JP4631429B2 - Dissimilar materials joining method - Google Patents

Dissimilar materials joining method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4631429B2
JP4631429B2 JP2004373414A JP2004373414A JP4631429B2 JP 4631429 B2 JP4631429 B2 JP 4631429B2 JP 2004373414 A JP2004373414 A JP 2004373414A JP 2004373414 A JP2004373414 A JP 2004373414A JP 4631429 B2 JP4631429 B2 JP 4631429B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
materials
joining
aluminum alloy
steel sheet
galvanized steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2004373414A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2006175504A (en
Inventor
健二 宮本
成幸 中川
実 粕川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP2004373414A priority Critical patent/JP4631429B2/en
Publication of JP2006175504A publication Critical patent/JP2006175504A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4631429B2 publication Critical patent/JP4631429B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Description

本発明は、異なる２種類の材料を重ね合わせて接合するのに用いられる異種材料の接合方法に係わり、特に、重ね合わせた材料を貫通する方向に沿って配置した加工プローブを回転させながら、いずれかの材料側に接触させることで撹拌領域を生じさせて行う接合、いわゆる、摩擦撹拌接合を用いた異種材料の接合方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a bonding method of different kinds of materials used to overlap and bond two different kinds of materials, and in particular, while rotating a processing probe arranged along a direction penetrating the stacked materials, The present invention relates to a joining method of different kinds of materials using a so-called friction stir welding, which is performed by bringing a stirring region into contact with the material side.

異なる２種類の材料、例えば、アルミニウム合金と鋼とを接合する場合、両方の材料を溶融させてしまうと、接合界面に高硬度で脆弱なＦｅ２Ａｌ５やＦｅＡｌ３などの金属間化合物が生成されてしまい、十分な継手強度を得ることができないばかりか、アルミニウム合金表面に形成された緻密で強固な酸化皮膜を除去するために、入熱量をより増加させてしまうと、金属間化合物の厚みが増して継手強度が逆に低下してしまう。 When joining two different types of materials, for example, an aluminum alloy and steel, if both materials are melted, an intermetallic compound such as Fe 2 Al 5 or FeAl 3 that is hard and brittle is formed at the joint interface. If the heat input is further increased to remove the dense and strong oxide film formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy, the thickness of the intermetallic compound is increased. Will increase and the joint strength will decrease.

また、アルミニウム合金と鋼とを接合する場合において、ボルトやリベット等による機械的接合方法を用いると、重量やコストが増加するといった不具合があり、これとは別の接合方法として、摩擦圧接方法を用いると、対称性のよい回転体同士の接合に用途が限られ、爆着や熱間圧延方法を用いると、設備面や能率面の問題があった。   In addition, when joining an aluminum alloy and steel, using a mechanical joining method such as bolts or rivets, there is a problem that the weight and cost increase. As another joining method, a friction welding method is used. If it is used, the application is limited to the joining of rotating bodies having good symmetry, and there has been a problem in terms of equipment and efficiency when using an explosion or hot rolling method.

従来において、上記した不具合を解消すべく成された異種材料の接合方法としては、例えば、特許文献１に記載されたものや、特許文献２に記載されたものがある。   Conventionally, as a joining method of different materials to solve the above-described problems, there are, for example, those described in Patent Document 1 and those described in Patent Document 2.

前者の接合方法では、異種材料同士の間に、これら２種類の材料と同じ材料からなるクラッド材をそれぞれ同じ種類の材料同士が接するようにして挟み込み、通電時間１０ｍｓ以下で抵抗溶接を行うようにしている。   In the former joining method, a clad material made of the same material as these two kinds of materials is sandwiched between different kinds of materials so that the same kind of materials are in contact with each other, and resistance welding is performed with an energization time of 10 ms or less. ing.

一方、後者の接合方法では、アルミニウムと鋼との抵抗溶接において、アルミニウムと接する鋼の表面に、アルミニウム量が２０ｗｔ％以上のアルミニウム合金又は純アルミニウムを膜厚２μｍ以上でめっきし、そのめっき層をアルミニウムに重ねて通電して、鋼母材をほとんど溶融させることなくめっき層を優先的に溶融させて溶接を行うようにしている。
特開平４−１２７９７３号 特開平６−３９５５８号 On the other hand, in the latter joining method, in resistance welding between aluminum and steel, the surface of the steel in contact with aluminum is plated with an aluminum alloy or pure aluminum having an aluminum amount of 20 wt% or more with a film thickness of 2 μm or more, and the plating layer is formed. Electricity is superposed on aluminum, and the plating layer is preferentially melted and welded without substantially melting the steel base material.
JP-A-4-127773 JP-A-6-39558

ところが、クラッド材を導入した前者の接合方法において、実際の施工の状況を考えると、クラッド材の挿入工程及び固定工程が必要となり、現状の溶接ラインに新たな設備を組み入れなければならない。加えて、例えば、アルミニウムと鋼との接合の場合、クラッド材自体もアルミニウムと鋼とを接合して製造しなくてはならないことから、製造条件が厳しく、安価で性能の安定した製品を入手することが困難であるという問題があった。   However, in the former joining method in which the clad material is introduced, considering the actual construction situation, an insertion process and a fixing process of the clad material are required, and new equipment must be incorporated into the current welding line. In addition, for example, in the case of joining aluminum and steel, the clad material itself must be produced by joining aluminum and steel, so a product with strict manufacturing conditions, low cost and stable performance is obtained. There was a problem that it was difficult.

一方、アルミニウムと鋼とを抵抗溶接する後者の接合方法では、アルミニウム合金又は純アルミニウムのめっき層とアルミニウムとを接合する際の入熱によって、アルミニウム合金又は純アルミニウムのめっき層と鋼との界面に脆い金属間化合物が生成されてしまい、この部分から破壊が生じる可能性があるという問題を有しており、これらの問題を解決することが従来の課題となっていた。   On the other hand, in the latter joining method in which aluminum and steel are resistance-welded, heat input when joining an aluminum alloy or pure aluminum plating layer and aluminum causes an interface between the aluminum alloy or pure aluminum plating layer and steel. A brittle intermetallic compound is generated, and there is a problem that breakage may occur from this portion, and it has been a conventional problem to solve these problems.

本発明は、上記した従来の課題に着目してなされたものであり、異なる２種類の材料を重ね合わせて接合するに際して、いずれかの材料の表面に酸化皮膜が形成されていたとしても、多くの熱量を投入することなく酸化皮膜を除去することができ、その結果、接合界面の金属間化合物の生成を少なく抑えて、継手強度の向上を実現することが可能である異種材料の接合方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-described conventional problems. When two different kinds of materials are overlapped and joined, even if an oxide film is formed on the surface of one of the materials, A method for joining dissimilar materials that can improve the strength of joints by reducing the formation of intermetallic compounds at the joint interface and removing the oxide film without applying a large amount of heat. It is intended to provide.

本発明は、第１の材料と、この第１の材料とは種類の異なる第２の材料とを重ね合わせて接合するに際して、重ね合わせた第１の材料及び第２の材料の間にこれらの２種類の材料とは異なる第３の材料を介在させ、重ね合わせた第１の材料及び第２の材料を貫通する方向に沿って配置した加工プローブを回転させつつ第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちのいずれか一方の材料側に接触させて塑性流動を生じさせ、これに伴って発生する熱により第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料と第３の材料との間の界面に共晶溶融を生じさせ、上記材料の表面酸化皮膜を除去して共晶溶融物と共に接合部分の周囲に排出し、第１の材料と第２の材料の新生面同士を接合するに際し、材料と接触する端面が平坦状を成す加工プローブを用いることを特徴としており、この異種材料の接合方法の構成を前述した従来の課題を解決するための手段としている。
In the present invention, when a first material and a second material of a different type from the first material are overlapped and bonded, the first material and the second material are overlapped with each other. A third material different from the two kinds of materials is interposed, and the first material and the second material are rotated while rotating the processing probe arranged along the direction penetrating the superimposed first material and second material. Either one of the materials is brought into contact with the material side to cause plastic flow, and heat generated thereby causes at least one of the first material and the second material to be in contact with the third material. Eutectic melting is caused at the interface with the material, the surface oxide film of the material is removed and discharged together with the eutectic melt around the joint portion, and the new surfaces of the first material and the second material are connected to each other. upon joining, machining Pro end surface in contact with the material forms a flat And characterized by using the blanking, and a means for solving the conventional problems described above the configuration of the joining method of the dissimilar materials.

本発明の異種材料の接合方法によれば、上記した構成としているので、異なる２種類の材料を重ね合わせて接合するに際して、いずれかの材料の表面に酸化皮膜が形成されていたとしても、低温状態で酸化皮膜を除去することができ、したがって、接合界面温度の制御が可能となって金属間化合物の生成を抑制することができ、その結果、異なる２種類の材料同士を強固に接合することが可能であるという非常に優れた効果がもたらされる。   According to the bonding method of different materials of the present invention, since it has the above-described configuration, even when two different kinds of materials are overlapped and bonded, even if an oxide film is formed on the surface of one of the materials, In this state, the oxide film can be removed, and therefore, the interface temperature can be controlled and the formation of intermetallic compounds can be suppressed. As a result, two different kinds of materials can be strongly bonded to each other. This is a very good effect that is possible.

加えて、本発明の異種材料の接合方法では、共晶溶融を利用していることから、加工プローブによる攪拌時の発熱によって共晶溶融が生じる程度まで加工プローブの先端を差し込むようにするだけでよく、したがって、加工プローブの長寿命化をも実現することが可能であるという非常に優れた効果がもたらされる。
そして、本発明の異種材料の接合方法においては、材料と接触する端面が平坦状を成す加工プローブを用いるようにしていることから、先端にピンを有する従来の加工プローブを用いた際に生じるピンの抜き穴が接合箇所に形成されないので、減肉による強度の低下を阻止し得ることとなる。さらに、この接合方法で接合した材料から成る製品の使用時において、上記ピンの抜き穴がない分だけ製品としての美観が保たれるうえ、接合部分に水分が溜まることによる腐食を回避し得ることとなる。
In addition, since the bonding method of dissimilar materials of the present invention uses eutectic melting, it is only necessary to insert the tip of the processing probe to the extent that eutectic melting occurs due to heat generated during stirring by the processing probe. Therefore, it is possible to achieve a very excellent effect that it is possible to extend the life of the processing probe.
In the bonding method of different materials according to the present invention, since a processing probe having a flat end surface in contact with the material is used, a pin generated when a conventional processing probe having a pin at the tip is used. Since no punched hole is formed at the joint, it is possible to prevent a decrease in strength due to the thinning. Furthermore, when using products made of materials joined by this joining method, the appearance of the product can be maintained as much as there is no pin hole, and corrosion due to accumulation of moisture at the joint can be avoided. It becomes.

本発明の異種材料の接合方法において、第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料にめっきされている材料を第３の材料とする構成を採用することができ、この場合には、第１の材料と第２の材料との間に第３の材料を挟み込む工程が省かれるので、その分だけ加工工数が減って作業効率が向上することとなる。   In the bonding method of different materials of the present invention, a configuration in which the material plated on at least one of the first material and the second material is the third material can be adopted. In this case, the step of sandwiching the third material between the first material and the second material is omitted, so that the number of processing steps is reduced and the working efficiency is improved.

この際、第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料を亜鉛めっき鋼板とし、この亜鉛めっき鋼板の亜鉛を第３の材料とする構成とすることができ、この場合には、新たにめっき処理を施すことなく、通常の防錆鋼板をそのまま使用することが可能である。   At this time, at least one of the first material and the second material may be a galvanized steel sheet, and the zinc of the galvanized steel sheet may be a third material. In this case, It is possible to use a normal rust-proof steel plate as it is without performing a new plating treatment.

また、本発明の異種材料の接合方法では、第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの高熱伝導材料側に加工プローブを接触させて塑性流動を生じさせ、この高熱伝導材料からの熱伝導により第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料と第３の材料との間の界面に共晶溶融を生じさせる構成とすることができ、この構成を採用すると、効率的に接合界面の温度を上昇させ得ることとなる。   Moreover, in the joining method of the dissimilar materials of this invention, a processing probe is made to contact the high heat conductive material side of the 1st material and the 2nd material, a plastic flow is produced, and the heat conduction from this high heat conductive material A configuration in which eutectic melting is caused at the interface between at least one of the first material and the second material and the third material can be achieved. In addition, the temperature at the bonding interface can be increased.

さらにまた、本発明の異種材料の接合方法において、第１の材料と第２の材料とを点接合する構成を採用することができ、この場合には、設備改造を伴う大規模な固定治具を必要とすることなく、従来の自動車車体のスポット溶接に代わる接合手段として採用し得ることとなる。   Furthermore, in the joining method of different materials of the present invention, a configuration in which the first material and the second material are spot-joined can be adopted, and in this case, a large-scale fixing jig accompanied by equipment modification Therefore, it can be employed as a joining means in place of spot welding of a conventional automobile body.

以下、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example.

この実施例では、亜鉛めっき鋼板（第１の材料）と高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金（第２の材料）との接合を行うに際して、第３の材料として亜鉛めっき鋼板の亜鉛層を用い、図４のＡｌ−Ｚｎ２元系状態図における共晶点Ｐを利用して、アルミニウム合金と亜鉛との共晶反応を生じさせて接合させ、図２に示すせん断引張試験片１０を得た。   In this embodiment, when the galvanized steel sheet (first material) and the aluminum alloy (second material), which is a high thermal conductivity material, are joined, the zinc layer of the galvanized steel sheet is used as the third material. Using the eutectic point P in the Al-Zn binary system phase diagram of No. 4, the eutectic reaction between the aluminum alloy and zinc was caused to join, and the shear tensile test piece 10 shown in FIG. 2 was obtained.

すなわち、図２に示すように、２０ｍｍ×７５ｍｍ角の大きさに切断した板厚が０．５５ｍｍの亜鉛めっき鋼板１と、これと同じく２０ｍｍ×７５ｍｍ角の大きさに切断した板厚が１．０ｍｍの高熱伝導材料としての６０００系アルミニウム合金２とを重ね寸法２０ｍｍ幅で重ね合わせて、図１に示すように、アルミニウム合金２が図示上側になるようにして重なり部分を支持治具１０上に固定した後、これらの重ね合わせた亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を貫通する方向に沿って配置した加工プローブ３を回転させながら、高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金２側に接触させた。   That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a galvanized steel sheet 1 having a thickness of 0.55 mm cut to a size of 20 mm × 75 mm square and a plate thickness cut to a size of 20 mm × 75 mm square similarly to this is 1. A 6000 series aluminum alloy 2 as a high heat conductive material of 0 mm is overlapped with a width of 20 mm, and the overlapping portion is placed on the support jig 10 so that the aluminum alloy 2 is on the upper side as shown in FIG. After fixing, the processing probe 3 arranged along the direction penetrating the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 that were overlapped with each other was rotated and brought into contact with the aluminum alloy 2 side, which is a high heat conductive material.

この際、加工プローブ３の材料と接触する端面３ａは平坦状を成しており、この加工プローブ３の端面３ａをアルミニウム合金２側に接触させて塑性流動を生じさせ、これに伴って発生する熱により、亜鉛めっき鋼板１の鋼板４及びアルミニウム合金２の両材料と、亜鉛めっき鋼板の亜鉛層５との間の界面に共晶溶融を生じさせて、亜鉛めっき鋼板１とアルミニウム合金２との各新生面同士を点接合する。   At this time, the end surface 3a in contact with the material of the processing probe 3 has a flat shape, and the end surface 3a of the processing probe 3 is brought into contact with the aluminum alloy 2 side to cause plastic flow. Due to heat, eutectic melting is caused at the interface between both the material of the steel sheet 4 and the aluminum alloy 2 of the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the zinc layer 5 of the galvanized steel sheet, and the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 Point-join each new surface.

次に、図３を用いて接合過程における接合界面の状態の変化を説明する。   Next, changes in the state of the bonding interface in the bonding process will be described with reference to FIG.

対向させた亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を重ね合わせ、この状態で、加工プローブ３を回転させながら、その平坦状を成す端面３ａを高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金２側に接触させる。（図３（ａ），（ｂ））   The galvanized steel plate 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 which are opposed to each other are overlapped, and in this state, the flat end face 3a is brought into contact with the aluminum alloy 2 which is a high heat conductive material while the machining probe 3 is rotated. (Fig. 3 (a), (b))

これにより、アルミニウム合金２側に塑性流動領域７が生じ、これに伴って発生する熱により、亜鉛めっき鋼板１の鋼板４及びアルミニウム合金２の両材料と、亜鉛めっき鋼板の亜鉛層５との間の界面に共晶溶融８が生じる。（図３（ｃ））   As a result, a plastic flow region 7 is generated on the aluminum alloy 2 side, and heat generated therewith causes a gap between both the steel plate 4 of the galvanized steel plate 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 and the zinc layer 5 of the galvanized steel plate. Eutectic melt 8 occurs at the interface. (Fig. 3 (c))

この状態で、加工プローブ３をアルミニウム合金２にさらに押し付けると、共晶溶融８とともにアルミニウム合金２の表面の酸化皮膜９及び接合界面の不純物が接合部分の周囲に排出される。（図３（ｄ））   When the processing probe 3 is further pressed against the aluminum alloy 2 in this state, the eutectic melt 8 and the oxide film 9 on the surface of the aluminum alloy 2 and impurities at the bonding interface are discharged around the bonding portion. (Fig. 3 (d))

そして、酸化皮膜９及び接合界面の不純物が接合部分の周囲に排出されたのを待って、加工プローブ３をアルミニウム合金２から遠ざけると、亜鉛めっき鋼板１とアルミニウム合金２との各新生面同士が点接合される。（図３（ｅ））   Then, after waiting for the oxide film 9 and impurities at the bonding interface to be discharged to the periphery of the bonded portion, when the processing probe 3 is moved away from the aluminum alloy 2, the new surfaces of the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 are pointed to each other. Be joined. (Fig. 3 (e))

上記した異種材料の接合方法では、亜鉛めっき鋼板１と高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金２との接合を行うに際して、亜鉛めっき鋼板１の鋼板４及びアルミニウム合金２の双方の材料と、亜鉛めっき鋼板１の亜鉛層５との共晶反応を生じさせて接合するようにしているので、アルミニウム合金２の表面の酸化皮膜９を低温状態で除去し得ることとなる。   In the joining method of the different materials described above, when joining the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 which is a high thermal conductivity material, both the steel sheet 4 of the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 and the galvanized steel sheet 1 are used. Since the eutectic reaction with the zinc layer 5 is caused to join, the oxide film 9 on the surface of the aluminum alloy 2 can be removed at a low temperature.

したがって、接合界面温度を制御し得ることから、金属間化合物の生成を抑制して、亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を強固に接合させ得ることとなる。   Accordingly, since the bonding interface temperature can be controlled, the formation of intermetallic compounds can be suppressed, and the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 can be firmly bonded.

加えて、上記した異種材料の接合方法では、共晶溶融８を利用していることから、加工プローブ３による攪拌時の発熱によって共晶溶融８が生じる程度まで加工プローブ３の先端を差し込むようにするだけでよく、したがって、加工プローブ３の長寿命化も図られることとなる。   In addition, since the eutectic melt 8 is used in the above-described dissimilar material joining method, the tip of the processing probe 3 is inserted to the extent that the eutectic melt 8 is generated by the heat generated during stirring by the processing probe 3. Therefore, the life of the processing probe 3 can be extended.

また、上記した異種材料の接合方法では、亜鉛めっき鋼板１にめっきされている亜鉛層５を第３の材料としているので、例えば、鋼板とアルミニウム合金との間に第３の材料を挟み込むといった工程が省かれることとなり、その分だけ加工工数が減って作業効率が向上することとなるうえ、新たにめっき処理を施すことなく、通常の防錆鋼板をそのまま用い得ることとなる。   Moreover, in the above-mentioned joining method of different materials, since the zinc layer 5 plated on the galvanized steel sheet 1 is the third material, for example, a process of sandwiching the third material between the steel sheet and the aluminum alloy. As a result, the number of processing steps is reduced and the working efficiency is improved, and a normal rust-proof steel sheet can be used as it is without performing a new plating process.

さらに、上記した異種材料の接合方法では、高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金２側に加工プローブ３を接触させて塑性流動領域７を生じさせるようにしているので、効率的に接合界面の温度を上昇させ得ることとなる。   Further, in the above-described joining method of different materials, the processing probe 3 is brought into contact with the aluminum alloy 2 which is a high thermal conductivity material to generate the plastic flow region 7, so that the temperature of the joining interface is efficiently increased. It will be possible.

さらにまた、上記異種材料の接合方法において、加工プローブ３の材料と接触する端面３ａを平坦状としているので、先端にピンを有する従来の加工プローブを用いた際に生じるピンの抜き穴が接合箇所に形成されないので、減肉による強度の低下を阻止し得ることとなるのに加えて、この接合方法で接合した材料から成る製品の使用時において、上記ピンの抜き穴がない分だけ製品としての美観が保たれるうえ、接合部分に水分が溜まることによる腐食を回避し得ることとなる。   Furthermore, in the joining method of different materials, since the end surface 3a that contacts the material of the processing probe 3 is made flat, a pin hole generated when a conventional processing probe having a pin at the tip is used. In addition to being able to prevent a decrease in strength due to thinning, when using a product made of a material joined by this joining method, the product as much as there is no pin hole in the pin is used. In addition to maintaining the beauty, corrosion due to accumulation of moisture at the joint can be avoided.

次に、本発明の異種材料の接合方法の参考例として、材料と接触する端面の中心に湾曲状突起を有する加工プローブを用いる場合を説明する。
Next, as a reference example of the method for joining different materials of the present invention, a case where a processing probe having a curved projection at the center of an end surface in contact with the material will be described.

この参考例において、２０ｍｍ×７５ｍｍ角の大きさに切断した板厚が０．５５ｍｍの亜鉛めっき鋼板１と、これと同じく２０ｍｍ×７５ｍｍ角の大きさに切断した板厚が２．５ｍｍの高熱伝導材料としての６０００系アルミニウム合金２とを重ね合わせ寸法２０ｍｍで重ね合わせて、アルミニウム合金２が上側になるようにして固定した後、これらの重ね合わせた亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を貫通する方向に沿って配置した加工プローブを回転させながら、高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金２側に接触させた（図１及び図２参照）。
In this reference example, a galvanized steel sheet 1 having a thickness of 0.55 mm cut to a size of 20 mm × 75 mm square and a high thermal conductivity of 2.5 mm having a thickness cut to a size of 20 mm × 75 mm square. The 6000 series aluminum alloy 2 as a material is overlapped with an overlap size of 20 mm, fixed so that the aluminum alloy 2 is on the upper side, and then penetrated through the overlapped galvanized steel sheet 1 and aluminum alloy 2 While rotating the processing probe arranged along the surface, it was brought into contact with the side of the aluminum alloy 2 which is a high thermal conductivity material (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

そこで、図５を用いて接合過程における接合界面の状態の変化を説明する。   Therefore, a change in the state of the bonding interface in the bonding process will be described with reference to FIG.

対向させた亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を重ね合わせ、この状態で、端面２３ａの中心に湾曲状突起２３ｂを有する加工プローブ２３を回転させながら、その湾曲状突起２３ｂを高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金２側に接触させる。（図５（ａ），（ｂ））   The galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 which are opposed to each other are superposed, and in this state, the processing probe 23 having the curved projection 23b at the center of the end face 23a is rotated, and the curved projection 23b is made of aluminum which is a high heat conductive material. Contact the alloy 2 side. (Fig. 5 (a), (b))

これにより、アルミニウム合金２側に塑性流動領域７が生じ、これに伴って発生する熱により、亜鉛めっき鋼板１の鋼板４及びアルミニウム合金２の両材料と、亜鉛めっき鋼板の亜鉛層５との間の界面に共晶溶融８が生じる。（図５（ｃ））   As a result, a plastic flow region 7 is generated on the aluminum alloy 2 side, and heat generated therewith causes a gap between both the steel plate 4 of the galvanized steel plate 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 and the zinc layer 5 of the galvanized steel plate. Eutectic melt 8 occurs at the interface. (Fig. 5 (c))

この状態で、加工プローブ２３をアルミニウム合金２にさらに押し付けると、共晶溶融８とともにアルミニウム合金２の表面の酸化皮膜９及び接合界面の不純物が接合部分の周囲に排出される。（図５（ｄ））   When the processing probe 23 is further pressed against the aluminum alloy 2 in this state, the eutectic melt 8 and the oxide film 9 on the surface of the aluminum alloy 2 and impurities at the bonding interface are discharged around the bonding portion. (Fig. 5 (d))

このとき、加工プローブ２３の端面２３ａの中心には湾曲状突起２３ｂが位置しているので、共晶液相の接合部分周囲への排出を促進し得ることとなる。   At this time, since the curved protrusion 23b is located at the center of the end face 23a of the processing probe 23, the discharge of the eutectic liquid phase around the joint portion can be promoted.

そして、酸化皮膜９及び接合界面の不純物が接合部分の周囲に排出されたのを待って、加工プローブ２３をアルミニウム合金２から遠ざけると、亜鉛めっき鋼板１とアルミニウム合金２との各新生面同士が点接合される。（図５（ｅ））   Then, after waiting for the oxide film 9 and impurities at the bonding interface to be discharged to the periphery of the bonding portion, when the processing probe 23 is moved away from the aluminum alloy 2, the new surfaces of the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 are pointed to each other. Be joined. (Fig. 5 (e))

上記した異種材料の接合方法においても、亜鉛めっき鋼板１と高熱伝導材料であるアルミニウム合金２との接合を行うに際して、亜鉛めっき鋼板１の鋼板４及びアルミニウム合金２の双方の材料と、亜鉛めっき鋼板１の亜鉛層５との共晶反応を生じさせて接合するようにしているので、アルミニウム合金２の表面の酸化皮膜９を低温状態で除去し得ることとなる。   Also in the joining method of different materials described above, when joining the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 which is a high thermal conductivity material, both the steel sheet 4 of the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 and the galvanized steel sheet Since the eutectic reaction with one zinc layer 5 is caused to join, the oxide film 9 on the surface of the aluminum alloy 2 can be removed at a low temperature.

したがって、接合界面温度を制御し得ることから、金属間化合物の生成を抑制して、亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を強固に接合させ得ることとなる。   Accordingly, since the bonding interface temperature can be controlled, the formation of intermetallic compounds can be suppressed, and the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 can be firmly bonded.

また、上記した異種材料の接合方法では、加工プローブ２３の材料と接触する端面２３ａの中心に湾曲状突起２３ｂを設けているので、この接合方法で接合した材料から成る製品の使用時において、ピンの抜き穴がほとんどない分だけ製品としての美観が保たれるうえ、接合部分に水分が溜まることによる腐食を回避し得ることとなる。   Further, in the above-described bonding method of different materials, the curved protrusion 23b is provided at the center of the end surface 23a that comes into contact with the material of the processing probe 23. Therefore, when the product made of the material bonded by this bonding method is used, The appearance of the product is maintained as much as there are almost no open holes, and corrosion due to accumulation of moisture at the joint can be avoided.

加えて、湾曲状突起２３ｂを有する加工プローブ２３を用いることで、この参考例のように、この加工プローブ２３を接触させるアルミニウム合金２の板厚が大きい場合であったとしても、界面への入熱を助長し得ることとなる。
In addition, by using the processing probe 23 having the curved projection 23b, even if the plate thickness of the aluminum alloy 2 with which the processing probe 23 is brought into contact is large as in this reference example, it is possible to enter the interface. Heat can be promoted.

上記した参考例では、いずれの場合も亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を点接合するようにしており、これらの接合方法は、設備改造を伴う大規模な固定治具を必要とすることなく、従来の自動車車体のスポット溶接に代わる接合手段として採用し得ることとなる。
In the above-described reference examples, the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 are spot-bonded in any case, and these joining methods do not require a large-scale fixing jig with equipment modification, It can be employed as a joining means in place of conventional spot welding of an automobile body.

なお、上記した加工プローブ３，２３を用いて、例えば、亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を線接合することも可能であり、この場合も、亜鉛めっき鋼板１及びアルミニウム合金２を強固に接合させ得ると共に、この接合方法で接合した材料から成る製品の使用時において、ピンの抜き穴がほとんどない分だけ製品としての美観が保たれるうえ、接合部分に水分が溜まることによる腐食を回避し得ることとなる。   Note that, for example, the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 can be wire-bonded using the processing probes 3 and 23. In this case, the galvanized steel sheet 1 and the aluminum alloy 2 are firmly bonded. In addition, when using products made of materials joined by this joining method, the appearance of the product can be maintained as much as there are almost no pin holes, and corrosion due to accumulation of moisture at the joint can be avoided. It will be.

本発明の異種材料の接合方法における一実施例を示す重ね合わせた異なる２種類の材料を密着させている状態の斜視説明図である。（実施例１）It is a perspective explanatory view in the state where two different kinds of superimposed materials are brought into close contact with each other, showing an embodiment of the bonding method of different materials of the present invention. Example 1 図１における重ね合わせた異なる２種類の材料を接合して得たせん断引張試験片の平面説明図（ａ）及び側面説明図（ｂ）である。（実施例１）It is the plane explanatory drawing (a) and side surface explanatory drawing (b) of the shearing tensile test piece obtained by joining two different types of overlapped materials in FIG. Example 1 図１に示す異種材料の接合過程における接合界面の状態の変化を説明する図（ａ）〜（ｅ）である。（実施例１）FIG. 2 is a diagram (a) to (e) for explaining a change in a state of a joining interface in a joining process of different materials shown in FIG. Example 1 Ａｌ−Ｚｎの２元系状態図である。It is a binary system phase diagram of Al-Zn. 参考例による異種材料の接合方法の接合過程における接合界面の状態の変化を説明する図（ａ）〜（ｅ）である。 It is figure (a)-(e) explaining the change of the state of the joining interface in the joining process of the joining method of the dissimilar material by a reference example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 亜鉛めっき鋼板（第１の材料）
２ アルミニウム合金（第２の材料）
３，２３ 加工プローブ
３ａ，２３ａ加工プローブの端面
５ 亜鉛層
７ 塑性流動領域
８ 共晶溶融
２３ｂ 湾曲状突起 1 Galvanized steel sheet (first material)
2 Aluminum alloy (second material)
3,23 Processing probe 3a, End face of 23a processing probe 5 Zinc layer 7 Plastic flow region 8 Eutectic melting 23b Curved protrusion

Claims (5)

第１の材料と、この第１の材料とは種類の異なる第２の材料とを重ね合わせて接合するに際して、重ね合わせた第１の材料及び第２の材料の間にこれらの２種類の材料とは異なる第３の材料を介在させ、重ね合わせた第１の材料及び第２の材料を貫通する方向に沿って配置した加工プローブを回転させつつ第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちのいずれか一方の材料側に接触させて塑性流動を生じさせ、これに伴って発生する熱により第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料と第３の材料との間の界面に共晶溶融を生じさせ、上記材料の表面酸化皮膜を除去して共晶溶融物と共に接合部分の周囲に排出し、第１の材料と第２の材料の新生面同士を接合するに際し、材料と接触する端面が平坦状を成す加工プローブを用いることを特徴とする異種材料の接合方法。 When the first material and a second material of a different type from the first material are overlapped and joined, these two kinds of materials are interposed between the overlapped first material and second material. A third material different from that of the first material and the second material while rotating the processing probe arranged along the direction penetrating the superimposed first material and second material. Any one of the first material and the second material is brought into contact with one of the material sides to cause plastic flow, and the heat generated thereby causes a gap between at least one of the materials and the third material. When eutectic melting is caused at the interface, the surface oxide film of the above material is removed and discharged together with the eutectic melt around the joining portion, and when the new surfaces of the first material and the second material are joined together , Using a processing probe with a flat end face in contact with the material Method for joining dissimilar materials, characterized in that. 第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料にめっきされている材料を第３の材料とする請求項１に記載の異種材料の接合方法。   The method for joining different kinds of materials according to claim 1, wherein a material plated on at least one of the first material and the second material is a third material. 第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料を亜鉛めっき鋼板とし、この亜鉛めっき鋼板の亜鉛を第３の材料とする請求項２に記載の異種材料の接合方法。   The method for joining different materials according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the first material and the second material is a galvanized steel sheet, and the zinc of the galvanized steel sheet is a third material. 第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの高熱伝導材料側に加工プローブを接触させて塑性流動を生じさせ、この高熱伝導材料からの熱伝導により第１の材料及び第２の材料のうちの少なくともいずれか一方の材料と第３の材料との間の界面に共晶溶融を生じさせる請求項１〜３のいずれか１つの項に記載の異種材料の接合方法。   A processing probe is brought into contact with the high thermal conductivity material side of the first material and the second material to cause plastic flow, and heat conduction from the high thermal conductivity material causes the first material and the second material to be out of the first material and the second material. The method for joining different types of materials according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein eutectic melting is caused at an interface between at least one of the materials and the third material. 第１の材料と第２の材料とを点接合する請求項１〜４のいずれか１つの項に記載の異種材料の接合方法。 The method for joining different kinds of materials according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the first material and the second material are spot-joined.
JP2004373414A 2004-12-24 2004-12-24 Dissimilar materials joining method Expired - Fee Related JP4631429B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004373414A JP4631429B2 (en) 2004-12-24 2004-12-24 Dissimilar materials joining method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004373414A JP4631429B2 (en) 2004-12-24 2004-12-24 Dissimilar materials joining method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2006175504A JP2006175504A (en) 2006-07-06
JP4631429B2 true JP4631429B2 (en) 2011-02-16

Family

ID=36730091

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2004373414A Expired - Fee Related JP4631429B2 (en) 2004-12-24 2004-12-24 Dissimilar materials joining method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4631429B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4858763B2 (en) * 2006-06-27 2012-01-18 住友軽金属工業株式会社 Friction stir spot assembly
JP4961532B2 (en) * 2006-07-25 2012-06-27 日産自動車株式会社 Method and apparatus for joining dissimilar metals
JP5019163B2 (en) * 2007-03-08 2012-09-05 マツダ株式会社 Friction spot joint structure
KR101428974B1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-08-18 주식회사 성우하이텍 Structure and method for jointing composite material and metal member
CN104227225B (en) * 2014-09-01 2017-02-01 西安交通大学 Agitation friction point braze welding method for metal plate overlap joint combination
DE102015217460A1 (en) * 2015-09-11 2017-03-16 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft A method for joining a steel-containing component with an aluminum component
CN105618925A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-06-01 西安交通大学 Stir friction eutectic reaction welding method for lap joint of dissimilar metal
JP6888104B2 (en) * 2017-09-05 2021-06-16 川崎重工業株式会社 Double-acting friction stir point joining method and double-acting friction stir point joining device
JP7492116B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2024-05-29 日本製鉄株式会社 Steel plates for friction welding, composite materials and automotive materials
JP7417090B2 (en) 2020-03-25 2024-01-18 日本製鉄株式会社 Steel plates for friction welding, composite parts and automotive parts

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6331751A (en) * 1986-07-28 1988-02-10 住友電気工業株式会社 Composite structure made of aluminum alloy and manufacture thereof
JP2002066759A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-05 Mazda Motor Corp Joining method of metal and joining device
JP2004122171A (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-22 High Frequency Heattreat Co Ltd Apparatus and method for solid-phase welding of dissimilar metal sheets
WO2004110692A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Friction stirring-welding method
JP2005161382A (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-23 Mazda Motor Corp Spot-welding method for metallic member and device therefor
JP2005319503A (en) * 2004-05-11 2005-11-17 Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd Metallic member joining method, heat exchange plate manufacturing method, and heat exchanger manufacturing method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6331751A (en) * 1986-07-28 1988-02-10 住友電気工業株式会社 Composite structure made of aluminum alloy and manufacture thereof
JP2002066759A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-05 Mazda Motor Corp Joining method of metal and joining device
JP2004122171A (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-22 High Frequency Heattreat Co Ltd Apparatus and method for solid-phase welding of dissimilar metal sheets
WO2004110692A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Friction stirring-welding method
JP2005161382A (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-23 Mazda Motor Corp Spot-welding method for metallic member and device therefor
JP2005319503A (en) * 2004-05-11 2005-11-17 Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd Metallic member joining method, heat exchange plate manufacturing method, and heat exchanger manufacturing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006175504A (en) 2006-07-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5376391B2 (en) Dissimilar metal joining method and joining structure
JP4601052B2 (en) Dissimilar metal joining method
JP5468350B2 (en) Dissimilar metal plate joining method
JP4905766B2 (en) Method and structure for joining dissimilar metals by resistance welding
JP2007118059A (en) Method and structure of welding different kind of metallic material
JP5120864B2 (en) Dissimilar materials joining method
JP5044162B2 (en) Dissimilar metal joint structure and dissimilar metal joining method
JPH11342477A (en) Spot welding method
JP4631429B2 (en) Dissimilar materials joining method
US20190296316A1 (en) Battery tab having a localized welded joint and method of making the same
JP2009000700A (en) Different-mental joining method and joined sructure
JP2008284570A (en) Method and apparatus for joining different kinds of metal
JP4961530B2 (en) Method of joining dissimilar metals by resistance spot welding
US20200108468A1 (en) Hybrid ultrasonic and resistance spot welding system
JP4941876B2 (en) Method and structure for joining dissimilar metals by resistance welding
JP5051608B2 (en) Method of joining dissimilar metals by resistance spot welding
JP2011088197A (en) Different material joined body and different material resistance spot welding method
JP5071752B2 (en) Dissimilar metal joining method by resistance seam welding
JP2008000754A (en) Method and structure of joining different kinds of metal
US20190363328A1 (en) Robust Reaction Metallurgical Joining
JP6458539B2 (en) Method for producing a laminated structure of three or more layers using a friction stir welding tool and a laminated structure produced by the method
JP2003236673A (en) Method for joining different kinds of materials
JP2023013804A (en) Joining device and joining method for friction stir joining and resistance welding
JPH09225648A (en) Method of resistance welding of fe-based member with al-based member
JP2008264822A (en) Method and structure of joining different metal

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20071128

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20100210

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20100215

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20100416

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20100706

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20100826

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20101019

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20101101

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131126

Year of fee payment: 3

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees