JP3777339B2 - Waste resin oiling equipment - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste resin oiling device, and more particularly to a structure suitable as a device for recovering oil from a gas generated by burning a waste tire.
[0001]
[Prior art]
Generally, waste tires include general waste discharged from general households as sorted waste and industrial waste discharged from contractors. For both general and industrial waste, incineration and landfill disposal are usually used as disposal methods for waste tires, but the processing costs are high and the landfill disposal site is insufficient. As a result, illegal dumping continues to occur.
[0002]
In recent years, as a method for disposing of waste tires, a method of recovering oil by pyrolysis and reusing it as fuel has been proposed, and this method has been implemented in various places. In this method, an oiling plant including a pyrolysis furnace for melting and pyrolyzing waste tires as raw materials and a cooling recovery device for cooling the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace is required.
[0003]
In the above-mentioned oil production plant, waste tires are put into a pyrolysis furnace, the waste tires are heated while blowing with a blower toward the inside of the pyrolysis furnace, and oil content is generated from the pyrolysis gas generated thereby. There are known relatively large oil refineries configured to recover.
[0004]
In addition, a comparison was made in which a predetermined amount of waste tires was put into the pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace was sealed, the pyrolysis gas generated by heating the waste tires was cooled, and the oil was recovered There is also a small oil plant.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, among the above-mentioned conventional liquefaction plants, the former relatively large liquefaction plant is operated with the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace always higher than atmospheric pressure. As a result, it is often impossible to control the amount of gas generated when the tires come into contact or abnormal combustion occurs in the waste tire, causing the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace to rise rapidly and causing explosions. Currently, most plants are out of service.
[0006]
Further, the latter relatively small oil refinery plant is basically operated in batch processing, and it is difficult to increase the size of the pyrolysis furnace, so that the processing efficiency cannot be improved. In addition, there is a problem in that it is necessary to open and close the pyrolysis furnace for each process, and cleaning inside the furnace must be performed for each process.
[0007]
Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the problem is to prevent explosion caused by abnormal combustion by adopting a structure capable of controlling the pressure of the pyrolysis furnace to some extent. An object of the present invention is to provide an oil converting apparatus for waste resin that can be used. Another object of the present invention is to provide a waste resin oiling apparatus that can increase the processing efficiency and reduce the labor during the processing.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the waste resin oiling device of the present invention is a waste resin oiling device for recovering oil from a gas generated by burning the waste resin in a pyrolysis furnace, An air regulating valve is provided at the air intake port of the pyrolysis furnace, and an exhaust means is provided on the downstream side of the oil recovery path for recovering oil from the gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace. The inside of the cracking furnace and the oil content recovery path are configured to be maintained at a negative pressure.
[0009]
According to this invention, the exhaust gas is configured so that the inside of the pyrolysis furnace and the oil recovery path are maintained at a negative pressure by the exhaust means, so that the state of gas generation from the waste resin is indirectly in the pyrolysis furnace. Therefore, the occurrence of abnormal gas due to abnormal combustion is suppressed, and the increase in pressure in the pyrolysis furnace and oil recovery path is also suppressed, thereby reducing the risk of explosion and the like. . In addition, since an air regulating valve is provided at the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the amount of air flowing into the pyrolysis furnace is regulated, so that the negative pressure state can be controlled more reliably. , Can perform stable operation.
[0010]
In the present invention, it is preferable that a water-sealing structure is provided at a waste resin inlet in the pyrolysis furnace. By providing the water-sealed structure at the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the backflow of the furnace gas can be prevented, and the furnace gas and the outside air are shut off, thereby reducing the risk of explosion and the like. In addition, it is possible to maintain the negative pressure state of the pyrolysis furnace even if waste resin is continuously added, and it is possible to stabilize the pyrolysis state inside the pyrolysis furnace, so continuous operation Thus, the processing efficiency can be improved. Moreover, it becomes difficult to cause abnormal combustion or the like, and the operation state of the pyrolysis furnace can be further stabilized.
[0011]
In the present invention, it is preferable that the air regulating valve operates so as to suppress fluctuations in the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pyrolysis furnace. By operating the air regulating valve to suppress fluctuations in the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pyrolysis furnace, the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace can be stabilized even if the amount of gas generated inside the pyrolysis furnace fluctuates. it can. In addition, when the amount of gas generated inside the pyrolysis furnace changes, the amount of air intake will change accordingly, so fluctuations in the amount of gas generated inside the pyrolysis furnace are indirectly suppressed. Is done. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an abnormal pressure increase, and a safer operation can be realized.
[0012]
In the present invention, the negative pressure is preferably a value within a range of 0.80 to 0.95 atm. When the negative pressure is a value within the range of 0.80 to 0.95 atm (about 80 to 95 kPa), it is possible to achieve both processing efficiency and safety. When the pressure is less than 0.80 atm, the amount of gas generated from the waste resin decreases, and the processing efficiency decreases. Further, if it exceeds 0.95 atm, the difference from the atmospheric pressure becomes small, so that control of the pressure itself becomes difficult, and abnormal gas generation is likely to occur. In particular, it is desirable that the pressure is in the range of 0.85 to 0.90 atm.
[0013]
In the present invention, it is preferable that a bypass path that communicates the inside of the pyrolysis furnace and the middle of the oil recovery path is provided separately from the oil recovery path. By providing the bypass path, the temporal variation of the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace can be reduced. For example, even if an abnormal increase in pressure occurs in the pyrolysis furnace, the pressure can be released in the middle of the oil recovery path via the bypass path, making it easier to maintain the negative pressure state by the exhaust means, Can be suppressed.
[0014]
In the present invention, the oil recovery path is provided with a separator for removing solid substances and a cooler disposed on the downstream side of the separator, and the bypass path is provided inside the pyrolysis furnace. And the cooler are preferably communicated with each other. Since the pressure is reduced by cooling the gas inside the cooler, the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace can be released more efficiently by connecting the bypass path to the cooler.
[0015]
In the present invention, the pyrolysis furnace has a combustion region in which the waste resin burns and a pyrolysis region in which the gas generated from the combustion region is pyrolyzed, and the cross-sectional area in the furnace of the combustion region is the heat It is preferably smaller than the in-furnace cross-sectional area of the decomposition region. Since the cross-sectional area in the furnace in the combustion region is smaller than the cross-sectional area in the furnace in the pyrolysis region, it is possible to limit the amount of waste resin in the combustion region, so it is possible to prevent the occurrence of gas abnormalities, etc. It can be operated in a stable state.
[0016]
In the present invention, the in-furnace cross-sectional area of the combustion region is preferably configured to be in a range of 36 to 64% of the in-furnace cross-sectional area of the pyrolysis region. As a result, it is possible to achieve both the waste resin processing efficiency (gas generation amount) and the suppression of abnormal combustion. If the above range is exceeded, the thermal decomposition amount of the waste resin in the combustion region increases and abnormal combustion or the like is likely to occur, and if the above range is exceeded, the thermal decomposition amount of the waste resin in the combustion region decreases. As a result, the amount of gas generated tends to decrease, and the processing efficiency decreases.
[0017]
In this invention, it is preferable that the residue extraction part provided in the lower part of the said pyrolysis furnace has a water seal structure. Since the residue extraction part has a water-sealed structure, the residue can be extracted without stopping the pyrolysis furnace, and it is possible to prevent excess air from being introduced into the pyrolysis furnace. Therefore, since it is possible to arbitrarily take out the residue during the continuous operation, the continuous operation can be performed more easily and continuously for a long time.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of a waste resin oiling apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view schematically showing the structure of a pyrolysis furnace in a waste resin oiling apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an overall configuration of the waste resin oiling apparatus according to the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram.
[0019]
Initially, with reference to FIG. 2, the whole structure of the oilification apparatus 100 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated. The oil converting apparatus 100 is provided with a pyrolysis furnace 110. The pyrolysis furnace 110 generates gas by burning and thermally decomposing waste resin such as waste tires. In the pyrolysis furnace 110, a carry-in conveyor 111 that supplies waste resin such as cut waste tires, an input unit 112 that receives the waste resin supplied by the carry-in conveyor 111, and an air intake for taking in air from the outside. An air regulating valve 113 provided at the inlet is provided. As will be described later, the charging unit 112 has a water-sealed structure, shuts off the gas in the furnace and the outside air, and releases the gas in the furnace from the charging unit 112, or the outside air enters the pyrolysis furnace 110. It is configured not to do.
[0020]
A cyclone 120, which is a separator that separates solid substances, is connected to the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace 110. The cyclone 120 separates solids from the gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 110 into a recovery container 121, and for example, separates carbon (carbon fine particles) in the gas. The cyclone 120 is preferably composed of a double cyclone in order to collect solids more reliably.
[0021]
Moreover, the indirect cooler 130 which is a cooler which cools gas is connected to the downstream side. By being cooled by the indirect cooler 130, tar is separated from the gas and discharged to the recovery container 131.
[0022]
Furthermore, a heat exchanger group 140 as a cooler is connected to the downstream side. A plurality of heat exchangers 141, 142, 143, and 144 are connected in series to the heat exchanger group 140. Oil-water separation tanks 145, 146, 147, and 148 are connected to the respective heat exchangers. These oil / water separation tanks 145, 146, 147, and 148 separate the oil and water by utilizing the difference in specific gravity, and the water separated from the gas is recovered and discharged into the recovery container 149, and the oil (kerosene) ) Is recovered. This oil component is recovered in the recovery container 155 by the pump 154. The oiling capacity of the cooler can be adjusted by the amount of water supplied.
[0023]
The heat exchanger group 140 is connected to an exhaust fan 151 that is an exhaust means. The exhaust fan 151 is configured to exhaust an oil recovery path that is configured between the pyrolysis furnace 110 and the exhaust fan 151. A water seal tank (bubbling tank) 152 is connected to the exhaust fan 151. The water sealing tank 152 prevents outside air from entering (backflowing) from the downstream side into the oil recovery path. The water-sealed tank 152 is further connected to the smoke tower 153. The smoke cleaning tower 153 discharges the gas discharged from the oil recovery path through the exhaust fan 151 and the water sealing tank 152 to the outside air.
[0024]
In the oil making apparatus 100, only the air controlled by the air regulating valve 113 is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 110. Moreover, it is comprised so that external air may not be introduce | transduced in an oil component collection | recovery path | route. For this reason, when the exhaust fan 151 exhausts the oil recovery path, the pyrolysis furnace 110 and the oil recovery path on the downstream side thereof are always maintained at a negative pressure (that is, a pressure lower than the external pressure). In the present embodiment, the operating state of the oil making apparatus is basically controlled by adjusting the exhaust air amount of the exhaust fan 151. Therefore, when the exhaust fan 151 is stopped, the oil making apparatus cannot be operated. Therefore, it is preferable to keep a spare for the exhaust fan 151.
[0025]
Further, a bypass path 132 for adjusting internal pressure is formed between the pyrolysis furnace 110 and the indirect cooler 130 that is a cooler. Therefore, the exhaust fan 151 not only exhausts the inside of the pyrolysis furnace 110 via the oil recovery path, but also exhausts the pyrolysis furnace 110 directly from the indirect cooler 130 via the bypass path 132.
[0026]
Next, the pyrolysis furnace 110 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. The pyrolysis furnace 110 is provided with a charging unit 112 that receives the waste resin from the carry-in conveyor 111. The charging unit 112 thermally decomposes the charged water sealing tank 112A and the waste resin charged into the charging water sealing tank 112A. A transfer conveyor 112B for transferring to the furnace body is arranged. The input water sealing tank 112A contains a liquid such as water. This liquid shuts off the outside and the inside of the main body of the pyrolysis furnace by a water seal structure, and shuts off the gas in the furnace and the outside air.
[0027]
The main body of the pyrolysis furnace 110 is provided with a combustion chamber 114 at the bottom and a pyrolysis chamber 115 at the top. Above the pyrolysis chamber 115, a gas discharge port 116 for sending gas to the oil recovery path is formed. Below the combustion chamber 114, an ash belt chamber 117 is provided. The ash belt chamber 117 is provided with an air intake port 117a. The air regulating valve 113 is attached to the air intake port 117a. The air regulating valve 113 has an outside air pressure (usually atmospheric pressure; 1 atm = about 100 kPa) and an inside of the pyrolysis furnace 110 (that is, an ash belt chamber 117) by a natural ventilation effect caused by the operation of the exhaust fan 151. Between the internal pressure and the external pressure within a predetermined range (for example, 0.05 to 0.1 atm (about 5 to 10 kPa)). That is, the valve opening is increased when the internal / external pressure difference is smaller than the above range, and the valve opening is decreased when the internal / external pressure difference is larger than the above range. As such a structure of the air regulating valve 113, it is configured to receive a stress (for example, force due to the weight of the weight) in a closing direction, and has a valve body configured to be opened by a pressure difference between inside and outside. Is mentioned. It is not only for adjusting the valve opening to maintain the internal / external pressure difference within a certain range, but for example, it is possible to maintain the internal / external pressure difference within a certain range simply by repeating the opening / closing operation by increasing / decreasing the internal / external pressure difference. There may be. In addition, since it is self-combustion using natural ventilation, a combustion burner or the like is unnecessary.
[0028]
Inside the ash belt chamber 117, an upper rooster 117 </ b> A and a lower rooster 117 </ b> B are arranged below the combustion chamber 114 in a state of being vertically arranged. The upper rooster 117A and the lower rooster 117B are provided with a plurality of openings having such a size that the waste resin in the initial state fed from the combustion chamber 114 does not fall directly. Further, in the processing state, the opening of the upper rooster 117A and the opening of the lower rooster 117B are arranged in a state where they do not overlap in a plane. The upper rooster 117A and the lower rooster 117B are configured to be relatively movable so that the above state and the state in which the openings overlap each other in a plane can be appropriately switched.
[0029]
The ash belt chamber 117 is provided with an ignition port 117b. The ignition port 117b is used when the exhaust resin in the combustion chamber 114 is ignited, but can also be used for checking the ash belt chamber 117. The ignition port 117b is closed by a cap 117c during the operation of the pyrolysis furnace 110.
[0030]
A residue extraction part is provided at the lower part of the ash belt chamber 117, and a lower water-sealed tank 118 is provided at the residue extraction part. A liquid such as water is accommodated in the lower water sealing tank 118 so that the outside air does not enter the ash belt chamber 117 from the residue extraction portion. A carry-out conveyor 119 is disposed in the lower water-sealed tank 118 so that the residue dropped from the ash belt chamber 117 to the lower water-sealed tank 118 can be carried out.
[0031]
In the pyrolysis furnace 110, the in-furnace cross-sectional area (cross-sectional area) of the combustion chamber 114 is configured to be smaller than the in-furnace cross-sectional area (cross-sectional area) of the pyrolysis chamber 115. For example, the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 114 configured in a cylindrical shape is configured to be 60 to 80%, preferably about 70%, of the inner diameter of the thermal decomposition chamber 115 also configured in a cylindrical shape. That is, the cross-sectional area in the furnace of the combustion chamber 114 is configured to be 36 to 64%, preferably about 49%, of the cross-sectional area in the furnace of the pyrolysis chamber 115.
[0032]
The pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 110 is, for example, 0.80 to 0.95 atm (about 80 to 95 kPa), preferably about 0.9 atm (about 90 kPa) during normal operation. ing. That is, the air adjustment valve 113 adjusts the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 110 to 0.80 to 0.9 atm, preferably about 0.9 atm, and introduces outside air.
[0033]
The negative pressure state as described above must be maintained before the pyrolysis furnace 110 is ignited by operating the exhaust fan 151 in advance. When the negative pressure state is formed, the waste resin is put into the pyrolysis furnace 110, and the waste resin in the combustion chamber 114 is ignited from the ignition port 117b. When ignition is confirmed, the ignition port 117b is closed with the cap 117c.
[0034]
During normal operation, waste resin accumulates not only in the combustion chamber 114 but also about 60 to 80% of the internal volume of the pyrolysis chamber 115 in the pyrolysis furnace 110. However, the operation is performed so that only the waste resin deposited in this way is normally burned in the combustion chamber 114. The waste resin in the combustion chamber 114 burns to generate gas, and this gas undergoes thermal decomposition at a high temperature and negative pressure while rising in the thermal decomposition chamber 115. The gas generated by the pyrolysis passes through the space (gas chamber) above the pyrolysis chamber 115, exits the gas discharge port 116, and is sent to the oil recovery path.
[0035]
In the present embodiment described above, since the interior of the pyrolysis furnace 110 and the oil recovery path are held at negative pressure by the exhaust fan 151, there is little risk of explosion due to pressure increase, and safe operation can be performed. it can. In particular, since the amount of air flowing into the pyrolysis furnace 110 is controlled by the air regulating valve 113, the amount of outside air introduced by the air regulating valve 113 is increased even if the amount of gas generated inside the pyrolysis furnace 110 increases. As a result of the reduction, a temporary increase in the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 110 can be suppressed. In particular, when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace increases, the amount of gas introduced decreases due to a decrease in the amount of air introduced and the degree of combustion of the waste resin, and when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace decreases, Since the amount of gas generated increases as the amount of introduction increases and the degree of combustion of the waste resin increases, the amount of gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 110 is always indirectly controlled by the air regulating valve 113. Therefore, a very stable pyrolysis state can be continuously maintained.
[0036]
In the present embodiment, since the bypass path 132 is provided, fluctuations in internal pressure due to fluctuations in the amount of gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 110 can be suppressed. For example, even if abnormal combustion or the like temporarily occurs in the pyrolysis furnace 110 and the pressure increases so rapidly that it cannot be controlled by the air regulating valve 113, the pyrolysis furnace is provided by the provision of the bypass path 132. Since the pressure in 110 can escape directly to the indirect cooler 130 which is a cooler via the bypass path 132, safer operation can be performed.
[0037]
In particular, when the internal pressure is made higher than the range of 0.80 to 0.95 atm as described above, it becomes difficult to control the internal pressure by the air regulating valve 113 and the combustion state becomes unstable. In this case, it is considered that the risk of explosion and the like is also increasing. On the other hand, when the internal pressure was lower than the above range, the combustion state deteriorated, the amount of gas generated was reduced, and the processing efficiency was reduced.
[0038]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the water sealing structure is provided in the input part 112 and the residue extraction part, even if continuous operation is performed, air enters other than the air intake port 117a provided with the air adjustment valve 113. Since there is no portion, the negative pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 110 can be easily maintained. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform batch processing as in a conventional small oil plant, and the production amount can be greatly increased.
[0039]
In this embodiment, since the cross-sectional area in the furnace of the combustion chamber 114 is smaller than the cross-sectional area in the furnace of the pyrolysis chamber 115, the gas can be smoothly discharged to the oil recovery path, while the combustion amount of the waste resin is to some extent. Since the gas decomposition efficiency can be improved by being suppressed, it is possible to increase the processing efficiency. By setting the in-furnace cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 114 within the range of 36 to 64% of the in-furnace cross-sectional area of the pyrolysis chamber 115 as described above, in particular, processing efficiency (increase in gas generation amount) and safety can be achieved. Can be achieved. For example, in this embodiment, about 370 kg of oil was collected per ton of waste tire in the above range, but if the area ratio of the combustion chamber 114 is made higher than the above range, the combustion state of the waste resin becomes unstable, The amount of oil recovered is also reduced. For example, when the internal area of the combustion chamber is the same as that of the pyrolysis chamber, the amount of oil recovered is reduced to about 300 kg. Moreover, when the area ratio was made lower than the above range, the oil processing efficiency was greatly reduced.
[0040]
Note that the waste resin oiling apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the configuration of the cyclone 120 (solid substance separator), the indirect cooler 130 (cooler), the heat exchanger group 140 (also a kind of cooler) provided in the oil recovery path, It can be appropriately changed according to the type and nature of the substance to be recovered. More specifically, it is possible to reverse the order of the solid substance separator and the cooler, omit the separator, or change the configuration of the cooler.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, an explosion or the like caused by abnormal combustion can be prevented by keeping the inside at a negative pressure, and the operation can be performed safely. In addition, since continuous processing is possible, it is possible to increase processing efficiency and reduce labor during processing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a pyrolysis furnace in an embodiment of a waste resin oiling apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an outline of an overall configuration of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Waste resin oil-ized apparatus, 110 ... Pyrolysis furnace, 111 ... Carry-in conveyor, 112 ... Loading part, 112A ... Input water sealing tank, 112B ... Transfer conveyor, 113 ... Air conditioning valve, 114 ... combustion chamber, 115 ... pyrolysis chamber, 116 ... gas discharge port, 117 ... ash zone chamber, 120 ... cyclone, 130 ... indirect cooling , 132... Bypass path, 140... Heat exchanger group, 151.

Claims (6)

A waste resin liquefying apparatus for recovering oil from gas generated by burning waste resin in a pyrolysis furnace,
An air regulating valve is provided at the air intake port of the pyrolysis furnace, and an exhaust means is provided on the downstream side of the oil recovery path for recovering oil from the gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace,
A waste resin charging port provided in the pyrolysis furnace has a water seal structure, and means for charging the waste resin into the pyrolysis furnace through the water seal structure is provided.
The residue extraction part provided in the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace has a water seal structure,
The exhaust means is configured such that the inside of the pyrolysis furnace and the oil recovery path are maintained at a negative pressure ,
Separately from the oil recovery path, there is provided a bypass path that connects the air intake side of the combustion region inside the pyrolysis furnace to the middle of the oil recovery path . Oiling equipment.   2. The waste resin oiling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air regulating valve operates so as to suppress a fluctuation in a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pyrolysis furnace.   The waste resin oiling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the negative pressure is a value within a range of 0.80 to 0.95 atm.   The oil recovery path is provided with a separator for removing solid substances and a cooler disposed on the downstream side of the separator, and the bypass path includes the interior of the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling chamber. The waste resin oiling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the device is in communication with a container. The pyrolysis furnace has a combustion region in which the waste resin burns, and a pyrolysis region in which gas generated from the combustion region is pyrolyzed,
The waste resin oiling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an in-furnace cross-sectional area of the combustion region is smaller than an in-furnace cross-sectional area of the pyrolysis region.   6. The waste resin oil according to claim 5, wherein an in-furnace cross-sectional area of the combustion region is configured to be in a range of 36 to 64% of an in-furnace cross-sectional area of the pyrolysis region. Device.

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