JP2006025720A - Structure for creating seaweed bed and method for creating seaweed bed by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for creating a seaweed bed in which seaweed is made to adhere in early stages and lightweight adhesive substrates on which the seaweeds are made to adhere can simply be moved and to provide a method for creating the seaweed bed by using the structure. <P>SOLUTION: The structure 1 for creating the seaweed bed is composed of a base 2 composed of a solid concrete and the adhesive substrates 3 each composed of three porous concrete blocks detachably placed on the upper surface. When the structure 1 for creating the seaweed bed is sunk in a target sea area in which seaweed bed is created, zoospores which float in sea are made to adhere to the structure 1 and seaweeds K are grown on the surfaces of the adhesive substrates 3. The seaweed bed can simply be created in a new place by installing either one of adhesive substrates 3 on which these seaweeds K are made to adhere on the structure used for creating seaweed, free from seaweed and sunk in other place. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for constructing a seaweed bed centering on seaweeds that brings about the propagation of seafood and contributes greatly to the improvement of the marine environment.

  Currently, the promotion of coastal fisheries is an important issue in Japan, and the growth and aquaculture of seafood and seaweed are being promoted. However, in the coastal areas, seaweed beds disappear due to various causes, and the seafood that uses the seaweed baths as a place of life is drastically reduced. ing.

  Seaweeds generally grow on the relatively shallow rock surface of the seabed and propagate there. However, the seaweeds are environmentally friendly because there are often no maternal groups that are the source of zoospores nearby, and the surface of the rock that forms the bed is often covered with lime algae. However, the situation is extremely difficult to settle. In addition, seaweeds are originally difficult to grow in sandy mud. Therefore, in the regeneration of seaweed beds in such a seawater-burning sea area and the construction of seaweed beds in sandy mud sea areas, concrete blocks that can function as an aquatic bed for seaweeds are placed or natural stones are introduced. The method of waiting for the seaweed to naturally settle on the surface of the sea is generally created.

As for the former concrete block, many structures with various contrivances (also referred to as a settlement substrate or a settlement base, but referred to as a structure for creating a seaweed bed in this specification) have been proposed so far. ing. These structures for creating seaweed beds were manufactured as heavy concrete blocks so that they would not move or fall over due to tidal currents or waves. Such a structure for creating a seaweed bed is large and heavy, and thus has a problem that costs for each process from production to transportation and set-up increase. In order to solve this problem, Patent Document 1 discloses a function for growing seaweeds (algae reef) and a function for holding the breeding reef part and stably installing it on the seabed ground (simulation). It is proposed to separate it from the seabed.
JP 2003-210065 A

  In other words, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is configured such that a relatively light seaweed reef and a simulated seabed made of heavy objects are separated and can be attached and detached, and the seaweed reef and the simulated seabed are transported and submerged. The work is performed in a time suitable for each member. As a result, it is said that the workability can be improved while reducing the overall cost, and further the installation of the seaweed reef can be performed in time with the release time of the seaweed zoospores. This seaweed reef is composed of four steel columnar portions penetrating the lower end side with respect to a pedestal portion, which is a heavy concrete material, and a steel horizontal member connecting the upper end portions of the columnar portions. It is a structure in which a large number of algae landing members made of concrete plates are bolted to the constructed reef body. And, with respect to the simulated submarine ground that has been preliminarily set in the predetermined sea area, this seaweed reef is moved at an appropriate time and placed on its upper surface, but it is said that it is relatively lightweight. Since it has a weight of about 2 tons, the movement work etc. is not always easy, and there is still a lot of room for improvement, such as making a grid-frame seaweed reef integrated with the base is not easy. Has been. Moreover, since the algae landing member in a seaweed reef consists only of a concrete board, the improvement from the surface of adhesion of seaweed is also desired.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and separates the substrate for supporting seaweed from the substrate and the substrate for supporting the substrate. Is light and easy to manufacture, and by selecting a material suitable for the attachment of seaweed zoospores, seaweeds can quickly grow on the substrate, and the substrate with the seaweed attached can be easily used for transplantation. The object of the present invention is to provide a structure for creating a seaweed bed that can be removed and transferred to the ground and a method for creating a seaweed bed using the structure.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the structure for creating a seaweed bed according to claim 1, a plurality of settlements made of porous concrete and a porous concrete detachably placed on the upper surface of the foundation. A configuration including a base was adopted. That is, since the settlement base used in the present invention is made of porous concrete, many irregularities are formed on the surface of the settlement base, and the shape of the seaweed zoospores is very easy to attach, and at the same time, the amount of cement used is large. Since the amount is small, adverse effects due to the alkalinity are reduced, and it is difficult to prevent the growth of seaweed in terms of material. In addition, because there are many continuous voids inside the substrate, seaweed roots enter the inside, reducing detachment from the substrate due to waves, etc., and much larger than solid concrete. Since the weight can be reduced, it is easy to separate the substrate on which the seaweed has been grown from the base and move it to another location. In addition, the production of the substrate is simple by using a mold.

  In the structure for creating seaweed beds according to claim 2, since the base is composed of a plurality of split bases that are detachable from each other, the base can be easily installed and moved, leading to improved workability. Furthermore, in the invention which concerns on Claim 3, by setting it as the structure by which each of these several growth base | substrates is each mounted above each joint position between the division | segmentation base | substrates in the structure for seaweed bed creation concerning Claim 2, This is effective for preventing breakage of the substrate. Of course, the division positions of the upper and lower members can coincide with each other. In the structure for creating a seaweed bed according to claim 4, since the means for attaching the seaweed seedling for transplantation is provided on at least one of the seedling bases, the seaweed seedling for transplantation can be simply and It is possible to attach it reliably. Moreover, there is also an advantage that the subsequent mounting state is stabilized. As a result, these seaweed seedlings can be effectively used as mother algae as the core of the early stage of seaweed formation, where the mature seaweed seedlings serve as a source of zoospores and other adjacent epiphytes. The surface of the substrate, the surface of the other algae bed construction structure, and the surrounding area are also realized.

  Further, in the seaweed bed creation method according to claim 5, the seaweed bed creation comprising a base made of solid concrete and a plurality of settlement bases made of porous concrete detachably mounted on the upper surface of the base. After laying the structure for use on the seabed in a predetermined sea area, remove at least one of the seaweed-attached settlement bases from the base of the seaweed formation structure in which seaweed has grown on the plurality of settlement bases. The seaweed is then placed in the empty space of the algae bed construction structure in another sea area where a part of the upper surface of the base is opened and the substrate is placed. A configuration was adopted in which seaweeds were allowed to flourish on other growth bases, starting from the attached growth base. In other words, since the settlement base made of porous concrete is likely to adhere to the seaweed zoospores, the seaweed grows quickly on the plurality of settlement bases installed on the upper surface of the substituting structure for the seaweed beds. . Furthermore, the porous substrate made of porous concrete is lighter than solid concrete, and therefore has the advantage of being easily removed from the base and transported. For this reason, in a place where a seaweed bed is to be newly created, a structure for seaweed bed building in which a part of the upper surface of the base is opened and the substrate is placed is submerged, and the structure for seaweed bed building in another place By moving an epiphytic substrate with seaweed grown with a thing and installing it in the space, a new seaweed bed can be formed at the same time as the relocation although the scale is small. As time passes, the seaweed grows on other settlement bases based on this seaweed seedling base, and the seaweed also grows around the structure for creating seaweeds, increasing the scale of the seaweed beds. It will be. In addition, in the source seaweed building construction structure where the upper surface of the base is clear by the transfer of the seaweed-established substrate, it is repeatedly used as a source of seaweed for transplantation by re-installing a new substrate. be able to. Furthermore, as in the invention of claim 6, if a seaweed seedling for transplantation is attached in advance to at least one of the plurality of settlement bases, the certainty of the seaweed formation is further improved as compared with the case based on natural settlement. Can be increased.

  According to the present invention, the substrate is separated from the substrate on which the seaweed is set, and the substrate is formed of porous concrete having an uneven surface. Seaweed zoospores are more likely to adhere, and seaweeds grow and proliferate early. And these epithelial substrates are lighter than conventional solid concrete ones and can be easily removed and moved from the base. A new seaweed bed can be easily formed by applying to the base of the structure for seaweed bed building installed in other places. Seaweed grows again by placing a new substrate on the clear space of the source structure for constructing the seaweed bed. In addition, seaweeds grow in the entire structure over time in the structure for algae bed construction in other places to which the settlement substrate on which seaweed has grown has been transferred. By transferring the settled substrate to another place, the seaweed bed can be reliably and economically expanded in a short period of time.

  In the present invention, the substrate for formation of seaweed is formed of porous concrete. This porous concrete can be formed as a water-permeable molded article with no voids by clogging with natural stone or crushed stone and kneading cement and cement admixture. As an example of the manufacturing method, natural stones or crushed stones previously wetted and cement are mixed for 1 to 2 minutes, then an appropriate cement admixture is added, and the mixture is further kneaded for 3 to 5 minutes. Then, the kneaded product is poured into a mold having a shape adapted to the base of the structure for constructing a seaweed bed on which the substrate is placed, and the aggregate is stabilized by applying vibrations. Can be used after period curing. As the shape of the substrate, it is possible to use an appropriately formed shape such as a plate shape or a block shape in consideration of the shape of the substrate to be applied. The substrate made of porous concrete can be standardized by manufacturing (secondary product) at the factory, and reliable product supply is possible.

  In order to effectively use the upper surface of the substrate, it is preferable that the substrate formed by the above method has a shape that substantially matches the upper surface of the substrate in a state where a plurality of planar substrates are gathered as a planar shape. There is no limitation, and it is possible to apply even a case in which a gap is generated between the respective growth bases in a state where it is placed on the base, or it protrudes outward from the base. Examples of the shape of the base include a hexagonal shape, a rectangular shape, a cross shape, and a circular shape. When the base is polygonal or circular, it is preferable to form the substrate in a shape obtained by equally dividing the base by a predetermined angle. In addition, the substrate can be simply placed on the base. However, in the shallow water area, considering the influence of waves, for example, a convex part and a concave part that fit each other are provided on the contact surfaces of the two, respectively. It may be possible to oppose the force. Furthermore, it is possible to provide means for preventing the substrate from rising due to lift. In addition, although a base is fundamentally integral, it is good also as a division | segmentation type | mold similarly to the said growth base. In this case, transportation / sinking work becomes easy.

  Furthermore, the porous concrete substrate is more adherent to the seaweed zoospores than solid concrete, but it can be further enhanced and can be expected to have the effect of making the subsequent growth more reliable. Application of algae paint is effective. When the algae paint is applied, the settlement base is made of porous concrete, so the algae paint penetrates into the numerous voids inside and is effective for the formation of a rich ecosystem by gathering various organisms. . The algae nourishing paint in this case may be a paint mainly composed of a general chemical fertilizer, but it is a water environment improvement paint comprising photosynthetic bacteria according to the applicant's proposal, porous particles, and nutrients of the photosynthetic bacteria. (See Japanese Patent No. 3175964) is particularly suitable. When this paint is applied, it is effective not only for the growth of seedlings of seaweed that has grown, but also for maintaining a high rate of seaweed growth through spores and for providing long-term nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed. Can be supplied stably. Furthermore, since various marine organisms are easy to attach, seaweed beds with various ecosystems are formed. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is of course not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made within the technical idea of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 show a first embodiment of a structure for seaweed bed construction according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the structure for seaweed bed construction, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the structure for creating a seaweed bed. The illustrated structure 1 for generating seaweed beds is composed of a base plate 2 having a hexagonal shape in plan view, and three growth bases 3 that are placed on the upper surface and have the same planar shape as the base plate 2 in the assembled state. Here, the base 2 is made of solid concrete, and leg portions 4 are provided at equal intervals at three locations on the bottom surface, and through holes 5 formed in the center of the aggregated substrate 3 in the center. A communicating through hole 6 is formed. Each of the substrate bodies 3 is made of porous concrete, and is detachable from the base plate 2 as shown in FIG. 3, and a concave portion formed in the base plate 2 as shown in FIG. 7 is configured such that a convex portion 8 or the like formed on the bottom surface of the substrate 3 is fitted to resist a horizontal force. Further, a hook 9 for movement is provided on the upper surface of the substrate 3. In addition, you may make it prevent a horizontal movement through the short columnar member which can form a recessed part in the contact surface of the base | substrate 2 and the growth base | substrate 3, respectively, and can be fitted to both recessed parts.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing the internal structure of the substrate 3, and a coarse aggregate 10 such as natural stone or crushed stone having a different shape and size is bonded and integrated through a mixture 11 of cement and a cement admixture. As a result, the surface of the molded product is formed in an uneven shape, and at the same time, a large number of continuous voids 12 are formed inside. Specifically, for example, a natural stone having a particle diameter of 5 to 25 mm is used for 1645 kg and 200 kg of cement, and 35 L of a suspension containing calcium carbonate and silica stone powder as main components is used as a cement admixture. Can be manufactured. Incidentally, the completed substrate 3 had a specific gravity of 1.77 and a porosity of 30.8%. Further, the pH of the surface was 8.0, and the alkalinity was greatly reduced compared to 11.08 when no cement admixture was used.

  5-7 is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the seaweed bed construction method using the said structure 1 for seaweed bed construction. First, the structure 1 for seaweed bed construction shown in FIG. Since the board | substrate 2 has the three leg parts 4, stability when installed is high. Then, when it is time for seaweed growing nearby to release zoospores, the zoospores floating in the sea adhere to the structure 1 for building the seaweed beds, and as time passes, as shown in FIG. Seaweed K is deposited on the surface of 3 to form a seaweed bed. If such a state is obtained, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, one of the three substrates 3 is removed by using the hook 9, and is previously placed in another place as shown in FIG. It applies to the structure 20 for constructing a seaweed bed that has been laid. In this case, in the structure 20 for generating seaweed beds, the base 21 is the same as the structure 1 for generating seaweed beds, but on the upper surface of the base 21 there are two substrate bodies 22 on which no seaweed exists. The space (vacant space) for one deposition substrate is clear. Then, when the settlement substrate 3 on which the seaweed K is deposited is placed in the empty space, an algae field is formed at this location simultaneously with the transfer of the deposition substrate 3, and the settlement substrate is formed over time. The seaweed K grows in 22 and the scale expands. In addition, if a new growth substrate 3 is installed in the empty space of the structure 1 (Fig. 6) for supplying the seaweed bed from which the growth substrate 3 has been removed, the remaining seaweed K is remaining. Seaweed K comes to flourish again by the zoospores from the two growth bases 3. In addition, since the seaweed K spreads in the state as shown in FIG. 5 in the seaweed basin construction structure 20 as the transfer destination, any one of the regenerating bases 22 on which the seaweed K has grown is further added. It can be used as a new supplier of seaweed beds, such as moving to another location. By repeating such a cycle, the area of the seaweed bed can be expanded reliably and economically in a short period of time.

  FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the structure for creating seaweed beds according to the present invention. In the illustrated structure 30 for creating a seaweed bed, the base 31 has leg portions at three locations as in the first embodiment, and on the surfaces of the three growth bases 32 placed on the upper surface of the base 31. Are provided with three disk-like projections 33 and one movement hook 34 as attachment means for transplanting seaweed seedlings. These settlement bases 32 are made of porous concrete, and are detachably mounted on the base 31 by the same engagement structure as in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view of a seaweed seedling carrier 40 applied to the disk-like protrusions 33 of the structure 30 for generating seaweed beds. In this seaweed seedling carrying tool 40, the carrying tool 41 is made of a synthetic resin having moderate elasticity such as polypropylene, and is formed as an open belt-like ring whose circumferential length substantially matches the length of the disk-shaped protrusion 33. . Then, the short rope 42 on which the seaweed seedlings k are formed fits into the substantially L-shaped receiving portions 41a provided at five locations on the outer peripheral surface of the carrier 41 so as to follow the outer peripheral surface. The temporary root of the seaweed seedling k is extended and integrated with the carrier 41 by intermediate growth as appropriate. The through holes 41b provided at the three locations of the carrier 41 are used when suspended in the sea during intermediate growth, and the protrusions 41c and the locking holes 41d provided at both ends are attached to the disk-like protrusions 33. Used for. The seaweed seedling k used here is a cultured seedling applying a method performed in seaweed cultivation or the like. That is, after soaking seedlings suitable for adhesion of zoospores such as Cremona (trade name) in a water tank in which seaweed zoospores float, The seed and seedling thread 42a grown to an appropriate size is spirally wound around the rope 42 as it is, mounted on the carrier 41 and installed in the sea, and grown as a seaweed seed and seedling k to an appropriate size. . As the type of seaweed used here, seaweeds such as arame, swordfish, and black seaweed are preferable because they have high food value and can form large-scale seaweed beds called underwater forests. Among them, pickled arame is suitable for handling as in the present invention. Of course, it is not limited to seaweed seaweeds, but can be widely applied to other types of seaweeds depending on the purpose of seaweed development, such as when focusing on the role of seafood as a spawning place.

  If such a seaweed seedling carrying tool 40 is applied to the structure 30 for constructing the seaweed bed, and when the seaweed seedling k carried on the carrying tool 41 is matured, innumerable zoospores are released around the It adheres not only to the entire surface of the raw substrate 32 but also to the surface of a nearby structure for construction or abandoned stone. The seaweed that has grown and grown here releases zoospores as well. By repeating this, the growth range of seaweed gradually expands and a seaweed bed is formed. The growth base 32 to which the seaweed seedlings k are attached is removed from the base 31 and transferred to another seaweed bed construction structure in the same manner as in the first embodiment, so that the seaweed bed can be easily and reliably expanded. Can do. Therefore, in the present example in which the seaweed seedlings k are introduced in advance, the success rate of the seaweed basin creation is further increased as compared with the first example in which natural establishment of zoospores is expected. In addition, when using such a seaweed seedling seedling carrier 40, when the growth state of the seaweed seedling seedling k is not expected after construction, there is also an advantage that the seaweed seedling seedling k can be easily added or replaced.

  Further, although not shown, the hexagonal bases 2 and 31 in the above-described embodiment can be separated from each other so as to be detachable (three divisions, etc.). In this case, it is effective for preventing the breakage of the plate-like substrate by setting each substrate to be placed above each coupling position between the divided substrates. By adopting a configuration in which the base is divided, it becomes easy to install and move the base, which leads to improved workability in the construction of the seaweed bed. In addition, you may transfer a part of base | substrate divided | segmented in connection with transfer of a growth base | substrate to another place. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of workability, after the production base and the divided base are manufactured as a single unit in advance, a plurality of them are connected and set as a structure for constructing a seaweed bed, and then again when the seaweed grows. You may make it move by dividing.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the structure for seaweed bed construction concerning this invention. It is a top view center cross-sectional view of the structure for seaweed bed construction shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of the structure for seaweed bed construction shown in FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of the growth base | substrate used by this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the seaweed bed construction method using the structure for seaweed bed construction shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the next process of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the next process of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the structure for seaweed bed construction concerning this invention. It is a top view of the seaweed seedling seedling carrier used in the structure for algae bed construction of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,20,30 ... Structure for seaweed bed construction, 2, 21, 31 ... Base, 3, 22, 32 ... Substrate, 4 ... Leg part, 7 ... Concave part, 8 ... Convex part, 9, 34 ... Hook DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Aggregate, 12 ... Space | gap, 33 ... Discoid process, 40 ... Seaweed seedling carrier, K, k ... Seaweed

Claims (6)

  A structure for creating a seaweed basin comprising a base made of solid concrete and a plurality of settlement bases made of porous concrete detachably placed on the upper surface of the base.   2. The seaweed bed building structure according to claim 1, wherein the base is composed of a plurality of split bases that are detachable from each other.   The structure for creating a seaweed bed according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of settlement bases are placed above each coupling position between the divided bases in the base.   The structure for creating a seaweed bed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein means for attaching a seaweed seedling for transplantation is provided on at least one of the growth bases.   After sinking a structure for seaweed formation comprising a base made of solid concrete and a plurality of settlement bases made of porous concrete detachably placed on the upper surface of the base on the seabed in a predetermined sea area, Remove at least one of the agglutination bases with seaweed from the base of the structure for constructing seaweed beds where seaweed has grown on the plurality of growth bases, move to another sea area, and open a part of the top surface of the base By placing the above-mentioned seedling substrate with seaweed in the void of the structure for constructing the seaweed bed in the other sea area where the substrate is placed, it is possible to use the seeding substrate with seaweed as a base point to another seeding substrate. A method for constructing a seaweed basin characterized by allowing seaweed to grow.   6. The seaweed bed construction method according to claim 5, wherein a seaweed seedling for transplantation is attached in advance to at least one of the plurality of settlement bases.

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