JP4611861B2 - How to create seaweed beds - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for constructing seaweed beds (also referred to as underwater forests), mainly seaweeds, which bring about the propagation of seafood and contribute greatly to the improvement of the marine environment, and more specifically, existing artificial structures, etc. This is related to the seaweed bed construction technology using

  Currently, the promotion of coastal fisheries is an important issue in Japan, and the growth and aquaculture of seafood and seaweed are being promoted. However, in the coastal areas, seaweed beds disappear due to various causes, and the seafood that uses the seaweed baths as a place of life is drastically reduced. ing.

  Seaweeds generally grow on the relatively shallow rock surface of the seabed and propagate there. However, the seaweeds are environmentally friendly because there are often no maternal groups that are the source of zoospores nearby, and the surface of the rock that forms the bed is often covered with lime algae. However, the situation is extremely difficult to settle. In addition, seaweeds are originally difficult to grow in sandy mud. Therefore, it is important to try to introduce seaweed from the outside in the regeneration of the seaweed beds in such a seawater-burning sea area and the construction of seaweed beds in the sand mud sea area.

  Conventionally, as a method for constructing a seaweed bed, artificial structures such as concrete blocks and stones that have been devised to function as an aquatic bed for seaweed have been set up, and seaweed has naturally settled on their surface. The method of waiting is common. However, these conventional methods depend on natural settlement through zoospores, so that the state of seaweed formation in the early stage of development is not only greatly influenced by uncertain natural factors, but also in the formation of seaweed beds. There was a fundamental problem in terms of creation efficiency and certainty, which took time.

  Therefore, by using the seedlings used in wakame culture, etc., wrapping a thin twisted thread with a seaweed juvenile for transplantation around a concrete block etc. Attempts have been made to achieve a prosperous state via zoospores that have grown on the surface and released from mature seaweed. However, this conventional method not only makes it difficult to fix the seedlings to a concrete block or the like, but also the state after the attachment is unstable. In addition, of course, concrete blocks and stones that have already been installed in the sea are natural rocks on the seabed (in this specification, the ones that can become the settlement beds of these seaweeds are collectively referred to as “building foundation”). In practice, it was difficult to apply. In addition, even after installation, if there is any problem with the fixed state of the seed and seedlings with respect to the foundation for creation, the seeds and seeds that are thin and unstable in shape are not easily fixed. There was a drawback of falling off. In particular, since the seedling thread itself has almost no strength, seaweed seedlings must be handled at the very small stage of the juveniles, and they often grow well and do not grow well after construction. there were. For this reason, there are many problems in the above-described method of applying seedling yarn as it is as a means for transplanting seaweed seedlings.

  Instead of unstable seeds and seedlings, a method of attaching a substrate with seaweed seedlings (seaweed seedling supporter) in which seaweed seedlings for transplantation have been preliminarily grown on the surface of a substrate made of materials as appropriate is proposed. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  In addition, as a result of comprehensively examining each work process from the production of seaweed seedlings for transplantation to subsequent installation to the foundation for construction and subsidence, the shape of the foundation for construction, etc. We have developed a ring with a seaweed seedling (seaweed seedling support tool) in which a seaweed seedling is supported on an annular base made of an elastic material and has already put it into practical use. Further, in order to expand the applicable range of the seaweed seedling carrier to the existing construction base, the present applicant fixed the fixing body on which the annular substrate can be fitted to the construction base in the sea, and fixed the fixing body to the base. The technique which introduce | transduces the seaweed seedling for transplant by attaching a seaweed seedling seedling support tool to the foundation for creation through this is proposed (refer patent document 4).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-155366 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-260818 JP-B-2-20211 JP 2004-275027 A

  In the seaweed bed construction work for the existing foundation for construction using the plate-shaped or ring-shaped seaweed seedling carrier as described above, an anchor hole is formed at an appropriate position on the surface of the foundation for construction in the sea, and post-installed anchors, etc. The seaweed seedling carrying tool is fixed with an appropriate anchor material. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the underwater drilling operation is carried out by a diver 33 who pneumatically feeds compressed air into the sea through a hose 32 from a large compressor 31 mounted on the carriage 30 and waits in the sea. A drilling operation is performed on the building foundation 35 using the drilling drill 34. In these operations, since the fleet is composed of the trolley 30 equipped with a compressor, the tugboat (not shown) that also serves as a patrol boat, and the submarine ship 36, the ship cost is high and the fleet configuration is not large. Therefore, there is a big problem that it is difficult to work in a shallow place that is easily affected by flooding. In addition, the working range is limited by the length of the hose 32 from the carriage 30, and there is a problem that in a place where the water depth is deep, the amount of air supplied to the drilling drill 34 decreases due to water pressure, leading to a reduction in drilling work. It was.

  The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for creating a seaweed bed that can improve workability and reduce construction costs.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the seaweed bed construction method according to claim 1 of the present invention, an existing artificial structure, a stoned stone, a natural bedrock, etc. existing in the sea are used as the foundation for construction, and the positions of the surfaces of the foundation for construction are appropriately positioned. In addition, an anchor hole is formed by a pneumatic drilling machine connected to a cylinder filled with compressed air, and then a seaweed seedling carrying tool in which a seaweed seedling for transplantation is carried on a substrate is an anchor material that fits the anchor hole. Adopted the technical means of sticking to the creation base with the seaweed seedlings fixed on this creation base as the starting point to grow seaweed around.

  Moreover, in the seaweed bed construction method according to claim 2, existing artificial structures, stones, and natural bedrock existing in the sea are used as the foundation for construction, and compressed air is filled at appropriate positions on the surface of the foundation for construction. After forming an anchor hole by a pneumatic drilling machine connected to a cylinder, the anchoring body is fixed to the construction base with an anchor material suitable for the anchor hole, and a seaweed seedling for transplantation is carried on the substrate A technical means was adopted in which a carrier was attached to the fixing body, and seaweeds were allowed to grow around the seaweed seedlings fixed to the building base. In addition, it is convenient to form the base of the seaweed seedling holding tool in a substantially annular shape that can be fitted along the outer peripheral surface of the fixing body (Claim 3).

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The anchor hole for securing the seaweed seedling support tool to the building base is powered by a compressed air cylinder carried separately from the compressed air cylinder that the diver consumes for itself. Because it uses a pneumatic drilling drill to be connected, the range of divers in the sea can be greatly expanded compared to the conventional method in which compressed air is supplied to the drilling drill via a hose connected to the compressor on the ship. To do. In addition, since the compressed air supply source is arranged at substantially the same depth as the drilling drill, the hose connecting both equipments is not easily affected by the depth of the water, and the air supply to the drilling drill is stable, so drilling work is possible. Can be done efficiently.
(2) Since there is no need for a trolley for loading compressors and a tugboat that also serves as a patrol boat, which was essential for conventional drilling operations in the sea, the number of work vessels associated with construction can be reduced. Larger compressors and other equipment are no longer required, leading to a significant reduction in construction costs.
(3) The transport ship used to supply materials and equipment to underwater divers can be small, and basically does not require a large ship such as a trolley, and the number of ships Since it decreases, it becomes easy to work in a shallow place. Therefore, compared with the conventional method, the range which can be constructed spreads.

  In the present invention, the compressed air filled in the cylinder brought near the target existing foundation for construction is used as a power source, and a diver forms an anchor hole on the surface of the foundation for construction by a drill drill connected to the compressed air. . Then, the diver adheres a seaweed seedling carrying tool in which a seaweed seedling for transplantation is carried on a substrate having an appropriate shape and material by using an anchor material such as a post-construction anchor using the anchor hole. Alternatively, a fixing body having an appropriate shape and material on which the substrate can be mounted is similarly fixed to the surface of the development base with an anchor material, and the seaweed seedling supporter is fixed to the base for formation through the fixing body. That is, according to the present invention, a diver can easily and easily attach a seaweed seedling carrier to a required position in the sea with respect to various types of construction bases that have already been laid. As a result, the transplanted seaweed seedlings carried by the carrier are firmly fixed on the surface portion of the creation base, and serve as a starting point for the formation of the seaweed beds as a supply source of the zoospores. There is no particular limitation on the shape of the substrate constituting the seaweed seedling carrier used in the present invention, but a plate shape is preferred when directly attaching to the building base, and when attaching via a fixing body. A ring shape is convenient. The ring-shaped base is formed in a substantially annular shape using a flexible material such as a synthetic resin, and one part is opened, and the space between the open ends is widened to attach the fixing body from the lateral direction. Those capable of being suitable are suitable. Further, a similar material is formed in a substantially band shape, and is attached to the fixing body as being bent in an annular shape along its peripheral surface, or as a closed annular body. A thing inserted and fixed from the upper end can also be used. Further, the shape of the fixing body may basically be adapted to the inner shape of the carrier, and for example, a short columnar body or a cylindrical body is suitable. Note that the shape of the fixing body and the fixing means for the building base are appropriately selected according to the shape and mounting position of the building base. In addition, as the creation base, so-called parallel fishing reefs formed in a lattice frame shape and other various shapes of bases can be applied, not limited to artificial ones, and the shape and materials are also particularly limited. Of course, various modifications can be made within the technical idea of the present invention.

  By the way, as a method for integrating the seaweed seedling with the substrate, for example, a method generally used in seaweed culture can be applied. That is, first, seedlings suitable for the attachment of seaweed zoospores such as Cremona (trade name) are immersed in a water tank in which the seaweed spore floats, and the seaweed zoospores are attached to the seedlings for germination. After that, when the seaweed juvenile has reached a few millimeters, the seedlings are attached as they are, for example, by spirally winding them on a string-like body having an appropriate thickness such as a rope or hose, and immediately attached to the ring-shaped substrate. Attach so that Then, they are transferred to the sea and cultivated by hanging them from the sea bream. By this intermediate growth, the temporary roots of the seaweed juveniles are sufficiently attached to the string-like body and the base, and the seaweed seedling supporter is obtained by integrating the seaweed seedling and the base. In this intermediate breeding, the breeding is carried out until it becomes an appropriate size enough to withstand transplantation. The size varies depending on the type of seaweed, the construction time, the environment of the creation area, etc. In the case of the seaweed, for example, the length of the leaf-shaped part is generally preferably about 50 cm to 1 m. For fixing the string-like body to the base body, for example, a plurality of hook-shaped portions are formed at predetermined intervals on the surface of the base body which is the outer side when attached to the fixing body, or inserted into the inside, or a separate fastener is used. Then, the base body and the string-like body can be bound together to integrate them. As the type of seaweed used in the present invention, seaweeds such as arame, kajime and kurome are preferred because they have high food value and can form large-scale seaweed beds called underwater forests. Among them, pickled arame is suitable for handling as in the present invention. Of course, it is not limited to seaweed seaweeds, but can be widely applied to other types of seaweeds depending on the purpose of seaweed development, such as when focusing on the role of seafood as a spawning place.

  Furthermore, it is desirable to apply an algae coating that can enhance the adhesion of zoospores supplied from a seaweed seedling carrier and make the subsequent growth more reliable on the surfaces of the fixing body and the development base. The algae nourishing paint in this case may be a paint mainly composed of a general chemical fertilizer, but it is a water environment improvement paint comprising photosynthetic bacteria according to the applicant's proposal, porous particles, and nutrients of the photosynthetic bacteria. (See Japanese Patent No. 3175964) is particularly suitable. When this paint is applied, it is effective not only for the growth of transplanted seaweed seedlings, but also for maintaining a high rate of seaweed growth through spores and for providing long-term nutrients necessary for seaweed growth. It can be supplied stably. Furthermore, since various marine organisms are easy to attach, seaweed beds with various ecosystems are formed.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the seaweed bed construction method according to the present invention. A diver 1 who performs construction in the sea forms a plate-like seaweed seedling carrier having a bolt insertion hole after forming an anchor hole 4 at a predetermined position by a pneumatic drilling machine 3 on the upper surface of an existing foundation 2 5 is fixed with an appropriate anchor material 6 such as a post-construction anchor. The pneumatic drilling machine 3 is connected via a hose 9 and a compressed air cylinder 8 for a power source carried near the building base 2 separately from the compressed air cylinder 7 for a diver. Therefore, there is no need for a conventional boat or tugboat equipped with a large compressor, and it is only necessary to arrange a small equipment carrier ship 10 that also serves as a warning ship on the sea, so that the construction cost can be reduced. it can. Furthermore, if the compressed air cylinder 8 for the power source is set to a weight that can be carried by the diver 1, the degree of freedom of the diver is increased and the working range is further expanded.

  2 to 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention, each of which is an explanatory view showing the whole, a perspective view of a fixing body, a partial sectional view showing a fixing body mounting method, and a plan view of a seaweed seedling carrier. . The building base 11 in FIG. 2 is a cubic lattice-framed concrete base called a so-called common type fish reef, and a ring-shaped seaweed seedling carrier 13 is attached via fixing bodies 12 fixed to the four corners of the upper surface. It is an attached configuration. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixing body 12 used here is formed of natural stone, concrete or the like in a disk shape, and has a bolt insertion hole 14 formed at the axial center position thereof.

  Next, a method of fixing the fixing body 12 to the building base 11 will be described with reference to FIG. First, as in the first embodiment, an anchor hole 15 is opened at a predetermined position of the building base 11 using a pneumatic punch. Next, the fixing body 12 is placed so that the bolt insertion hole 14 coincides with the anchor hole 15, and is inserted from above so that the anchor material 16 penetrates both. The anchor material 16 used here is divided into so-called core rod driving type anchors, and a core is formed inside an anchor body 19 in which a slit 18 is formed toward the proximal end side beyond the bottom portion 17 on the distal end side. In this configuration, the rod 20 is inserted. When the head portion 21 of the core rod 20 is hit in this state, the tip portion 22 of the core rod 20 formed in a pointed shape presses the bottom portion 17 of the anchor main body 19. With this pressing force, the slit 18 is pushed outward and the tip end portion of the anchor body 19 bites into the inner wall of the anchor hole 15. Although not shown, a plurality of annular convex portions are formed at intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end side portion of the anchor main body 19 to increase the latching force with respect to the anchor hole 15. When the nut 23 is tightened, the fixing body 12 is securely fixed to the building base 11. The first embodiment is also the same, but it is of course possible to apply other types of anchor materials.

  The seaweed seedling carrier 13 is attached to the fixing body 12 fixed to the predetermined position of the creation base 11 in this way. As shown in FIG. 5, the seaweed seedling carrier 13 is formed as a belt-like ring in which the base 24 is made of a synthetic resin having moderate elasticity such as polypropylene and a part thereof is open. The short rope (string-like body) 27 on which the seaweed seedlings 26 are attached is attached to the outer peripheral surface with respect to the substantially L-shaped receiving portions 25 provided at five locations on the outer peripheral surface of the base body 24. The temporary roots of the seaweed seedlings 26 are elongated and integrated with the base body 24 by the intermediate growth described above. In addition, the seaweed seedlings 26 used here are cultured seedlings to which a method used in seaweed cultivation is applied. That is, after soaking seedlings suitable for adhesion of zoospores such as Cremona (trade name) in a water tank in which seaweed zoospores float, A seedling thread (not shown) grown to an appropriate size is spirally wound on a rope 27 as it is, mounted on a base 24 and installed in the sea, and grown as an appropriate size as a seaweed seedling 26. Is. Such a seaweed seedling support tool 13 has a work space, ease of handling, etc. in each process from the seeding of the seaweed seedling for transplantation to the intermediate growth as compared with the plate-shaped tool used in the above embodiment. Is excellent.

  In order to attach the seaweed seedling carrier 13 to the disk-shaped fixing body 12, the both ends of the base 24 may be expanded against elasticity at an appropriate position of the fixing body 12, and may be fitted to the fixing body 12 between them. It can also be fitted from above the body 12. Then, the hook-like protrusions 28 and the hooking holes (not shown) provided at both ends of the base body 24 with the fixing body 12 penetrating the inside thereof are used by using a pair of grips 29 provided in the vicinity thereof. Engage while pulling. Thereby, the base body 24 which was end-shaped can be hold | maintained to a cyclic | annular state, and can be fixed reliably. Since the seaweed seedlings 26 carried on the substantially annular base 24 are transplanted through the fixing body 12 on which the seaweed seedling holding tool 13 can be fitted, the use of a fixing body having an appropriate shape can be used to create various shapes. It can be easily and reliably attached to the base. Moreover, there is also an advantage that the subsequent mounting state is stabilized.

  In each of the above embodiments, when the seaweed seedlings carried on the seaweed seedling carrying tool mature, a myriad of zoospores are released around them, and they are placed on the surface of a nearby foundation for building, abandoned stone, natural bedrock, etc. Adhere to. The seaweed that has grown and grown here releases zoospores as well. By repeating this chain, the growth range of seaweed gradually expands and a seaweed bed is formed. That is, the seaweed seedling for transplantation introduced into the creation base through the seaweed seedling carrying tool is the base point for the seaweed bed construction.

It is explanatory drawing which shows 1st Example of the seaweed bed construction method by this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows 2nd Example of the seaweed bed construction method by this invention. It is a perspective view of the fixing body used in the second embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the attachment method of the said fixing body. It is a top view of the seaweed seedling seedling carrier used in 2nd Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the prior art example of a seaweed bed construction method.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,33 ... Diver 2,11,35 ... Base for construction, 3,34 ... Drill drill, 4,15 ... Anchor hole, 5,13 ... Seaweed seedling carrier 7,8 ... Compressed air cylinder, 9, 32 ... Hose, 10 ... Equipment carrier, 12 ... Fixing body, 15 ... Anchor hole, 16 ... Anchor material, 19 ... Anchor body, 20 ... Core rod, 24 ... Base, 26 ... Seaweed seedling, 30 ... Dolly, 31 …compressor

Claims (3)

  An anchor hole is formed by a pneumatic drilling machine that is connected to a cylinder filled with compressed air at an appropriate position on the surface of the foundation for construction, using existing artificial structures, stones and natural bedrock existing in the sea. After that, the seaweed seedling carrying tool on which the seaweed seedling for transplantation is carried on the substrate is fixed to the construction base with an anchor material suitable for the anchor hole, and the seaweed seedling fixed to the construction base is used as a base point. A method for constructing a seaweed basin characterized by allowing seaweed to thrive around.   An anchor hole is formed by a pneumatic drilling machine that is connected to a cylinder filled with compressed air at an appropriate position on the surface of the foundation for construction, using existing artificial structures, stones and natural bedrock existing in the sea. After that, the fixing body is fixed to the formation base with an anchor material suitable for the anchor hole, and a seaweed seedling carrying tool in which a seaweed seedling for transplantation is carried on a base is attached to the fixing body, A method for constructing a seaweed basin characterized by causing seaweeds to flourish around a seaweed seedling fixed on a base.   The method for creating a seaweed bed according to claim 2, wherein the base of the seaweed seedling carrier is formed in a substantially annular shape that can be fitted along the outer peripheral surface of the fixing body.

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