JP4606665B2 - Road construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a road construction method that assumes the construction of an underground structure below a vehicle traveling road or road such as a tram or railroad track.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Currently, automobiles, buses, and railroads are the main players in Japan's transportation, but in recent years, streetcars have been newly developed for the purpose of dealing with environmental problems and reducing construction costs mainly in overseas countries. It is attracting attention in the form of trains. The LRT is a development of the conventional tram, which is the same as the tram in that it travels on the street, but it is based on a dedicated track that is separate from the roadway. Compared with the tram, performance such as running speed and acceleration / deceleration is comparable. It has improved greatly.
[0003]
On the other hand, many structures such as water and sewage systems, gas, power, communications, subways, underground passages, common grooves, underground passages, underground parking lots, underground bicycle parking lots exist or are planned, In recent years, it has been promoted to embed underground transmission lines and telephone lines and to store various facilities in common grooves for the purpose of improving urban landscape. In addition, even underground structures that have been installed and constructed once need to be repaired due to deterioration and reinforced according to their purpose.
[0004]
Under the roads where trams such as trams and LRTs are laid, and underground roads (under water and sewage, gas, electric power, communications, subways, underground passages, common grooves, underground passages, underground parking lots, When an underground bicycle parking lot is newly established or repaired, it is socially required to construct an underground structure without obstructing traffic such as trams, LRTs, and automobiles.
[0005]
21 to 25 show an example of a conventional construction method for constructing this underground structure. In FIG. 21, 1 is a vehicle such as a tram or LRT, 2 is a road pavement made of asphalt, etc. As the track 1, a sleeper 3 is installed on the lower surface of the pavement 2, and a rail 4 is laid on the sleeper 3.
[0006]
In this way, with respect to the road where the track of the vehicle 1 is laid on the pavement 2, the underground structure 5 (waterworks, gas, power, communication, subway, underpass, common ditch, underground passage) , Underground parking lots, underground bicycle parking lots, etc.) As a first step, as shown in FIG. 22, the pavement portions 2 on both outer sides are partially excavated and removed along the rails 4 as shown in FIG. The temporary pile 6 is installed below via This temporary pile 6 may also be used as a retaining wall.
[0007]
Next, as shown in FIG. 23, as a second step, the pavement 2 between the rails 4 is further removed sequentially in the longitudinal direction of the track, and the sleepers 3, the crushed stone bed, etc. are removed, and then the lower part thereof is removed. Sediment excavation is performed, and then a girder steel material 7 is attached to the opposing surface side of the opposing temporary support pile 6, the end of the through beam 8 is inserted into the girder steel material 7, and the through girder 8 is inserted between the girder steel materials 7. Erection. Here, the rail 4 is replaced and the rail 4 is fixed. This series of steps (second step) is sequentially repeated in the longitudinal direction.
[0008]
Next, as shown in FIG. 24, as a third step, the inner internal earth and sand surrounded by the girder steel material 7 and the through girder 8 is excavated, and the underground structure 5 is constructed or repaired and installed. In this case, earthing is further performed as necessary, and a temporary lining plate 9 is installed.
[0009]
When the construction of the underground structure 5 is completed as described above, the backfill 10 is performed as shown in FIG. 25 as the fourth step, and the girder steel 7 and the through girder 8 are sequentially removed in the longitudinal direction of the track. Then, the sleepers 3 are installed again, and the rails 4 are fixed. Then, the temporary support pile 6 is pulled out, and finally the pavement 11 is applied to the road surface and restored.
[0010]
In all the steps from the first step to the fourth step, the first and third steps are often performed by stopping the traveling of the vehicle 1 such as a tram, and the second and fourth steps are performed by the vehicle. The operation is to stop the traveling of No. 1.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When an underground structure is to be constructed under a road on which a track such as a tram or LRT is laid, the rail prior to the internal excavation shown in FIG. It takes a lot of construction work (construction cost, process) for the replacement work. For this reason, the rail replacement work while maintaining the route business must complete the temporary restoration within a very limited time with the stoppage of power at night. This is construction work, which has led to an increase in construction period and cost.
[0012]
In addition, this replacement work cannot be avoided if it is impossible or difficult to shift the rail position to the side during construction of the underground structure due to some restrictions (such as narrow road width).
[0013]
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconveniences of the conventional example, and to replace an underground structure when an underground structure is to be constructed under a road on which a track such as a tram or LRT is laid. Construction work can be simplified and the construction work of the underground structure can be reduced, and there is little influence on the running of the vehicle. When the track of the vehicle is laid, the construction of the underground structure is planned directly under the track. It is to provide a road construction method that is particularly effective in cases.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a precast floor slab that is embedded in the same plane as a road pavement made of asphalt or the like, and has a groove for laying rails. Formed on the upper surface of the main body, along the length direction, a plurality of insert-type nuts or bolt nuts are embedded at appropriate intervals as a connection portion with a later-described provisional pile, and on the end surface of the main body The right and left sides of the length direction of the main body include a projecting pin for aligning the position with the other main body that is sequentially coupled in the length direction and a hole into which the projecting pin projecting from the other main body is inserted. which was provided by positioning more, when drilling under the road surface, which is constituted by the rigid slab is provisionally受杭connected by bolts insert method or bolt threaded assembly on both sides of the rigid slab The load is supported by the rigid floor slab and the support pile. Excavate the inner sediments surrounded by temporary piles and rigid floor slabs to construct or repair or install the underground structure. The gist is to remove the receiving pile from the connecting portion with the rigid floor slab and pull out the temporary receiving pile.
[0015]
(Delete)
[0016]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the road surface is composed of a rigid floor slab, when excavating below the road surface, it is necessary to remove the pavement, sleepers, crushed stone bed, etc. of the road surface as in the past. There is no need to remove only the pavement at the position of the provisional pile, and the rail replacement work can be simplified, and the provisional pile can be installed almost as it is. Therefore, not only is it easy to complete temporary restoration within a very limited time with the stoppage of power at night, but the rail position can be changed horizontally when excavating below the road surface due to some restrictions (such as narrow road width). Construction is possible even when it is impossible or difficult to shift, and it is possible to reduce construction labor, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs.
[0017]
In addition to the above-described operation, the rigid floor slab is made of precast, so that the manufacture is easy and the quality can be secured, and it is only necessary to connect the rigid floor slab on the site and the workability is good.
[0018]
(Delete)
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a road construction method according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 4 are process diagrams showing a first process to a third process of the road construction method. The same components as those in the conventional example shown in FIG. 25 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0020]
In the present invention, the road bed on the traveling road on which the vehicle 1 such as a tram or LRT travels is constituted by the rigid floor slab 12. The rigid floor slab 12 is embedded on the same surface as the road pavement 2 made of asphalt or the like. As an example of a basic type, a precast floor slab manufactured by a factory is used as shown in FIG. The material in this case can be, for example, PC (prestressed concrete), RC (reinforced concrete), ST (steel), composite structure (steel + concrete), SRC (steel reinforced concrete), and the like.
[0021]
The rigid floor slab 12 of the type shown in FIG. 5 has a track of a single wire type, and two grooves 14 for laying the rail 4 are formed on the upper surface of the main body 13, and its side portions along the length direction. In addition, a plurality (two in the illustrated example) of connecting insert nuts 15 are embedded at appropriate intervals as connecting portions with the temporary support piles 6.
[0022]
Further, a projecting pin 16 for positioning the coupling with the other main body 13 sequentially coupled in the length direction and the projecting pin 16 projecting from the other main body 13 are inserted into the end surface of the main body 13. The holes 17 are provided so as to be located on both the left and right sides in the length direction of the main body 13. This means (structure) for alignment shows an example, and other methods may be used.
[0023]
The type shown in FIG. 6 is a double-track type track, and the basic structure is the same as the single-wire type shown in FIG. 5, but there are four grooves 14 for laying the rail 4 formed on the upper surface of the main body 13. It becomes an article. Further, the interval between the insertion-type nuts 15 for connection formed in the lengthwise direction on the side portion is also smaller than that of the single wire type, and three are embedded in the main body 13 having the same length. This number is set according to the required strength.
[0024]
(Delete)
[0025]
7 and 8 show the connecting portion structure with the temporary pile 6, and the type shown in FIG. 7 is the same flat (smooth) type as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. The insert-type nut 15 is embedded so that the head is flush with the side of the main body 13 without protruding. The type shown in FIG. 8 is a protruding type in which a U-shaped connecting metal fitting 15a is protruded.
[0026]
Next, immediately below the location where the rigid floor slab 12 having the flat type connecting insert type nut 15 shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. The case of constructing gas, electric power, communication, subway, underground passage, common ditch, underground passage, underground parking lot, underground bicycle parking, etc. will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0027]
As a 1st process, as shown in FIG. 2, only the pavement part 2 of the installation position of the provisional pile 6 is partially removed, and the provisional pile 6 is inserted and installed in the ground through the removal part. The provisional pile 6 is fixed by connecting the provisional pile 6 to a connecting portion on the side of the rigid floor slab 12. The work in the first step can be performed without stopping the power supply if the safety of traveling of the vehicle 1 can be ensured.
[0028]
When the rigid slab 12 and the temporary pile 6 are connected by the insert type nut 15 shown in FIG. 7, the side of the temporary pile 6 is brought into contact with the insert type nut 15 to form the temporary pile 6. The bolt hole thus fitted is matched with the insert-type nut 15, and both are coupled by bolts and nuts.
[0029]
The temporary pile 6 is made of, for example, H-shaped steel. As a method of dealing with the construction error of the joint between the insert nut 15 and the temporary pile 6, for example, as shown in FIG. For the separation from 6, an adjustment plate or an adjustment piece 18 having a square cross section as shown in the figure is used. This adjustment piece 18 has a bolt hole drilled in the joint surface with the rigid floor slab 12 and the opposite surface. If it is connected to the insert nut 15 with a bolt, the adjustment piece 18 is in this state. Projects laterally from the 12 sides.
[0030]
Accordingly, the provisional pile 6 made of H-shaped steel is connected to the outer surface of the protruding adjustment piece 18 by the bolt and nut 19. Similarly, the adjustment piece 18 is connected to the other insert-type nut 15, and the provisional pile 6 made of H-shaped steel is connected to the adjustment piece 18.
[0031]
Then, for example, a wooden sheet pile 20 is inserted between adjacent temporary piles 6 made of H-shaped steel, and earthed with the sheet pile 20.
[0032]
Also, for construction errors due to hole misalignment between the insert-type nut 15 and the temporary support pile 6, a bolt hole formed in the adjustment piece 18 or the temporary support pile 6 is formed in a fool hole, and a large washer is used at the time of connection. To deal with this. In this case, since the bolt for connection is inserted into the insert type nut 15 only in a straight surface, the adjustment piece 18 is an effective construction error absorbing means for hole misalignment.
[0033]
In the case of FIG. 9 described above, the temporary pile 6 is made of H-shaped steel, and a wooden sheet pile 20 is combined with this to form a retaining wall. However, as shown in FIG. Further, the steel sheet pile 21 may be provided with the functions of a temporary pile and a retaining wall by being connected to an embedded nut 15. In this case as well, an adjustment piece is used to adjust the separation between the rigid floor slab 12 and the steel sheet pile 21 and the hole displacement.
[0034]
As a connecting part structure between the rigid floor slab 12 and the temporary support pile 6, in the protruding type in which a U-shaped connection fitting 15a shown in FIG. 8 is protruded, the temporary support pile 6 is brought into contact with the outer surface of the connection fitting 15a. The temporary support pile 6 is connected with a bolt nut through a bolt hole formed in the outer surface of the metal fitting 15a.
[0035]
As a method of dealing with the construction error in this projecting type, it is not a bolt insert method but a bolt nut method compared to the flat type described above, so if a taper washer is used, a slight diagonal fastening of the bolt becomes possible. . It is to be noted that an adjustment plate or the like is used for the separation, and a hole and a large washer are used for the hole displacement, and an adjustment piece is often not required as compared with the flat type. On the other hand, since the connecting fitting 15a is projected in advance on the rigid floor slab 12, the removal volume of the pavement 2 is increased.
[0036]
In the above-described example, the side portion of the main body 13 of the rigid floor slab 12 is formed into a flat surface, and the temporary support pile 6 is connected to the outside of the flat surface. However, as shown in FIGS. Can be provided with an installation guide for the temporary support pile 6. As a first example of this type of rigid floor slab 12, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a planar U-shaped cutting in which a temporary pile 6 made of H-shaped steel or the like is accommodated in a connecting portion with the temporary pile 6 A notch 22 was formed.
[0037]
In the figure, reference numeral 23 denotes an elongated plate for connecting a provisional pile that closes the opening of the notch recess 22 after the provisional pile 6 is set in the notch recess 22. Bolt holes 23a for fixing the bolts are formed. In the figure, reference numeral 24 denotes an insert for fixing the plate 23, which is formed on both sides of the opening and formed on the side of the main body 13.
[0038]
In order to connect the temporary pile 6 made of H-shaped steel or the like to the rigid floor slab 12 provided with the notched recess 22, the temporary pile 6 is set in the notched concave 22 and then the side surface of the rigid floor slab 12 is provided. The plate 23 is brought into contact with the opening 23 to close the opening, and the plate 23 is fixed to the insert 24 with bolts, and the side portion of the temporary pile 6 is fixed to the plate 23 through bolt holes 23a using bolts and nuts 19. To do. Thereby, the temporary pile 6 is connected to the rigid floor slab 12.
[0039]
FIGS. 13 and 14 show a second example of a rigid floor slab 12 with an installation guide. A plate 25 having a bolt hole 25a is formed on the side of the main body 13 of the rigid floor slab 12, and the rigid floor slab 12 is provided. It is embedded in advance at the time of molding. In this case, after inserting the provisional pile 6 made of H-shaped steel or the like into the notch recess 22 from above, the plate 25 is connected to the plate 25 through the bolt hole 25a using the bolt / nut 19 as in the first example. The side part of the temporary pile 6 is fixed to. Thereby, the temporary pile 6 is connected to the rigid floor slab 12.
[0040]
If the rigid floor slab 12 with this installation guide is used, the installation position of the temporary support pile 6 is indicated by the notch recess 22. The temporary pile 6 is installed at the coupling position, and positioning of the temporary pile 6 on the side portion of the rigid floor slab 12 becomes easy.
[0041]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3 as a second step, the inner soil and sand inside the temporary pile 6 and the rigid floor slab 12 are excavated, and the underground structure 5 (waterworks, gas, power, communication, subway, Build, repair, or install underpasses, common grooves, underground walkways, underground parking lots, underground bicycle parking lots, etc. In this case, earthing is further performed as necessary. In many cases, this process is a key stop operation, but the replacement of the rail 4 can be simplified and the construction period can be shortened.
[0042]
Also, when excavating the lower part, the load bearing capacity of the rigid floor slab 12 that is the road bed of the rail 4 is the train load, automobile load, and floor slab load in the lateral direction (and longitudinal direction) connecting the temporary piles 6. To support.
[0043]
When the construction of the underground structure 5 is completed as described above, the backfill 10 is performed as shown in FIG. 4 as the third step, and the temporary support pile 6 is removed from the connecting portion with the rigid floor slab 12, Pull the receiving pile 6 and finally pave the road surface 11 and restore it. This process is a key stop operation. The above-described embodiment is a case where the rigid floor slab 12 is a precast floor slab, but it can also be constructed by on-site cast concrete, and the process in that case is the same as the precast floor slab.
[0044]
FIGS. 15-20 show the structure of the groove 14 for laying the rail 4 provided on the upper surface of the rigid floor slab 12, and a first example will be described with reference to FIGS. The fastening method of the rail 4 may be a leaf spring method, a wire spring method, or the like. Here, a case where the leaf spring method is employed will be described. This first example is a case where the width of the groove 14 is formed to be somewhat large. The groove 14 is widened along the length direction on both sides of the bottom portion, and is formed in the widened portion 14a.
[0045]
Then, one side (left side in the illustrated example) of the leg portions 4a extending on both sides of the rail 4 is inserted into the widened portion 14a so as to be brought to one side of the groove 14 and the groove 14 The rail 4 is disposed with a cushioning material 26 interposed therebetween.
[0046]
A leaf spring type rail fastening bracket 27 is disposed in the remaining space on the right side of the groove 14, and the leg portion 4 a on the right side of the rail 4 is pressed and fixed by the rail fastening bracket 27. In the figure, reference numeral 29 denotes an insert type nut for fixing the rail fastening bracket 27 to the groove 14, and a spiral line 28 is disposed around the insert type nut 29. In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a contact steel plate interposed between the rail fastening bracket 27 and the insert type nut 29.
[0047]
17 and 18 show a second example of the structure of the groove 14 and the basic structure is the same as that of the first example, but the width of the groove 14 is narrow so that only the head of the rail 4 is exposed. The main body 13 on one side of the groove 14 was widened in a square shape by the box opening 31 only at the place where the rail fastening bracket 27 was disposed, and the rail fastening bracket 27 was installed here. The structure and fastening method of the rail fastening bracket 27 are the same as in the first example.
[0048]
19 and 20 show a third example of the structure of the groove 14 and the basic structure is the same as that of the second example. However, the rail fastening bracket 27 is installed on both the left and right sides of the rail 4, and it is made to correspond to this. Then, the groove 14 at the location where the rail fastening bracket 27 is installed was widened to a square by the box opening 31.
[0049]
The present invention includes the groove 14 and the rail fastening means having such a structure, and the rail 4 can be laid and replaced on the rigid floor slab 12 easily in a short time.
[0050]
And when the construction of underground structures is planned in the future when the track is laid, the future rail replacement work can be done by building the road bed of the rail 4 with the rigid floor slab 12 Can be simplified.
[0051]
The present invention is also effective for general motorways other than during construction of streetcars and LRTs. For example, at the time of re-paving the road surface, the existing underground structure is deteriorated due to aging or scale expansion. It can also be carried out if repair, reinforcement or re-installation is planned.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the road construction method of the present invention constructs and repairs underground structures by placing them directly under the track, such as under the roads where trams, LRTs, etc. are laid or under the roads of motorways. When trying to do so, the load carrying capacity is assumed to be a rigid floor slab, and this load-bearing force supports the train load, automobile load, and slab load in the lateral direction (and longitudinal direction) connecting the temporary support piles 6. The construction can be simplified and the streetcars can be operated while they are in operation, and the impact on traffic can be minimized. In addition, the amount of necessary construction materials and waste materials (removal materials such as pavement) can be drastically reduced, which can contribute to environmental conservation and reduce the total construction cost from track laying to construction of underground structures. It can be done. Furthermore, LCC (life cycle cost) including repair can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a road construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a first step showing an embodiment of a road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a second step showing an embodiment of the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a third step showing an embodiment of the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a single-wire type rigid floor slab used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a double track type rigid floor slab used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a rigid floor slab having a flat type connecting portion used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a rigid floor slab having a protruding type connecting portion used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a first example of a connection example of a road construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a second example of the connection example of the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a first example of a rigid floor slab having a guide-type connecting portion used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a plan view of a first example of a rigid floor slab having a guide-type connecting portion used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a second example of a rigid floor slab having a guide-type connecting portion used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a second example of a rigid floor slab having a guide-type connecting portion used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a first example of a groove for laying a rail of a rigid floor slab used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a longitudinal front view showing a first example of a groove for laying a rail of a rigid floor slab used in a road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a second example of a groove for laying a rail of a rigid floor slab used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a longitudinal front view showing a second example of the groove for laying the rail of the rigid floor slab used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a third example of a groove for laying a rail of a rigid floor slab used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a longitudinal front view showing a third example of a groove for laying a rail of a rigid floor slab used in the road construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing a conventional road construction method.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a first step of a conventional road construction method.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram of a second step of the conventional road construction method.
FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of a third step of the conventional roadside construction method.
FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of a fourth step of the conventional road construction method.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle 2 ... Pavement part 3 ... Sleeper 4 ... Rail 4a ... Leg part 5 ... Underground structure 6 ... Temporary pile 7 ... Girder receiving steel material 8 ... Through girder 9 ... Temporary lining board 10 ... Backfill
11 ... Pavement 12 ... Rigid floor slab
13 ... Body 14 ... Groove
14a ... Widening part
15 ... Insert type nut 15a ... Connecting bracket
16 ... protruding pin
17 ... hole 18 ... adjustment piece
19 ... Bolt / Nut 20 ... Sheet
21… Steel sheet pile 22… Notch recess
23 ... Plate 23a ... Bolt hole
24… Insert 25… Plate
25a ... Bolt hole 26 ... Buffer material
27 ... Rail fastening bracket 28 ... Spiral muscle
29 ... Insert type nut 30 ... Steel plate
31 ... unboxing

Claims (1)

The rigid floor slab is embedded on the same surface as the road pavement made of asphalt, etc., and is a factory-prepared precast floor slab. Grooves for laying rails are formed on the upper surface of the main body, and the length direction Accordingly, a plurality of connecting insert-type nuts or bolt nuts are embedded at appropriate intervals as connecting portions to a later-described temporary receiving pile on the side portion, and are sequentially coupled to the end surface of the main body in the length direction. Protruding pins for alignment of the coupling with other main body and holes into which the protruding pins protruding from the other main body are inserted are positioned from both the left and right sides in the length direction of the main body, When excavating below the road surface composed of this rigid floor slab, a temporary support pile is connected to both sides of the rigid floor slab using a bolt insert method or a bolt and nut method, and a load is applied between the rigid floor slab and the temporary support pile. Supporting the inner side surrounded by temporary piles and rigid slabs Excavate the inner earth and sand, build or repair and install the underground structure, and when the construction of the underground structure is completed, perform backfilling, and remove the temporary pile from the joint with the rigid floor slab, A road construction method characterized by pulling out a temporary pile.

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