JP4655279B2 - Natural material water purification coagulating sedimentation agent - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to improving the water quality of public water surfaces such as polluted rivers and lakes.

Technical background

The history of coagulation sedimentation treatment is old, and in 1740 it was used for sewage treatment in Paris.
The coagulation sedimentation treatment is a treatment in which fine particles that are not easily settled in water are added to each other by adding a drug to form large particles and settle. The drug added at this time is a flocculant.
The flocculant includes inorganic flocculants and organic flocculants.
Typical inorganic flocculants include sulfuric acid bands and PAC (polyaluminum chloride), which have been used most widely and in large quantities to date such as purification of tap water and sewage treatment.
Organic flocculants include synthetic organic polymer flocculants and natural organic polymer flocculants.
Synthetic organic polymer flocculants have been widely used since they were introduced into Japan in 1955, being ten times more effective than inorganic flocculants and easy to sludge treatment. However, acrylamide, which is an acrylamide-based flocculant currently used, is said to have carcinogenicity and toxicity, and safety when used in large quantities becomes a problem.
For this reason, the use of synthetic organic polymer flocculants in water purification plants is not permitted in Japan.
Currently, chitosan that is made by deacetylation from chitin is often used in natural organic polymer flocculants.

The chemical used for coagulation is called a coagulant, the chemical that helps the coagulant work is called a coagulant aid, and the chemical that adjusts to the optimum pH for coagulation is called a pH regulator. There are many types of these chemicals, but the main ones are listed below.
Flocculant sulfate band (aluminum sulfate. Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) _{3. n} H 2 O).
PAC (polyaluminum chloride. Aln (OH) m.Cln-m).
Sodium alginate (extracted from seaweed, rarely used).
Organic polymer flocculant (not used for drinking water).
Aggregation aid sodium alginate.
Bentonite.
Powdered activated carbon.
Active silicic acid.
-PH adjuster Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide).
sodium carbonate.
Sulfuric acid.
In general, there is an optimum pH range for aggregation, and a pH adjuster is added to adjust the raw water within this pH range.

As described above, in the conventional flocculant, the chemical is the main component of the flocculant.
It is mainly used in water and sewage systems and is not generally used in public rivers and lakes.

  In the present invention, the main component of the coagulating precipitant is composed of natural materials (towada stone, aragonite, zeolite grains and powder), and the environment-friendly coagulating precipitant is used for polluted rivers and lakes. It is the purpose.

Main component The official name of Towada stone is "andesitic pumice tuff" and is produced in the Tohoku region.
The main constituent minerals are silicate minerals such as feldspar, chlorite and quartz. Table 1 shows the scientific composition (%). Widely used nationwide as a building material, the price is low.
The mill material produced at the time of production is made into stone grains and stone powder, and sold under the brand name “Hinai Green”. When the material melts in water, minerals are dissolved and the activity of microorganisms (bacteria) in the water is promoted. Table 2 shows the inorganic ions when eluted.
It also has effects such as odor adsorption, negative ion release, and far-infrared radiation.
The present invention uses this stone powder and stone grain. The size of the particles used is between 0.01 mm and 1.00 mm depending on the water quality. The pH value after use is stable at around 7.6.
The role in the present invention becomes a nucleus of aggregation and settles and becomes a nutrient of bacteria in water.

この場合、イオン交換ではなく、不溶性物質として固定している。
凝集沈殿汚泥を回収する場合には有効的素材です。使用後のｐＨ値もほぼ中世となります。表３に科学組成（％）を記載します。
使用する粒子の大きさは水質に緒応じて、０．０１ミリ〜１．００ミリの間です。
本発明での役割は汚染物質を吸着すると共に、凝集の核となり、沈降する。

1. Main component About Aragonite Aragonite is composed of calcareous and siliceous varieties of nekton (shells and fish) plankton (microorganisms), algae, seaweed, etc. Today, over the years, these fossil bodies, which have decomposed and corroded to retain their original shape and have been dissolved, have been mined (dehydrated) after being crushed and stratified. Although it is distributed nationwide, it is currently used from Okinawa (Ryukyu Aragonite).
Aragonite also adsorbs heavy metals, water-soluble cutting oil, printing ink, sulfurous acid gas, etc. well. According to materials from the Faculty of Science of Kanazawa University, the following experimental results are shown.

In this case, it is fixed as an insoluble substance, not ion exchange.
It is an effective material for collecting coagulated sediment sludge. The pH value after use is almost medieval. Table 3 shows the scientific composition (%).
The size of the particles used is between 0.01 mm and 1.00 mm depending on the water quality.
The role in the present invention is to adsorb pollutants and to become the core of aggregation and settle.

Subcomponent 1. Aluminum sulfate. Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ . _n H ₂ O. Use powder agent.
The role in the present invention functions to accelerate aggregation in the initial stage of the treatment.

Subcomponent 2. Calcium sulfate. Ca ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₂ . Use powder agent.
The role in the present invention functions to accelerate aggregation in the initial stage of the treatment.

Subcomponent 3. sodium carbonate. Na ₂ CO ₃ . Use powder agent.
The role in the present invention functions to adjust the pH value after the treatment.

Subcomponent 4. About Zeolite Zeolite is called the Japanese name (zeolite) and is a porous substance with many cavities in the crystal. It is an ore crystallized by silicon, aluminum, sodium, etc.
There are many production areas in the hot spring area, and it is distributed nationwide. In terms of resources, it is widely used for fertilizers, water purification, deodorants, cosmetics, etc. It is characterized by water absorption.
Table 4 shows the scientific composition (%).
The size of the particles used is between 0.01 mm and 1.00 mm depending on the water quality.
The role in the present invention has an aggregating effect and functions to suppress the amount of subcomponents 1 and 2 used.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned powders of the main components 1 and 2 and the subcomponents 1, 2, 3, and 4 are uniformly mixed and dispersed in water while contaminated water and sludge are removed from the water on the surface. By stirring while taking in, the pollutants in the water are agglomerated and precipitated to regenerate clean water.
The mixing ratio is adjusted according to the water quality and sludge amount. Table 5 shows the ratio.

The raw water of Kasai water, Soka City, Saitama Prefecture, is sampled and 20 grams of "natural water purification and coagulating sediment" (ratio 1: 5000) is added to 100 liters of the sewage at the mixing ratio shown in Table 6. As a result of the stirring treatment while taking in air, the water quality after coagulation sedimentation, C1 in FIG. 2, is dramatically improved when comparing Table 7 (before treatment) and Table 8 (after treatment).
Further, the aggregated precipitate after the treatment could be quickly recovered by the submersible pump by the method shown in FIG.
After only 14 days, only stirring was tried again, but it took a little time, but settled as in the initial stage.
In the environment shown in FIG. 3 without collecting aggregated sediment, water 30 minutes after treatment, several fishes in C1 in FIG. 3, 50 guppy (tropical fish) fry, 3 Tosakin (goldfish) juveniles, Japanese gold (Funa) Twelve juvenile fish are bred, but after 60 days, seven guppyes have died, but they are growing healthy.
And the deposit layer which was 60 mm immediately after processing is reduced to about 30 mm.
This is because the initial aggregated frog became finer and the organic matter in the precipitate decreased due to the activity of the bacteria.
In addition, the turbidity measurement conducted by collecting raw water from the Sumida River and Shinobazunoike Pond, Table 9 shows a value that far exceeds that of raw water when time passes. (By visual judgment, it is as transparent as tap water)
Added calcium sulfate. Ca ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₂ . Concentration: Relative land is also a much lower value than natural drinking water, which is commercially available, with reference to Table 10.
Added aluminum sulfate. Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ . _n H2O. For, there is very little increase in concentration.
In the experiment of Table 9, the amount of “natural material water purification coagulation sedimentation material” that is 10 to 20 times the amount used in the actual site is input to observe the transition of the numerical value. The number of uses is much lower than this.

  The use ratio of the “natural water purification coagulation sedimentation material” of the present invention with the contaminated water at the site varies depending on the water quality and bottom quality, but the effect is exhibited with the use amount of 1: 5000 to 1: 10000. it can.

  As described above, the “natural material water purification and coagulating sediment” of the present invention can be used effectively for improving the water quality of public rivers, lakes and marshes, both in terms of environment and cost.

The “natural water purification coagulation sediment” of the present invention was developed to improve the water quality of polluted public rivers and lakes.
In order to carry out the present invention more effectively, it is necessary to consult with the manager (most of the public water surface in Japan is administratively managed).
First, it is necessary to investigate and grasp the water quality, bottom quality, and ecosystem of the target rivers and lakes.
In addition, it is necessary to have a comprehensive plan for purification measures, such as whether or not to collect coagulated sediment after treatment, and what to do after the treatment.

  After examining the above-mentioned contents, a more effective blending ratio of “natural material water purification and agglomerated sedimentation material” is calculated and processed by a more effective stirring method.

  Environment of coagulation sedimentation treatment by water tank experiment   Collection of coagulated sediment by water tank experiment   Observation of agglomeration sediment and fish breeding by aquarium experiment

A Water tank B Surface air C Raw water C1 Treated water D Sludge D1 Aggregated sediment E Stirrer F Submersible pump G Drain hose H Airstone I “Natural material water purification purified aggregated sediment” of the present invention

Claims (1)

To coagulate and settle pollutants in polluted rivers and lakes,
Towada stone "andesitic pumice tuff" and natural stone powder made of aragonite, with a small amount of calcium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, sodium carbonate, and zeolite added,
Drug "Natural material water purification coagulating sediment"

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