JP4653934B2 - バクテリオファージによって仲介される免疫化方法 - Google Patents
バクテリオファージによって仲介される免疫化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4653934B2 JP4653934B2 JP2002575011A JP2002575011A JP4653934B2 JP 4653934 B2 JP4653934 B2 JP 4653934B2 JP 2002575011 A JP2002575011 A JP 2002575011A JP 2002575011 A JP2002575011 A JP 2002575011A JP 4653934 B2 JP4653934 B2 JP 4653934B2
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- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Description
図7は、DNAワクチン中でインキュベートし、特定の抗血清をプローブとしたマウス腹腔内マクロファージを示す写真(倍率40倍)。i)〜iv)の条件は図6と同じである。
マイコプラズマ・カプリコルム亜種カプリニューモニエ(Mycoplasma capricolum subspicies capripneumoniae)(Mccp)株F38のゲノムの半ランダム断片(Tsp509I:AATTで切断)をラムダZAP発現ベクター(Stratagene社製)のEcoRI部位にクローン化することによりファージ発現ライブラリーを構築した。このファージは、サイトメガロイルスプロモーター配列及びLacZプロモーターを含むため、原核生物・真核細胞の両方で挿入断片を発現させることができる。
抗原提示細胞によるファージ粒子の直接取込みも検討した。この例では、全γMccpライブラリーは使用しなかった。代わりに、大腸菌上に塗布したときポリクローナルなウサギMccp抗血清に対する陽性応答を与えたファージクローンを採取した(IPTGを使用してタンパク質発現を誘導した)。クローンを増幅し精製した。前述のようにしてこのファージからもDNAを抽出した。このクローンDNA及び全ファージ粒子の試料をマウス腹膜マクロファージの培養液に加えた。マクロファージを抽出するために、2頭のマウスに対し、チオグリコレート培地2mlを腹腔内に注入した。5日後にマウスを致死させ、マグネシウム/カルシウムを含まないハンクバッファー塩溶液(HBSS)2mlで腹腔内を洗浄した。これらの抽出細胞を沈殿させHESSで2度洗浄し、トリパンブルーを加えて生細胞数を数えた。106マクロファージを、24ウェルマイクロタイタープレート上、10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)を含む1ml RPMI中37℃で2時間インキュベートして付着させる。非接着細胞を含む上清を除去し新鮮な培地を加えた。この特定クローンの109ファージ粒子を、1個のウェルに加え、このクローンから50ナノグラムのDNAを抽出して新鮮な培地に加え、37℃で一夜培養した。挿入断片を含むファージ及びこれらの「非挿入」ファージから抽出したDNAをネガティブ・コントロールとして使用した。
異なる発現ライブラリーを用い、変更を加えたワクチン接種条件を検討した。ファージ発現ライブラリーは、マイコプラズマ・マイコイデス(Mycoplasma mycoides)亜種マイコイデス(mycoides)のゲノムの小コロニー生物型(MmmSC)株T144の半ランダム断片(Tsp509I;AATTで切断)をラムダZAP発現ベクターのEcoRI部位にクローン化することにより構築した。用いたベクター・システム、クローニング操作及びファージ精製操作は、実施例1に記載したのと同様である。但し、ワクチン接種の操作は若干の変更した(投与ルート、アジュバントの存在、免疫化スケジュール)。1群当たり10頭のマウス(BALB/C株、指定された病原体なし。10〜12週齢)を試験した。MmmSCライブラリーを含むファージ(1.7×1011粒子/ml)50μlを(アジュバントなし)マウスに皮下注射した。対照マウスには注射しなかった。マウスは、0日目にワクチン接種する前にあらかじめ予備採血(pre-bled)した。28日目に、同一のブースター注射を行なった。試験採血は0日目、21日目及び42日目に行なった。MmmSC株T144の全細胞抽出を超音波処理し、これに対するELISAによって試験した。10頭の対照(免疫せず)マウスでは1頭も免疫応答を示さなかった。一方、全MmmSC発現ライブラリーで免疫したマウス10頭中2頭は顕著な免疫応答を示し、他の2頭は低レベルの応答を示した(図4)。
特定の抗原(緑色蛍光タンパク質[GFP])を発現するDNAコンストラクトを用いてマウスにワクチン接種し免疫応答を測定した。ワクチン抗原は、精製したプラスミドDNA pEGFP−C1(「裸の」DNA)として、またはバクテリオファージGFPワクチン(GFP)として免疫系に提示された。λ−GFPは、プラスミドpEGFP−C1(クローンテック(Clonetech)社カタログ番号6084-1)及びNM459(ノリーン・マレー(Noreen Murray)から提供を受けた)から構築した。NM459は、マレー及びマレー(1974)「DNA断片レセプター染色体を形成するためのファージλ中での操作及び制限標的」(Manipulation and restriction targets in phage to form receptor chromosomes for DNA fragments), Nature, 251 p476-481によるファージ・コンストラクトXIIのcI857 nin誘導体である。
抗原提示細胞によるファージ粒子の直接取込みについても調べた。プラスミドpEGFP−C1も対照として試験した。この実験については、λ−GFP(例3に記載した)及び別のコンストラクト、λB1を試験した。λB1は、実施例3に記載したλMmmSC発現ライブラリーから分離した。λB1は、MmmSC(55kDのタンパク質をコードする)のピルビン酸塩脱水素酵素(pdh)遺伝子及び他のいくつかの未確認のオープンリーディングフレームを含んでいた。このクローンをプラスミドとして切り出し、大腸菌に入れて形質転換し、これらの細胞抽出物をSDS−PAGEゲルにかけ、ニトロセルロースに移し、MmmSCに対して形成されたウサギ超免疫(hyperimmune)抗血清をプローブとしたところ、2種のタンパク質が識別された。これらの2種のタンパク質の分子量は55kDと29kDであり、それらは対照大腸菌(プラスミドのみを含む。pdh挿入断片なし)を使用した場合、または大腸菌のpdh−プラスミドを含む抽出物を対照ウサギ抗血清で調べたときには観察されなかった。
抗原提示細胞による直接的なファージ粒子の取り込み及びワクチン抗原の発現についても、定量的ELISAシステムを使用して試験した。この実験のために、λ−GFP(実施例4及び5に記載したもの)及びプラスミドpEGFP−C1を試験した。標準的な非発現バクテリオファージλコンストラクトもネガティブ・コントロール(λ−cI857)として試験した。マクロファージ(実施例4に記載したのと同様のもの)を液体窒素から取り出し、血清/抗生物質を含まないRPMI培地で2回洗い、同じ培地に再懸濁し、ウェル当たり106個の細胞を96ウェルマイクロプレート上に加えた。次いでマクロファージを37℃で2時間インキュベートして細胞を付着させ、次いで、培地を除いて新鮮なRPMI(10%ウシ胎児血清+抗生物質を含む)100μlを各ウェルに加えた。1ウェル当たり109個のファージ(λEGFPまたはネガティブ・コントロールλ−cI857のいずれか)または50ngのpEGFP−C1 DNAを加えた。次いで、試験プレートを5%CO2と共に37℃で一夜インキュベートした。
Claims (19)
- バクテリオファージ粒子及び薬学的に許容される担体を含み、前記ファージ粒子の表面は、特定の細胞タイプ表面のレセプターにより標的とされる外来ペプチド/タンパク質を含むようには修飾されておらず、バクテリオファージ粒子は真核生物プロモーターで制御される外来の核酸分子を含み、それによりその生物において免疫応答を引き起こすための処方物。
- ワクチンとして使用する請求項1に記載の処方物。
- 体液性及び/または細胞性免疫応答を引き出すことができる請求項1または2に記載の処方物。
- ウィルス、バクテリア、菌類、酵母、原生動物、蠕虫、昆虫または伝染性海綿状脳症に対するワクチン接種で使用するための請求項2または3に記載の処方物。
- 癌細胞特異的抗原の発現によって癌細胞に対する免疫応答を引き起こすべく使用するための請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- バクテリオファージが、ポリペプチドの発現を促進するための転写レギュレーター及び/または翻訳レギュレーターを含む請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- CMV、SV40、チミジン・キナーゼ及びRSVプロモーターから選択される真核生物プロモーターを含む請求項6に記載の処方物。
- 構成的プロモーター及び制御可能なプロモーターで制御される外来の核酸を含む請求項6に記載の処方物。
- バクテリオファージが、ラムダ(λ)、p1ファージ、Tファージ、Mu、fd、M13または繊維状ファージである請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- バクテリオファージが、ポリペプチドの単一コピーもしくは多重コピーまたは複数のポリペプチドを発現し得るものである請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- バクテリオファージが、選択された哺乳類宿主の自然なバクテリアフローラにおける細胞溶解成長をしないものである請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- 選択された哺乳類宿主の自然なバクテリアフローラにおけるリソソーム/エンドソーム酵素の代謝阻害剤及び/または核移行シグナルをさらに含む請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- バクテリオファージによって発現されるポリペプチドをさらに含む請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- ファージ粒子表面においてポリペプチドを発現するようにバクテリオファージが修飾されており、前記ポリペプチドは特定の細胞タイプ表面のレセプターにより標的とされないよう設計されている請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- 外来核酸が免疫応答の促進能を有するポリペプチドをさらにコードする請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- さらにアジュバントを含む請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- バクテリオファージが担体に結合している請求項1〜16のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- ヒトまたは動物における疾病の予防及び/または治療で使用される請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載の処方物。
- バクテリオファージ粒子の使用であって、前記ファージ粒子の表面は、特定の細胞タイプ表面のレセプターにより標的とされる外来ペプチド/タンパク質を含むようには修飾されておらず、バクテリオファージ粒子は真核生物プロモーターで制御される外来の核酸分子を含み、その生物において発現された外来ポリペプチドに対し免疫応答を引き起こす薬剤を製造するための使用。
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US20070207167A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-09-06 | Merril Carl R | Immunologically enhanced recombinant vaccines |
JP2007204415A (ja) * | 2006-02-01 | 2007-08-16 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | ファージ頭殻提示腸管免疫誘導型ワクチン |
GB0808780D0 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2008-06-18 | Big Dna Ltd | Fish vaccines |
WO2011045573A2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | University Court Of The University Of Edinburgh | Staphylococcal antigens |
WO2011080505A2 (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-07 | Bigdna Ltd | Method of growing phage for commercial use |
GB201112587D0 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-09-07 | Moredun Res Inst | Vaccine |
CA2907234A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Altria Client Services Llc | Bacteriophage and methods of making and using |
US10357056B2 (en) | 2015-01-29 | 2019-07-23 | Altria Client Services Llc | Endolysin from bacteriophage against Geobacillus and methods of using |
US9781929B2 (en) | 2015-01-29 | 2017-10-10 | Altria Client Services Llc | Bacteriophage and methods of using |
US10676723B2 (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2020-06-09 | David Gordon Bermudes | Chimeric protein toxins for expression by therapeutic bacteria |
GB201600075D0 (en) * | 2016-01-03 | 2016-02-17 | Glaxosmithkline Biolog Sa | Immunogenci composition |
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EP1370284B1 (en) | 2010-06-02 |
US7128916B2 (en) | 2006-10-31 |
ATE469655T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
PT1370284E (pt) | 2010-08-03 |
WO2002076498A2 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
EP1370284A2 (en) | 2003-12-17 |
CA2441601A1 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
WO2002076498A3 (en) | 2003-08-14 |
US20040121974A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
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