JP2008291076A - Carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization apparatus in which dry distilled gas is efficiently purified. <P>SOLUTION: The carbonization apparatus for carbonizing a material to be treated includes: preliminary chambers (first and second preliminary chambers 11, 12); heating chambers (first to fourth heating chambers 21-24); cooling chambers (first to third cooling chambers 31-33); and exhaust pipes 3 for removing gases discharged from those chambers, and also includes: a cooler 6 for cooling gas removed from the heating chambers (first to fourth heating chambers 21-24) to separate oil; an oil recovery unit 7 in which gas removed from the cooler 6 is passed through an oil adsorbing liquid to separate oil contained in the surplus gas; a safety unit 9 in which gas removed from the oil recovery unit 7 is passed through water to prevent backward flow of the gas; and a second odor and smoke eliminating device 61 for burning gas removed from the safety unit 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in a carbonization apparatus that recycles organic matter such as waste tires, wood, and other wastes into oil, gas, carbonized products, and the like.

  For example, in the dry distillation gas generated when organic substances such as rubber and plastic are thermally decomposed, the oil component is separated through a cooler, but surplus gas containing a low boiling point component that is not liquefied by this cooler is generated, and this surplus gas is It has an odor and cannot be released into the atmosphere as it is. For this reason, in the conventional carbonization apparatus, excess gas is burned in a deodorizing and smoking apparatus (combustion furnace) to make it harmless, and deodorization is performed.

  Conventionally, as this type of carbonization apparatus, a plurality of treatment chambers closed via a shut-off door are provided in series, and in each treatment chamber, a loading process, a preheating process, a pyrolysis (dry distillation) process, and a cooling process. The unloading process and the like are sequentially performed (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  The system disclosed in Patent Document 1 cools the gas discharged from each processing chamber to separate the oil, and finally divides the surplus gas after cooling and the gas discharged from each processing chamber into two systems. The gas collected in each system is combusted by two deodorizing and smoke eliminating devices and discharged to the outside.

The system disclosed in Patent Document 2 cools the gas discharged from each processing chamber to separate the oil component, collects the metal in the gas, and finally converts the gas that has undergone these purification processes to 1 They are collected in the system and discharged.
JP-A-8-283594 JP-A-9-248549

  In the carbonization apparatus disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the gas having significantly different properties such as the amount of heat discharged from each processing chamber is collected and purified, the efficiency of purifying the exhaust gas is improved. There was a problem that it was low and caused an increase in the size of the purification device.

  In addition, oil obtained by liquefying dry distillation gas (dry distillation oil) has properties that can be used as fuel oil for burners in a deodorizing and smoke eliminating device, but if a large amount of sludge such as sulfur is contained, There is a possibility that clogging may occur in the fuel piping and fuel nozzle. For this reason, conventionally, LPG, city gas, heavy oil, or the like is used as the burner fuel, and there is a problem that the processing cost increases.

  In addition, in the conventional system, a safety device is provided before the surplus gas is introduced into the deodorizing and smoke eliminating device, and this safety device passes the gas introduced into the deodorizing and smoke eliminating device through the water to stop the back flow of the gas. It is designed to stop backfire from the deodorant and smoke eliminating device by the water stored in the safety device. However, since the oil and sludge contained in the surplus gas are captured by the water stored in the safety device, it is necessary to periodically replace the water stored in the safety device and purify the waste liquid.

  In addition, if there is a lot of oil contained in the surplus gas introduced into the deodorant and smoke eliminator, the oil contained in the excess gas is liquefied by the gas suction fan provided at the inlet of the deodorant and smoke eliminator and droops outside. there is a possibility.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization apparatus that efficiently purifies a dry distillation gas.

  The present invention includes a plurality of preliminary chambers in which a process before pyrolyzing a processed product is performed, a heating chamber in which the processed product is heated and pyrolyzed, and a plurality of coolings in which a process after pyrolyzing the processed product is performed. Chambers, blocking doors that block each of the preliminary chambers, heating chambers, and cooling chambers arranged in series, conveying means that open and close the blocking doors to transfer the processed material, and each of the preliminary chambers, heating chambers, and cooling chambers An exhaust pipe for taking out the exhausted gas, and a carbonization device for carbonizing the processed product, a cooler for cooling the gas taken out from the heating chamber to separate oil, and a gas taken out from the cooler The oil recovery unit that separates the oil contained in the surplus gas through the oil adsorbing liquid, the safety device that stops the back flow of the gas by passing the gas extracted from the oil recovery device into the water, and the safety device Equipped with a deodorizing and smoke eliminating device It was the one that characterized the door.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to guide the gas in which the oil content is sufficiently recovered by the cooler and the oil content recovery device to the deodorization and smoke eliminating device via the safety device, and is captured by the water stored in the safety device. By reducing the amount of oil, it is possible to reduce the burden of purification treatment of wastewater, and it is possible to prevent abnormal combustion and explosion from occurring in the deodorant and smoke eliminating device. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the oil contained in the surplus gas from being liquefied and dripping down to the outside by the gas suction fan provided at the inlet of the deodorant and smoke eliminating device.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a carbonization apparatus that thermally decomposes and carbonizes an organic substance to be discarded will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-4, a carbonization apparatus is 1st, 2nd preliminary | backup chambers 11 and 12, 1st-4th heating chamber (carbonization chamber) 21-24 along the flow direction of a carbonization process, First to third cooling chambers 31 to 33 are provided in series.

  As shown by the arrows in FIG. 1, the processing object (carbonized material) charged into the first preliminary chamber 11 is sequentially transferred to the processing chambers 11, 12, 21 to 24, 31 to 33, and will be described later. In the treatment chambers 11, 12, 21 to 24, 31 to 33, treatments for carbonizing the organic matter in the treatment are sequentially performed, and the carbonized matter is taken out from the third cooling chamber 33.

  Note that the number of the above-described processing chambers 11, 12, 21 to 24, 31 to 33 is not limited to this, and may be increased or decreased according to a required processing capacity or the like. For example, not only the four first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24 but three or less or five or more heating chambers may be provided.

  A carbonization apparatus is provided with the container in which a processed material is put as a conveyance means, and the conveyor which conveys this container. The conveyor extends inside and outside each processing chamber 11, 12, 21-24, 31-33, and conveys the container in the flow direction (substantially horizontal direction) indicated by an arrow.

  The carbonization apparatus includes 10 blocking doors 5 as means for opening and closing the processing chambers 11, 12, 21 to 24, 31 to 33. Each door 5 is raised and lowered via a drive mechanism (not shown), and when it is pulled up to a predetermined open position, the entrances and exits of the processing chambers 11, 12, 21 to 24, 31 to 33 are opened and the containers are conveyed via a conveyor. Is allowed to pass through, while when it is pulled down to a predetermined closed position, the entrance / exit of each processing chamber 11, 12, 21-24, 31-33 is closed, and each processing chamber 11, 12, 21-24, 31-33 is opened. Each is sealed.

  Each processing chamber 11, 12, 21-24, 31-33 is provided with a nitrogen gas injection pipe 2 for injecting nitrogen gas and an exhaust pipe 3 for discharging the gas in the room. Nitrogen gas is injected through the nitrogen gas injection pipe 2 and a low oxygen concentration atmosphere is formed by nitrogen replacement in which the indoor gas is forcibly discharged through the exhaust pipe 3.

  The 1st-4th heating chambers 21-24 are provided along with the center part about the flow direction of a carbonization process. In the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24, the processed material in the container is heated by a heater (not shown) at a predetermined temperature condition (for example, about 360 ° C. to 450 ° C.) without burning the processed material in a low oxygen concentration atmosphere. Pyrolysis (dry distillation) and carbonization. In the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24, a high-calorie dry distillation gas is generated from the processed material by this thermal decomposition, and the gas discharged from the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24 to the exhaust pipe 3 by nitrogen replacement. The concentration of the combustible component in is high.

  In this way, the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24 perform the carbonization treatment for thermally decomposing the processed material, but the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24 are preliminarily subjected to the treatment before the thermal decomposition. First and second auxiliary chambers 11 and 12 are provided as chambers.

  The second preliminary chamber 12 is arranged in front of the first heating chamber 21, and the container is carried into the first heating chamber 21 from the second preliminary chamber 12 by opening and closing the blocking door 5. In the second preliminary chamber 12, nitrogen replacement is performed, and the processed material in the container is preheated under a predetermined temperature condition by a heater.

  In the second preliminary chamber 12, almost no carbonization gas is generated from the processed material during the preliminary heating described above, but the carbonization gas in the adjacent first heating chamber 21 flows in when the shut-off door 5 is opened and closed, and the second preliminary chamber 12 is replaced by nitrogen replacement. The concentration of the combustible component in the gas discharged from the chamber 12 to the exhaust pipe 3 becomes high to some extent.

  The first preliminary chamber 11 is disposed in the foremost part in the flow direction of the carbonization process, the container 5 is carried into the first preliminary chamber 11 by opening and closing the blocking door 5, and nitrogen replacement is performed.

  The first preliminary chamber 11 is disposed in front of the second preliminary chamber 12, and the container is carried into the second preliminary chamber 12 from the first preliminary chamber 11 by opening and closing the blocking door 5. In the first preliminary chamber 11, no pyrolysis gas is generated from the processed material because pyrolysis of the processed material is not performed, and a small amount of dry distillation gas remaining in the adjacent second preliminary chamber 12 flows in when the shut-off door 5 is opened and closed. However, the concentration of the combustible component in the gas in the gas discharged from the first preliminary chamber 11 to the exhaust pipe 3 due to nitrogen substitution is low.

  Behind the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24, first to third cooling chambers 31 to 33 are provided as cooling chambers in which processing after thermal decomposition is performed.

  The first cooling chamber 31 is disposed behind the fourth heating chamber 24, and the container is carried into the first cooling chamber 31 from the fourth heating chamber 24 by opening and closing the blocking door 5. In the first cooling chamber 31, the first stage cooling of the processed material is performed, and the dry distillation gas is generated from the processed material due to the residual heat, and the dry distillation gas of the adjacent fourth heating chamber 24 flows in when the shut-off door 5 is opened and closed, The concentration of the combustible component in the gas discharged from the first cooling chamber 31 to the exhaust pipe 3 becomes high to some extent.

  The second cooling chamber 32 is disposed behind the first cooling chamber 31, and the container is carried into the second cooling chamber 32 from the first cooling chamber 31 by opening and closing the blocking door 5. In the second cooling chamber 32, the second stage cooling of the processed material is performed, and little carbonization gas is generated from the processed material due to residual heat, and a small amount remaining in the adjacent first cooling chamber 31 when the shut-off door 5 is opened and closed. However, the concentration of the combustible component in the gas discharged from the second cooling chamber 32 to the exhaust pipe 3 by nitrogen replacement is low.

  The third cooling chamber 33 is disposed behind the second cooling chamber 32, opens and closes the blocking door 5, and the container is carried into the third cooling chamber 33 from the second cooling chamber 32. In the third cooling chamber 33, the third stage of the processed product is cooled, and hardly any dry distillation gas is generated from the processed product due to the residual heat, and the remaining in the adjacent second cooling chamber 32 when the shut-off door 5 is opened and closed. A small amount of dry distillation gas flows in, but the concentration of combustible components in the gas discharged from the third cooling chamber 33 to the exhaust pipe 3 due to nitrogen replacement is low.

  The 3rd cooling chamber 33 is arrange | positioned at the rearmost part with respect to the flow direction of a carbonization process, the door 5 is opened and closed, and a container is carried out from the 3rd cooling chamber 33 outside.

In the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24, during the thermal decomposition of the processed material, a high-calorie dry distillation gas is generated from the processed material, and this dry distillation gas contains a large amount of hydrocarbon-based combustible components. This combustible component is liquefied and cooled to recover flammable oil by being cooled by the cooler 6 through the exhaust gas, but the surplus gas that has passed through the cooler 6 contains a combustible component that has not been liquefied at a low boiling point. This surplus gas has a calorific value of about 1,000 to 10,000 kcal / m ^3, for example.

  In the second preliminary chamber 12, almost no carbonization gas is generated from the processed product during the preliminary heating of the processed product, but the dry distillation gas in the adjacent first heating chamber 21 flows in when the shut-off door 5 is opened and closed. The gas discharged from the chamber 12 is cooled by the cooler 6 through the exhaust pipe 3, whereby the combustible component is liquefied and flammable oil is recovered. The surplus gas that has passed through the cooler 6 is low in excess gas. Contains some combustible components that did not liquefy at the boiling point.

  In the first cooling chamber 31, dry distillation gas is generated due to residual heat when the processed material is cooled, and the dry distillation gas in the adjacent fourth heating chamber 24 flows in when the shut-off door 5 is opened and closed, and is discharged from the first cooling chamber 31. The combustible gas is cooled by the cooler 6 through the exhaust pipe 3 to liquefy this combustible component, and the combustible oil is recovered. The surplus gas that has passed through the cooler 6 is liquefied at a low boiling point. Contains some combustible components that were not present.

  As equipment for processing the gas discharged from each processing chamber 11, 32, 33, a safety device 8 that stops the backflow of the gas and a first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51 that combusts the gas are provided.

  As equipment for processing the gas discharged from each of the processing chambers 12, 21 to 24, 31, a cooler 6 that cools the gas and separates the oil content, and an oil content recovery device 7 that recovers the oil content contained in the surplus gas, , Safety devices 8 and 9 for stopping the backflow of gas, and a second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 for burning the gas.

  In the present embodiment, two second deodorizing and smoking devices 61 and one first deodorizing and smoking device 51 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of installations is required. You may increase / decrease according to capability etc.

  The gas having a small amount of combustible components discharged from the first preliminary chamber 11, the second cooling chamber 32, and the third cooling chamber 33 is introduced into the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51 through the first exhaust passage 50. Deodorized and smoke is removed in the high temperature atmosphere of the odor and smoke eliminating device 51, and discharged from the exhaust heat cylinder 55 of the first odor and smoke eliminating device 51 to the outside.

  Each exhaust pipe 3 extending from the first preliminary chamber 11, the second cooling chamber 32, and the third cooling chamber 33 is connected to one safety device 8, and the gas that has passed through the safety device 8 passes through the first exhaust passage 50. Guided to the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51. That is, the cooler and the oil content recovery unit are not provided in the path through which the gas in the first preliminary chamber 11, the second cooling chamber 32, and the third cooling chamber 33 is led to the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51.

  The safety device 8 has the same structure as a safety device 9 (see FIG. 6) described later, and functions to stop the backfire from the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51 by water stored in the safety device 8. Gases from a primary oil tank 41, each secondary oil tank 42, each centrifugal separator 97, a clean oil tank 43, an indoor tank 47, and an overflow receiving tank 44, which will be described later, are also introduced into the safety device 8.

  A suction fan 56 is interposed in the first exhaust passage 50, and gas is sent to the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51 through the suction fan 56.

  The first deodorization and smoke eliminating device 51 discharges the gas burned in the combustion furnace 54, the burner 53 for holding the temperature in the combustion furnace facing the combustion furnace 54, and the gas burned in the combustion furnace 54 to the outside. And a heat exhaust cylinder 55.

  The burner 53 for maintaining the temperature in the combustion furnace is provided near the outlet in the combustion furnace 54, and the fuel supplied thereto is combusted in the combustion furnace 54, and the combustion furnace 54 has a predetermined temperature (for example, about 800 ° C.). To keep on.

  The first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51 uses the combustion furnace 54 as a capacity capable of obtaining a required gas residence time, and the gas (dry distillation gas + nitrogen) passes through the high temperature atmosphere in the combustion furnace 54, thereby eliminating the gas. Odor treatment is performed efficiently.

  Gases containing a large amount of combustible components discharged from the second preliminary chamber 12, the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24, and the first cooling chamber 31 are introduced into the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 through the second exhaust passage 60. Then, after combustion in the second deodorization and smoke eliminating device 61, the smoke is deodorized and deodorized in a high temperature atmosphere, and is discharged to the outside from the exhaust heat cylinder 65 of the second deodorization and smoke eliminating device 61.

  On the other hand, in the exhaust pipe 3 for discharging the gas from the second preliminary chamber 12, the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24, and the first cooling chamber 31, respectively, a cooler 6, an oil content recovery device 7 and a safety device 9 are provided. It is inserted in series.

  The dry distillation gas discharged from the second preliminary chamber 12, the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24 and the first cooling chamber 31 through the exhaust pipe 3 is cooled by each cooler 6, and the oil contained in the dry distillation gas is liquefied. To do.

  The cooler 6 includes a cooling water pipe group through which cooling water flows and a heat exchange unit in which cooling water circulates around a gas pipe through which the dry distillation gas passes. The dry distillation gas is cooled by these to be liquefied from the dry distillation gas. Collect sludge such as oil and sulfur.

  The oil liquefied in each cooler 6 is sent to the primary oil tank 41 through the pipes 15, and the oil in the primary oil tank 41 passes through the pipes 16 and the oil feed pumps 26 to form three secondary oil tanks (oil tanks). ) 42, and the oil in each secondary oil tank 42 is sent to the clean oil tank 43 via each pipe 17 and each oil feed pump 27 and stored.

  An overflow receiving tank 44 for storing oil overflowed from the primary oil tank 41 and the secondary oil tanks 42 and 43 is provided. Oil that has overflowed from the primary oil tank 41 is sent to the overflow receiving tank 44 through the pipe 35, and oil that has overflowed from the secondary oil tank 42 is sent to the overflow receiving tank 44 through the pipe 36, and the oil that has overflowed from the clean oil tank 43 It is sent to the overflow receiving tank 44 through the pipe 19. The oil in the overflow receiving tank 44 is returned to the primary oil tank 41 via the pipe 37 and the oil feed pump 38.

  In the underground tank 46 and the indoor tank 47, for example, fuel oil such as A heavy oil is stored. Oil overflowed from the indoor tank 47 is sent to the underground tank 46 through the pipe 49. The oil in the underground tank 46 is returned to the indoor tank 47 via the oil feed pump 48.

  The oil in the indoor tank 47 and the oil in the clean oil tank (fuel tank) 43 pass through the fuel supply passage 18 and the combustion furnace burners 62 and 63 of the second deodorization and smoke removal device 61 and the first deodorization and smoke removal device 51. To the combustion furnace burner 53. The indoor tank 47 is connected to the fuel supply passage 18 via a switching valve 58, and the clean oil tank (fuel tank) 43 is connected to the fuel supply passage 18 via a switching valve 59.

  When dry distillation starts (when clean oil is not stored in the clean oil tank 43) and when there is not enough clean oil in the clean oil tank 43 during dry distillation, the switching valve 59 is closed and the switching valve 58 is opened to open the indoor tank. Heavy oil is supplied from 47 through the fuel supply passage 18 to the combustion furnace burners 53, 62, 63. When the cleaning oil is sufficiently stored in the cleaning oil tank 43, the switching valve 59 is opened and the switching valve 58 is closed to supply the cleaning oil from the cleaning oil tank 43 to the combustion furnace burners 53, 62, 63 through the fuel supply passage 18. .

  A waste water tank 45 for storing waste water taken out from each safety device 9 and safety device 8 is provided. Waste water from each safety device 9 is guided to the waste water tank 45 through the piping 67 and waste water from the safety device 8 is guided through the piping 68.

  The combustion furnace burners 53, 62, 63 are of the water mixed combustion type, and the oil supplied from the clean oil tank 43 or the indoor tank 47 through the fuel supply passage 18 through the flow rate adjusting valve 57 and the wastewater tank 45. The waste water supplied through the waste water supply passage 69 through the flow rate adjustment valve 20 is mixed and burned. The amount of fuel oil and water supplied to the combustion furnace burners 53, 62, 63 is adjusted by the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 57 and the flow rate adjusting valve 20 so as to obtain an appropriate mixing ratio.

  The surplus gas that has passed through the cooler 6 is sent to the oil content collector 7 where oil and sludge contained in the surplus gas are recovered. The oil and sludge recovered by the oil recovery unit 7 are sent to the primary oil tank 41 through the pipe 10.

  As will be described later, the oil content collector 7 accumulates an oil content adsorbing liquid, passes surplus gas into the oil content adsorbing liquid, and the oil contained in the surplus gas is liquefied and recovered by touching the oil content adsorbing liquid. The surplus gas that has come out on the oil adsorbent in the oil recovery unit 7 is sent to the safety unit 9 through the pipe 8.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the oil recovery unit 7 includes an oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 that stores an oil adsorbing liquid, and the space on the oil adsorbing liquid surface is divided into three gas chambers 76 to 78 by two partition walls 79, Three gas inflow pipes 71 to 73 for discharging excess gas are provided in the oil adsorbing liquid below the gas chambers 76 to 78.

  In addition, the number of the gas chambers 76 to 78 and the gas inflow pipes 71 to 73 is not limited to this, and is arbitrarily set according to the required processing capacity.

  The surplus gas that has passed through the cooler 6 flows out into the oil adsorbing liquid in the oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 through the gas inflow pipe 71, and the surplus gas that has exited into the gas chamber 76 on the oil adsorbing liquid surface passes through the gas inflow pipe 72. It passes through the oil adsorbing liquid in the oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 and flows out into the gas adsorbing liquid in the oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 through the gas inflow pipe 73. Then, surplus gas that has exited into the gas chamber 78 on the surface of the oil adsorbing liquid flows out through the gas outflow pipe 85. The surplus gas that has left the oil recovery unit 7 through the gas outflow pipe 85 is guided to the safety device 9 through the surplus gas introduction pipe 85.

  The oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 is provided with a gas passage plate 81 as a bubble dividing means 80 that allows excess gas bubbles that flow after flowing out from the gas inflow pipes 71 to 73 to pass and divide into fine bubbles. The surplus gas flowing out as large bubbles from the gas inflow pipes 71 to 73 becomes fine bubbles by passing through the gas passage plate 81 in the process of rising in the oil adsorbing liquid, and the oil contained in the surplus gas becomes the oil adsorbing liquid. Is liquefied and mixed with the oil adsorbing liquid.

  The gas passage plate 81 has a large number of small holes opened at predetermined intervals. The bubble dividing means 80 is not limited to the gas passage plate 81 but may be a mesh material, for example.

  Three gas passage plates 81 are provided side by side in the vertical direction, and the lower end portions of the gas inflow pipes 71 to 73 are inserted into the gas passage plates 81. The number of gas passage plates 81 is not limited to this, and may be arbitrarily set according to the required processing capacity.

  A notch-like gas intake port 82 is formed at the upper opening end of each gas inflow pipe 72, 73 with respect to the gas chamber 77, and an oil mist collision plate 83 facing the gas intake port 82 is fixed. Thereby, the gas in the gas chamber 77 flows from the gas intake port 82 to the relay pipe 88 beyond the oil mist collision plate 83. When the oil adsorbing liquid in the oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 is a bubble and oil mist is generated in the gas chamber 77, the oil mist strikes the oil mist collision plate 83 to be liquefied.

  A disk-shaped oil mist collision plate 86 is provided opposite to the opening end of the gas outflow pipe 85 with respect to the gas chamber 77. As a result, the gas in the gas chamber 77 bypasses the oil mist collision plate 86 and flows into the gas outflow pipe 85. When the oil adsorbing liquid in the oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 is a bubble and oil mist is generated in the gas chamber 77, the oil mist strikes the oil mist collision plate 86 and is liquefied.

  The oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 has an outlet 87 opened at a lower portion thereof, and a valve 89 for opening and closing the outlet 87 is provided. The oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 has a bottom portion 88 that is inclined toward the outlet 87, and sludge contained in the oil adsorbing liquid gathers at the outlet 87 through the bottom portion 88 due to gravity, and the sludge is adsorbed when the valve 89 is opened. It is sent to the primary oil tank 41 through the pipe 10 together with the liquid.

  A heavy oil A is supplied from the indoor tank 47 through the pipe 91 to the oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 through the oil feed pump 92 as an oil adsorbing liquid. The oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 is provided with a liquid level gauge (not shown) for detecting the liquid level of the oil adsorbing liquid. When the detected liquid level is lower than a predetermined value, the valve 90 is opened, and A heavy oil is supplied from the indoor tank 47 to the oil component adsorbing liquid tank 75.

  A heavy oil is used as the oil adsorbing liquid, but A heavy oil has an appropriate viscosity as a liquid that wraps bubbles of excess gas, and it has been experimentally shown that the oil recovery rate can be increased compared to light oil or the like having a lower viscosity. confirmed.

  It is conceivable that the oil adsorbing liquid is not limited to A heavy oil but other fuel oil or water. However, when water is used as the oil adsorbing liquid, an oil / water separator or the like is required to recover the oil floating in the water.

  The oil adsorbing liquid overflowing from the oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 flows out from the discharge pipe 95 and is sent to the primary oil tank 41 through the pipe 15.

  The surplus gas that has passed through the oil recovery unit 7 is sent to the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 through the safety device 9 and combusted in the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61.

  Water is stored in the safety device 9, and the flow of gas flowing backward from the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 through the pipe 50 is blocked by this water. Since the water in the safety device 9 is polluted with the passage of surplus gas, it is periodically discharged to the waste water tank 45 through the pipe 67.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the safety device 9 includes a water tank 93 that stores water and a surplus gas introduction pipe 94 that faces the water in the water tank 93. The surplus gas guided through the surplus gas introduction pipe 94 becomes bubbles and flows out into the water in the water tank 93, and surplus gas discharged onto the water is sent to the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 through the pipe 50. The flow of gas that flows backward from the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 through the pipe 50 to the safety device 9 is stopped by the water stored in the safety device 9. The flame that propagates through the pipe 50 from the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 is blocked by water stored in the safety device 9.

  Water supplied through a pipe 68 is stored in the water tank 93 of the safety device 9. Waste water overflowing from the water tank 93 flows out to the waste water tank 45 through the pipe 67. During maintenance of the safety device 9, the valve 39 is opened to drain water.

  Sludge is deposited from the dry distillation gas flowing through the cooler 6 and the oil content collector 7, and this sludge is sent together with the liquefied oil to the primary oil tank 41 through the pipe 15, and from the primary oil tank 41 through the pipe 16 to the secondary oil tank. 42.

  The secondary oil tank 42 is provided with an oil circulation circuit 96 that circulates oil accumulated therein, and a centrifuge 97 that separates and removes sludge and the like contained in the oil is provided in the middle of the oil circulation circuit 96. The oil circulation circuit 96 includes a plurality of pipes that communicate the secondary oil tank 42 and the centrifugal separator 97. The oil in the secondary oil tank 42 is sucked into the pump of the centrifuge 97 through one pipe, and the oil flowing out from the centrifuge 97 flows down to the secondary oil tank 42 through the other pipe. The centrifugal separator 97 separates sludge from the oil circulating through the centrifugal force. After the sludge separation and removal step in which the sludge is separated in this way, the oil feed pump 27 is driven, and the oil in the secondary oil tank 42 is sent to the clean oil tank 43 through the pipe 17 and stored.

  A clean oil circulation circuit 99 that circulates the oil in the clean oil tank 43 via a circulation pump 98 is provided. The suction port of the clean oil circulation circuit 99 is connected to the lower part of the clean oil tank 43. The circulation pump 98 is driven and the oil in the clean oil tank 43 circulates through the clean oil circulation circuit 99, so that the tar-like substance contained in the oil in the clean oil tank 43 is stirred so as not to precipitate. As a result, the tar-like substance is uniformly mixed with the oil sent from the clean oil tank 43 through the fuel supply passage 18 to the combustion furnace burners 62, 63, 53, and combusts with the oil in each combustion furnace burner 62, 63, 53. .

  A suction fan 66 is interposed in the second exhaust passage 60, and gas is sent to the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 through the suction fan 66.

  The second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 includes a combustion furnace 64 that retains gas, a small-capacity burner 62 for igniting combustible gas facing the combustion furnace 64, a large-capacity burner 63 for maintaining the temperature in the combustion furnace, And an exhaust heat cylinder 65 for discharging the gas burned in the combustion furnace 64 to the outside.

  The small-capacity burner 62 for igniting the combustible gas is provided near the inlet in the combustion furnace 64, and the fuel supplied thereto is combusted in the combustion furnace 64 and combustible contained in the gas flowing into the combustion furnace 64. The ingredients are ignited.

  A large-capacity burner 63 for maintaining the temperature in the combustion furnace is provided near the outlet in the combustion furnace 64, and the fuel supplied thereto is combusted in the combustion furnace 64, and the inside of the combustion furnace 64 is heated to a predetermined temperature (for example, 800 ° C.). Degree) or more.

  The second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 burns incombustible components of gas (dry distillation gas + nitrogen) and detoxifies the gases, and burns as the combustible components of the gas burn. The capacity of the combustion furnace 64 is ensured so that the temperature in the furnace 64 does not exceed a permissible value (for example, several hundreds of degrees Celsius). The combustion furnace 64 prevents abnormal combustion and prevents explosion.

  Next, the operation and effect will be described.

  Indirect heating of the organic substance in an oxygen-free state in the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24 sealed through the shut-off door 5 makes the organic substance carbonized to produce a carbonized product, and a carbonized gas containing oil Is taken out through the exhaust pipe 3.

  The high-temperature dry distillation gas taken out from the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24 is cooled by the cooler 6, and the oil content in the dry distillation gas is liquefied and recovered.

  The surplus gas taken out from the cooler 6 contains the oil that has not been liquefied here, but this oil is liquefied by touching the oil adsorbed liquid stored in the oil recovering unit 7, and this liquefied oil becomes the oil adsorbed liquid. Captured and recovered.

  The surplus gas from which the oil has been sufficiently removed by the oil recovery unit 7 is sent to the safety unit 9, whereby the oil component is prevented from being liquefied and floating in the water stored in the safety unit 9, and passed through the waste water tank 45. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a shortage of water supplied to each combustion furnace burner 62, 63, 53 of the water mixed combustion system.

  On the other hand, the surplus gas taken out through the safety device 9 is sent to the second deodorization and smoke eliminating device 61. By reducing the oil content contained in the surplus gas that has passed through the safety device 9, the second deodorization and smoke removal is performed. It is possible to prevent the oil contained in the surplus gas from being liquefied and dripping down by the gas suction fan provided at the inlet of the device 61.

  Thus, the gas containing a large amount of combustible components discharged from the second preliminary chamber 12, the first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24, and the first cooling chamber 31 passes through the second exhaust passage 60 to the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61. Introduced and combusted in the second deodorant and smoke eliminating device 61, and deodorized and smoke eliminated in the high temperature atmosphere of the second deodorant and smoke eliminating device 61. It is discharged outside.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of preliminary chambers (first and second preliminary chambers 11 and 12) in which processing before pyrolyzing the processed material is performed, and heating chambers (first to second) that heat and decompose the processed material. The fourth heating chambers 21 to 24), a plurality of cooling chambers (first to third cooling chambers 31 to 33) in which processing after pyrolyzing the processing object is performed, and each preliminary chamber (first, The second preliminary chambers 11 and 12), the heating chambers (first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24), and the cooling chambers (first to third cooling chambers 31 to 33), respectively. 5 is opened and closed to convey the processed material, each preliminary chamber (first and second preliminary chambers 11 and 12), heating chamber (first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24), and each cooling chamber (first 1 to 3rd cooling chambers 31 to 33), and an exhaust pipe 3 for taking out gas discharged from the cooling chambers, and a carbonization apparatus for carbonizing a processed material, wherein the heating chambers (first to fourth) A cooler 6 for cooling the gas taken out from the heat chambers 21 to 24) to separate the oil, and an oil for separating the oil contained in the surplus gas by passing the gas taken out from the cooler 6 through the oil adsorbing liquid A recovery device 7, a safety device 9 that stops the reverse flow of the gas by passing the gas extracted from the oil recovery device 7 into water, and a deodorization and smoke eliminating device (second deodorization device) that burns the gas extracted from the safety device 9 The smoke-removing device 61) is provided, so that the gas in which the oil component is sufficiently recovered by the cooler 6 and the oil-recovery device 7 can be guided to the second deodorization and smoke-removing device 61 via the safety device 9, The amount of oil trapped in the water stored in the safety device 9 can be reduced, so that the burden of purification treatment of wastewater can be reduced, and abnormal combustion and deodorization and smoke removal equipment (second deodorization and smoke removal equipment 61) The explosion can be prevented. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the oil component contained in the surplus gas from being liquefied by the gas suction fan 56 provided at the inlet of the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 and dripping down.

  In the present embodiment, a deodorizing and smoke eliminating device (including a clean oil tank 43 for storing oil liquefied by the cooler 6 and the oil content collector 7 and a waste water tank 45 for storing waste water taken out from the safety device 8 is provided. The second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61) is provided with combustion furnace burners 62 and 63 of the water-mixing combustion system, and the combustion furnace burners 62 and 63 are oil supplied from the clean oil tank 43 and waste water supplied from the waste water tank 45. Because the recovered oil is used, the consumption of fuel oil such as A heavy oil can be suppressed, and the waste water from the waste water tank 45 can be treated in the system without being discharged to the outside. , Wastewater treatment costs can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, a secondary oil tank 42 into which oil liquefied by the cooler 6 and the oil content collector 7 is introduced, an oil circulation circuit 96 that circulates the oil stored in the secondary oil tank 42, And a centrifugal separator 97 that separates and removes sludge from the oil circulating in the oil circulation circuit 96. Therefore, the oil separated and removed by the centrifugal separator 97 is sent to the clean oil tank 43, and each combustion furnace burner 62, 63 can prevent sludge from clogging.

  In the present embodiment, the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51 and the second deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 61 are provided independently, respectively, and a spare chamber (first) that is not adjacent to the heating chamber (first to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24). A first exhaust passage 50 that collects gases discharged from the one preliminary chamber 11) and the cooling chambers (second cooling chamber 32, third cooling chamber 33) and guides them to the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device 51; First to fourth heating chambers 21 to 24), a preliminary chamber (second preliminary chamber 12) adjacent thereto, and a gas discharged from the cooling chamber (first cooling chamber 31) to collect second deodorant and smoke Since the second exhaust passage 60 led to the device 61 is provided, a gas having a low heat quantity is led to the first deodorization and smoke removal device 51 through the first exhaust passage 50, so that the first deodorization and smoke removal device 51 is changed. While the combustion furnace 54 is reduced in size to deodorize the gas, a gas having a high calorific value passes through the second exhaust passage 60 and the second deodorizing and deodorizing gas is removed. By being guided to the device 61, the second deodorizing and smoking device 61 deodorizes the gas and burns the combustible component of the gas to make it harmless. Explosion can be prevented.

  In the present embodiment, as the oil recovery unit 7, an oil adsorbing liquid tank 75 that stores an oil adsorbing liquid, gas inflow pipes 71 to 73 that flow excess gas into the oil adsorbing liquid, and surplus gas that floats in the oil adsorbing liquid. Bubble dividing means 80 for allowing the bubbles to pass and split into fine bubbles, gas chambers 76 to 78 for collecting surplus gas that has come out on the oil adsorbed liquid surface, and gas outflow pipe 85 for taking out surplus gas that has come out to the gas chamber 78 Therefore, surplus gas flowing out as large bubbles from the gas inflow pipes 71 to 73 becomes fine bubbles by passing through the bubble dividing means 80 in the process of rising in the oil adsorbing liquid, and is included in the surplus gas. The oil component is urged to come into contact with the oil component adsorbing liquid to be liquefied, and the surplus gas from which the oil component has been sufficiently recovered can be taken out from the oil component recovery device 7.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

The system diagram of the carbonization apparatus which shows embodiment of this invention. The system figure which expanded a part of FIG. 1 similarly. The system figure which expanded a part of FIG. 1 similarly. The system figure which expanded a part of FIG. 1 similarly. Similarly sectional drawing of an oil content recovery device. Sectional drawing of a safety device.

Explanation of symbols

3 Exhaust pipe 6 Cooler 7 Oil recovery unit 8, 9 Safety device 11 First spare room (spare room)
12 Second spare room (spare room)
21 First heating chamber (heating chamber)
22 Second heating chamber (heating chamber)
23 Third heating chamber (heating chamber)
24 Fourth heating chamber (heating chamber)
31 First cooling chamber (cooling chamber)
32 Second cooling chamber (cooling chamber)
33 Third cooling chamber (cooling chamber)
42 Secondary oil tank (oil tank)
43 Cleaning Oil Tank 45 Waste Water Tank 50 First Exhaust Passage 51 First Deodorization Smoke Eliminator 53 Combustion Furnace Burner 60 Second Exhaust Passage 61 Second Deodorization Smoke Eliminator (Deodorant Smoke Eliminator)
62, 63 Combustion furnace burner 71-73 Gas inflow pipe 76-78 Gas chamber 80 Bubble dividing means

Claims (5)

A plurality of preliminary chambers in which processing before pyrolyzing the processing object is performed, a heating chamber in which the processing object is heated and pyrolyzed, and a plurality of cooling chambers in which processing after pyrolyzing the processing object is performed are connected in series. The preliminary chamber, the heating chamber, and the cooling chamber, which are lined up in each, a blocking door, a transfer means for opening and closing the blocking door to transfer the processed material, and a gas discharged from each of the preliminary chamber, the heating chamber, and each cooling chamber An exhaust pipe for taking out gas, and a carbonization device for carbonizing a processed material,
A cooler that cools the gas taken out from the heating chamber and separates the oil; an oil collector that separates the oil contained in the surplus gas by passing the gas taken out from the cooler through the oil adsorbing liquid; and A carbonization apparatus comprising: a safety device that passes a gas taken out from an oil recovery unit into water to stop the reverse flow of the gas; and a deodorizing and smoke eliminating device that burns the gas taken out from the safety device.   A clean oil tank for storing oil liquefied by the cooler and the oil content recovery device, and a waste water tank for storing waste water taken out from the safety device, wherein the deodorizing and smoke eliminating device is heated by a water mixing combustion method. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a furnace burner is provided, and the heating furnace burner mixes and burns oil supplied from a clean oil tank and waste water supplied from a waste water tank.   An oil tank into which oil liquefied by the cooler and the oil content recovery unit is introduced, an oil circulation circuit for circulating the oil stored in the oil tank, and sludge is separated and removed from the oil circulating in the oil circulation circuit The carbonization apparatus of Claim 1 or 2 provided with the centrifuge which performs.   A second deodorizing and smoking device provided as the deodorizing and smoking device, a first deodorizing and smoking device provided independently of the second deodorizing and smoking device, and the spare not adjacent to the heating chamber. A first exhaust passage that collects gas discharged from the chamber and the cooling chamber and guides it to the first deodorizing and smoke eliminating device, and is discharged from the heating chamber, the spare chamber adjacent to the heating chamber, and the cooling chamber The carbonization device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the second exhaust passage that collects gas and guides the gas to the second deodorization and smoke removal device.   As the oil recovery unit, an oil adsorbing liquid tank for storing an oil adsorbing liquid, a gas inflow pipe for discharging excess gas into the oil adsorbing liquid, and bubbles of surplus gas floating in the oil adsorbing liquid are passed through fine bubbles. 2. A bubble dividing means for dividing the gas into a gas, a gas chamber for collecting surplus gas that has come out on the oil adsorption liquid surface, and a gas outflow pipe for taking out the surplus gas that has come out of the gas chamber. 5. The carbonization apparatus according to any one of 4 above.