JP2002332794A - Cutter bit replacing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutter bit replacing device for a shield machine that can easily replace a cutter bit while ensuring sealing during replacement. SOLUTION: This cutter bit replacing device can replace the cutter bit from the inside of the shield machine by moving a slide box 14 provided on the bulkhead side of the shield machine, onto the cutter spoke 1 side and communicating the slide box 14 with the cutter spoke 1. The front side of the slide box 14 is provided with a recessed part 5 fittable to the cutter spoke 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a cutter bit exchanging device for a shield machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of a cutter bit exchanging device of a shield machine, there is an invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-040993. FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view of the shield machine equipped with the cutter bit changing device shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 7. In the figure, reference numeral 32 denotes a cylindrical frame constituting the outer shell of the shield machine 31.
A bulkhead 33 is provided slightly inside the opening on the face side. Numeral 34 denotes a rotary drive unit having a hydraulic motor and the like, which is mounted inside the bulkhead 33. A cutter shaft 36 protruding toward the face is sealed by an earth and sand seal 35 provided on the bulkhead 33. 36
Is fitted with a cut-spoke 37.

A plurality of cylindrical cutter holders 38 are linearly provided on the cutter spoke 37 from the outer periphery toward the center (hereinafter referred to as a cutter holder row), and the cutter holder rows are radially arranged at substantially equal intervals. A plurality of rows (three rows are shown in the figure) are provided. In each of the cutter holders 38, a cutter bit 41 having a cylindrical shape and having a cutter at a distal end portion is detachably mounted. 3
9 is a pin hole provided in the cutter holder 38 facing the
0 is a sealing member.

In the cutter bit 41, reference numeral 42 denotes a lock mechanism provided inside, which comprises a pair of lock pins 43 and a spring 44 interposed between the lock pins 43, and the lock pins 43 are inserted and retracted freely. , A hydraulic chamber 45 filled with hydraulic oil, and a cylinder 4 connected to the hydraulic chamber 45
6, and a connecting portion 47 having a connecting hole 48 provided on the rear side. The rod of the T-shaped piston 49 housed in the cylinder 46 is slidably inserted into the connecting hole 48 of the connecting portion 47. It is configured to receive.

When the cutter bit 41 having the above-described lock mechanism 42 is mounted in the cutter holder 38, the lock pin 43 is urged outward by a spring 44 to fit into the pin hole 39 of the cutter holder 38. Then, the cutter bit 41 is locked at that position, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber 45 moves the pinstone 49 in the cylinder 46 to the connecting portion 47 side.

In order to replace the cutter bit 41, the tip of a bit replacement bar to be described later is connected to a connection hole 48 of the connection portion 47.
When inserted into the cylinder, the rod of the piston 49 is pressed and moves in the cylinder 46. As a result, the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 45 rises, and the lock pin 43 is pushed back toward the center portion against the spring 44 to be released from the pin hole 39 to release the lock. As a result, the cutter bit 41 is free in the cutter holder 38.

A box-shaped guide 55 is provided above the cutter shaft 36 at the opening 33a of the bulkhead 33 and has a rectangular cross section and has front and rear openings. A guide 56 is slidably disposed in the guide 55. A slide box 60 having substantially the same shape as that of the guide 55 is a drive device that is made of, for example, a fluid pressure jack and slides the slide box 56 back and forth along the guide 55.

A flange 57 having an earth and sand seal 58 is provided at the face side opening of the slide box 56, and a lid 59 inserted from the rear side opening is fixed to the flange 57 by bolts, and is always fixed. Closes the opening 33a of the bulkhead 33. As shown in FIG. 9, the slide box 56 is set to have a size that can accommodate all the cutter bits 41 of each cutter holder row.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a driving device 60 for the slide box 56. As shown in FIG. Reference numeral 61 denotes a reaction force bracket attached to the side wall of the guide 55 by welding, screws, or the like. The reaction force bracket 61 has, for example, a fluid pressure jack 62 attached thereto. It is connected to. Reference numeral 64 denotes a control unit of the hydraulic jack 62.

According to the driving device 60 configured as described above, the slide box 56 can be slid along the guide 55 by moving the operating rod 63 forward or backward by the control unit 64. 71 is a drilling chamber 70
An agitator attached to the bulkhead 33, 73 is a mud pipe for discharging the excavated mud to the outside, 74 is a manhole provided in the Katas Spoke 37, and 75 is a water stop It is a valve.

Next, an example of a procedure for replacing the cutter bit 41 according to the prior art configured as described above will be described. (1) The cutter bit 41 is rotated to position the cutter bit 41 to be replaced on the front surface of the slide box 56.

(2) As shown in FIG.
As a result, the slide box 56 is advanced along the guide 55, and its flange 57 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the cut spoke 37. (3) In this state, as shown in FIG. 12, the lid 59 is removed from the flange 57 of the slide box 56, and the flange 57 is crimped to the cut spokes 37. At this time, since the earth and sand seal 58 is provided on the flange 57,
Sediment does not enter the cabin.

(4) Next, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG.
Is inserted and its tip is aligned with and abutted on the cutter bit 41 to be replaced.
7 is fixed to the inner surface with bolts. Note that the inner diameter of the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75 is formed to be substantially equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cutter bit 41.

(5) Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the bit replacement bar 80 is inserted into the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75 up to the position of the seal member 78, and the water stop valve 75 is opened. Then, the bit replacement bar 80 is pushed into the water passage 77, and its tip is inserted into the connection hole 48 of the connection portion 47 of the cutter bit 41 as shown in FIG.
Rotate and lock the connection 47. (6) As a result, the piston 49 is pushed into the cylinder 46, so that the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 45 increases, and the lock pin 43 is retracted against the urging force of the spring 44 to be disengaged from the pin hole 39. unlock.

(7) Then, as shown in FIG. 16, if the bit replacement bar 80 is retracted, the cutter bit 41 moves in the water passage 77 together with the bit replacement bar 80 and is pulled out. The water stop valve 75 is closed when the cutter bit 41 passes. When the cutter bit 41 is pulled out from the water stop valve 75, the bit replacement bar 80 is turned 90 ° in the opposite direction, and is removed from the cutter bit 41.

(8) Next, mounting of the new cutter bit 41 on the cutter holder 38 is performed in a procedure substantially reverse to the above-described procedure for pulling out the cutter bit 11. That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the cutter bit 41 locked at the tip of the bit replacement bar 80 is inserted into the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75 in the closed state up to the position of the seal member 78, and the stop is performed. Open the water valve 75.

(9) Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the bit replacement bar 80 is pushed into the water passage 77 of the water stop valve 75, and the cutter bit 41 is inserted into a predetermined position in the cutter holder 38. Then, the bit exchange bar 80 is rotated by 90 ° in the opposite direction to release the engagement with the connecting portion 47, and FIG.
As shown in FIG.
, And at the same time, the water stop valve 75 is closed.

As a result, the pinstone 49 of the lock mechanism 42 moves to the connecting portion 47 side, and as the oil pressure in the hydraulic chamber 45 decreases, the lock pin 43 is urged by the spring 44 to move forward, and the pin of the cutter holder 38 is moved forward. The cutter bit 41 is fitted in the hole 39 to lock the cutter bit 41 in that position.

(10) Next, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 12, the bolt of the flange 76 is removed and the water stop valve 75 is taken out of the slide box 56. (11) Further, the lid 59 is fixed to the flange 57 of the slide box 56 which is crimped to the cut spokes 37 with bolts, and the opening is closed. (12) When the slide box 56 is retracted to the position of the bulkhead 33 by the driving device 60, the replacement of the cutter bit 41 is completed.

[0020]

However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. First, the front surface of the slide box 56 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the cut-spoke 37. In such a structure, if the mutual butting surfaces are distorted,
There is a risk that a gap may be formed and earth and sand may enter through the gap. Further, since the lock pin 33 for locking the cutter bit 41 is configured to be locked to the cutter holder 38 in the cutter spoke 37, the lock mechanism is complicated, and a bit replacement bar having a hydraulic mechanism for releasing the lock mechanism is required. 80, and the operation is performed with such a tool.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutter bit exchanging device for a shield excavator capable of reliably exchanging a seal bit and easily exchanging a cutter bit. It is what it was.

[0022]

According to the cutter bit exchanging apparatus of the present invention, a slide box provided on a bulkhead side of a shield machine is moved to a cut-spoke side to make communication between the slide box and the cut-spoke. In the cutter bit exchanging device which enables the cutter bit to be exchanged from the inside of the machine, a concave portion which can be fitted to the cutter spoke is provided on the front side of the slide box.

Further, the fitting portion between the cut-spoke and the slide box is tapered.

Further, a cylindrical portion into which the cutter bit is inserted is provided in the cutter spoke, and a rear end side of the cylindrical portion is protruded rearward from the rear surface of the cutter spoke, and a lock mechanism for the cutter bit is provided on the protruding portion. Is provided.

[0025] Further, the portion on the back side of the cut-spoke where the tubular portion is disposed is recessed forward, and a detachable lid for covering the tubular portion is provided in the recessed portion. .

[0026]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view, and FIG. 1 (b) is an A sectional view in FIG. 1 (a). It is. The configuration other than the main part of the embodiment described below, for example, the configuration of the shield machine is the same as that described in the section of the related art. The cutter bit exchanging device according to the present embodiment includes:
Katas spokes 1 installed radially on the cutter head
A cutter holder 3 installed in the axial direction of the cut-spoke 1 to accommodate the cutter bit 7; a spoke cover 13 for covering the cut-spoke 1; and a slide cover 14 sliding to the cut-spoke 1 side.

The cut spoke 1 is tapered so as to be narrowed rearward, and a portion of the rear surface on which the cutter holder 3 is installed is recessed forward. Therefore, the rear end of the cutter holder 3 is exposed outside the cut spokes 1. Also, cutter holder 3
A flange portion 5 is provided at a rear end portion.

A cutter bit 7 is inserted and installed in the cutter holder 3, and a lock pin 9 for locking the cutter bit 7 is arranged at a rear end of the cutter holder 3, that is, at a portion exposed from the cutter spoke 1. Since the lock pin 9 is exposed, there is no need to remotely mount or remove the lock pin 9 as in the conventional case, and it is not necessary to make the lock mechanism a complicated structure as in the conventional case.
It has a simple structure that can be simply inserted.

A groove-shaped spoke cover 13 is provided in the recess 11 of the cut spoke 1 so as to cover the rear end of the cutter holder 3. The spoke cover 13 is bolted to the flange 5 at the rear end of the cutter holder 3.

The slide box 14 has a recess 15 whose front surface is recessed rearward. This recess 1
5 has a shape that can be fitted to the cut-spoke 1 and has a tapered shape that diverges toward the front. A seal member 17 is provided on a side surface of the recess 15.
A notch 19 is formed in the recess 15, and flanges 20 are formed at both ends of the notch 19.

A slot-shaped lid 21 is attached to the notch 19 of the slide box 14, and outward flanges 23 are formed at both ends of the lid 21. It can be bolted to the provided flange portion 20. In addition, a seal member is provided on one of the flange portion 20 and the flange portion 23 to ensure a seal at the time of joining between the two.

FIGS. 2 to 6 are explanatory views of the operation of the present embodiment constructed as described above when the cutter bit is replaced. FIG. 2A is a perspective view, and FIG. A)
It is sectional drawing. Hereinafter, the replacement work process of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. (1) Rotate the cutter head to position the cutter spoke 1 on which the cutter bit 7 to be replaced is installed on the front surface of the slide box 14. In this state, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, both the spoke cover 13 and the lid 21 are attached. Since the lock pin 9 is covered with the spoke cover 13, the pin does not come off, deform or wear due to earth and sand.

(2) Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the slide box 14 is advanced along a guide (not shown) by a driving device (not shown) (the structure of the device is the same as that shown in FIG. 10). The recess 15 is fitted to the rear side of the cut spoke 1. At this time, since both the recessed portion 15 of the slide box 14 and the cut-spoke 1 are tapered, even if the mutual positions are slightly shifted, if the tips of the fitting portions enter each other, the slide box 14 is cut off. The position is corrected and the fitting is performed with the advance of the robot.

(3) Recess 15 of slide box 14
4 is fitted to the rear side of the cut spoke 1 in FIG.
The lid 21 is removed from the slide box 14 as shown in FIG. When the lid 21 is removed, the spoke cover 13 can be seen from the inside of the machine via the notch 19.
In this state, the fitting portion between the slide box 14 and the cut-spoke 1 is sealed by the seal member 17, so that
Sediment does not enter the cabin.

(4) Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the spoke cover 13 is removed. When the spoke cover 13 is removed, the rear end of the cutter holder 3 is exposed, and the lock pin 9 can be removed. (5) In this state, as shown in FIG. 6, the closed water stop valve 25 is inserted into the slide box 14 so as to align the water stop valve 25 with the cutter holder 3 in which the cutter bit 7 for exchanging the tip is installed. Then, the flange is fixed to the flange portion 5 of the cutter holder 3 with a bolt. In this state, the lock pin 9 at the rear end of the cutter holder 3 is removed. In this removal, since the lock pin 9 is exposed, it can be removed very easily and the workability is extremely good.

(6) Next, the bit replacement bar 26 is inserted into the water passage of the water stop valve 25, and the water stop valve 25 is opened. Then, the bar for bit exchange 26 is pushed into the water channel, and the leading end is locked to the cutter bit 7. If the bit exchange bar 26 is retracted in this state, the cutter bit 7 moves in the water passage together with the bit exchange bar 26 and is pulled out. The water stop valve 25 is closed when the cutter bit 7 passes.

(7) Next, mounting of the new cutter bit 7 to the cutter holder 3 is performed in a procedure substantially opposite to the above-described procedure for pulling out the cutter bit 7. That is, the cutter bit 7 locked to the tip of the bit replacement bar 26 is inserted into the water passage of the water stop valve 25 in the closed state,
The water stop valve 25 is opened.

(8) Then, the bit replacement bar 26 is pushed into the water passage of the water stop valve 25, and the cutter bit 7 is inserted into a predetermined position in the cutter holder 3. Then, the lock pin insertion hole provided in the cutter bit 7 is aligned with the lock pin insertion hole of the cutter holder 3, and the lock pin 9 is inserted. Then, the bit replacement bar 26 is rotated to disengage the cutter bit 7, the bit replacement bar 26 is pulled out from the water stop valve 25, and at the same time, the water stop valve 25 is closed.

(9) Next, the water stop valve 25 is removed from the slide box 14, the spoke cover 13 is attached, and the lid 21 is attached. (10) When the slide box 14 is retracted to the position of the bulkhead by a driving device (not shown), the cutter bit 7
The exchange of 11 is completed.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the recessed portion 15 is provided on the front end surface of the slide box 14 and is fitted to the cut-spoke 1, so that the slide box 14 and the cut-spoke 1 are connected to each other. Are in side contact, and sealing can be performed reliably. Further, since the fitting portion between the cut-spoke 1 and the slide box 14 is tapered, the fitting of both can be performed smoothly. Further, since the lock pin 9 for locking the cutter bit 7 is disposed at the rear end of the cutter holder 3, that is, at a portion outside the cut-spoke 1, it is not necessary to remotely mount and remove the lock pin 9 as in the related art. The structure can be simplified and workability is good.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, a concave portion which can be fitted to the cutter spoke is provided on the front side of the slide box which slides toward the cutter spoke.
Since these are fitted to each other, the seal between the slide box and the cutter spoke can be reliably performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit replacement procedure according to the embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit replacement procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 1)

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit replacement procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 2)

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit replacement procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 3)

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a cutter bit replacement procedure according to the embodiment of this invention. (Part 4)

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a front end of a conventional shield machine.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a cutter bit and a slide box in a conventional example.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a conventional slide box driving device.

FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional example.

FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional example.

FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional example.

FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional example.

FIG. 15 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional example.

FIG. 16 is an operation explanatory view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutter spoke 3 Cutter holder (cylindrical part) 9 Lock pin 11 Recessed part of cutter spoke 13 Spoke cover 14 Slide cover 15 Recessed part

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Shuichi Hara 1534-1, 4-ku-machi, Nishinasuno-cho, Nasu-gun, Tochigi Pref. Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideaki Okada 2-2-2 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo No. Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2D054 AC01 BA07 BB07 CA01 CA03

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cutter, in which a slide box provided on a bulkhead side of a shield machine is moved to a cut-spoke side to allow communication between the slide box and the cut-spoke, thereby enabling a cutter bit to be exchanged from the inside of the cutter. In the bit exchanging device, a cutter bit exchanging device is provided on a front side of the slide box, the concave portion being engageable with the cutter spoke. 2. The cutter bit exchanging device according to claim 1, wherein a fitting portion between the cutter spoke and the slide box is tapered. 3. A cutter for inserting a cutter bit into a cutter spoke, a rear end of the cylindrical portion protruding rearward from a rear surface of the cutter spoke, and a lock mechanism for the cutter bit on the protruding portion. The cutter bit exchanging device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: 4. A rear surface of the cutter spoke, in which a portion where the tubular portion is arranged is recessed forward, and a detachable lid is provided in the recess to cover the tubular portion. The cutter bit exchange device according to claim 3, wherein