 9, characters and numerical values are displayed on the personal computer screen of the monitoring monitor 10. , It is displayed as a graphic.

  The subsidence meter 11 calculates and detects the subsidence depth D of the caisson 1 with respect to the ground by projecting light from the light projecting element 11a toward the light receiving element 11b and measuring the reflected light, for example. To do. The water level gauge 12 is composed of, for example, an ultrasonic water level gauge or the like, and is installed on the lower surface of the ceiling slab 3 in the work room 2 as shown in FIG. 3, and the excavation surface of the excavation ground in the work room 2 immediately below it. In G, for example, the water level W · L of the water surface W of the pottery 15 excavated in advance to a depth of about 50 cm and a diameter of about 40 to 50 cm is calculated and detected. The barometer 13 detects a change in atmospheric pressure in the work chamber 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the inclinometer 14 is installed on the upper surface of the ceiling slab 3 in the work chamber 2, and when set up, the highest blade accompanying the lowering and raising of the blade bottom surface 1 a due to the inclination angle θ of the caisson 1. The mouth height H is calculated and detected on the basis of the water surface W of the pottery 15 and the position of the blade bottom face 1a of the caisson 1 before the inclination shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.

  Thereby, in particular, based on the water level gauge 12, the air from the working chamber 2 is worked into the atmosphere so that the blade bottom surface 1a of the caisson 1 is submerged from the water level W · L set so as to be always constant. By controlling the opening degree and exhaust speed of the exhaust adjustment valve 16a exhausted from the room, or the opening degree and air supply speed of the air supply adjustment valve 16b that sends compressed air produced by the air compressor into the work chamber 2. The work room automatic management system of the caisson 1 is configured so that an environment that does not hinder excavation work is constructed.

  Here, there are three reasons why the water level W of the kettle 15 in the working chamber 2 is lowered. First, the change in geological permeability due to excavation of the ground in the work chamber 2 does not recover the water level W · L of the water surface W of the Kamaba 15 after a certain time, or the condensing speed is delayed. Secondly, the point of Kamaba 15 collapses, and the water in Kamaba 15 temporarily flows out to other lowlands, and thirdly, the pressure in the work chamber 2 rises. It is.

  Further, there are four reasons why the water level W of the kettle 15 in the working chamber 2 rises empirically. The first is that the caisson 1 sinks above a predetermined value, and the second is that the reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave projected from the water level gauge 12 toward the surface of the pottery 15 is caused by human or some mechanical cause. Third, the point where the pot 15 is collapsed, and third, the blade bottom 1a due to the inclination of the caisson 1 rises above the water surface W of the pot 15 and the working chamber 2 The air leaks into the ground and the air pressure drops.

  In the present embodiment, the work room automatic management system of the caisson 1 is configured with the above-described factors as main components.

  Next, the management procedure of the work room automatic management system for the caisson 1 in the caisson method of the present embodiment will be described based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS. In addition, the allowable change value (± 3 cm) and the allowable recovery time (5 minutes) of the water level W · L of the kettle 15 by the water level gauge 12, the lowering and rising of the blade bottom 1 a due to the inclination angle θ of the caisson 1 The allowable change value (15 cm) of the maximum blade edge height H is set based on past history information. Actually, since the construction conditions are not uniform, the above numerical value in parentheses is not general purpose, but the numerical value is fixed for the following explanation.

  As shown in FIG. 5, first, the presence / absence of caisson 1 is detected by subsidence meter 11, and if it is determined in step ST1 that it “sinked”, the process proceeds to step ST2.

  In step ST2, it is determined how much the water level W · L of the pottery 15 has risen due to the sinking of the caisson 1, and if it is determined “within 3 cm from the set water level”, the process proceeds to step ST3.

  In step ST3, the process returns to step ST1 without changing the atmospheric pressure in the work chamber 2, and the above-described procedure is repeatedly executed.

If it is determined in step ST2 that the water level W · L of the pottery 15 has relatively “raised 3 cm or more from the set water level” due to the caisson 1 sinking, the process proceeds to step ST4, where the caisson 1 sinking amount and the maximum In consideration of the blade height H , the opening degree, the air supply pressure and the air supply speed of the air supply adjustment valve 16b of the air compressor (not shown) are adjusted and controlled, and the compressed air is supplied into the working chamber 2, and step ST5. Thus, “after 5 minutes”, which is set based on the history information and is a time during which the atmospheric pressure can be restored, returns to step ST1 and repeats the above-described procedure.

  If it is determined in step ST1 that the caisson 1 “does not sink”, the process proceeds to step ST6.

  In step ST6, the state of the set water level W · L of the kettle 15 due to the lowering factor and the rising factor of the set water level in the work chamber 2 of the caisson 1 is determined. If it is determined in step ST6 that the water level W · L of the pottery 15 is “decreased by 3 cm or more from the set water level”, the process proceeds to step ST7.

  In step ST7, the state of digging back in Kamaba 15 is determined, and if it is determined that the kamaba 15 is "digged", the process proceeds to step ST8.

  In step ST8, the recovery status of the water level W / L in the Kamba 15 is determined. If it is determined that “the set water level has returned to the original level after 5 minutes”, the process returns to step ST3 and the above-described procedure is repeatedly executed. To do.

  If it is determined in step ST7 that “Kamaba 15 has not been dug”, the process proceeds to step ST9.

  In step ST9, it is determined that the water in Kamaba 15 has flowed out. If it is determined that the water in Kamaba 15 has "flowed out to other lowlands", the process returns to step ST8 and the above-described procedure is repeated.

  If it is determined in step ST9 that the water in Kamaba 15 has not flowed out to other lowlands, the process proceeds to step ST10.

  In step ST10, it is determined that the air pressure in the work chamber 2 has increased, and the opening degree and the exhaust speed of the exhaust adjustment valve 16a are adjusted and controlled, and a part of the compressed air filling the work chamber is released into the atmosphere. Then, the pressure is lowered to a pressure corresponding to the set water level W · L of Kamaba 15, and “after 5 minutes” is set as the time at which the pressure can be restored, which is set based on the history information in step ST11. Returning to step ST1, the above-described procedure is repeatedly executed.

  In Step ST8, when it is determined that the water level W · L of the Kamaba 15 does not return to the original set water level even after 5 minutes, the process proceeds to Step ST12.

  In step ST12, the recovery status of the water level W · L in the pot place 15 is determined again, and if it is determined that “the water level is in a recovery tendency”, the process proceeds to step ST13.

  In step ST13, the condensate speed of the water level W / L accompanying the excavation of the Kamba 15 due to the change in the hydraulic conductivity of the geology in the excavation ground G is determined to be compared with the condensate speed at the previous excavation in the Kamba. If it is determined that the condensate speed is the same as the condensate speed during excavation, the process proceeds to step ST14, and “after 5 minutes” as the water level recoverable time set based on the history record, the process proceeds to step ST8. Return and repeat the above procedure.

  If it is determined in step ST13 that “there is not the same tendency as the condensate speed at the previous excavation at Kamaba”, the process proceeds to step ST15.

  In step ST15, the soil change in the excavated ground G is determined. If it is determined that “the excavated soil does not change”, the process returns to step ST14 and the above-described procedure is repeatedly executed.

  If it is determined in step ST15 that “the excavated soil quality has changed”, it is determined that automatic management is impossible, the process proceeds to step ST16, the water level management is switched to “manual”, and the process ends. At this time, a warning is given on the personal computer screen of the monitor 10 for monitoring by voice or text as necessary.

  On the other hand, also in step ST12, when it is determined that the water level in the pottery 15 is “not prone to recovery”, for example, as shown in FIG. Even when H becomes 15 cm or more and is exposed upward from the set water level W · L, it is determined that automatic management is impossible, the process proceeds to step ST16, and the water level management is switched to “manual” and terminated. Also at this time, a warning is given by voice / characters or the like on the personal computer screen of the monitoring monitor 10 as necessary.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in step ST6 that the water level W · L of the pottery 15 has risen from the set water level due to the above-described rise factor of the water surface W of the pottery 15, the step shown in FIG. Proceed to ST17.

  In step ST17, it is determined how much the water level W · L of Kamaba 15 has risen. If it is determined that “within 3 cm from the set water level”, the process returns to step ST8 shown in FIG. Run repeatedly.

  If it is determined in step ST17 that the water level W · L of the pottery 15 has risen by 3 cm or more from the set water level, the process proceeds to step ST18.

  In step ST18, an artificial shielding situation including mechanical shielding against the reflected wave by the water level gauge 12 is determined. If it is determined that "there is artificial shielding", the process proceeds to step ST19, and shielding is performed by other means. Remove objects. At this time, the program is temporarily stopped. After removing the shielding object, the program is restarted, the process returns to step ST1 shown in FIG. 5, and the above-described procedure is repeatedly executed.

  If it is determined in step ST18 that there is no artificial shielding against the reflected wave by the water level gauge 12, the process proceeds to step ST20.

  In step ST20, the collapse status of the pot hall 15 is determined. If it is determined that “the pot hall is collapsed”, the process proceeds to step ST21, the program is temporarily stopped, and the pot hall 15 is set by other means. After re-digging, the temporarily stopped program is resumed, the process returns to step ST8 shown in FIG. 5, and the above-described procedure is repeatedly executed.

  If it is determined in step ST20 that “Kamaba has not collapsed”, the process proceeds to step ST22, where it is determined that the atmospheric pressure in the working chamber 2 has decreased, and the set water level W · The air pressure adjustment valve 16b of the air compressor (not shown), the air supply pressure, and the air supply speed are adjusted and controlled so that the air pressure corresponds to L, and the air pressure is increased. In step ST23, based on the history information After “5 minutes have elapsed” as the set time during which the atmospheric pressure can be restored, the process returns to step ST1 shown in FIG. 5, and the above-described procedure is repeatedly executed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, a series of processing flows of the above-described work room automatic management system can be executed by the hardware of the CPU 9 or can be executed by software. When the program is executed by software, the series of processing flow is encoded and converted into a program, and then stored in a recording medium such as a CD-ROM, the program is sold. Is also convenient.

It is a vertical side view which shows roughly the sinking state of the caisson in the pneumatic caisson method which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of whole structure of a working chamber automatic management system. (Example) It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the detection condition of the change of the atmospheric pressure by a water level meter. It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the change condition of the atmospheric | air pressure by the inclination of a caisson. It is a flowchart which shows the management procedure of the working room automatic management system. It is a joint flowchart which shows the management procedure of a working room automatic management system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Caisson 1a Bottom of blade edge 2 Work room 3 Ceiling slab 4 Guide rail 5 Excavator 6 Surveillance camera 7 Communication line 8 Remote operation room 9 Personal computer (CPU)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Monitoring monitor 11 Subsidence meter 11a Light emitting element 11b Light receiving element 12 Water level gauge 13 Barometer 14 Inclinometer 15 Kamba 16a Exhaust adjustment valve from work room 16b Air compressor adjustment valve H Maximum blade height D Subsidence depth W Water surface W / L Water level OP Manager

Claims (1)

An air supply means for supplying compressed air into the work chamber in the pneumatic caisson and maintaining the work chamber pressure at a predetermined set pressure;
Subsidence detecting means for detecting the presence or absence of caisson subsidence;
Water level detection means for detecting the water level of the pottery recessed in advance in the excavation ground;
Working chamber pressure detecting means for detecting a change in the working chamber pressure in the working chamber;
An inclination detecting means for detecting the inclination of the caisson;
Based on the various data from each of these detection means, the computer adjusts the air pressure and the air supply amount of the compressed air by the air supply means so that the water level in the pot is automatically maintained at a predetermined set water level. Control means for controlling at
Changes in the water level at the pothole recessed in the excavation ground in the caisson's work chamber are detected by a water level gauge, and when the water level at the kettle exceeds the preset water level tolerance, it is sent to the work chamber. Automatically adjusting and controlling the amount of compressed air to be fed to the air pressure and the air amount according to the amount of change in the water level, and stably maintaining and managing the pressure in the working chamber according to the set water level;
The presence or absence of caisson subsidence is detected with a subsidence meter, and when the relative water level of the cauldron due to caisson subsidence rises above the allowable range of the set water level, the amount of caisson subsidence and the blade edge based on the caisson inclination angle θ A step of supplying compressed air into the working chamber based on the highest blade height associated with lowering and rising of the bottom surface ;
When the caisson does not sink and the water level of the pottery falls below the allowable range of the set water level, the step of adjusting and controlling to lower the working room pressure according to the set water level;
When the caisson does not sink and the water level in the pottery rises above the allowable range of the set water level, the adjustment control is performed so as to increase the pressure in the working chamber according to the set water level;
A step of warning and switching the water level management to manual when the water level of the Kamaba does not recover to the set water level even after a predetermined set time elapses and no tendency to recover the water level is observed. Automatic water level management method in the working room in the pneumatic caisson method.

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