JP4600626B2 - Cutter bit changer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cutter bit exchanging device for a shield machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an example of a cutter bit exchanging device for a shield machine, there is an invention described in JP-A-2001-040993.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view in the axial direction of a shield machine equipped with the cutter bit exchanging device shown in the same number, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
In the figure, 32 is a cylindrical frame constituting the outer shell of the shield machine 31, and a bulkhead 33 is provided slightly inside the opening on the face side. Reference numeral 34 denotes a rotary drive device that has a hydraulic motor or the like and is attached to the inside of the bulkhead 33. A cutter shaft 36 that protrudes toward the face is sealed by an earth and sand seal 35 provided on the bulkhead 33. A cutter pork 37 is attached to 36.
[0003]
The cutter pork 37 is linearly provided with a plurality of cylindrical cutter holders 38 (hereinafter referred to as cutter holder rows) from the outer periphery toward the center, and the cutter holder rows are radially arranged at substantially equal intervals ( The figure shows the case of three rows). In each cutter holder 38, a cutter bit 41 having a cylindrical shape and having a cutter at the tip is detachably mounted. Reference numeral 39 denotes a pin hole provided in the cutter holder 38 so as to oppose, and reference numeral 40 denotes a seal member.
[0004]
In the cutter bit 41, reference numeral 42 denotes a lock mechanism provided inside, which is composed of a pair of lock pins 43 and a spring 44 interposed between the lock pins 43. The hydraulic chamber 45 filled with hydraulic oil, the cylinder 46 connected to the hydraulic chamber 45, and a connecting portion 47 having a connecting hole 48 provided on the rear side, are accommodated in the cylinder 46 and are T-shaped pistons. The rod 49 is configured to be slidably inserted into the connecting hole 48 of the connecting portion 47.
[0005]
When the cutter bit 41 provided with the lock mechanism 42 as described above is mounted in the cutter holder 38, the lock pin 43 is urged outward by the spring 44 and is fitted into the pin hole 39 of the cutter holder 38, so that the cutter The bit 41 is locked in that position, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber 45 moves the pinstone 49 in the cylinder 46 to the connecting portion 47 side.
[0006]
In order to replace the cutter bit 41, when the tip of a bit replacement bar, which will be described later, is inserted into the connecting hole 48 of the connecting portion 47, the rod of the piston 49 is pressed to move in the cylinder 46. As a result, the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 45 rises, the lock pin 43 is pushed back toward the center against the spring 44, and the lock pin 43 is released from the pin hole 39 to release the lock. As a result, the cutter bit 41 becomes free in the cutter holder 38.
[0007]
55 is a box-shaped guide having a quadrangular cross section and opened at the front and rear, which is installed in the opening 33 a of the bulkhead 33, above the cutter shaft 36, and 56 is a guide 55 slidably disposed in the guide 55. A slide box 60 having substantially the same shape as 60 is a drive device that includes, for example, a fluid pressure jack and slides the slide box 56 back and forth along the guide 55.
[0008]
A flange 57 having an earth and sand seal 58 is provided at the face side opening of the slide box 56, and a lid 59 inserted from the rear side opening is fixed to the flange 57 with a bolt. The opening 33a of 33 is closed.
As shown in FIG. 9, the slide box 56 is set to a size that can accommodate all the cutter bits 41 of each cutter holder row.
[0009]
An example of the driving device 60 of the slide box 56 is shown in FIG. Reference numeral 61 denotes a reaction force bracket attached to the side wall of the guide 55 by welding, screws, or the like. For example, a fluid pressure jack 62 is attached to the reaction force bracket 61, and an operating rod 63 of the fluid pressure jack 62 is a slide box 56. It is connected to. Reference numeral 64 denotes a control unit of the fluid pressure jack 62.
[0010]
According to the drive device 60 configured as described above, the slide box 56 can be slid along the guide 55 by moving the operating rod 63 forward or backward by the control unit 64.
Reference numeral 71 denotes a kneading blade 72 disposed in the excavation chamber 70, an agitator attached to the bulkhead 33, 73 a mud feed pipe for discharging excavated mud to the outside, and 74 a manhole provided in the cutspoke 37. , 75 are water stop valves.
[0011]
Next, an example of a procedure for exchanging the cutter bit 41 according to the related art configured as described above will be described.
(1) The cutter pork 37 is rotated so that the cutter bit 41 to be replaced is positioned on the front surface of the slide box 56.
[0012]
(2) As shown in FIG. 11, the slide box 56 is advanced along the guide 55 by the driving device 60, and the flange 57 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the cutter pork 37.
(3) In this state, as shown in FIG. 12, the lid body 59 is removed from the flange 57 of the slide box 56, and the flange 57 is pressure-bonded to the cutter pork 37. At this time, since the earth and sand seal 58 is provided on the flange 57, the earth and sand do not enter the machine.
[0013]
(4) Next, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a closed water stop valve 75 is inserted into the slide box 56, and its front end portion is aligned with and abutted against the cutter bit 41, and its flange 76. Is fixed to the inner surface of the cutter pork 37 with a bolt. The inner diameter of the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75 is formed to be approximately equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cutter bit 41.
[0014]
(5) Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the bit replacement bar 80 is inserted into the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75 to the position of the seal member 78 to open the water stop valve 75.
Then, the bit replacement bar 80 is pushed into the water channel 77, and as shown in FIG. 15, the tip end portion is inserted into the connection hole 48 of the connection portion 47 of the cutter bit 41 and rotated by 90 °. Stop.
(6) Thereby, since the piston 49 is pushed into the cylinder 46, the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 45 rises, the lock pin 43 is retracted against the urging force of the spring 44, and is released from the pin hole 39. unlock.
[0015]
(7) Next, as shown in FIG. 16, when the bit exchange bar 80 is moved backward, the cutter bit 41 moves in the water passage 77 together with the bit exchange bar 80 and is pulled out. The water stop valve 75 is closed when the cutter bit 41 passes.
When the cutter bit 41 is pulled out from the water stop valve 75, the bit replacement bar 80 is turned 90 ° in the opposite direction and is removed from the cutter bit 41.
[0016]
(8) Next, in order to mount the replaced new cutter bit 41 to the cutter holder 38, the procedure is substantially the reverse of the above-described extraction of the cutter bit 11.
That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the cutter bit 41 locked to the tip end portion of the bit replacement bar 80 is inserted into the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75 in the closed state up to the position of the seal member 78 and stopped. The water valve 75 is opened.
[0017]
(9) Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the bit replacement bar 80 is pushed into the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75, and the cutter bit 41 is inserted into a predetermined position in the cutter holder 38.
Then, the bit replacement bar 80 is rotated 90 ° in the opposite direction to release the engagement with the connecting portion 47, and the bit replacement bar 80 is pulled out from the water stop valve 75 as shown in FIG. 75 is closed.
[0018]
As a result, the pinstone 49 of the lock mechanism 42 moves to the connecting portion 47 side, and the lock pin 43 is urged forward by the spring 44 as the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 45 decreases, and enters the pin hole 39 of the cutter holder 38. Insert and lock the cutter bit 41 in its position.
[0019]
(10) Next, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 12, the bolt of the flange 76 is removed and the water stop valve 75 is taken out from the slide box 56.
(11) Also, the lid 59 is fixed to the flange 57 of the slide box 56 that is pressure-bonded to the cutter pork 37 with a bolt, and the opening is closed.
(12) When the slide box 56 is moved back to the position of the bulkhead 33 by the driving device 60, the exchange of the cutter bit 41 is completed.
[0020]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the following problems remain in the above prior art.
First, the front surface of the slide box 56 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the cutter pork 37. In such a structure, when the mutual abutting surfaces are distorted, a gap is generated, There is a risk of earth and sand entering through the gap.
Further, since the lock pin 33 for locking the cutter bit 41 is structured to be engaged with the cutter holder 38 in the cutter pork 37, the lock mechanism is complicated, and a bit replacement bar having a hydraulic mechanism for releasing the lock mechanism is provided. 80 is required, and since it is a work with such a tool, it takes time and effort.
[0021]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a cutter bit exchanging device for a shield machine capable of ensuring the seal at the time of exchanging and easily exchanging the cutter bit. It is.
[0022]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The cutter bit exchanging device according to the present invention is a cutter bit exchange from the inside of the machine by moving a slide box provided on the bulkhead side of the shield machine to the cutter pork side and communicating between the slide box and the cutter pork. in the cutter bit changer that enables, on the front side of the slide box, the cut can be fitted recessed portion provided in the task pork, provided the cylindrical portion cutter bits are inserted into the cutter spokes, said A portion where the rear end side of the cylindrical portion protrudes rearward from the back surface of the cutter pork, and the locking portion of the cutter bit is provided in the protruding portion, and the cylindrical portion on the back surface side of the cutter pork is disposed. Is recessed toward the front, and a detachable lid for covering the tubular portion is provided in the recessed portion .
[0023]
Further, the fitting portion between the cutter pork and the slide box is tapered.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1A and 1B are explanatory views of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1A. The configuration other than the main part of the embodiment described below, for example, the configuration of the shield machine is the same as that described in the section of the related art.
The cutter bit exchanging apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a cutter pork 1 radially arranged on a cutter head, a plurality of cutter holders 3 installed in the axial direction of the cutter pork 1 to store the cutter bits 7, and the cutter pork 1. A spoke cover 13 to be covered and a slide cover 14 to slide toward the cutter spoke 1 side are provided.
[0027]
The cutter pork 1 has a tapered shape that is reduced in width toward the rear, and a portion of the rear surface where the cutter holder 3 is installed is recessed forward. Therefore, the rear end portion of the cutter holder 3 is exposed outside the cutter pork 1. A flange portion 5 is provided at the rear end portion of the cutter holder 3.
[0028]
A cutter bit 7 is inserted and installed in the cutter holder 3, and a lock pin 9 for locking the cutter bit 7 is disposed at the rear end of the cutter holder 3, that is, at an exposed portion protruding from the cutter pork 1.
And, since the lock pin 9 is exposed, it is not necessary to attach and remove it remotely as in the conventional case, and it is not necessary to make the lock mechanism a complicated structure as in the past, and it can be simply inserted. It has a simple structure.
[0029]
A groove-shaped spoke cover 13 is installed in the recessed portion 11 of the cutter spoke 1 so as to cover the rear end portion of the cutter holder 3. The spoke cover 13 is bolted to the flange 5 at the rear end of the cutter holder 3.
[0030]
The slide box 14 has a recessed portion 15 whose front side is recessed backward. The recessed portion 15 has a shape that can be fitted into the katspoke 1, and has a taper that widens toward the front. A seal member 17 is provided on the side surface of the recessed portion 15. In addition, a notch portion 19 is formed in the recessed portion 15, and flange portions 20 are formed at both ends of the notch portion 19.
[0031]
A groove-shaped lid body 21 is attached to the cutout portion 19 of the slide box 14, and outward flange portions 23 are formed at both ends of the lid body 21. A flange provided at the end of the cutout portion 19. Bolts can be joined to the portion 20. In addition, a sealing member is installed in either one of the flange portion 20 or the flange portion 23 to ensure sealing at the time of joining between the two.
[0032]
2 to 6 are explanatory views of the operation when the cutter bit of the present embodiment configured as described above is exchanged. In each figure, (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a diagram of (a). It is A sectional drawing. Hereinafter, the replacement work process of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
(1) Rotate the cutter head to position the cutter pork 1 on which the cutter bit 7 to be replaced is installed on the front surface of the slide box 14. In this state, as shown in FIG. 2, both the spoke cover 13 and the lid 21 are attached. And since the lock pin 9 is covered with the spoke cover 13, the pin is not removed by the earth, sand, deformed or worn.
[0033]
(2) Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the slide box 14 is advanced along a guide (not shown) by a drive device (not shown) (the configuration of the device is the same as that shown in FIG. 10). The part 15 is fitted to the rear surface side of the cutter pork 1. At this time, since both the recessed portion 15 of the slide box 14 and the cutter pork 1 are tapered, even if the positions of the fitting portion are slightly shifted, the slide box 14 can be used as long as the leading ends of the fitting portions enter each other. With the forward movement, the positional deviation is corrected and fitted.
[0034]
(3) Remove the lid 21 from the slide box 14 as shown in FIG. 4 with the recessed portion 15 of the slide box 14 fitted to the rear surface side of the cutter spoke 1. When the lid 21 is removed, the spoke cover 13 can be seen from the inside of the machine through the notch 19. In this state, since the fitting portion between the slide box 14 and the cutter pork 1 is sealed by the sealing member 17, earth and sand do not enter the machine.
[0035]
(4) Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the spoke cover 13 is removed. When the spoke cover 13 is removed, the rear end portion of the cutter holder 3 is exposed, and the lock pin 9 can be removed.
(5) In this state, as shown in FIG. 6, the closed water stop valve 25 is inserted into the slide box 14, and is aligned with the cutter holder 3 in which the cutter bit 7 for replacing the tip portion is installed. The flange contacts the flange portion 5 of the cutter holder 3 with a bolt. In this state, the lock pin 9 at the rear end of the cutter holder 3 is removed. Since the lock pin 9 is exposed, this removal is very easy and the workability is very good.
[0036]
(6) Next, the bit replacement bar 26 is inserted into the water passage of the water stop valve 25 to open the water stop valve 25.
Then, the bit replacement bar 26 is pushed into the water channel, and the tip portion is locked to the cutter bit 7. If the bit exchange bar 26 is moved backward in this state, the cutter bit 7 moves in the water passage together with the bit exchange bar 26 and is pulled out. The water stop valve 25 is closed when the cutter bit 7 passes.
[0037]
(7) Next, in order to mount the replaced new cutter bit 7 in the cutter holder 3, the procedure is substantially the reverse of the above-described extraction of the cutter bit 7.
That is, the cutter bit 7 locked to the tip of the bit replacement bar 26 is inserted into the water passage of the water stop valve 25 in the closed state, and the water stop valve 25 is opened.
[0038]
(8) Next, the bit replacement bar 26 is pushed into the water passage of the water stop valve 25, and the cutter bit 7 is inserted into a predetermined position in the cutter holder 3. Then, the positions of the lock pin insertion hole provided in the cutter bit 7 and the lock pin insertion hole of the cutter holder 3 are aligned, and the lock pin 9 is inserted.
Then, the bit replacement bar 26 is rotated to disengage the cutter bit 7, the bit replacement bar 26 is pulled out from the water stop valve 25, and at the same time, the water stop valve 25 is closed.
[0039]
(9) Next, the water stop valve 25 is removed from the slide box 14, the spoke cover 13 is attached, and the lid 21 is further attached.
(10) Then, when the slide box 14 is moved back to the position of the bulkhead by a driving device (not shown), the exchange of the cutter bit 711 is completed.
[0040]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the recessed portion 15 is provided on the front end surface of the slide box 14 and is fitted to the cutter spoke 1, so that the slide box 14 and the cutter spoke 1 are in side contact. Therefore, sealing can be performed reliably.
Moreover, since the fitting part of the cutter pork 1 and the slide box 14 is tapered, both can be smoothly fitted.
Further, since the lock pin 9 for locking the cutter bit 7 is arranged at the rear end of the cutter holder 3, that is, the portion outside the cutter pork 1, there is no need to remotely attach / remove the lock pin 9 as in the prior art. The structure can be simplified and the workability is good.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the concave portion that can be fitted to the cutter spoke is provided on the front side of the slide box that slides to the cutter spoke side, and these are fitted, so that the slide box and the cutter spoke are fitted. It is possible to reliably perform the sealing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit exchange procedure according to the embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit exchange procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 1)
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit exchange procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 2)
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit exchange procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 3)
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit exchange procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 4)
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a front end portion of a conventional shield machine.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a cutter bit and a slide box in a conventional example.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a drive device for a slide box in a conventional example.
FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a conventional example.
FIG. 16 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Cutter pork 3 Cutter holder (cylindrical part)
9 Lock pin 11 Recessed portion of the cutter pork 13 Spoke cover 14 Slide cover 15 Recessed portion

Claims (2)

In the cutter bit exchanging device that enables the cutter bit exchange from the inside of the machine by moving the slide box provided on the bulkhead side of the shield machine to the cutter pork side and communicating between the slide box and the cutter pork,
On the front side of the slide box, it can be fitted recessed portion provided in the cut task pork,
Provide a cylindrical portion through which the cutter bit is inserted into the cutter pork,
The rear end side of the cylindrical portion protrudes rearward from the back surface of the cutter pork, and the locking mechanism for the cutter bit is provided in the protruding portion.
A cutter bit characterized in that a portion where the tubular portion on the back side of the cutter pork is disposed is recessed forward, and a detachable lid for covering the tubular portion is provided in the recessed portion. Exchange equipment.   2. The cutter bit exchanging device according to claim 1, wherein a fitting portion between the cutter pork and the slide box is tapered.

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