CN110692650B - Composition for preventing or removing occurrence of cyanobacteria and method for removing cyanobacteria using the same - Google Patents

Composition for preventing or removing occurrence of cyanobacteria and method for removing cyanobacteria using the same Download PDF

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CN110692650B
CN110692650B CN201911047325.4A CN201911047325A CN110692650B CN 110692650 B CN110692650 B CN 110692650B CN 201911047325 A CN201911047325 A CN 201911047325A CN 110692650 B CN110692650 B CN 110692650B
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cyanobacteria
composition
occurrence
water
preventing
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CN110692650A (en
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郑东星
朴元坤
高星铉
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Daming Industries Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/02Sulfur; Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/08Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents

Abstract

The present invention provides a polymer-containing aluminum chloride ([ Al)2(OH)nCl6‑n]m(1 ≦ n ≦ 5, m ≦ 10)), zinc chloride (ZnCl), and zinc chloride2) Calcium chloride (CaCl)2) Potassium chloride (KCL) and sodium sulfate (Na)2SO4) And water, and a method for removing cyanobacteria characterized by destroying cyanobacteria within 120 hours after adding the composition at a concentration of 5 to 50 mg/L.

Description

Composition for preventing or removing occurrence of cyanobacteria and method for removing cyanobacteria using the same
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria and a method for removing cyanobacteria using the same.
Background
Cyanobacteria (cyanobacteria) are photosynthetic algae, similar to plants, having chlorophyll, and when excessive reproduction, microcystin (microcystin) and geosmin (geosmin) are produced, which are important algae causing eutrophication of lakes. Cyanobacteria are originally aerobic bacteria for producing oxygen through photosynthesis in the absence of oxygen in the original area, but the cyanobacteria are increasingly bred as the result of excessive supply of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to the infants due to climate change, temperature rise and rainfall pattern change.
When cyanobacteria burst (bloom) and a large amount of reproduction and death occur, the problems of water quality deterioration (oxygen deficiency and organic matter increase) and the like are easily caused, and toxic substances secreted by the cyanobacteria are harmful to water ecosystems and human bodies. Or is harmless to human body, but secretes peculiar smell substances, induces tap water and the like to emit soil smell and abnormal taste, reduces the satisfaction degree of pure water supply, and causes the problem that residents are dissatisfied to complain. At present, the large-scale damage caused by microcystin does not occur in korea, but the reality of the osmin is enough to sound the alarm clock.
When cyanobacteria occur, toxic substances are not always detected, but when appropriate environmental conditions (life stage of cells, water temperature, pH, high phosphorus concentration) are met, toxic substances are released into water. The standard for microcystins in drinking water is 1. mu.g/L (ppb) or less (WHO guidelines), the standard for osmin is 20ng/L (ppt) or less (environmental department), and the standard for toxoid a is 3. mu.g/L (ppb) or less (Australia).
At present, cyanobacteria widely occurs all over the world, and korea widely occurs in national rivers such as northern hanjiang and southern hanjiang, and the occurrence range is continuously spread every year.
It is believed that cyanobacteria occur due to the excessive supply of nutrient salts (nitrogen and phosphorus) and high water temperatures. Nutritive salts are contained in domestic sewage, industrial wastewater or various fecaluria produced on large farms, and nowadays, the nutritive salts also flow into river water in large quantities, so that cyanobacteria often occur.
With the generation of cyanobacteria, the secreted mucus substance increases the pollution degree of river water to suffocate the ecosystem, and after a certain time, phytoplankton is dead and decomposed by microorganisms to consume oxygen dissolved in the river water, and the oxygen-free state is formed with lack of dissolved oxygen, so that the microorganisms are dead due to respiratory disturbance.
Various studies and methods are therefore being attempted worldwide for the prevention of cyanobacteria. If the inflow of the sewage and wastewater containing nutrient salts can be strictly controlled, the occurrence of cyanobacteria can be prevented from the source, but the actual difficulty is higher.
Therefore, once cyanobacteria are produced, only efforts to reduce the damage have been made, and the conventional application technology is to sprinkle cyanobacteria-preventing agent mainly comprising loess or lime in the area where cyanobacteria are produced.
The loess scattering method is a method in which colloidal particles in soil coagulate cyanobacteria to precipitate the cyanobacteria in river water or sea water to destroy the cyanobacteria, which has an advantage of low cost, but a part of the cyanobacteria after precipitation re-floats or decays in river water or sea, causing secondary environmental pollution. The lime (CaO) is added to the lime to cause generation of sulfate ions (SO) which are the cause of cyanobacteria4 -) To form gypsum (CaSO)4.2H2O), thereby reducing cyanobacteria. However, in this method, gypsum, which is a reaction product, forms a film on the surface layer of the sea bottom and tightly covers the film, and blocks dissolved oxygen in water, so that fish, shellfish and aquatic plants under the gypsum film are suffocated and withered.
Korean registered patent No. 10-0317889 is a technique for solving these problems. The technology is in Mg (OH)2The blue algae inhibitor contains 0.6 to 5.0 weight parts of lime. According to the technology, the content of lime is limited to be less than 5 parts by weight, so that the problems existing in the prior art, such as the asphyxia and withering of fishes and shellfishes and aquatic plants below the gypsum membrane, can be solved, but the problem exists that the elimination efficiency of blue algae is low, and a large amount of blue bacteria is needed to be used as a remover.
Korean laid-open patent No. 10-2006-0103311 discloses a red tide removing agent comprising 25 to 35 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 30 to 40 parts by weight of zinc oxide, and 30 to 45 parts by weight of acid clay. The technology is to remove cyanobacteria by penetrating cell walls of organisms produced by cyanobacteria to destroy protoplasm, but aquatic microorganisms are also destroyed due to toxicity, which adversely affects ecosystems.
Prior art documents
Patent document
(patent document 0001) korean [0013] registered patent No. 10-0317889;
(patent document 0002) korean patent laid-open No. 10-2006-0103311.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a composition for preventing or removing cyanobacteria, which has an excellent effect of preventing and removing cyanobacteria and also has an excellent survival rate of aquatic microorganisms other than cyanobacteria.
Technical scheme
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria, which is characterized by containing polyaluminum chloride ([ Al)2(OH)nCl6-n]m(n and m are 1 ═ n ≦ n5, an integer of 10m or less)), zinc chloride (ZnCl)2) Calcium chloride (CaCl)2) Potassium chloride (KCl), sodium sulfate (Na)2SO4) And water.
Advantageous effects
The composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria according to the present invention has the advantageous effects that the effect of preventing and removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria is excellent and that the survival rate of aquatic microorganisms other than cyanobacteria is excellent.
Detailed Description
The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria, which is characterized by comprising: polyaluminum chloride ([ Al)2(OH)nCl6-n]m(n and m are integers satisfying 1 ═ n ≦ 5 and m ≦ 10)), zinc chloride (ZnCl)2) Calcium chloride (CaCl)2) Potassium chloride (KCL) and sodium sulfate (Na)2SO4) And water.
The pH of the composition is preferably 3.5 to 5.5, which can be adjusted by means of a filter.
The composition is added to the body of water at a concentration of 5 to 50mg/L, preferably 10 to 30 mg/L. When the concentration of the composition added is less than the range, the effect of preventing the occurrence or removal of cyanobacteria cannot be brought to an appropriate level, and when it exceeds the range, there is no advantage in terms of cost.
The composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria of the present invention is dispersed on the water surface without settling in water after being added to a target water area. Therefore, when the composition is added before the occurrence of cyanobacteria, the composition dispersed on the water surface can be utilized to obtain an effect that the occurrence of cyanobacteria can be prevented.
When the composition is added to a target water area where cyanobacteria are proliferated, the composition is coagulated with cyanobacteria to destroy the cyanobacteria, and the coagulated material is left on the water surface in a dispersed state, thereby providing an advantage of convenience in use. Specifically, in the prior art, in the process of removing cyanobacteria, condensed substances are settled in water, and therefore, the removal work is supplemented, and the settled condensed substances can cause secondary environmental pollution. However, the composition of the present invention is such that the agglomerated matter remains on the water surface in a dispersed state, the incidence of the agglomerated matter is greatly reduced to a level of 1/10, the agglomerated matter is easily removed, the cost of replenishing the work is saved, and the time required for the work is reduced.
When the composition for preventing or removing occurrence of cyanobacteria of the present invention is used for preventing or removing cyanobacteria, the composition can also have an effect of preventing occurrence and removal of red tides.
The present invention provides a method for removing cyanobacteria, characterized in that when the composition for preventing or removing cyanobacteria is added at a concentration of 5 to 50mg/L, cyanobacteria is destroyed within 120 hours.
Polyaluminum chloride ([ Al)2(OH)nCl6-n]m(n and m are integers satisfying 1-n-5 and m-10) as a catalyst for inducing a reaction between the components of the composition, and the composition can act to aggregate the destroyed algal bodies and trap dissolved zinc (Zn) ions, thereby reducing the toxicity of zinc chloride used together with the aggregation and significantly improving the survival rate of microorganisms in water. The polyaluminum chloride is present in an amount of 1.0 to 2.5 parts by weight, preferably 1.2 to 2.2 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. When the content of the polyaluminum chloride is less than the above range, the above effects cannot be obtained, and when it exceeds the above range, coagulation and sedimentation may occur.
Zinc chloride can be used to destroy cyanobacteria. The zinc chloride is present in an amount of 2.0 to 3.3 parts by weight, preferably 2.5 to 3.0 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. When the zinc chloride content is less than the above range, the efficiency of eliminating cyanobacteria is lowered, and when the zinc chloride content exceeds the above range, aquatic microorganisms in the vicinity are eliminated in addition to cyanobacteria, and the aquatic ecosystem may be destroyed.
Calcium chloride may be used to absorb moisture from the condensed matter. The calcium chloride is present in an amount of 1.5 to 2.8 parts by weight, preferably 1.8 to 2.5 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. When the content of calcium chloride is less than the above range, the flocs of the coagulated material are destroyed, and when the content exceeds the above range, the coagulated material is strongly coagulated together.
Potassium chloride is used to decompose nitrogen components that can be used as an energy source when cyanobacteria proliferate. The potassium chloride is present in an amount of 3.5 to 5.5 parts by weight, preferably 3.7 to 5.0 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. When the content of potassium chloride is less than the above range, the decomposition efficiency of nitrogen components is lowered, and when it exceeds the above range, it is not preferable because it is not advantageous in view of cost.
Sodium sulfate is a dehydrating agent that can be used as a coagulating substance. The sodium sulfate is present in an amount of 2.0 to 5.5 parts by weight, preferably 3.5 to 5.0 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. When the content of sodium sulfate is less than the range, the salt resistance of the coagulated material becomes problematic, and when it exceeds the range, the flocs of the coagulated material increase.
The amount of water is the remainder of 100 parts by weight of the total composition. The water is not particularly limited, but preferably used, and the specific resistance value of the water showing the degree to which ions in the water are removed is pure water of 5 to 18M Ω · cm or ultrapure water of 18M Ω · cm or more.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The described embodiments are, however, a few, not all embodiments of the invention. . It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; and such modifications and substitutions still fall within the technical scope of the present invention. The following examples and comparative examples show the content of "%" and "part(s)" as a quality standard unless otherwise mentioned.
Production of compositions for preventing or removing occurrence of cyanobacteria according to examples and comparative examples
Example 1:
400kg of water and 200kg of polyaluminum chloride (10%, (manufactured by EFT Co., Ltd.) 150kg of zinc chloride (18%), 150kg of calcium chloride (15%), 50g of potassium chloride (98%) and 50kg of sodium sulfate (98%) were placed in a reaction vessel, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred for two hours. After stirring, the mixture was filtered through a filter, and 1,000kg of the composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria of example 1 was obtained after adjusting the pH to 3.5 to 5.5.
Comparative example 1:
a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria in comparative example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that 150kg of zinc sulfate (22%) was used instead of 150kg of zinc chloride (18%).
Comparative example 2:
a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria of comparative example 2 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that 150kg of zinc chloride (18%) was replaced with 150kg of water.
Comparative example 3:
a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria of comparative example 3 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that 50kg of potassium sulfate (98%) was used instead of 50kg of potassium chloride (98%).
Comparative example 4:
a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria of comparative example 4 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that 50kg of potassium chloride (98%) was replaced with 50kg of water.
Comparative example 5:
a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria of comparative example 5 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that 50kg of sodium sulfate (98%) was replaced with 50kg of sodium gluconate (98%).
Comparative example 6:
a composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria of comparative example 6 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that 150kg of calcium chloride (15%) was replaced with 50kg of water.
Evaluation of cyanobacteria removal Effect and microbial stability
In 2018, raw water was taken from a cyanobacteria-producing water source in 7 months, and 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30mg/L of the composition of the example was added to 1,000ml of the raw water, respectively, and after evaluating the cyanobacteria removal effect and microbial stability, the results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002254452860000061
Figure BDA0002254452860000071
As can be seen from Table 1, the composition of example 1 showed a cyanobacteria removal effect when added at 5mg/L or more. However, considering the survival rate of other microorganisms except for cyanobacteria as the object to be removed, it can be judged that the removal efficiency of cyanobacteria is the highest when the composition is added at 10 to 30 mg/L.
Evaluation of preventive Effect on the occurrence of cyanobacteria-1
In 2018, raw water was taken from a cyanobacteria-producing water source in 7 months, and 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 35 and 50mg/L of the composition of example 1 was added to 1,000ml of the raw water, respectively, to evaluate the cyanobacteria production-preventing effect, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2
Distinguishing Concentration of the composition Preventive effect on the occurrence of cyanobacteria
Comparative test example 3 - Algae began to develop after 10 hours.
Test example 7 5mg/L No algae occurred after 360 hours.
Test example 8 10mg/L No algae occurred after 432 hours.
Test example 9 15mg/L After 480 hours no algae had developed.
Test example 10 20mg/L No algae occurred after 528 hours.
Test example 11 35mg/L After 600 hours no algae had occurred.
Test example 12 50mg/L No algae occurred after 1200 hours.
From the table 2, it was confirmed that the generation of cyanobacteria was prevented and the generation of algae due to cyanobacteria was suppressed with the addition of the composition.
Evaluation of preventive Effect on the occurrence of cyanobacteria-2
The chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration reaches 88mg/m in 7 months in 2018 due to cyanobacteria3The water source of (1) was taken, 0, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 16mg/L of the composition of example 1 was added to 1,000ml of the raw water, and the concentration change of chlorophyll-a according to temperature was measured to evaluate the occurrence prevention effect of cyanobacteria, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.
TABLE 3
(unit:mg/m3)
Figure BDA0002254452860000081
evaluation of preventive Effect on the occurrence of cyanobacteria-3
The chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration reaches 120mg/m due to cyanobacteria generation in 7 months in 20183The water source of (1) was prepared by adding 0, 7, 10, 13, 15 and 17mg/L of the composition of the example to 3,000 ml of raw water, respectively, and then measuring the concentration change of chlorophyll-a according to temperature to evaluate the occurrence prevention effect of cyanobacteria, the results of which are shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE 4
(unit: mg/m)3)
Figure BDA0002254452860000082
Figure BDA0002254452860000091
According to the tables 3 and 4, it was confirmed that the occurrence of cyanobacteria was prevented and the occurrence of algae due to cyanobacteria was suppressed after the addition of the composition at 25 to 33 ℃ at which the growth of chlorophyll-a due to cyanobacteria started to be active.
Therefore, when the composition of the present invention is added at an appropriate concentration according to the water temperature of the target water area, the occurrence of cyanobacteria can be prevented and the occurrence of algae can be suppressed.
Assessment of ecotoxicity
In 7 months in 2018 cyanobacteria were developed and the concentration of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) reached 286mg/m3Turbidity 92NTU water source raw water was taken, 5, 8, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37 and 40mg/L of the composition of the example was added to 3,000 ml of the raw water, and after 48 hours and 72 hours (table 6), the concentration change of the chlorophyll-a according to the temperature and turbidity, ecotoxicity were measuredAnd, after evaluating the removal effect and microbial stability of cyanobacteria, the results thereof are shown in tables 5 and 6 below.
TABLE 5
The addition amount of the composition Chl-a concentration (mg/m)3) Turbidity (NTU) Ecotoxicity (TU)
5mg/L 213 70 0
8mg/L 168 55 0
12mg/L 108 42 0
17mg/L 65 33 0
22mg/L 48 18 0
27mg/L 34 12 0
32mg/L 18 5 0
37mg/L 6 2 0
40mg/L 1 0.3 0
TABLE 6
Figure BDA0002254452860000092
Figure BDA0002254452860000101
From the tables 5 and 6, it was confirmed that, as the composition was added, cyanobacteria was removed, the concentration of chlorophyll-a was reduced, turbidity was reduced, water was clear, and ecotoxicity was also disappeared.
Evaluation of compositions according to example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6
In 2018, raw water was taken from a source where cyanobacteria were generated in 7 months, 10mg/L of each of the compositions of the examples and comparative examples was added to 1,000ml of the raw water, and after 72 hours, cyanobacteria removal efficiency and flocculation degree occurring when cyanobacteria were removed were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 7 below.
TABLE 7
Figure BDA0002254452860000102
Compared with the effects of the compositions of the examples identified according to the tables 1 to 6, the compositions of the comparative examples identified according to the table 7 are reduced in efficiency of removing cyanobacteria, the degree of flocculation of flocs is out of a reasonable range (1mm or less, preferably 1 to 100um), the flocs are excessively coagulated and settled, and thus it is not easy to remove the flocculated material after the cyanobacteria are exterminated.

Claims (4)

1. A composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria,
the composition contains polymeric aluminum chloride [ Al ] in 100 weight parts of the total weight2(OH)nCl6-n]mWherein 1= n ≦ 5, m ≦ 10, 1.2 to 2.5 parts by weight, zinc chloride (ZnCl)2) 2.0 to 3.3 parts by weight of calcium chloride (CaCl)2) 1.8 to 2.8 parts by weight, 3.5 to 5.5 parts by weight of potassium chloride (KCl), sodium sulfate (Na)2SO4) 2.0 to 5.5 parts by weight, and the balance water;
the composition or the flocculated material of the composition after coagulation with cyanobacteria is left on the water surface in a dispersed state, the pH of the composition being from 3.5 to 5.5.
2. The composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria according to claim 1,
the composition is added at a concentration of 5 to 50 mg/L.
3. The composition for preventing or removing the occurrence of cyanobacteria according to claim 2, wherein the composition is added at a concentration of 10 to 30 mg/L.
4. A method for removing cyanobacteria, which is characterized in that,
the composition of claim 1 is added at a concentration of 5 to 50mg/L to allow the cyanobacteria to be destroyed within 120 hours.
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