JP4694430B2 - How to build a tunnel in the embankment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a tunnel by constructing a cylindrical tunnel lining body formed by joining arc-shaped segments in a fill.

Conventionally, as a method of constructing a tunnel in this type of embankment, after forming the bottom plate of the tunnel lining body of the upward concave arc shape on the ground in the length direction of the tunnel, and filling the embankment in the bottom plate, A plurality of arc-shaped segments with the concave surface facing inward are placed side by side along the entire length of the tunnel and joined to the upper end surfaces on both sides of the bottom plate, and the opposing joining surfaces of adjacent segments are joined together. Forming a first row of segment rows, filling the inside and outside of the first row of segment rows up to the height of the upper end thereof, and rolling the fill with a rolling wheel. While sequentially repeating the process of forming the second and subsequent segment rows on top and the step of constructing the banking in and out of the segment rows, constructing a cylindrical tunnel lining body in the embankment, This tunnel lining body And applying a fill for embedding, thereafter, a method of completing the tunnel to remove the inside of the embankment of the tunnel lining body has been known (e.g., see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-9-78615

  However, in the method of constructing a tunnel in the embankment, the tunnel lining body is not closed in a cylindrical shape until the segment rows at the center of the top are joined to the segment rows stacked from both ends of the bottom plate. Since the upper part is always open, when the embankment is applied to the inside and outside of each segment row and rolled, if the embankment is not evenly rolled inside and outside the segment, it is unnecessary for the segment. Deformation occurs due to excessive stress, and excessive force acts on the joints at the joints between the segments. Therefore, after the cylindrical tunnel lining body is formed in the embankment, the embankment of the embankment in which it is embedded There is a risk that the proper strength that can sufficiently withstand the pressure cannot be obtained. Moreover, since two different processes of forming the segment row and constructing the embankment inside and outside the segment row are repeated alternately, the work becomes complicated and the work time becomes long.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a tunnel is constructed in the embankment that can efficiently form a tunnel lining body having sufficient strength to withstand the earth pressure of the embankment in the embankment. It aims to provide a way to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the method for constructing a tunnel in the embankment according to the present invention is a method for constructing a tunnel by constructing a cylindrical tunnel lining body formed by joining arc-shaped segments in the embankment. A foundation having an arc-shaped concave surface formed on the upper side along the length direction of the tunnel is constructed on the ground, and a plurality of the segments are arranged along the arc direction of the arc-shaped concave surface and the length direction of the tunnel. , After forming a lower semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body joined and supported on the foundation, each of the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body is constructed with a predetermined height of embankment, A rail is laid along the length direction of the tunnel on the embankment inside the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body, and the segment is supported on the rail along the circumferential direction and the length direction of the tunnel. A possible trolley After that, the segment is positioned above the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body while intermittently moving and stopping the construction carriage from one end side to the other end side of the tunnel. The cylindrical tunnel covering body is completed by sequentially repeating the operations of assembling and assembling the upper semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body facing the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body. After applying the embankment to the entire inside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body, constructing the embankment at a predetermined height outside the cylindrical tunnel lining body, and then removing the embankment from the inside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body It is characterized by that.

  In the present invention, after a lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body is formed on the foundation constructed on the ground, an overhead carriage installed on the embankment inside the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body is used. The assembly of the upper semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body by positioning and joining the segments on the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body is directed from one end of the tunnel to the other end. The cylindrical tunnel lining body is formed by repeating the process while moving it intermittently. And after constructing the embankment in order inside and outside the cylindrical tunnel lining body, removing the embankment constructed inside the cylindrical tunnel lining body, into the embankment of the cylindrical tunnel lining body Installation is complete. When the embankment is constructed outside the cylindrical tunnel lining body, it is performed in a state where the embankment is filled inside the cylindrical tunnel lining body. Due to the earth pressure of the embankment, bending moments, useless stresses, and unreasonable forces do not act on the joints between the segments that make up the cylindrical tunnel lining.

In the method of constructing a tunnel in the embankment, when the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body is formed on the foundation, an outer peripheral surface of a segment located above the foundation is installed on the foundation. It is preferably supported by a member.
In this way, the upper segment can be accurately positioned and joined to the lower segment in the lower cylindrical tunnel covering, and the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering can be smoothly joined. It can be formed accurately.

  According to the method of building a tunnel in the embankment according to the present invention, after the tunnel lining body is configured as a cylindrical tunnel lining body that is completely closed in the circumferential direction by joining arc-shaped segments, While the embankment is constructed on the outside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body, and the embankment is filled in the inside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body, the cylindrical tunnel lining body is It will be installed in the embankment without any excessive force acting on the joints between the segments and the bending moment and undesired stress on the segments that make up this, so that it can sufficiently withstand the earth pressure of the embankment Cylindrical tunnel lining body with high strength can be formed in the embankment. In addition, after the assembly of the cylindrical tunnel lining body is completed using an trolley, embankment to the inside and outside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body is performed, so two different work processes are repeated alternately. There is no need, and the installation work of the tunnel lining body in the embankment becomes simple, and the installation work can be performed efficiently.

Next, a method for constructing a tunnel in the embankment according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, a valley portion where a tunnel is to be constructed is excavated, and a concrete foundation having a predetermined width and thickness over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is formed on the ground 1 at the bottom. 2 is constructed. The foundation 2 may be formed by assembling a formwork at a construction site and placing concrete in the formwork, or may be formed by installing precast concrete. On the upper surface of the foundation 2, an arc-shaped concave surface having the same radius as the arc of the outer circumference of an arc-shaped precast concrete segment 3 (hereinafter simply referred to as "segment") for forming the cylindrical tunnel lining body R 2a is provided over the entire length of the tunnel in the longitudinal direction.
A plurality of ready-made segments 3 are arranged on the foundation 2 along the circumferential direction of the arcuate concave surface 2a (three in the illustrated example), and the required number is arranged along the entire length in the length direction of the tunnel. The bottom segment row 3A is assembled by fixing and supporting, and joining the joint surfaces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tunnel of each segment 3 by a conventionally known joint.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of support members 4 in which arc-shaped portions 4 a along the arc-shaped concave surface 2 a are opposed to each other on both sides of the arc-shaped concave surface 2 a of the foundation 2 over the entire length of the base 2. Install. Then, along the arcuate portion 4a of the support member 4, a pair of segments 3 and 3 are placed over the entire length of the bottom segment 3A on the upper ends on both sides of the bottom segment row 3A, in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tunnel. The upper segment row 3B is assembled by joining the joint surfaces of the adjacent segments 3 and 3 with joints. Thereby, the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body R1 which comprises the lower half part of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R is formed.
In addition, the embankment 5a is introduced and constructed to the inside of the upper segment row 3B (lower semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body R1) so as to reach the height of the substantially bottom segment row 3A, and the upper surface thereof is a rolling roller or the like. Then, the embankment 5b is applied to the outside of the upper segment row 3B to such a degree that the upper end portions on both sides are slightly exposed, and is rolled by a rolling roller or the like.
The segments 3 of the segment rows 3A and 3B are arranged so that every other segment 3 in the tunnel length direction is shifted in phase by the same amount in the circumferential direction of the tunnel (see FIGS. 5 and 6). .

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, on the upper surface of the embankment 5a constructed on the inner side of the upper segment row 3B, a pair of rails 6 and 6 are spaced apart in the width direction of the tunnel (left and right in FIG. 3), It is installed in parallel over the entire length of each segment row 3A, 3B (tunnel). Then, the construction carriage 7 is assembled on the rails 6 and 6 and placed so as to be able to run in the axial direction of the tunnel.
As shown in FIGS. 3, 5, and 6, the installation cart 7 is provided at both ends of a pair of base members 7 a and 7 a that are arranged to extend in the axial direction of the tunnel with an interval in the width direction of the tunnel. The column members 7b and 7b are erected, and a plurality of horizontal members 7c provided at different heights are connected to the column members 7b and 7b to be reinforced by the vertical members 7d and the slant members 7e. Support members 7g extending in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel are spanned between both ends of the horizontal member 7c and a pair of support members 7f provided in the middle portion in the left-right direction of the uppermost horizontal member 7c. A pair of receiving members 7h, 7h is fixed in the middle of the length direction of the tunnel of the supporting member 7g, and the surface connecting the outer peripheral surfaces of the receiving members 7h, 7h is along the arc of the inner peripheral surface of the segment 3 Formed on the rails 6 and 6 below the base members 7a and 7a. Dynamic wheel 7i, and is configured to provide a 7i.

  Next, the construction carriage 7 is moved on the rails 6 and 6 and moved to the front end side of the upper segment row 3B (one end portion in the axial direction of the tunnel (left end portion in FIGS. 5 and 6)). After fixing and stopping, the crane 8 such as a truck crane is installed on the embankment 5a in the upper segment row 3B, and then the prepared existing segment 3 is lifted by the hook 8a of the crane 8. (Refer to FIG. 5), the intermediate segments 3 (3a) are respectively placed on the upper ends of both sides of the upper segment row 3B (lower semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body R1), and the inner peripheral surfaces thereof are erected. The two upper and lower pairs of receiving members 7h and 7h in the middle part of the carriage 7 are positioned and supported, and the joint surfaces with the segments 3 of the upper segment row 3B adjacent in the circumferential direction are joined by joints.

  Next, similarly, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper segment 3 (3b) is lifted by the hook 8a of the crane 8, and the upper segments 3b, 3b are mounted on the upper ends of the intermediate segments 3a, 3a. The inner peripheral surfaces thereof are positioned and supported by two pairs of upper and lower receiving members 7h, 7h on the upper part of the gantry carriage 7, and the joint surfaces with the intermediate segment 3a adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are formed. While joining by a joint, the top segment 3 (3c) is lifted and fitted between the upper segments 3b and 3b, and positioned and supported by the support member 7g and the receiving member 7h at the upper end. Then, by joining the joint surfaces in the circumferential direction of both ends of the top segment 3c and the upper segments 3b and 3b with joints, the front end of the upper segment row 3B is connected to the front end in the axial direction of the tunnel. Each segment 3a, 3b, 3c is closed in the circumferential direction to form one segment ring (covering body ring) r forming a part of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R.

  Next, the construction carriage 7 is moved backward by the length of the segment 3 in the tunnel axis direction, and then stopped (at that time, the crane 8 is also moved backward by a predetermined distance if necessary). The same segment 3 joining operation as shown is performed to form a next segment ring r at an adjacent position near the other axial end of the tunnel of the upper segment row 3B. The joint surfaces adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the tunnel of each segment 3a, 3b, 3c and the segment 3a, 3b, 3c of the next segment ring r are joined by a joint. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the operation of joining the segment rings r and the adjacent segment rings r intermittently between the construction carriage 7 and the crane 8 toward the other end of the tunnel is performed. Repeatedly while moving backwards and stopping.

Then, the formation of the segment ring r and the joining operation between the adjacent segment rings r are completed at the other end in the axial direction of the tunnel (segment rows 3A and 3B), and the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body is formed. When the upper semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body R2 facing the upper half is assembled on R1, and the cylindrical tunnel covering body R is completed, the cylindrical tunnel covering body R (segment row 3A, 3B) The construction cart 7 and the rails 6 and 6 are removed from the embankment 5a, and the support member 4 installed on the foundation 2 outside the upper segment row 3B is removed.
Thereafter, the excavated soil or embankment 5c of the ground 1 is sequentially introduced from one end side to the other end side of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R by an appropriate transfer means (not shown) such as a belt conveyor. Then, it is pressed by a rolling roller or the like. The cylindrical shape is adjusted in accordance with the height of the embankment 5c in the cylindrical tunnel covering body R while observing the progress of the filling and rolling of the embankment 5c into the cylindrical tunnel covering body R. The embankment 5d is also applied to the outside of the tunnel lining body R and rolled. The support member 4 may be buried in the embankment 5d without being removed.

  Thus, when the embankment 5c is thrown into the inside of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R up to its top, the axial direction of the tunnel (cylindrical tunnel covering R) through which workers can pass near the top. A continuous space h is opened along the entire length, and an inflatable sealed filling bag G made of rubber or synthetic resin is installed in the space h, and water, bentonite, cement milk or the like is not solidified in the filling bag G The liquid segment is filled and expanded, and the top segment 3c is supported on the embankment 5c via the liquid fluid in the filling bag G. Thereby, the embankment 5a, 5c is substantially filled in the cylindrical tunnel covering body R, and when the embankment 5d is constructed on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R, the cylindrical tunnel covering body R is filled. It is possible to prevent unnecessary stress from being generated in the lining body R through the top segment 3c. Note that the bentonite, cement milk, and other non-solidified liquid fluids and powdery fillers may be directly injected into the space h without filling the filling bag G.

  When the filling of the bank 5c into the cylindrical tunnel covering body R and the support of the top segment 3c to the bank 5c are completed, the cylindrical tunnel covering body R is moved to the outside of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R. Then, the remaining embankment 5d is applied and rolled so as to reach a predetermined height from the top (see FIG. 8). At that time, earth pressure corresponding to the thickness (height from the cylindrical tunnel lining body R) acts on the outer periphery of the cylindrical tunnel lining body R by the embankment 5d. Is already configured as a cylindrical body in which the arc-shaped segment 3 is joined and completely closed in the circumferential direction, and the embankment 5a, 5c is filled inside by rolling, so that the cylindrical tunnel The cylindrical tunnel lining body R is embedded in the embankment 5d without bending moments or useless stress acting on the segments 3 constituting the lining body R or excessive force acting on the joints between the segments 3. The Rukoto.

Next, when the construction and rolling of the embankment 5d are completed, the embankment 5c thrown into the inside of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R is cut by using a small excavator or a belt conveyor to cover the cylindrical tunnel. While discharging to the outside of the construction body R, the filling bag G is taken out, and a waterway or road is constructed inside the hollow cylindrical tunnel covering body R to complete the construction of the tunnel inside the embankment 5d. Even if the embankment 5a, 5c is removed from the inside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body R, as described above, a bending moment or unnecessary stress on the segment 3 or an unreasonable force acts on the joint portion between the segments 3. In this state, a tunnel having sufficient strength to withstand the earth pressure of the embankment 5d can be realized.
A road S or the like is constructed on the surface of the embankment 5d above the cylindrical tunnel lining body R so as to intersect the cylindrical tunnel lining body R as necessary.

  As described above, the method for constructing a tunnel in the embankment according to the above embodiment applies the foundation 2 on the ground 1 in which the arc-shaped concave surface 2a is formed on the upper side along the length direction of the tunnel, A plurality of the segments 3 are arranged and joined along the arc direction of the arc-shaped concave surface 2a and the length direction of the tunnel, and the lower half of the bottom segment row 3A and the upper segment row 3B supported on the foundation 2 are supported. After the cylindrical tunnel lining body R1 is formed, the embankments 5a and 5b having a predetermined height are applied to the inside and outside of the lower semicylindrical tunnel lining body R1, respectively. Rails 6 and 6 are laid along the length direction of the tunnel on the embankment 5a inside R1, and the segment 3 can be supported on the rails 6 and 6 along the circumferential direction and the length direction of the tunnel. Construction trolley 7 Place the segment 3 above the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body R1 while intermittently moving and stopping the construction carriage 7 from one end side to the other end side of the tunnel. The cylindrical tunnel lining body R is completed by sequentially repeating the operations of positioning and joining with the carriage 7 and assembling the upper semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body R2 facing the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body R1. Next, after the embankment 5a, 5c is applied to the entire inside of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R, the embankment 5d having a predetermined height is applied to the outside of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R. The embankment 5a, 5c is removed from the inside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body R.

  Therefore, according to the method for constructing a tunnel in the embankment according to the above embodiment, the cylindrical tunnel lining body R in which the tunnel lining body joins the arc-shaped segment 3 and is completely closed in the circumferential direction. After the construction, the embankment 5d is applied to the outside of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R, and when the embankment 5d is applied, the embankments 5a and 5c are placed inside the cylindrical tunnel covering body R. Since the cylindrical tunnel lining R is filled by rolling, the bending moment or unnecessary stress on the segment 3 constituting the cylindrical tunnel lining body R is in a state where an excessive force does not act on the joint portion between the segments 3. Thus, a sufficient cylindrical tunnel covering body R that can withstand the earth pressure of the embankment 5d can be formed in the embankment 5d.

  Further, when the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body R1 is formed on the foundation 2 by the bottom segment row 3A and the upper segment row 3B, the segment 3 of the upper segment 3B located above the foundation 2 Since the outer peripheral surface is configured to be supported by the support member 4 having the arc-shaped portion 4a installed on the foundation 2, the upper portion of the segment 3 in the bottom segment row 3A in the lower cylindrical tunnel covering body R1 is The segments 3 of the segment row 3B can be accurately positioned and joined, and the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body R1 can be formed smoothly and accurately.

  In the method for constructing a tunnel in the embankment according to the embodiment, after the segment row 3B is formed in the tunnel axis direction, one segment ring r is assembled from one end side to the other end side. The construction of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R is completed by moving the construction carriage 7 every time the process is finished and repeating the work of assembling the next segment ring r. The segment rings r are assembled at the same time, and each time the assembly is completed, the construction carriage 7 is moved by the axial length of the tunnels of the plurality of segment rings r to assemble the next plurality of segment rings r. You may make it complete the assembly of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R by repeating an operation | work.

Moreover, in the method of constructing a tunnel in the embankment according to the embodiment, after the cylindrical tunnel lining body R is completed, every time the embankment 5c is thrown into the interior at a predetermined height, the throw-in height is increased. By repeating the work of constructing the embankment 5d on the outside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body R in correspondence with the above, the construction of the embankment 5d having a predetermined height on the outside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body R is completed. Not limited to this, after the filling of the embankment 5c into the entire interior of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R and the installation of the filling bag G in the space h are completed, outside the cylindrical tunnel covering body R The embankment 5d may be constructed on the embankment 5b.
Further, when the upper segment row 3B at the upper end of the bottom segment row 3A is joined, the support member 4 that supports the segment 3 is installed on the foundation 2, but instead of the support member 4, the upper segment row 3B. The embankment 5b can be raised in a mountain shape along the portion corresponding to the outer side of the outer periphery, and the outer periphery of each segment 3 of the segment row 3B can be supported by the raised embankment 5b.

In the method for constructing a tunnel in the embankment according to the embodiment, the upper and lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering bodies R2 and R1 pass through the cylindrical tunnel covering body R substantially at the center thereof. Although the shape is divided into two equal parts on a horizontal plane, the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body R1 is cylindrical, although not limited to this, depending on the size of the diameter of the cylindrical tunnel covering body R. The tunnel lining body R has an arcuate surface shape that is divided by about one segment 3 below the center, and the upper semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body R2 complements the cylindrical tunnel lining. You may form in the circular arc surface shape which comprises the body R. FIG. Therefore, in the present invention, the semi-cylindrical shapes of the semi-cylindrical tunnel covering bodies R1 and R2 are not only the shape of the cylinder divided into two equal parts along the axial direction, but also arc lengths of other predetermined sizes. Also included are those formed in a circular arc shape having
Furthermore, although the precast concrete segment 3 was used in order to form the said cylindrical tunnel lining body R, not only this but the synthetic segment formed with steel segments and steel materials and concrete can also be used.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction procedure (the 1) in the method of building a tunnel in the embankment which concerns on one embodiment of this invention with a cross section. It is explanatory drawing which similarly shows a construction procedure (the 2) in a cross section. It is explanatory drawing which similarly shows a construction procedure (the 3) in a cross section. It is explanatory drawing which similarly shows a construction procedure (the 4) in a cross section. It is explanatory drawing which similarly shows a construction procedure (the 5) on a side surface. It is explanatory drawing which similarly shows a construction procedure (the 5) with a plane. It is explanatory drawing which similarly shows a construction procedure (the 6) in a cross section. It is explanatory drawing which similarly shows a construction procedure (the 7) in a cross section.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground 2 Foundation 2a Arc-shaped concave surface 3, 3a, 3b, 3c Segment 3A, 3B Segment row 4 Support member 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d Embankment 7 Construction trolley 8 Crane R Cylindrical tunnel covering R1, R2 Semi-cylindrical shape Tunnel lining body r Segment ring (lining body ring)

Claims (2)

A method of constructing a tunnel by constructing a cylindrical tunnel lining body formed by joining arc-shaped segments in a fill,
A foundation formed with an arc-shaped concave surface on the upper side along the length direction of the tunnel is constructed on the ground, and a plurality of the segments are arranged and joined along the arc direction of the arc-shaped concave surface and the length direction of the tunnel. Then, after forming the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body supported on the foundation, each of the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel lining body is filled with a predetermined height of embankment, and the lower half-cylindrical tunnel lining body is constructed. A trolley that lays rails along the length of the tunnel on the embankment inside the cylindrical tunnel cover and supports the segments along the circumferential and length directions of the tunnel on the rail After that, the segment is moved above the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body with the erection cart while intermittently moving and stopping the erection cart from one end side to the other end side of the tunnel. Position and join The cylindrical tunnel covering body is completed by sequentially repeating the work of assembling the upper semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body facing the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body, and then the cylindrical tunnel covering body The embedding is performed on the entire interior of the cylinder tunnel, the embankment having a predetermined height is constructed on the outside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body, and then the embankment is removed from the inside of the cylindrical tunnel lining body. How to build a tunnel in the embankment. 2. When forming the lower semi-cylindrical tunnel covering body on the foundation, the outer peripheral surface of the segment located above the foundation is supported by a support member installed on the foundation. How to build a tunnel in the embankment described in.

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