JP4585348B2 - Method and apparatus for recovery and storage of combustion components from waste - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage method and apparatus for recovering combustion substances from waste, and more particularly, to recover and store combustion substances such as carbon from waste such as municipal waste and car shredder dust. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for recovering and storing combustion substances from waste.

  Conventionally, wastes such as municipal waste and car shredder dust are put into a pyrolysis furnace where a low-oxygen atmosphere is formed and heated to produce cracked gas and pyrolysis residue. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2525 (hereinafter referred to as a patent) discloses a waste treatment apparatus that separates a combustion substance (combustible substance) into the combustion substance and combusts the separated combustion substance and the cracked gas with a combustion apparatus. Reference 1).

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, waste a such as municipal waste or car shredder dust is supplied into a rotary kiln type pyrolysis furnace 1 in which a low oxygen atmosphere is formed. The cracked gas G1 and the pyrolysis residue b are generated by being heated to a temperature of about 0 C and pyrolyzed, and the cracked gas G1 and the pyrolysis residue b are separated by the discharge device 2. The separated pyrolysis residue b is cooled to 80 ° C. or less by the cooler 3 and then introduced into the separator 4, where the nonflammable material c such as metals and rubble and the combustion material mainly composed of carbon are used. After that, the combustion substance d is combusted in the combustion device 5 through the line L1 and the cracked gas G1 through the line L2. And the high temperature combustion gas G2 obtained with this combustion apparatus 5 is supplied to the thermal decomposition furnace 1 by the line L3, and, thereby, the thermal decomposition furnace 1 is heated. Further, a part of the high-temperature combustion gas G2 is supplied to an evaporator (not shown) to generate steam and generate heat to generate heat.

By the way, in such a waste treatment system, the combustion substance d generated in the pyrolysis furnace 1 is taken out of the system and stored as indicated by a chain line, and is used as fuel for other combustion apparatuses as necessary. There is.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2525

  By the way, when the combustion substance d generated in the pyrolysis furnace 1 is taken out of the system and stored as described above, the combustion substance d may be ashed by oxidation and cannot be used as fuel.

  That is, the pyrolysis residue d generated in the pyrolysis furnace 1 in which the low oxygen atmosphere is formed is introduced into the cooler 3 at a temperature of about 450 ° C. while maintaining the low oxygen atmosphere, and is 80 ° C. or less. Then, it is separated into the incombustible substance c and the combustion substance d in the atmosphere. However, if a “fire type” exists in the combustion substance d, the combustion substance d is oxidized during storage, and therefore There is a risk that it will become incinerated and cannot be used as fuel.

  The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, and is configured as follows.

1) The invention according to claim 1 is a first step of thermally decomposing a waste to generate a cracked gas and a pyrolysis residue, and separating the cracked gas and the pyrolysis residue, followed by the pyrolysis A second step of cooling the residue, a third step of separating the cooled pyrolysis residue into an incombustible material and a combustion material, and a fourth step of retaining the combustion material in a low oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time. And a fifth step of introducing and storing the combustion substance in a storage tank, and the storage tank is provided with a plurality of storage tanks, and the combustion between the plurality of storage tanks Are connected to each other through a circulation line through which a transfer device for transferring a substance is interposed. In the fifth step, when the temperature in one storage tank rises above a predetermined temperature, the inside of the one storage tank Injecting an inert gas into the One of the combustion products in the storage tank is characterized by transferring to another storage tank.

    According to the method for recovering and storing combustion substances from waste, the pyrolysis residue generated by pyrolysis is cooled and separated into incombustible substances and combustion substances, and the combustion substances are retained in a low oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time, Since the fire is completely extinguished and then stored in the storage tank, there is no danger of ashing the combustion material.

  2) The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a low oxygen atmosphere is formed by deaeration.

  According to such a method for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste, a low oxygen atmosphere can be easily formed by deaeration.

  3) The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that after degassing, an inert gas is supplied to form a low oxygen atmosphere.

  According to such a method for recovering and storing combustion substances from waste, after the pressure is reduced once, a low oxygen atmosphere under atmospheric pressure can be formed, thus simplifying the apparatus and maintaining the low oxygen atmosphere is easy. It will be something.

  4) Further, the invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that when the temperature in the storage tank becomes higher than a predetermined temperature, an inert gas is injected into the storage tank.

  According to such a method for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste, even if a fire type is mixed into the combustion substance stored in the storage tank due to an unexpected situation, oxidation can be easily prevented. .

5) The invention according to claim 5 is a pyrolysis furnace for generating a cracked gas and a pyrolysis residue by heating waste in a low oxygen atmosphere, a cooler for cooling the pyrolysis residue, and the cooled A separation device that separates the pyrolysis residue into incombustible material and combustion material, a mixing tank that is formed in a low oxygen atmosphere and retains the combustion material for a predetermined time, and a storage tank , A plurality of storage tanks are provided side by side, and are connected to each other through a circulation line having a transfer device for transferring the combustion substance between the plurality of storage tanks. A thermometer for detecting the temperature of the combustion substance is installed, and when the temperature in one storage tank rises from a predetermined temperature by the thermometer, an inert gas is injected into the one storage tank. Then Moni, is characterized in that a configuration of transferring the combustion products of said one storage tank to another storage tank.

  According to such a recovery and storage device for combustion substances from waste, the combustion substances generated in the pyrolysis furnace are put into a mixing tank in which a low oxygen atmosphere is formed, and are retained here for a predetermined time. Even if a fire is mixed in the combustion substance, it can be easily extinguished.

  6) The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the mixing tank is constituted by a pressure-resistant shell and an evacuation unit is provided.

  According to such a recovery and storage device for combustion substances from waste, a low oxygen atmosphere can be easily obtained by degassing the inside of the mixing tank.

  As is apparent from the above description, according to the method and apparatus for recovering and storing combustion substances from waste according to the present invention, the pyrolysis residue generated by pyrolysis is cooled and separated into non-combustible substances and combustion substances. At the same time, the combustion substance is retained in a low oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time, and the fire type is completely extinguished and then stored in the storage tank.

  Referring to the embodiment, the following effects can be given as incidental effects.

  1) The mixing tank is composed of a pressure-resistant shell, and a vacuum exhaust unit and an inert gas supply device are provided, so that a low oxygen atmosphere under atmospheric pressure can be formed after deaeration once. Simplification and maintenance of a low oxygen atmosphere.

  2) At least two or more mixing tanks are provided, and the combustion substances are sequentially introduced into each mixing tank and allowed to stay for a predetermined time, so that the combustion substances can be continuously collected and stored. .

  3) The storage tank is provided with a thermometer and an inert gas supply device, and an inert gas is supplied from the inert gas supply device into the storage tank by a high temperature signal of the thermometer. Even if a fire type is mixed in the combustion material stored in the storage tank due to an unexpected situation, the combustion material can be easily prevented from being oxidized.

  4) When two or more storage tanks are arranged and there is a risk of oxidation of the combustion substances in each storage tank, the combustion substances can be transferred to other storage tanks and stored. Prevention can be performed more reliably.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an apparatus for carrying out a method for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 denote the same names. Reference numeral 1 denotes, for example, a horizontal rotary rotary kiln type pyrolysis furnace, and the inside of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is formed in a low oxygen atmosphere.

  The waste a is introduced upstream of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the main body of the cracking furnace is heated to about 450 ° C. by indirect heating of the high-temperature combustion gas G2 through a heating pipe, and the cracking gas G1 and the pyrolysis residue b Is generated. The cracked gas G1 and the pyrolysis residue b are separated by the exhaust device 2, and the cracked gas G1 is burned by the combustion device 5. Then, the pyrolysis residue b is supplied to the cooler 3 where it is cooled to 80 ° C. or less. Thereafter, the pyrolysis residue b is separated into metals and rubble by a separator 4 such as a sieve, a wind separator or a magnetic separator. Incombustible material c such as carbon and combustion material d (combustible material) mainly composed of carbon.

  The combustion substance d thus separated is introduced into the mixing tank 11 in which the interior is in a low oxygen atmosphere, where it stays in that state for a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes), and then the line L4 is passed through. Then, it is introduced into the storage tank 12 and stored.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the combustion substance d separated by the separator 4 is temporarily stored in the hopper 13 and introduced into the mixing tank 11 from here. A bag filter 14 is provided in the mixing tank 11, and the inside thereof includes a vacuum exhaust unit 16 by a line (pipe) L 5 having an opening / closing valve 15 and a nitrogen gas (not shown) by a line L 6 having an opening / closing valve 17. It is comprised so that it may be connected with the apparatus which supplies inert gas G3.

  In addition, the combustion substance d in the hopper 13 can be introduced into the mixing tank 11 through the introduction pipe 19 by operating the rotary valve 18. Reference numeral 20 denotes an input pipe 19, 21 denotes an exhaust pipe 22, and 23 denotes an opening / closing valve provided on a line L 7 for supplying an inert gas G 4 to the bag filter 14.

(Vacuum to inert gas filling)
In the mixing tank 11 having such a configuration, first, the open / close valve 15 provided in the line L5 connected to the vacuum exhaust unit 16 is set to “open”, and the other open / close valves 17, 20, 21, and 23 are set to “close”. The vacuum evacuation unit 16 is operated, and vacuum is applied to the mixing tank 11 to deaerate.

  At this time, the deaeration is preferably performed so that the internal pressure is reduced to about 100 torr. When this deaeration is completed, the on-off valve 17 is set to “open”, and then “inert gas G3” is supplied into the mixing tank 11 through the line L6 to form a “low oxygen atmosphere under atmospheric pressure”. More preferably, an oxygen-free low oxygen atmosphere is formed inside the mixing tank 11 by repeating this deaeration and supplying the inert gas a plurality of times.

(Combustion substance supply)
After the low oxygen atmosphere filled with the inert gas is formed in the mixing tank 11 in this way, the on-off valve 20 is opened, and the rotary valve 18 is operated to generate a predetermined amount of the combustion substance d. It introduces into this mixing tank 11.

  Next, the combustion substance d is retained in a low oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time, for example, about 20 to 30 minutes. By this atmosphere replacement operation, even if "fire type" exists in the combustion substance d, this fire type can be extinguished. Therefore, there is no risk of oxidation even if the combustion substance d is stored in the storage tank 12.

  Note that when the inside of the mixing tank 11 is degassed by the action of the bag filter 14, a part of the combustion substance d is prevented from being discharged out of the system. And in order to backwash the bag filter 14, the inert gas G4 is regularly inject | poured into the bag filter 14 from the line L7.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the mixing tank 11, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 denote the same names. In this embodiment, the mixing tank 11 is composed of two mixing tanks 11a and 11b in order to retain the combustion substance d in a low oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time.

  And the combustion substance d in the hopper 13 is alternately introduce | transduced into these mixing tank 11a, 11b by the distribution conveyor 24. As shown in FIG. Of course, in the same manner as in the above embodiment, a low oxygen atmosphere is formed in advance in each mixing tank 11a, 11b, and thereafter the combustion substance d is alternately introduced. By configuring the mixing tank 11 as a plurality of units in this way, the combustion substance d can be continuously recovered and stored.

  FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the storage tank 12. The storage tank 12 is provided with a first thermometer 25 and a second thermometer 26 on the upper and lower sides, and a non-liquefied carbon dioxide gas or the like. A gas line L8 for supplying the active gas G5 is attached.

  When the combustion substance d stored in the storage tank 12 starts to oxidize, the temperature is detected by the first thermometer 25 or the second thermometer 26 and controlled by the signal V1 or V2. The valve 27 is controlled to supply the inert gas G5 from the line L8 into the storage tank 12 to prevent the combustion product d from being oxidized.

  FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the storage tank 12. This storage tank 12 is provided with a plurality of storage tanks 12a and 12b, and a combustion substance d transfer device 30 interposed therebetween. The circulation line 31 is formed by being connected.

  By providing a plurality of storage tanks 12 in this manner, the combustion substance d in the storage tank 12a is oxidized when the combustion substance d is supplied and stored as shown by the arrow A in one storage tank 12a. (Combustion) is started, and as a result, when the temperature rise is detected by the thermometer 25 or 26, the inert gas G5 such as nitrogen gas is filled from the pipe L5 and the inert gas G5 is already contained. Transfer to the storage tank 12b side by using the pipe B / transfer device 30 of the arrow B / circulation pipe consisting of the arrow B to the filled storage tank 12b side to prevent oxidation of the entire storage tank 12a It is.

  Further, when trouble occurs on the other storage tank 12b side, the combustion substance d is transferred from the storage tank 12a side to the storage tank 12a side through the pipe line indicated by the arrow C, and the entire ash of the storage tank 12b is transferred. Can be prevented. Further, even if a part of the combustion substance d in the storage tank is ashed, it is immediately transferred to the safe storage tank side, so that it is possible to prevent the entire fire from spreading (oxidation).

  Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The important point of the present invention is that the combustion substance d generated in the pyrolysis furnace is kept in a low oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time to be in a safe state that does not oxidize, and then stored in a storage tank. Therefore, it is apparent that the present invention can be appropriately changed without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

1 is a system diagram of an apparatus for carrying out a method for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste according to the present invention. It is a side view of the mixing tank used in order to implement the collection | recovery and storage method of the combustion substance from the waste material by this invention. The side surface which shows the other Example of the mixing tank used in order to implement the collection | recovery and storage method of the combustion substance from the waste material by this invention is aimed at. It is a side view of the storage tank used in order to implement the collection | recovery and storage method of the combustion substance from the waste material by this invention. It is a side view which shows the other Example of the storage tank used in order to implement the collection | recovery and storage method of the combustion substance from the waste material by this invention. It is a systematic diagram of the conventional waste disposal apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pyrolysis furnace 2 ... Discharge device 3 ... Cooler 4 ... Separator 5 ... Combustion device 11 ... Mixing tank 12 ... Storage tank 13 ... ..Hopper 14 ... Bag filter 15, 17, 20, 21, 23..Open / close valve 16 ... Vacuum exhaust unit 18 ... Rotary valve 19 ... Inlet pipe 22 ... Exhaust pipe 24 .. .... Distribution conveyor 25 ... First thermometer 26 ... Second thermometer 27 ... Control valve

Claims (6)

A first step of thermally decomposing waste to generate a cracked gas and a pyrolysis residue; a second step of cooling the pyrolysis residue after separating the cracked gas and the pyrolysis residue; A third step of separating the cooled pyrolysis residue into an incombustible material and a combustion material; a fourth step of retaining the combustion material in a low oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time; and the combustion material in a storage tank. A fifth step of introducing and storing ,
The storage tank is provided with a plurality of storage tanks, and is connected to each other through a circulation line having a transfer device for transferring the combustion substance between the plurality of storage tanks.
In the fifth step, when the temperature in one storage tank rises above a predetermined temperature, an inert gas is injected into the one storage tank, and the combustion substance in the one storage tank is injected. A method for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste, which is transferred to another storage tank .   The method for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste according to claim 1, wherein a low oxygen atmosphere is formed by deaeration. The method for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein an inert gas is supplied after deaeration to form a low oxygen atmosphere. The waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the temperature in the storage tank becomes higher than a predetermined temperature, an inert gas is injected into the storage tank. Method of recovery and storage of combustion materials. A pyrolysis furnace that heats waste in a low-oxygen atmosphere to produce cracked gas and pyrolysis residue, a cooler that cools the pyrolysis residue, and the cooled pyrolysis residue as non-combustible material and combustion material. A separation device that separates the internal combustion chamber, a mixing tank that is formed in a low oxygen atmosphere and retains the combustion substance for a predetermined time, and a storage tank ,
The storage tank is provided with a plurality of storage tanks, and is connected to each other through a circulation line having a transfer device for transferring the combustion substance between the plurality of storage tanks.
Each of the plurality of storage tanks is provided with a thermometer for detecting the temperature of the combustion substance,
When the temperature in one storage tank rises above a predetermined temperature by the thermometer, an inert gas is injected into the one storage tank and the combustion substance in the one storage tank is stored in another storage. An apparatus for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste, characterized in that it is configured to be transferred to a tank . 6. The apparatus for recovering and storing a combustion substance from waste according to claim 5, wherein the mixing tank is constituted by a pressure-resistant shell and the mixing tank is communicated with an evacuation unit.

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