JP4722278B2 - Oil collecting material, oil collecting material and oil collecting device using the same, and oil collecting method using the oil collecting device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an oil collection material used for recovering oil, particularly heavy oil, which has flowed from the factory, an oil refinery facility, a tanker or other ships to the surface of the ocean, rivers, lakes, etc. The present invention relates to an oil collector formed by connecting a collecting material and its oil collecting material with a rope, and an oil recovery method using them.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to collect oil that has flowed to the surface of the water, an oil adsorption mat made of a lipophilic hydrophobic resin is used. In such a mat, high-viscosity oils such as medium and heavy oils of 100 cSt or higher, A mousse oil of 14,000 cSt or more produced by mixing C heavy oil with seawater cannot be adsorbed as efficiently as a low viscosity oil of about 1 cSt, such as A heavy oil. This is because such high-viscosity oil is not well adsorbed to the mat.
[0003]
Techniques for recovering such high-viscosity oils and mousse oils are disclosed in, for example, JP-A-51-145484, US Pat. No. 32854, etc., and “Oil Snare” ( Some products are marketed as product names.
[0004]
This is a polypropylene tape with a width of 0.5 to 12.7mm, a thickness of 12 to 127μm, and a length of about 190mm, and a large number of single loops with a diameter of about 600mm are created. And a multi-loop, one of which is bundled with a polypropylene string or the like, and a large number of them are attached to a polypropylene rope.
[0005]
In a typical embodiment, the weight of one multiloop is about 230 g, and is attached to a long rope at a number of intervals of about 500 mm to surround oil spilled on the water surface and suppress oil diffusion. Used to collect and collect oil.
[0006]
Although this oil collector has a track record of contributing to the treatment of oil spills in the waters near Japan, its oil collection capability is not always sufficient, and the ability to reliably retain the collected oil is reduced. In addition, in order to reliably prevent the oil from spreading and to reliably collect it, a lot of workers are required to work hard for a long time. There is a need for an oil collector that can recover the oil in the work.
[0007]
Once an accident has occurred, it will stop spreading as quickly as possible, and if the oil is not collected, the damage will increase dramatically. For this reason, people who deal with accidents are forced to work harsh and dangerous for a long time.
Providing oil collection materials with excellent oil collection capabilities can contribute to environmental conservation, occupational health, work safety and reduction in processing costs.
[0008]
[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. The object of the present invention is, firstly, an oil collecting material with greatly improved oil collecting ability and an oil collecting material using the same. Is to provide a large amount of materials at low cost.
[0009]
Another object of the present invention is that the apparatus is flexible, so that it is easy to handle during oil recovery work, the labor of workers can be reduced, and an oil collector and an oil trap that can recover oil safely and quickly. Is to provide a collection method.
[0010]
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an effective method of using the material according to the present invention, that is, an efficient oil recovery method.
[0011]
[Means for solving the problems]
The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved by an oil collecting material comprising a large number of lipophilic and hydrophobic untwisted yarns arranged in parallel.
Here, the untwisted yarn refers to a fiber that is not a twisted yarn, regardless of the length, the shape, or the material. In a preferred embodiment, the oil collecting material is composed of tow or sliver, or a mixed fiber thereof. As the sliver, a short yarn of staple yarn, a short fiber of paste yarn, a short filament or staple fiber, or a mixed fiber thereof is used. It is done.
[0012]
A tow is a filament assembly in which a large number of monofilaments are aligned in the longitudinal direction without being substantially twisted. The tow is not bundled or twisted, but the filaments are appropriately entangled and elongated. It is a collection of string-like bodies.
[0013]
A sliver is a short fiber such as a staple fiber, a stable fiber, aligned in parallel in the length direction, and usually stretched to a diameter of 20 to 30 mm. It is a slender string-like body.
As the short fiber for sliver, a short fiber, split yarn short fiber, first yarn short fiber, short filament, or a mixed fiber thereof can be used.
Fibers having a fineness of about 3,000 to 10,000 denier are used for tow or sliver, and these fibers are gathered into a string by mutual contact, entanglement, kinking or the like.
[0014]
One using a defibrated yarn is also a preferred embodiment.
The fiber material constituting the oil collecting material is not particularly limited as long as it is lipophilic and hydrophobic, but if it is a synthetic fiber, polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, olefin- Norbornene copolymers, polyolefins such as polybutene, vinyl polymers such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate, aromatic polyesters such as PET and PBT, polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polylactic acid, and polysuccinic butyrate Fibers made of aliphatic polyester such as polyurethane, polyester polyol, polycarbonate, rayon, polyethylene terephthalate or copolymers thereof can be used, among which polyolefin, polypropylene, ethylene having lipophilicity and hydrophobicity Propylene copolymer is particularly recommended.
[0015]
In order to improve lipophilicity, it is recommended to add or apply higher fatty acids, polyolefin wax, etc. to these thermoplastic resins, and if necessary, add weather resistance imparting agents such as UV absorbers. Or you may apply | coat.
Moreover, as natural fibers, plant fibers such as cotton, hemp, silk, and wood fibers, and animal fibers such as wool can be used.
The fineness of the fibers used is preferably 1 denier or more and 100,000 denier or less, desirably 1,000 denier or more and 50,000 denier or less, and more desirably around 25,000.
[0016]
Thus, in the present invention, these oil collecting materials are used to manufacture oil collecting materials, and these oil collecting materials are connected by a rope to constitute an oil collecting device.
In a preferred embodiment, the oil collecting material is wound in a loop shape a plurality of times, and one portion thereof is bound to produce a multi-loop oil collecting material.
In another preferred embodiment, a single loop is formed by joining both ends of an oil collecting material cut to a fixed length, a large number of single loops are combined into a donut shape, and one portion is bound to form a multi-loop. Oil collecting material is obtained.
If the loop is sufficiently thick, the loop may be a single volume.
[0017]
In still another preferred embodiment, a plurality of oil collecting materials arranged in a fixed length are arranged so as to be in close contact with each other, and one end thereof is bound to obtain a tufted oil collecting material.
A large number of these oil collecting materials are combined with a long rope-shaped support body to form an oil collector. In this case, the rope-shaped support body is a long length formed by coarsely knitting a thin string. It is desirable to use an easy loop (trade name, manufactured by Marutaka Seisaku Co., Ltd.) known as a hollow cylindrical rope, for example, a special cage-shaped rope.
[0018]
This hollow cylindrical rope is a tapered connecting piercing needle which can penetrate the rope stitches by compressing and integrating the fibers at the end, and these connecting piercing ends are coarsely knitted. It can be pierced with the rope rope.
For this reason, one end of each of the two ropes can be pierced into the stitches near the ends of the other ropes, the two ropes can be connected, and one end of the rope can be pierced in the vicinity thereof. Thus, a mooring eye can be formed.
These oil collectors are connected in a series of multiple lengths to surround the oil spilled on the sea surface, or hold both ends with two oil recovery vessels, and tow the sea spilled oil. Can be used to collect spilled oil.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an oil collecting material according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing an embodiment of an oil collecting material constituted by using the oil collecting material shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the oil collecting material constituted by using the same oil collecting material, and FIG. 4 is an oil collecting device constituted by using the oil collecting material shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view showing one embodiment of an oil collector constructed using the oil collecting material shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is an oil using the oil collector. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a recovery method, FIG. 7 is a photograph showing a part of an oil collector using a tuft-like oil collector according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an oil used in the oil collector. 9 is a partially enlarged photograph of the collecting material, FIG. 9 is a photograph showing a state in which the oil collecting material used in the oil collecting device is fan-shaped, and FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of the oil collecting material shown in FIG. It is a photograph.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a large number of untwisted yarns, that is, monofilaments 11 that are not twisted, and are gathered together without twisting to form a long oil collecting material.
In one embodiment, the oil collecting material 10 is tow, that is, a large filament assembly having a diameter of about 10 to 30 mm, in which a large number of untwisted yarns 11 are aligned in parallel in the length direction without substantially twisting. It is what.
[0021]
Generally, the untwisted yarn 11 has a fineness of 1 denier or more and 100,000 denier or less, preferably 1,000 denier or more and 50,000 denier or less, more preferably around 25,000 denier, that is, 20,000 denier or more and 30,000 denier or less. It is recommended to do.
Usually, tows used for spinning are required to have good fiber separation and parallelism, and kinking and entanglement between filaments are not desirable. Contributes to the enhancement of oil collection effect.
[0022]
In another embodiment, the oil collecting material 10 is a sliver, that is, a short fiber such as a staple (fiber), and the fibers are aligned in a state parallel to the length direction. It is composed of a continuous continuous fiber of about 10-30mm.
Examples of the short fibers constituting the sliver include short fibers such as split yarn, first yarn, filament, and staple fiber.
[0023]
Generally, the fineness of the sufu used in the present invention is 1 denier or more and 100,000 denier or less, preferably 1,000 denier or more and 50,000 denier or less, more preferably around 25,000 denier, that is, 20,000 denier or more and 30,000 denier or less. It is recommended.
In this sliver, it is preferable that the filaments are kinked or tangled, unlike those used for spinning.
[0024]
In the third embodiment of the oil collecting material according to the present invention, split yarns, that is, warp yarns are used.
As an aspect of the split yarn that can be used in the present invention, for example, a defibrated yarn, that is, a film cut into an appropriate width, stretched, and then further finely split in the longitudinal direction to form a thin fiber assembly. In addition, other embodiments of the split yarn include, for example, stretching a finely slit film until fibrillation, splitting it in a weak direction by applying impact stress, and creating a tear in the vertical direction. An aggregate having a fineness of about 5 denier can be mentioned.
[0025]
In the split yarn, generally, each fiber has mutual cooperation, and the fiber has an intermediate property between filament and spun yarn.
The fineness of the split yarn used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is generally about 500 to 5,000 denier.
[0026]
The raw material of the fiber used in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be any lipophilic hydrophobic fiber.
For synthetic fibers, polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, olefin-norbornene copolymers, polyolefins such as polybutene, vinyl polymers such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate, PET, Aromatic polyester such as PBT, polyamide such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, aliphatic polyester such as polylactic acid and polysuccinic butyrate, polyurethane, polyester polyol, polycarbonate, rayon, polyethylene terephthalate or copolymers thereof Although fibers can be used, polyolefins, polypropylenes, and ethylene-propylene copolymers having lipophilicity and hydrophobicity are particularly recommended.
[0027]
In order to improve lipophilicity, it is recommended to add or apply higher fatty acids, polyolefin wax, etc. to these thermoplastic resins, and if necessary, add weather resistance imparting agents such as UV absorbers. Or you may apply | coat.
Moreover, as natural fibers, plant fibers such as cotton, hemp, silk, and wood fibers, and animal fibers such as wool can be used.
[0028]
Thus, the oil collecting material 20 or 30 as shown in FIG. 2 or 3 is produced using these oil collecting materials 10.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the oil collecting material 10 is wound many times in a loop shape, and one portion thereof is bound to form a multi-loop oil collecting material 20.
The diameter of the loop is preferably 1 m or more and 3 m or less, and the number of turns of the loop is 1 or more, 100 or less, preferably 80 or less, and more preferably 50 or less. If the loop is thick enough, usually three or four turns, a minimum of one is sufficient.
When producing this oil-collecting material, instead of winding the oil-collecting material 10 many times as described above in a loop, the oil-collecting material 10 cut to an appropriate length is wound into a single roll. A large number of loops may be created, and the loops may be collected into a donut shape and bundled at one place.
[0029]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the oil collection material 10 is cut into a predetermined length, and the desired number is collected and bound at one end to form a tufted oil collection material 30.
The tufted oil collecting material 30 can also be manufactured by cutting the loop of the multi-loop oil collecting material 20 on the side opposite to the binding position.
Desirable length of the oil trapping material is 0.1 m or more and 5 m or less, more desirably 0.3 m or more and 3 m or less.
[0030]
In general, the multi-loop oil collecting material 20 is easier to manufacture than the tufted oil collecting material 30, but in terms of oil collecting capacity and holding capacity, the tufted oil collecting material 30 is more Has won. The reason is that when oil is included, the fibers of the tufted oil collecting material 30 are well aligned like the tip of a brush, and all the fibers are in close contact with each other and contain oil without waste.
[0031]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, these oil collectors are used as an oil collector by being connected to a support made of a long rope in series.
The oil collector 40 shown in FIG. 4 has a large number of loop-shaped oil collectors 20 attached to a rope 41, and the oil collector 50 shown in FIG. The lumber 30 is attached to a rope 51.
Thus, the interval between the installation of these oil collecting materials is such that when this device is laid and deployed on the sea, the oil collecting materials will come into contact with each other as appropriate, and the oil floating on the sea can be surrounded securely. Determined.
[0032]
As the rope used at this time, it is recommended to use a special cage structure rope such as the aforementioned easy loop. This rope is a rope made by knitting a thin string into an elongated hollow cylindrical shape into a rough knit, and by inserting one end of the rope tightened with metal fittings into the inside of the rope through the stitch, it is very easy to Can be connected to each other or an eye can be formed, which is convenient for connecting oil collectors to each other or mooring the end to a buoy or the like.
[0033]
The oil collector according to the present invention is connected in series to surround the oil that has flowed out to the sea surface, etc., prevents the oil from spreading, pulls up the oil collector that adsorbs the oil, and squeezes the oil It is used to collect and recover, but it is also recommended to use it to recover oil as shown in FIG.
In the method shown in FIG. 6, a large number of oil collectors are connected in series to form a long oil collector 62, and both ends thereof are held by two oil recovery vessels 60 and 60, respectively, and the oil 64 flows out. Tow the sea and collect spilled oil.
[0034]
Hereinafter, the product of the present invention and a control product having a conventionally known configuration are manufactured under substantially the same conditions, and the results of comparative tests are shown.
These samples are substantially equivalent except for the shape of the oil collecting material used.
For the product of the present invention, as the oil collecting material, a defibrated yarn obtained by incompletely tearing a polypropylene film in the length direction with a defibrating device was used, but for a conventional product, a polypropylene tape was used. It was.
[0035]
For each sample, create a large number of single loops with a diameter of 600 mm depending on the oil collecting material used, assign them to the same amount, arrange them in donuts, bind one place with polypropylene strings, An oil collecting material was used for the test.
[0036]
After measuring the weight W of the sample was immersed in test oil, after stirring for 5 minutes by human power, pulling to stand for 15 minutes, the total weight W ₀ and 24 hours after standing hike after 30 seconds, 30 The total weight W ₁ after 2 seconds was measured, and the oil collection ratios S ₀ and S ₁ were calculated by the following equation. Furthermore, it is immersed in the test oil, stirred for 5 minutes by human power, left to stand for 15 minutes, pulled up, measured the total weight W ₂ after 10 minutes, and the total weight W ₃ after 2 hours, and the oil retention capacity ratio H ₀ and was calculated H _1.
S ₀ = (W ₀ −W) / W
S ₁ = (W ₁ −W) / W
H ₀ = (W ₂ −W) / W
H ₁ = (W ₃ −W) / W
S ₀ , S ₁ and H ₀ , H ₁ are the collected oil weight and the retained oil weight per unit weight of the oil collecting material.
[0037]
The test results when using mousse oil with a viscosity of 14,000 cP are as follows.
S ₀ = 50gr / gr
S ₁ = 74gr / gr
H ₀ = 15gr / gr
H ₁ = 10gr / gr
For the control product,
S ₀ = 46gr / gr
S ₁ = 52gr / gr
H ₀ = 10gr / gr
H ₁ = 5gr / gr
Met.
From this test result, it is found that the product of the present invention has 1.4 times the oil collecting ability and 2 times or more the oil holding ability compared to the conventionally known tape-like oil collecting material.
[0038]
The product of the present invention was developed especially for the purpose of recovering high-viscosity oil, but it can collect oil of about 7 to 10 times its own weight even with low-viscosity oil such as light oil and A heavy oil. . Since this oil collecting ability is equivalent to about 1.5 times that of known oil, it can be used efficiently for recovering them.
This improvement in oil collection capacity helps reduce the number of oil collectors used, and the high oil retention capacity greatly improves workability when the oil collecting device is pulled up on the ship. To do.
[0039]
The configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the above, an oil holder having a certain shape and size is attached to a support member made of a rope. It is also recommended to attach things alternately, and the above oil collecting material may be woven into a cage shape or a net shape to be used as an oil collecting or oil collecting device, and the present invention can be easily obtained from the above description. All possible modifications are included.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, according to the present invention, an oil collector that is easy to handle, requires a small amount of use, is easy to install and collect, and can efficiently collect oil. And an oil collection method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an oil collecting material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing an embodiment of an oil collecting material constituted by using the oil collecting material shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the oil collecting material constituted by using the oil collecting material shown in FIG. 1;
4 is a front view showing an embodiment of an oil collector constructed using the oil collecting material shown in FIG. 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing an embodiment of an oil collector configured using the oil collecting material shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of an oil recovery method.
FIG. 7 is a photograph showing a part of an oil collector using a tufted oil collector according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged photograph of an oil collector used in the oil collector.
FIG. 9 is a photograph showing a state where the oil collecting material used in the oil collector is fanned out.
FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged photograph of the oil collecting material shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Oil collecting material
11 Lipophilic hydrophobic untwisted yarn
20 Oil collecting material
30 Oil collecting material
40 Oil collector
41 Rope support
50 Oil collector
51 Rope support
60 Oil recovery ship
62 Oil collector
64 oil

Claims (5)

An oil collecting material in which a large number of lipophilic hydrophobic untwisted yarns made of defibrated yarns are arranged in parallel and the oil collecting material formed into a string shape is made into a multi-loop or single loop shape . The oil-collecting material according to claim 1 , wherein the lipophilic hydrophobic untwisted yarn comprises at least one synthetic fiber selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate. A tufted oil collecting material obtained by arranging a plurality of the oil collecting materials according to claim 1 or 2 and binding one end thereof. The oil collector which couple | bonds the oil collecting material in any one of Claims 1-3 with a long rope-shaped support body. A spilled oil collecting method, wherein a large number of oil collectors according to claim 4 are connected in series, both ends thereof are held by two oil recovery vessels, and the spilled oil is collected.

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