JP2009072164A - Seaweed bed bank - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seaweed bed bank significantly contributing to the breeding of marine resources including abalone and turban shell and seaweed bed creation, and effective for ameliorating the coast environment. <P>SOLUTION: The seaweed bed bank 1 has the following structure: A square plate-like platform 2 provided with a water hole 21 vertically penetrating at the center is provided with a plurality of support legs 3 on the lower side thereof, whereas the face side thereof is provided with a plurality of raised columns 4, and also both the upper side and lateral side of the platform 2 are provided with discs 23a and 23b, and the upper side is nearly radially disposed with a plurality of troughs 22, in a turned down manner, so that their openings are directed toward the axes of the water holes 21. In this seaweed bed bank 1, the columns 4 and the discs 23a on the upper side are inoculated with the same kind of seaweed seedlings 5a, while the discs 23b on the lateral side are inoculated with different kinds of seaweed seedlings 5b. Seawater rises from the lower side of the platform 2 through the water holes 21, applying swinging effect on the seaweed seedlings 5a growing on the columns 4, and this seaweed bed bank 1 secures a good light environment, functioning to supply fresh seawater thereinto. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a seaweed reef that has a growth function for root resources such as abalone and turban shell accompanying the formation of an algae field, and further has a growth function for fish and contributes to the improvement of the coastal environment.

Conventionally, in the aquaculture of various seafood on the coast, artificial fish reefs having shapes that take into account their ecology are generally used. These artificial reefs focus on the function of fish and shellfish, but especially when targeting algae-eating animals that are useful root resources such as abalone, turban shell, sea urchin, etc. It is essential to secure feed seaweeds such as seaweeds in the area. For this reason, as a general rule, the area where the artificial fish reef is set up is such that there is a seaweed community of a certain size or larger nearby. Concrete, metal, synthetic resin, etc. are used as the material for these artificial fish reefs, but seafood is better in the state where seaweeds are growing than in the state where the surface remains exposed even after being laid. It is preferable as a growth environment for the plant and is advantageous in collecting many organisms. Furthermore, artificial fish reefs are often expected to play a role as seaweed reefs and are expected to be the core of seaweed reef construction. In this case, the establishment of seaweed on the surface of the fish reef is performed through spores released from the seaweed that grows naturally in the surrounding area. Therefore, means for actively capturing the seaweed spores floating in the sea on the surface of the reef have been studied, and several proposals have been made so far. For example, it is disclosed that an upper surface portion of a concrete block having a substantially cross shape in plan view is formed in an uneven shape, and seaweed spores are captured in the uneven portion (Patent Document 1). In addition, there is a type in which a flat plate having a fine unevenness is installed on the upper part of a block body having a flat and substantially U-shaped cross section so as to straddle these openings (Patent Document 2). . In any of these conventional techniques, floating seaweed spores are attached using the uneven portions on the block surface. In order to solve these problems of the prior art, the present applicant established a plurality of pillars attached with seaweed seedlings in several places on a concrete base, so that the seaweed bed that uses the sea in three dimensions A skeletal structure for creation is proposed (Patent Document 3).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-50929 Utility Model Registration No. 2516827 Japanese Patent No. 2905432

  That is, in the artificial fish reefs described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the fish reef body is flat and has a low height, the seaweed that has grown on the surface of the reef has risen from the sea floor. There was an essential problem that it was easily washed away by mud and lacked durability in terms of function as a seaweed reef. In addition, since this type of skeletal structure is usually installed with a relatively flat seabed, the upper surface of the fish reef, which serves as a trapping surface for seaweed spores, is necessarily nearly parallel to the flow. Often arranged in a shape. Under such circumstances, these uneven portions are not necessarily effective because they are less likely to become flow resistance. In other words, many of the seaweed spores pass through without being caught on the upper surface of the fish reef, and rather than become the core of the seaweed basin development, it is difficult to reach the state where seaweed has grown over the entire artificial reef. is there.

  In this way, the formation of seaweed on the surface of the artificial reef relies on the highly contingent natural phenomenon of spore attachment using flow, so that the conventional capture surface is arranged almost parallel to the flow. None of the examples are efficient structures for capturing seaweed spores and lack certainty. In particular, when it is carried out in an area where there are few mother algae that are the source of spores, the tendency appears prominently. All of them left a lot of room for improvement.

  On the other hand, the columnar structure described in Patent Document 3 has many vertical surfaces, so that floating mud or the like is difficult to accumulate in the columnar part, and in particular, it is possible to realize a favorable environment for the growth and growth of kombu. . However, the upper surface of the base is basically flat and is similar to those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 in that it is easily affected by floating mud and sand. Furthermore, although a plurality of pillars can stand upright, seaweeds can be grown at a high density, but seaweeds overlap each other with their growth and may not be able to secure a sufficient amount of light, competing with each other. As a result, there were cases where the three-dimensional structure did not contribute much to the increase in seaweed density.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art, and by improving the light receiving environment and sedimentation of floating mud in the sea, seaweed can be proliferated at a high density in a short period of time, and its state Will provide a seaweed reef that will contribute significantly to aquaculture of aquatic resources such as abalone, which will be maintained for a long period of time, and will also serve as a core for seaweed development and to improve the coastal environment. It is the purpose.

In order to solve the problems of the above prior art, in the seaweed reef according to claim 1 of the present application, there is a plate-like base formed in the center part with a water passage hole penetrating in the vertical direction, on the bottom surface of this base Provided with a plurality of support legs that maintain a space between the water passage hole and the seabed, a plurality of pillars that are erected around the water passage hole on the upper surface side of the base, and seaweed seedlings that are attached to these pillar bodies It is characterized in that the configuration is adopted.

  Further, in the seaweed reef according to claim 1, a configuration in which a plurality of trough bodies are arranged radially with respect to the water passage holes in a state where the trough bodies are laid down between the pillar bodies (claim 2), or the upper surface of the base It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a plurality of disc bodies are installed on the side surface and different kinds of seaweed seedlings are attached at least between the disc body and the column body on the side surface (Claim 3). The addition of these trough bodies and disk bodies to the base is an effective means for promoting functional enhancement as a seaweed reef and multi-functionality (effects as breeding reefs and fish reefs). In addition, in the configuration of claim 3, when a combination is selected as a pillar body and a Honda walla is selected as a side disk body, not only the upper surface side of the base but also the side surface can be used as a seaweed settlement floor. And the entire surface of the base can be used effectively (claim 4).

In the seaweed reef concerning this invention, the following effects can be acquired by employ | adopting the above structures.
(1) A plurality of support legs are provided on the lower surface of the plate-like base, and a water passage hole penetrating in the vertical direction is formed in the center of the base. The interval can be maintained. For this reason, the flow of seawater is generated on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the base via the water passage hole, and appropriate rocking is given to the seaweed seedlings growing on the surface of the pillars and the like. This rocking action stably supplies fresh seawater to the seaweed seedlings, and at the same time, even if the seaweed seedlings are densely growing so as to overlap each other on the pillar, Since the light is uniformly applied to each seaweed seedling and the light receiving environment is improved, the growth of the seaweed seedling and seedling is made uniform.
(2) Since the seawater flow as described above causes a scavenging effect on the upper surface of the base, accumulation of floating mud and the like on the upper surface of the base is significantly reduced. As a result, spores and the like released from the seaweed seedlings attached to the pillars and the like are likely to settle on the upper surface of the base, and a habitat space for aquatic products is formed by the overgrown seaweed. In addition, since the base is separated from the sea floor by a predetermined distance by a plurality of support legs, seaweeds will also be deposited on the ridges on the bottom side of the base, making effective use of the base surface of a limited area. Can do.
(3) The water hole provided in the center of the base is used as a movement passage for aquatic products, and the space on the bottom side of the base is shaded to serve as a place for fish and the like. The seaweed reef according to the present invention can accommodate a wide variety of organisms, such as a place where shellfish such as turban shell and abalone adhere, or a spawning place such as squid.
(4) If a plurality of trough bodies are arranged radially with respect to the water passage hole in a state where they are laid down between the pillars, a shaded place is formed on a portion other than the lower surface of the base. Will increase. In this case, the seawater that rises from the lower surface side of the base and flows to the upper surface side is installed so that each trough body opens toward the water passage hole, so that the inner space of each trough body It also circulates smoothly. For this reason, accumulation of floating mud etc. inside the trough body can be avoided, and since fresh seawater circulates inside, a good environment can be obtained as a place for aquatic products and formed in the immediate vicinity of the trough body Biological productivity is improved by the existence of the algae space. Furthermore, seaweeds such as kombu are easy to grow on the ridges of the outer peripheral surface of the trough body, and the surface can be effectively utilized.
(5) If a plurality of disc bodies are installed on the top and side surfaces of the base and different types of seaweed seedlings are attached to each of the disc bodies and the pillars on at least the side surfaces, the formation of the composite algae field is more reliably achieved. Can be realized. In this case, if the pillars are made of kombu and the side discs are made of Honda, specific fishery resources such as squid and yellowtail can be increased.

  The seaweed reef according to the present invention has a columnar structure existing on the upper surface of the base and the flow action of seawater generated from the lower surface to the upper surface in the center of the base. A three-dimensional algae basin is created with this skeletal structure as the core. Such seaweed reefs have higher seaweed growth density in the underwater space than conventional ones, and have both functions of breeding reefs and fish reefs. It is an extremely useful seaweed reef. In particular, by attaching seaweed seedlings to a specific part of the skeletal structure, that is, a pillar installed in an upright state, it is possible to proliferate seaweed in a short time and with a high probability even in a sandy beach area. The seaweed that has settled on the skeletal structure is less likely to disappear due to the fluid action of seawater, and its function is maintained for a long time.

As an attachment means for the skeletal structure of the transplanted seaweed seedling to be introduced at the time of construction, for example, the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-136913 relating to the proposal of the present applicant can be applied to any of this type of column body and disk body. Can also be applied, which is preferable in terms of workability and the like. That is, the seaweed seedling is applied to the skeletal structure in a form that is appropriately fixed to a substantially C-shaped ring-shaped support substrate made of a synthetic resin having appropriate elasticity and hardness such as polypropylene. By adopting such a form, it is possible to easily attach a perishable seaweed seedling to a columnar body or a disk body in a good state. Furthermore, it is more effective to apply a known algae nourishing paint to the surface of the pillars or the like in advance to promote the seaweed overgrowth. As an algae paint, a paint containing a general chemical fertilizer may be used, but a water environment improvement paint comprising a photosynthetic bacterium proposed by the present applicant, a carrier using porous particles, and a nutrient component of the photosynthetic bacterium (patent) No. 3175964) is particularly suitable. When this paint is applied, in addition to improving the establishment rate of seaweed zoospores, it continues to release nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed over a long period of time, making it a suitable place for seaweed growing there, The state of the seaweeds is maintained for a long time.

In the seaweed reef according to the present invention, appropriate kinds of seaweed seedlings can be used alone or in combination of a plurality of kinds according to the purpose and the like. In other words, an optimal seaweed species may be selected in consideration of its purpose and the underwater environment at the place of settling, such as aquaculture of seafood and the creation of an algae place to improve the coastal environment. There is no particular limitation on the type of seaweed, but it is most suitable for abalone and turban shells, which are highly valuable as marine resources. Application of seaweeds such as kurome is preferred. Among them, pickled lambs are suitable for such vertically-structured skeletal structures because of their vigorous fertility and excellent adaptability to water depth. In particular, when considering the use as a spawning place for the grouper, Honda Walla such as Yoremoku, Fujisugimoku, Mamedawara, and Akamoku are suitable. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is of course not limited to these embodiments, and within the technical idea of the present invention, such as changes in the material, shape, quantity, and position of each component. Of course, various modifications can be made.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the seaweed reef according to the present invention. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are respectively a partially longitudinal front view and a plan view of a skeletal structure 10 constituting the main body of the seaweed reef 1, both of which are before attaching seaweed seedlings. The illustrated skeletal structure 10 includes a rectangular plate-like base 2, a plurality of support legs 3 provided on the lower surface side thereof, and a plurality of pillars 4 provided on the upper surface side as basic constituent members. The members described in detail below are integrally added to the.

The base 2 is made of concrete, and a circular water passage hole 21 penetrating in the vertical direction is formed in the center portion of the base 2, and eight concrete trough bodies 22 are formed on the upper surface of the base 2 with respect to the water passage hole 21. It is provided in a state where it is face down. In this case, in each side part of the square base 2, two trough bodies 22 are arranged adjacent to each other on the two opposite sides, and two trough bodies 22 are spaced from each other on the remaining two sides. Has been placed. These trough bodies 22 are provided almost radially so that the openings thereof face the axial center of the water passage hole 21. Furthermore, disk bodies 23a and 23b having the same outer diameter as the pillar body 4 are provided on the top surface and the four side surfaces of the base 2, and a circular recess 24 is formed between the disk bodies 23b on the adjacent side surfaces. Yes.

The support leg 3 is made of a circular steel pipe, and has a flange portion 31 made of a square plate in the middle. The support leg 3 is integrated with the base plate 2 at the four corners on the lower surface side of the base plate 2 so that the upper end portions are buried.

The column body 4 is made of a hollow concrete body, and is arranged between the four corners of the base 2 and the trough body 22 installed in a separated state. In the embodiment, the bottom end portion is embedded in the base 2 so that six pieces stand up. It is installed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the seaweed reef 1 formed by attaching the seaweed seedlings 5a and 5b to the skeleton structure 10. FIG. The seaweed seedlings 5a and 5b used here are ropes (not shown) in which seaweed seedlings are grown by a rope culture method on the substantially C-shaped ring-shaped support substrate (not shown). It is the form which was attached and integrated along the outer peripheral surface. In this case, different types of seaweeds are used for the seaweed seedlings 5a and 5b. That is, the seaweed seedlings 5a attached to the disc body 23a on the upper surface of the pillar 4 and the base 2 are applied with a kombu such as crane seaweed, and the seaweed seedlings 5b attached to the disc 23b on the side of the base 2 are , Honda Walla such as Yoremoku is applied. The seaweed seedlings 5a and 5b having such a configuration are mounted on the column body 4 or the like by opening the ring-shaped carrier base in which the opening between the end portions is openable and closable. Each column 4 is provided with five seaweed seedlings 5a at intervals. The operation of attaching the seaweed seedlings 5a and 5b integrated with the ring-shaped supporting base is particularly limited, such as attaching on the stern immediately before the skeletal structure is set, or performing diving in the sea after diving. Not. Note that there is no problem in binding to the circumferential surface of the column 4 or the like with a commercially available binding band or the like without using the ring-shaped carrier.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing the function of the seaweed reef 1, and shows a case where it is installed in a sandy beach area. In the seaweed reef 1 installed on the seabed in this way, the lower end side of the support leg 3 of the base 2 is in a state of being stabbed into the sand ground of the seabed, but due to the presence of the ridge part 31 projecting to the outer peripheral side of the support leg 3. No more subsidence occurs. Therefore, a space extending in the horizontal direction is formed on the lower surface side of the base 2, and this space can be used as a hiding place for seafood and a spawning place. Specifically, tuna and abalone adhere to the lower surface of the base 2 and become a spawning place for squid. Further, the seawater flowing in the horizontal direction on the lower surface of the base 2 flows from the bottom to the top through the water passage holes 21 provided in the central portion of the base 2. And the seawater which passed the water flow hole 21 rises along the column 4. Such a phenomenon of seawater flow is less influenced by the position of the seaweed seedlings 5a attached to the pillar body 4 by providing an appropriate rocking action to the alga bodies even when the seaweed seedlings 5a are densely grown. And a sufficient light environment can be secured for the seaweed seedling 5a. Moreover, since the seawater stays in the space surrounded by the pillars 4 and continues to supply fresh seawater, the state of growth of the seaweed seedlings 5a on the upper surface of the base 2 is made uniform, and the densely grown state Can be maintained for a long time. On the other hand, the seawater that has passed through the water passage hole 21 enters the inside through the opening facing inward of the trough body 22 and flows out to the outside. For this reason, since there is no accumulation of floating mud or the like inside the trough body 22 and fresh seawater circulates, the inside of the trough body 22 is also used as a habitat or a spawning place for aquatic products. Furthermore, the flow of seawater generated on the upper surface of the base 2 reduces the accumulation of floating mud and the like on the entire upper surface of the base 2, thereby helping the growth of the seaweed seedlings 5 a attached to the disk body 23 a and the pillar 4, etc. It is possible to facilitate the attachment of spores released from the substrate and to effectively use the entire surface of the substrate 2. When seaweed seedlings 5a and 5b having different properties are attached in combination as described above, with the passage of time, combs 5a are formed at the ridge corners of the outer peripheral surface of the trough body 22, while 5b tends to settle.

  In the seaweed reef 1 of the present embodiment, a pillar body 4 and a disc body 23a on the upper surface of the base plate 2 are attached with a combination 5a such as a pickled turtle, and a disc body 23b on a side surface of the base plate 2 is attached with a honda walla species 5b such as Yoremoku. Thus, the structure is suitable for the propagation of grouper and squid. In this case, the position of the flange 31 of the support leg 3 is set so that the mounting position of the Honda wallers 5b is preferably a height within 1 m from the sand, more preferably about 30 to 60 cm. By setting in this way, it can be expected that the grouper lays eggs on the hondaidae 5b, and the squid lays eggs on the lower surface of the base 2. On the other hand, other fish lay eggs on the kombu 5a that grows on the upper surface of the base 2, and serves as a breeding ground for fry. Further, tuna and abalone gather in the recess 24 provided on the side surface of the base 2, and other flounder, flounder, and prawns also gather in the seaweed reef 1. In such a seaweed reef 1, the habitat space below the base 2 formed by the support legs 3 serves as a hiding place, the seaweed place space formed on the top surface of the base 2 serves as a feeding place, and the organisms pass through the water passage holes 21. Since they can be utilized and moved between them, a very suitable growth environment for the organism is obtained, leading to an improvement in the productivity of the organism.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the skeletal structure 11 used in the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state before the seaweed seedling is attached. Here, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, a plurality of trough bodies 22 are partially stacked, and each trough body 22 is installed in the same direction around the water passage hole 21 of the base 2. According to such a structure, since there are many shaded parts and a three-dimensional structure with a complicated shape, the diversity of living creatures living here increases.

  In each of the skeleton structures of the above embodiments, the trough body and the disk body are provided on the base, but may be omitted depending on the situation of the installation location. Regarding the types of seaweed seedlings for transplantation to be introduced at the time of installation, first, the environmental conditions of the sea area are important. However, one or more species may be used in consideration of the seafood to be grown. What is necessary is just to select suitably according to the installation place, purpose, etc. of a reef.

It is a partial longitudinal section front view of the frame structure used in the 1st example of the present invention. It is a top view of the frame structure shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the seaweed reef concerning the 1st example of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the function of the seaweed reef shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the frame structure used in the 2nd example of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Algae reef, 2 ... Base, 3 ... Support, 4 ... Column, 5a, 5b ... Seaweed seedling, 10, 11 ... Skeletal structure, 21 ... Water passage, 22 ... Trough, 23a, 23b ... Disc Body, 24 ... recess, 31 ... buttocks

Claims (4)

  A plate-like base having a water passage hole penetrating in the vertical direction at the center, a plurality of support legs on the bottom surface of the base and maintaining a space between the water passage hole and the seabed, and an upper surface side of the base A seaweed reef comprising a plurality of pillars standing around a water passage hole and seaweed seedlings attached to these pillars.   2. The seaweed reef according to claim 1, wherein the base includes a plurality of trough bodies arranged radially with respect to the water passage hole in a state where the base is lying between the pillars on the upper surface thereof.   The base includes a plurality of disc bodies on each of an upper surface and a side surface thereof, and different types of seaweed seedlings are attached between the disc body installed on at least the side surface and the pillar body. The seaweed reef as described in 1 or 2.   4. The seaweed reef according to claim 3, wherein the seaweed seedling of the pillar body is a kombu, and the seaweed seedling of the disc body on the side surface is a watermelon.

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