JP4741468B2 - ガス液化用一体型多重ループ冷却方法 - Google Patents
ガス液化用一体型多重ループ冷却方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4741468B2 JP4741468B2 JP2006506390A JP2006506390A JP4741468B2 JP 4741468 B2 JP4741468 B2 JP 4741468B2 JP 2006506390 A JP2006506390 A JP 2006506390A JP 2006506390 A JP2006506390 A JP 2006506390A JP 4741468 B2 JP4741468 B2 JP 4741468B2
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 364
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 35
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-pentane Natural products CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
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- F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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Description
(a)第1の冷媒を気化させることによって第1の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、
(b)第2の冷媒を気化させることによって第2の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、
(c)第1の圧力で第3の冷媒の第1の部分を気化させることによって第3の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、及び、
(d)第2の圧力で第3の冷媒の第2の部分を気化させることによって第2の温度範囲の最低温度より高い温度で追加の冷却を行うこと、
によって冷却して液化製品を提供することを含むガス液化方法を含む。
(1)中間圧縮した冷媒を提供するため気化する冷媒を圧縮し冷やすこと、
(2)中間圧縮した冷媒を追加の気化した冷媒と一緒にして一緒にした中間冷媒を提供すること、
(3)一緒にした中間冷媒を圧縮し冷やして冷やした圧縮冷媒を提供すること、
(4)冷やした圧縮冷媒を更に冷やし凝縮させて第3の冷媒を提供し、この冷やし凝縮させるための冷却を第2の圧力で第3の冷媒の第2の部分を気化させることによって行うこと、
によって提供してもよい。
(a)第1の冷媒を気化させることによって第1の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、
(b)第2の冷媒を気化させることによって第2の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、及び、
(c)第2の冷媒から得た補助冷媒を気化させることによって第1の温度範囲の最低温度より高い温度で追加の冷却を行うこと、
によって冷やして液化製品を提供することを含むガス液化方法に関する。
(a)第1の冷媒を気化させることによって第1の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、
(b)第2の冷媒を気化させることによって第2の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、
(c)第3の冷媒を部分的又は完全に気化させることによって第3の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を行うこと、及び、
(d)第3の冷媒から得た補助冷媒を気化させることによって第2の温度範囲の最低温度より高い温度で追加の冷却を行うこと、
によって冷やして液化製品を提供することを含むガス液化方法に関する。
(1)第3の冷媒を部分的又は完全に気化させて部分的又は完全に気化した加温した冷媒を提供すること、
(2)加温した冷媒を冷やした減圧冷媒と一緒にして補助冷媒を提供すること、
によって提供してもよく、その際の冷やした減圧冷媒は、
(3)補助冷媒を気化させて気化した補助冷媒を生じさせること、
(4)気化した補助冷媒を圧縮し冷やして、冷やし、圧縮し、部分的に凝縮した補助冷媒にすること、
(5)冷やし、圧縮し、部分的に凝縮した補助冷媒を液体部分と蒸気部分とに分離すること、
(6)液体部分を気化する補助冷媒との間接熱交換によって更に冷やして冷やした液体冷媒を提供すること、及び、
(7)冷やした液体冷媒を減圧して冷やした減圧冷媒を提供すること、
によって提供される。
Claims (9)
- ガス(1)を液化するための方法であり、液化製品(13)を提供するため3つの熱交換ゾーン(310、311及び312)を逐次的に通過する原料ガス流をそれぞれ第1、第2、及び第3の温度範囲で冷やすことを含み、前記第1の温度範囲で原料ガス流を冷やすための冷却を第1の冷却ループの第1の気化する冷媒(117)によって行い、第2の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を第2の冷却ループの第2の気化する冷媒(213)によって行い、第3の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を第3の冷却ループの第3の気化する冷媒(315)によって行い、前記第1、第2、及び第3の冷媒は互いに組成を異にする、ガス液化方法であって、前記第3の冷却ループでの冷却は前記第1及び第2の冷却ループでの冷却とは独立していること、且つ、前記第3の(最低温)熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化した前記第3の気化する冷媒(315)から得た、そしてそれと同じ組成の、補助冷媒(373、377)を、第2の熱交換ゾーン(311)の最低温度より高い温度と、前記最低温熱交換ゾーンにおける気化とは異なる圧力で気化させる(357、379)ことによって、前記第3の冷却ループで追加の冷却を行うことを特徴とするガス液化方法。
- ガス(1)を液化するための方法であり、液化製品(13)を提供するため2つの熱交換ゾーン(311及び312)を逐次的に通過する原料ガス流をそれぞれ第1及び第2の温度範囲で冷やすことを含み、前記第1の温度範囲で原料ガス流を冷やすための冷却を第1の冷却ループの第1の気化する冷媒(213)によって行い、第2の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を、前記第1の冷却ループでの冷却とは独立して、第2の冷却ループの第2の気化する冷媒(315)によって行い、そして追加の冷却を、前記第2の(最低温)熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化した前記第2の気化する冷媒(315)から得た補助冷媒(373、377)を、第1の熱交換ゾーン(311)の最低温度より高い温度で気化させる(357、379)ことによって前記第2の冷却ループで行うガス液化方法であって、前記補助冷媒(373)が前記最低温熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化する冷媒(315)と同じ組成であるが、異なる圧力で気化(375)されることを特徴とするガス液化方法。
- 前記最低温熱交換ゾーン(312)のための冷媒(315)を、
(1)前記最低温熱交換ゾーンからの気化した冷媒(316)を圧縮し(359)冷やし(363)て中間の圧縮冷媒(365)を提供すること、
(2)中間の圧縮冷媒(365)を気化した補助冷媒(367)と一緒にして一緒にした中間冷媒を提供すること、
(3)一緒にした中間冷媒を圧縮し(319)冷やし(320)て、冷やした圧縮冷媒(328)を提供すること、及び、
(4)冷やした圧縮冷媒(328)を気化する補助冷媒(373)との間接熱交換によって更に冷やし凝縮させ(357)て一緒にした冷媒(369)を提供し、その一部(329)が前記最低温熱交換ゾーン(312)のための冷媒(315)を提供し別の一部が当該補助冷媒(373)を提供すること、
によって提供する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 原料ガス流(1)が天然ガスである、請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記第1の冷媒が単一又は多成分の冷媒であり、前記第2及び第3の冷媒がそれぞれ多成分の冷媒である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記第1の熱交換ゾーン(310)が原料ガス流を−35℃と−55℃の間に冷却し、前記第2の熱交換ゾーン(311)が原料ガス流を−40℃と−100℃の間に冷却し、前記第3の熱交換ゾーン(312)が原料ガス流を−85℃と−160℃の間に冷却する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- ガス(1)を液化するための方法であり、液化製品(13)を提供するため3つの熱交換ゾーン(310、311及び312)を逐次的に通過する原料ガス流をそれぞれ第1、第2、及び第3の温度範囲で冷やすことを含み、前記第1の温度範囲で原料ガス流を冷やすための冷却を第1の冷却ループの第1の気化する冷媒(117)によって行い、第2の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を第2の冷却ループの第2の気化する冷媒(213)によって行い、第3の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を第3の冷却ループの第3の気化する冷媒(315)によって行い、前記第1、第2、及び第3の冷媒は互いに組成を異にし、前記第3の冷却ループでの冷却は前記第1及び第2の冷却ループでの冷却とは独立しており、前記第3の(最低温)熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化した前記第3の気化する冷媒(315)から得た、そしてそれと同じ組成の、補助冷媒(373、377)を、第2の熱交換ゾーン(311)の最低温度より高い温度と、前記最低温熱交換ゾーンにおける気化とは異なる圧力で気化させる(357、379)ことにより、前記第3の冷却ループで追加の冷却を行うガス液化方法によってガス流(1)を液化するためのシステムであり、液化製品(13)を提供するため第1、第2、及び第3のそれぞれの温度範囲を逐次的に通過するガス流(1)を冷やすための3つの熱交換ゾーン(310、311及び312)と、当該熱交換ゾーン(310、311及び312)へ組成を互いに異にするそれぞれ第1、第2、及び第3の冷媒(117、213及び315)を提供するためのそれぞれの冷却システムとを含むガス流液化システムであって、前記最低温熱交換ゾーン(312)のための冷却システムがほかの熱交換ゾーン(310及び311)のための冷却システムから独立しており、且つ、前記第3の(最低温)熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化した前記第3の冷媒(315)から得た、それと同じ組成である補助冷媒(373、377)を、前記第2の熱交換ゾーン(311)の最低温度より高い温度と、前記最低温熱交換ゾーンにおける気化とは異なる圧力で気化させるために、更なる熱交換ゾーン(357、379)が存在することを特徴とするガス流液化システム。
- ガス(1)を液化するための方法であり、液化製品(13)を提供するため2つの熱交換ゾーン(311及び312)を逐次的に通過する原料ガス流をそれぞれ第1及び第2の温度範囲で冷やすことを含み、前記第1の温度範囲で原料ガス流を冷やすための冷却を第1の冷却ループの第1の気化する冷媒(213)によって行い、第2の温度範囲で当該流れを冷やすための冷却を、前記第1の冷却ループでの冷却とは独立して、第2の冷却ループの第2の気化する冷媒(315)によって行い、そして追加の冷却を、前記第2の(最低温)熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化した前記第2の気化する冷媒(315)から得た補助冷媒(373、377)を、第1の熱交換ゾーン(311)の最低温度より高い温度で気化させる(357、379)ことによって前記第2の冷却ループで行い、前記補助冷媒(373)が前記最低温熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化する冷媒(315)と同じ組成であるが、異なる圧力で気化(375)されるガス液化方法によってガス流(1)を液化するためのシステムであり、液化製品(13)を提供するためそれぞれ第1及び第2の温度範囲を逐次的に通過するガス流(1)を冷やすための2つの熱交換ゾーン(311及び312)と、当該熱交換ゾーン(311及び312)へそれぞれの冷媒(213及び315)を提供するためのそれぞれ第1及び第2の冷却システムと、前記ゾーン(312)で気化した冷媒(315)から得た補助冷媒(373、377)を前記第1の熱交換ゾーン(311)の最低温度より高い温度で気化させるための更なる熱交換ゾーン(357、379)とを含むガス流液化システムであって、前記補助冷媒(373)が前記最低温熱交換ゾーン(312)で気化する冷媒(315)と同じ組成であるが、前記更なる熱交換ゾーン(357)において異なる圧力で気化されることを特徴とするガス流液化システム。
- 中間の圧縮冷媒(365)を提供するため前記最低温熱交換ゾーンからの気化した冷媒(316)を圧縮し(359)冷やす(363)ための手段、
中間の圧縮冷媒(365)を気化した補助冷媒(367)と一緒にして一緒にした中間冷媒を提供するため手段、及び、
一緒にした中間冷媒を圧縮し(319)冷やし(320)て冷やした圧縮冷媒(328)を提供するため手段、
を含み、前記更なる熱交換手段(357)が、気化する補助冷媒(373)との間接熱交換によって前記冷やした圧縮冷媒(328)を更に冷やし凝縮して一緒にした冷媒(369)を提供し、その一部(329)が前記最低温熱交換ゾーン(312)のための冷媒(315)を提供し、別の一部が補助冷媒(373)を提供する、請求項7又は8に記載のシステム。
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WO2004083753A2 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
US6742357B1 (en) | 2004-06-01 |
US7086251B2 (en) | 2006-08-08 |
CN1791778A (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
ES2411658T3 (es) | 2013-07-08 |
US20040182108A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
JP2006520886A (ja) | 2006-09-14 |
NO337772B1 (no) | 2016-06-20 |
JP4980051B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
MXPA05009929A (es) | 2005-11-04 |
NO20054782L (no) | 2005-10-17 |
EP1613910A2 (en) | 2006-01-11 |
AU2004221610B2 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
JP2006520885A (ja) | 2006-09-14 |
ES2382805T3 (es) | 2012-06-13 |
CN100458335C (zh) | 2009-02-04 |
CA2519213C (en) | 2010-01-19 |
ATE547678T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
AU2004221610A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
EG23713A (en) | 2007-06-07 |
CN1784578A (zh) | 2006-06-07 |
KR100969969B1 (ko) | 2010-07-15 |
CA2662819A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
EP1613910B1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
CN100565059C (zh) | 2009-12-02 |
CA2519213A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
KR20050110026A (ko) | 2005-11-22 |
RU2005132159A (ru) | 2006-02-10 |
RU2307990C2 (ru) | 2007-10-10 |
WO2004083753A3 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
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