JP4647469B2 - Operation method of air conditioning equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation method for an air conditioner, and more particularly to an operation method for an air conditioner that circulates and supplies cold water from a central heat source (for example, a refrigerator) to a plurality of air conditioners in parallel.

  The cooling load on the building is affected by outside temperature, outside humidity, solar radiation, date, day of the week, time of day, building usage, occupancy in the room, intake air volume, air conditioning system, automatic control system, etc. It is not easy to accurately predict the load pattern and set the optimum cold water temperature. There is no choice but to empirically select from past driving records and data such as weather forecasts such as outside temperature solar radiation.

  And in order to accurately predict the daily load pattern, it is necessary to measure, measure, calculate data such as temperature, water volume, air volume, pressure, etc., accumulate measurement data, and develop calculation software. In addition to the automatic control device, it is necessary to install a device for measuring and measuring the state quantities of each part, which requires equipment costs and investment in development of calculation software.

In JP-A-2003-28488 (Patent Document 1), in an air conditioning facility that circulates and supplies cold water from a central heat source unit to a plurality of air conditioners in parallel, a pump is provided in the parallel flow path, and the air conditioning load is adjusted. Thus, a method for controlling the rotation speed of the motor by an inverter is disclosed.
JP-A-2003-28488

  Although the method of Patent Document 1 is an excellent method, the overall system efficiency is not always sufficient only by controlling the motor rotation speed of the inverter, and the correlation with the cold water temperature from the central heat source machine should be taken into consideration. .

  Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is to set and change the chilled water temperature necessary and sufficient over time by simple measurement and calculation, to increase the coefficient of performance of the central heat source machine, the total of the central heat source machine power and the cold water conveyance power The purpose is to reduce power consumption. Therefore, it is to provide an extremely excellent energy saving method.

ここに、
Ｒ _1k ：経時期間ｋにおける空調全負荷率
Ｑ _0i 、Ｑ _0j ：個別ポンプｉ、ｊの設計水量
Ｈ _zki ：個別ポンプｉの経時期間ｋにおけるインバータ出力
Ｈ _z0i ：個別ポンプｉの定格出力 The present invention that has solved the above problems is as follows.
<Invention of Claim 1>
An air conditioner that circulates and supplies cold water from a central heat source unit to a plurality of air conditioners in parallel.
Provide a pump for passing cold water through the parallel flow path of each air conditioner,
Based on the signal of the air conditioning load detection means in the target air conditioning region, a motor for controlling the flow rate of cold water passing through the individual air conditioner by inverter control is attached to the corresponding pump,
Every time, the output of the inverter is taken into the arithmetic unit, and the air conditioning total load ratio R _1k of the entire air conditioner group is obtained by the following equation (A).
(1) Predicting the air conditioning total load ratio R _1k in the next aging period using the air conditioning load change rate of the aging period in one day set in advance,
(2) The temperature of the cold water is set based on the predicted air conditioning total load factor R _1k , and the central heat source unit is operated so that the temperature is set,
(3) During the next aging period, when the maximum value of the output of each individual inverter reaches the upper limit value, the chilled water temperature from the central heat source unit is lowered, and when the maximum value reaches the lower limit value, the chilled water temperature from the central heat source unit Drive to raise
The above (1) to (3) are performed every time period.
A method of operating an air conditioner characterized by that.

here,
R _1k : Air-conditioning total load factor over time period k
Q _0i , Q _0j : Design water volume of individual pumps i and j
H _zki : Inverter output of individual pump i over time period k
H _z0i : Rated output of individual pump i

(Function and effect)
In the present invention, not only the power consumption is reduced by controlling the flow rate of the power of the individual pumps, but also the temperature of the cold water from the central heat source machine is changed over time. When the central heat source machine is a refrigerator, the required refrigerator power decreases at a large rate if the cold water temperature is raised. On the other hand, the power of the individual pumps increases as the cold water temperature increases. However, it has been found that the amount of decrease in the chiller power is smaller than the increase in the total power of the individual pump, and therefore the sum of the total power of the individual pump and the chiller power is the chilled water temperature. Decreases with increasing. As a result, greater energy savings can be achieved.

ここに、
Ｒ _2k ：経時期間ｋにおける空調全負荷率
Ｑ _0i 、Ｑ _0j ：個別ポンプｉ、ｊの設計水量
Ｖ _rki ：個別空調機 ｉの経時期間 ｋ における自動制御弁開度 <Invention of Claim 2>
An air conditioner that circulates and supplies cold water from a central heat source unit to a plurality of air conditioners in parallel.
Provide a pump for passing cold water through the parallel flow path of each air conditioner,
Based on the signal of the air conditioning load detection means in the target air conditioning region, a flow rate adjusting automatic valve that controls the flow rate of cold water passing through the individual air conditioner by the valve opening degree is provided,
As time passes, the opening signal of each flow rate adjusting automatic valve is taken into the arithmetic unit, and the air conditioning total load ratio R _2k of the entire air conditioner group is obtained by the following equation (B).
(1) Predicting the air conditioning total load ratio R _2k in the next aging period using the air conditioning load change rate of the aging period in one day set in advance ,
(2) The temperature of the cold water is set based on the predicted air conditioning total load factor R _2k , and the central heat source machine is operated so that the temperature is set,
(3) Within the next aging period, when the maximum value of the opening signal of the individual automatic valve reaches the upper limit value, the chilled water temperature from the central heat source device is lowered, and when the lower limit value is reached, the central heat source device To raise the cold water temperature of the
The above (1) to (3) are performed every time period.
A method of operating an air conditioner characterized by that.

here,
R _2k : Total load factor of air conditioning over time period k
Q _0i , Q _0j : Design water volume of individual pumps i and j
V _rki : Automatic control valve opening of individual air conditioner i over time period k

(Function and effect)
Even in the method of providing a flow rate adjusting automatic valve that controls the flow rate of cold water passing through the individual air conditioner according to the invention of the second aspect by the valve opening, greater energy saving can be achieved by the same principle as the first aspect.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the coefficient of performance of a central heat source machine can be raised, and reduction of the total consumption power of a central heat source machine power and cold water conveyance power can be aimed at. This effect is also apparent from the graph of FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
<First Embodiment: Claim 1>
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment according to the first invention. A large number of air conditioners AHU-1 to AHU-N are provided in a building, and a central heat source machine 1 (for example, a refrigerator or a heat pump is used). In the following description, the case of a “refrigerator” will be described.) 1 is configured to circulate and supply cold water in parallel.

  That is, cold water from the refrigerator 1 passes through the forward line 3 via the forward header 2A and branches to the branch lines 41 to 4N, and the return of the cold water from the branch lines 41 to 4N passes through the return line 5. The configuration returns to the refrigerator 1 via the return header 2B.

  The refrigerator 1 is provided with a bypass pipe 2C, and is configured to return cold water from the forward header 2A to the return header 2B by a pump 2D when necessary. An inverter controller INVr is attached to the pump 2D.

On the other hand, pumps P _{1 to} P _n for passing cold water through parallel (branch) flow paths 41 to 4N of the air conditioners AHU-1 to AHU-N are provided. In the illustrated example, the pumps P _{1 to} P _n are provided on the inlet side of the air conditioners AHU- _{1 to} AHU-N, but may be provided on the outlet side.

The pumps P _{1 to} P _n are provided with motors (not shown) whose rotational speed is controlled by inverter controllers INV _{1 to} INV _n .

On the other hand, in the air conditioning area of interest of each of the air conditioners AHU-1~AHU-N, the air-conditioning load detecting means S ₁ to S _n, e.g. the conditioned air temperature detector is provided, and the signal of the temperature, the target temperature The pumps P _{1 to} P _n are configured to operate at a necessary number of revolutions by a control signal from the inverter controllers INV _{1 to} INV _n according to the temperature difference between them.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a cold water return temperature detector provided in the return pipe 5. The temperature signal is taken into the arithmetic unit 10. Further, output (frequency) signals from the inverter controllers INV _{1 to} INV _n are also taken into the arithmetic unit 10.

  The arithmetic device 10 performs the following calculation and gives a control signal to the refrigerator 1 and the inverter controller INVr of the pump 2D. The refrigerator 1 increases or decreases the chilled water temperature in response to the control signal. At that time, a control signal is given to the refrigerator 1 based on the current cold water return temperature from the cold water return temperature detector 6.

  An example of the output form of calculation and control signals in the arithmetic device 10 will be described with reference to other drawings.

  First, at the start of operation, the operation is started at the rated cold water temperature (for example, 7 ° C.) or a provisional temporary predicted value (temporary cold water temperature) (step S1).

Each time, for example, the time from 7 o'clock to 20 o'clock that requires one day of cooling, the output signals from the inverter controllers INV _{1 to} INV _n are respectively output from the inverter controllers INV _{1 to} INV _{n on the} basis of an hour unit. Into. Based on this, the air-conditioning total load factor of the whole air conditioner group is calculated | required by said (A) formula (S2).

And based on factors such as past outside air temperature, outside air humidity, solar radiation, date, day of the week, time, building usage status, occupancy in the room, intake outside air volume, etc., the cooling load change of the entire building is simulated, for example, The cooling load change of Table 1 and FIG. 2 is calculated | required. At that time, an air conditioning load change rate (in this case, a cooling load change rate ) shown in Table 2 is obtained from the cooling load change .

Then, the following operation is performed based on the air conditioning total load factor of the entire air conditioner group at a certain time (in this case, the cooling total load factor).
(1) With respect to the air conditioning total load rate in the previous time period, the air conditioning total load rate in the next time period is predicted according to the preset air conditioning load change rate in the time period in one day (S3). For example, when the total air-conditioning load rate at 10 o'clock is 84 kcal / hr · m ² , it is necessary to multiply the air-conditioning load change rate of “1.07” in the time period from 11:00 to 12:00. The total load factor of the air conditioning during the time period from 11:00 to 12:00 is predicted to be 89 kcal / hr · m ² .
(2) The temperature of cold water is set based on the air-conditioning total load factor predicted as described above, and the refrigerator 1 is operated so as to be the temperature setting. For example, as shown in Table 3, the set value of the optimum chilled water temperature corresponding to the cooling total load factor is determined (S4), and the refrigerator 1 is operated so as to obtain the optimum chilled water temperature corresponding to the cooling total load factor. (S5).
(3) If the maximum value of the outputs of the individual inverters INV _{1 to} INV _n reaches an upper limit value, for example, 100% within the next time-lapse period (for example, 11:00 to 12:00) (S6), the refrigerator 1 When the temperature of the chilled water is lowered by 1 ° C., for example, and reaches the lower limit, for example, 80% (S7), the operation is performed to raise the temperature of the chilled water from the refrigerator 1 by 1 ° C., for example.
The above (1) to (3) are performed for a time period (for example, in units of one hour) (S8 and S9).

Here, since it is not desirable that the temperature of the cold water set once (optimum cold water temperature) is hunted, for example, it is desirable not to correct the cold water temperature set value during a period of 20 to 30 minutes.
By performing such operation, significant energy saving can be achieved.

  That is, FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the cold water supply temperature set value, the required power of the refrigerator pump, and the required power of the individual pump. The horizontal axis shows the chilled water feed temperature set value, and the vertical axis shows the required power of the refrigerator pump and the required power of the individual pumps. Since the curve indicating the required power of the refrigerator and the curve indicating the required power of the individual pump do not intersect, the curve indicating the total required power of the refrigerator pump is a monotonically decreasing curve when the chilled water feed temperature setting value is the highest. It shows that the total required power of the refrigerator pump is minimized.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, significant energy saving can be achieved by sequentially correcting the cold water supply temperature set value.

<Second Embodiment: Claim 2>
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment according to the second invention. The main difference is that automatic flow rate adjusting valves V _{1 to} V _n that control the flow rate of cold water passing through the individual air conditioner based on the valve opening based on the signal of the air conditioning load detection means in the target air conditioning region are provided. is there.

The bypass line 2C of the refrigerating machine 1 is provided with flow rate adjusting automatic valve V _r, during necessary, is configured to return the header 2B changing the cold water from the forward header 2A.

On the other hand, flow rate adjusting automatic valves V _{1 to} V _n for passing cold water through parallel (branch) flow paths 41 to 4N of the air conditioners AHU-1 to AHU-N are provided. In the illustrated example, the flow rate adjusting automatic valves V _{1 to} V _n are provided on the inlet side of the air conditioners AHU- _{1 to} AHU-N, but may be provided on the outlet side.

The flow rate adjusting automatic valves V _{1 to} V _n control the flow rate of the cold water passing through the individual air conditioner based on the valve opening based on the signal of the air conditioning load detecting means in the target air conditioning region.

  The refrigerator 1 is provided with a primary chilled water pump 21, and a secondary chilled water pump 22 is provided on the outlet side of the forward header 2A.

The valve opening signals from the flow rate adjusting automatic valves V _{1 to} V _n are taken into the arithmetic unit 10.

The arithmetic unit 10 performs calculation of the following reporting, gives a control signal to the refrigerator 1 and a flow regulating automatic valves V ₁ ~V _n and the flow rate adjusting automatic valves V _r. The refrigerator 1 increases or decreases the chilled water temperature in response to the control signal. At that time, a control signal is given to the refrigerator 1 based on the current cold water return temperature from the cold water return temperature detector 6.

That is, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, every time, for example, the time from 7 o'clock to 20 o'clock that requires one day of cooling is determined from the inverter controllers INV _{1 to} INV _n on the basis of an hour unit. Each output signal is taken into the arithmetic unit 10. Based on this, the air-conditioning total load factor of the whole air conditioner group is calculated | required by said (B) Formula.

  Here, at the start of the operation, the operation is started at the rated cold water temperature (for example, 7 ° C.) or a provisional provisional predicted value.

  Then, based on factors such as past outside air temperature, outside air humidity, solar radiation, date, day of the week, time of day, building usage status, occupancy in the room, intake air volume, etc., the cooling load change of the entire building is simulated. And the cooling load change of FIG. 2 is calculated | required. At that time, the change rate of the air conditioning load shown in Table 2 (for example, in units of one hour) shown in Table 2 is obtained from the cooling load change.

And the following operation | movement is performed based on the air-conditioning total load factor of the whole air conditioner group in a certain time.
(1) The air-conditioning total load rate in the next time period is predicted according to the air-conditioning load change rate of the time-dependent period in one day set in advance with respect to the air-conditioning total load rate in the previous time-lapse period. For example, when the total air-conditioning load rate at 10 o'clock is 84 kcal / hr · m ² , it is necessary to multiply the air-conditioning load change rate of “1.07” in the time period from 11:00 to 12:00. The total air-conditioning load factor in the time period from 11:00 to 12:00 is 89 kcal / hr · m ² .
(2) The temperature of cold water is set based on the air-conditioning total load factor predicted as described above, and the refrigerator 1 is operated so as to be the temperature setting. For example, as shown in Table 3, a set value of the optimum chilled water temperature corresponding to the cooling total load factor is determined, and the refrigerator 1 is operated so as to obtain the optimum chilled water temperature corresponding to the cooling total load factor.
(3) If the maximum value of the outputs of the individual inverters INV _{1 to} INV _n reaches an upper limit value, for example, 100% within the next time period (for example, 11:00 to 12:00), the chilled water from the refrigerator 1 For example, when the temperature is lowered by 1 ° C. and reaches a lower limit value, for example, 80%, the temperature of the chilled water from the refrigerator 1 is increased by 1 ° C., for example.
The above (1) to (3) are performed in a time period (for example, in units of one hour).

Even in this case, it is not desirable that the temperature of the chilled water that has been set (optimum chilled water temperature) is hunted. Therefore, for example, it is desirable not to correct the chilled water temperature setting value during a period of 20 to 30 minutes.
By performing such operation, significant energy saving can be achieved.

  In addition, when air conditioning is performed in winter using a heat pump, it is clear that the idea of the present invention can be used as it is, with the hot water temperature being changed upside down in the case of summer cooling.

It is a system configuration figure in a 1st embodiment. It is a time-dependent change graph of a cooling load. It is an operation | movement flowchart in 1st Embodiment. It is a correlation graph of cold-water supply temperature and consumption power. It is a system configuration figure in a 2nd embodiment. It is an operation | movement flowchart in 2nd Embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Central heat source machine (refrigerator), 2A ... Out header, 2B ... Return header, 3 ... Out pipe 3, 41-4N ... Branch pipe, 5 ... Return pipe, 6 ... Cold water return temperature detector, 10 ... arithmetic unit, 21 ... primary chilled water pumps, 22 ... secondary chilled water pumps, AHU-1~AHU-n ... air conditioner, P ₁ to P _n ... pump, INV ₁ INV _n ... inverter controller, V ₁ ~ V _n ... Automatic flow adjustment valve.

Claims (2)

An air conditioner that circulates and supplies cold water from a central heat source unit to a plurality of air conditioners in parallel.
Provide a pump for passing cold water through the parallel flow path of each air conditioner,
Based on the signal of the air conditioning load detection means in the target air conditioning region, a motor for controlling the flow rate of cold water passing through the individual air conditioner by inverter control is attached to the corresponding pump,
Every time, the output of the inverter is taken into the arithmetic unit, and the air conditioning total load ratio R _1k of the entire air conditioner group is obtained by the following equation (A).
(1) Predicting the air conditioning total load ratio R _1k in the next aging period using the air conditioning load change rate of the aging period in one day set in advance,
(2) The temperature of the cold water is set based on the predicted air conditioning total load factor R _1k , and the central heat source unit is operated so that the temperature is set,
(3) During the next aging period, when the maximum value of the output of each individual inverter reaches the upper limit, the chilled water temperature from the central heat source unit is lowered, and when the maximum value reaches the lower limit, the chilled water temperature from the central heat source unit Drive to raise
The above (1) to (3) are performed every time period.
A method of operating an air conditioner characterized by the above.

here,
R _1k : Air-conditioning total load factor over time period k
Q _0i , Q _0j : Design water volume of individual pumps i and j
H _zki : Inverter output of individual pump i over time period k
H _z0i : Rated output of individual pump i An air conditioner that circulates and supplies cold water from a central heat source unit to a plurality of air conditioners in parallel.
Provide a pump for passing cold water through the parallel flow path of each air conditioner,
Based on the signal of the air conditioning load detection means in the target air conditioning region, a flow rate adjusting automatic valve that controls the flow rate of cold water passing through the individual air conditioner by the valve opening degree is provided,
As time passes, the opening signal of each flow rate adjusting automatic valve is taken into the arithmetic unit, and the air conditioning total load ratio R _2k of the entire air conditioner group is obtained by the following equation (B).
(1) Predicting the air conditioning total load ratio R _2k in the next aging period using the air conditioning load change rate of the aging period in one day set in advance ,
(2) The temperature of the cold water is set based on the predicted air conditioning total load factor R _2k , and the central heat source machine is operated so that the temperature is set,
(3) Within the next aging period, when the maximum value of the opening signal of the individual automatic valve reaches the upper limit value, the chilled water temperature from the central heat source device is lowered, and when the lower limit value is reached, the central heat source device To raise the cold water temperature of the
The above (1) to (3) are performed every time period.
A method of operating an air conditioner characterized by that.

here,
R _2k : Total load factor of air conditioning over time period k
Q _0i , Q _0j : Design water volume of individual pumps i and j
V _rki : Automatic control valve opening of individual air conditioner i over time period k

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