JP4577812B2 - Dry storage facility - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grain dry storage facility such as a country elevator, which includes rice, wheat, soybeans, and the like as a target grain, and includes a cargo receiving unit, a drying unit, a storage unit, a preparation shipping unit, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, dried cocoons are stored in a silo, and the cocoons are taken out from the silo before shipping. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-29346
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The prior art is provided with a dehumidifier that supplies room temperature and constant humidity air to the silo, detects the outside air temperature with a sensor, operates the dehumidifier, and supplies the room temperature and constant humidity air to the silo when the outside air temperature decreases to dehumidify. Therefore, it was possible to prevent dew condensation from occurring on the inner wall surface of the silo and prevent alterations such as drought, but grain drying work using dry air using firepower or room temperature constant humidity air is the primary drying. There is a problem that it is not possible to easily shorten each work time such as a process, a finish drying process, and a cooling pass after each process, and it is not possible to easily simplify grain drying work and reduce drying costs. .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
However, according to the present invention, as in claim 1, the cargo receiving portion (1) for receiving the grain, the drying portion (7) for drying the grain after receiving the cargo in the dryer (9 ), and the drying portion (7). In a dry storage facility having a storage part (11) with a silo (15) for storing incoming grain, a cooler (23) covered by a sun protection roof (22), and a bottom part of the silo (15) A ventilation louver (24) to be provided, a cooling valve (25) for supplying cooling air from the cooler (23) to the ventilation louver (24), a ventilation duct (26), and the silo (15). a temperature sensor (28) formed by the temperature measuring cable, the silo is provided in sheds (15) (31) and an exhaust duct (29) and ventilation fan (30), said chiller (23) cooling air By the silo (15) While configured to cool the part of the rice (27), the cooling valve (25) time setting unit for automatically controlling the plurality of the silo (15) (48) is provided cooler (23) for A cooling controller (49) and a centralized controller (50) for facility management are provided, the cooling controller (49) is connected to the centralized controller (50), and the grain is introduced from the drying unit (7). A cooling air having a constant humidity from the cooler (23) is sent to the silo (15) to forcibly cool the soot in the silo (15), and the silo (15) is charged into the dryer (9) from the load receiving part 1. When the primary dried grain is carried into the silo (15), the cooler (23) is operated and the cooling air of the cooler (23) is sent to the silo (15) to forcibly cool the grain. And after a certain time Sometimes the cooling operation of the cooler (23) is stopped, while when the grain that has been secondarily dried from the silo (15) into the dryer (9) is carried into the silo (15), The cooler (23) is operated, the cooling air of the cooler (23) is sent to the silo (15) to forcibly cool the grain, and the cooling operation of the cooler (23) is performed when a certain time has passed. It is configured to stop, the cooling pass required for thermal drying can be omitted, the time required for the conventional cooling pass can be devoted to the next drying operation, and the grains required for dehumidification (room temperature constant humidity) drying Rotation work can be omitted, night work can be reduced, primary storage of grains can be performed with higher moisture than before, and the capacity for receiving cargo can be easily increased. Quality deterioration can be prevented.
[0006]
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a country elevator, which includes a load receiving portion 1 for receiving a ginger carried by each individual and a loading port, and is a contaminant from a load receiving hopper 2 through a load receiving conveyor 3 and an elevator 4 during loading. The load receiving unit 1 is provided with a coarse selection machine 5 for removing water and a load receiving and weighing machine 6 for measuring the weight and moisture of the individual for each individual and after the rough selection.
[0008]
Further, the dryer includes a drying unit 7 that dries the ginger after receiving the cargo while preventing torso cracking, and has a continuous flow-down structure in which the ginger after receiving and weighing the cargo receiving unit 1 is carried in via the loading elevator 8. 9 and a dryer take-out conveyor 10 for taking out semi-dried rice cake or dried rice cake from the dryer 9 are provided in the drying unit 7, and the semi-dry rice cake or dried rice cake in the drying unit 7 is sent to the storage unit 11. is doing.
[0009]
Further, the storage unit 11 includes a silo 15 that carries the semi-dry rice cake or dried rice cake from the drying unit 7 via the silo elevator 12 and the input conveyors 13 and 14 and stores the take-out conveyor 16 from the silo 15. And a silo take-out elevator 17 for sending the semi-dry rice cake taken out via the silo take-out elevator 17 again to the drying unit 7. Yes.
[0010]
The adjustment shipping unit 18 includes a rice huller 19 that carries the rice cake from the silo 15 through the elevator 17 and removes it, a swing sorter 20 that takes out the good brown rice, and a shipping tank 21 into which the good brown rice is charged. Etc.
[0011]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cooler 23 covered with a awning roof 22 is installed in a place where outside air can easily pass, and the ventilation louver 24 at the bottom of the silo 15 is cooled via a cooling valve 25 and a ventilation duct 26. The cooling air of the machine 23 is fed to cool the several hundred tons of firewood 27 inside the silo 15 with the cooling air, and the temperature sensor 28 formed by the temperature measuring cable is installed inside the silo 15, and the exhaust duct 29 and A ventilation fan 30 is provided in the roof 31 of the silo 15.
[0012]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a compressor 32, a heater 33, and an air conditioning duct 34 are provided in the casing 35 of the cooler 23, a heat exhaust fan 36 is provided in the casing 35, and a filter is provided. 37, a high-pressure fan 38, an air damper 39, a dehumidifying cooling condenser 40, a heater 41 using the exhaust heat of the compressor 32, a heater 42 of the heater 33, a thermometer 43, and a hygrometer 44. The air conditioning duct 34 is installed inside.
[0013]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, first to sixth silo switches 45 for opening and turning on the cooling valves 25 and the ventilation fans 30 of the six silos 15, and the temperature and humidity settings for automatically controlling the compressor 32 and the heater 33. Facilities 46, 47 and a time setting device 48 for automatically controlling the cooling valve 25 are connected to the cooling controller 49 of the cooler 23, and the operation status of the load receiving weighing device 6, the dryer 9, and the silo 15 is input. The cooling controller 49 is connected to the central controller 50 for management, the cooling valve 25, the ventilation fan 30, the compressor 32, the heater 33, the high-pressure fan 38, etc. are operated, and the silo 15 into which the soot is introduced from the dryer 9 has a constant humidity. A cooling air is sent to forcibly cool the soot of the silo 15, and as shown in the flowchart of FIG. When the primary dried rice cake (cereal) that has been put into the machine 9 is carried into the silo 15, the cooling valve 25 is opened and the ventilation fan 30 is operated to send the cooling air of the cooling machine 23 to the silo 15 to send the rice cake. The cooling operation is stopped by forcibly cooling and the cooling valve 25 is closed when a certain time has elapsed, and the secondarily dried rice cake (cereal grains) that has been put into the dryer 9 from the silo 15 is carried into the silo 15. When this happens, the cooling valve 25 is opened and the ventilation fan 30 is operated to send the cooling air of the cooler 23 to the silo 15 to forcibly cool the soot. When a certain time has elapsed, the cooling valve 25 is closed. The cooling operation is stopped.
[0014]
As is clear from the above, in a dry storage facility that dries and stores the cereal that is the receiving grain, the cereal (grain) is carried into the silo 15 during the drying process or at the end of the drying process and forcibly cooled. The cooling process required for cooling is omitted, the time required for the conventional cooling pass is devoted to the next drying work, and some of the paddy rotation work required for dehumidification (room temperature and constant humidity) drying is partially omitted. In addition to reducing the quality of the cocoon, the primary storage of the cocoon can be carried out with higher moisture than before to increase the capacity for receiving cargo, and to prevent the occurrence of mold and the like.
[0015]
In addition, the drying process is completed by the time when the soot reaches the moisture content at which drying is completed, and the silo 15 is carried into the silo 15, and the cooling air having a humidity close to the drying finish humidity is supplied to the silo 15 so that the soot 15 is cooled. It is dehumidified and dried, shortening the operation time of the dryer 9 and easily reducing the drying cost of the koji, and making the finished koji moisture almost uniform, resulting in loss of adjusted shipment (such as rice hull or rice milling). Dry and store the grain so that there is less.
[0016]
For example, when the dryer 9 has a continuous flow-type thermal drying structure and receives 100 tons of ginger with a moisture content of 25%, the dryer 9 has a capacity of 25 tons per hour at a flow rate of 25 tons per hour. The reduction rate is 2%, and the conventional and the present invention are compared. Conventionally, primary drying is performed up to 17%, followed by primary storage, so that 25% -17% = 8% of water is removed by drying. Further, when the number of times of passing through the dryer (= number of passes) was obtained, it was 8% / 2% / pass = 4 passes, and since the cooling step = cooling pass was added thereto, a total of 5 passes were required. On the other hand, by performing forced cooling according to the present invention, the primary drying can be completed at 19%, and it is sufficient to remove 25% -19% = 6% of water, and the number of passes required for drying. Is 6% / 2% / pass = 3 passes, and if forced cooling is employed, the cooling pass is not necessary, and therefore primary drying can be completed in only 3 passes. Similarly, the time required for drying under the above conditions is estimated. Conventionally, when 5 passes of 100 tons of ginger, the drying time is 100 t × 5 passes ÷ 25 t / h = 20 hours, whereas when forced cooling is performed according to the present invention, 100 t × 3 passes ÷ 25 t / Since h = 12 hours, there is a surplus in drying capacity from the above, and even ginger with a larger amount or higher moisture than before can be received.
[0017]
Hereinafter, the steps and effects will be described following the primary drying to the final drying in the thermal drying system. The received ginger is subjected to ventilation storage and the like, and is firstly dried to 19% using a dryer 9, and the ginger having a moisture content of 19% is forcibly cooled directly in the silo 15 without passing through a cooling pass. The humidity of the blown air is set to be slightly lower than the moisture that maintains the equilibrium moisture content. Stop cooling in 2 to 3 days and stop ventilation. At this point, the moisture of the cocoon usually dries out by about 1.5 to 2.0%. This corresponds to one pass for the number of drying steps by the dryer 9. At this time, the operation shortening merit for two times of one cooling pass and one drying pass is produced. The cocoon taken out from the silo 15 at 17% is secondarily dried again by the dryer 9 and finished. The finishing moisture of the cocoons is usually 14.5%, but the work is finished at about 15%. At this time, the cooling pass can be omitted as in the primary drying. After finishing drying, it is again put into the silo 15 for forced cooling. At this time, the humidity of the blown air is set to be balanced with the finishing moisture, and the difference between the drying end moisture and the finishing moisture is dried by 0.5%, and at the same time, the convergence effect of the entire moisture error can be obtained. Here, a merit of shortening the operation for two times of one cooling pass and one drying pass is brought about. In addition, in the case of storage drying using a dehumidifier that dries soot with room temperature and constant humidity air, it is possible to maintain the quality by cooling, improve operational merits by reducing work such as rotation, converge the finished moisture, and improve the ability to concentrate on receiving goods. I can expect.
[0018]
The difference between forced cooling using the silo 15 of the present invention and conventional dehumidification drying will be described. The cooler 23 using the silo 15 of the present invention is designed with priority given to the ability to lower the temperature of the intake air because grain cooling is the original purpose. In addition, a high-pressure fan 38 is incorporated in order to blow the interior of the silo 15 (normal height = 20 m) containing grains of several hundred t from the bottom to the top against high pressure resistance, On the contrary, it is a machine with a high pressure and a small air volume of 200 ‰ or less, and since the air volume is small, the amount of dehumidification is also small. On the other hand, since the desiccator for drying is intended for grain drying, the temperature is not lowered and the dehumidifying function is designed with priority. The target grain changes every hour, but is about 100 to 2 to 300 t. For drying, a certain amount of air is theoretically required, and usually 1000 to 1200 ‰ is blown. On the other hand, the pressure is about 150 mmAq, which is an operation at a considerably lower pressure than the silo 15 cooling of the present invention.
[0019]
Furthermore, when the soot is cooled, the change in physical properties is that the moisture equilibrium between the air at a certain temperature and humidity and the moisture of the soot is established by the mutual vapor pressure. For example, if only the temperature is lowered, Atmospheric humidity rises and soot absorbs moisture, and its moisture content increases and impairs storage, so that the present invention makes it possible to adjust the humidity of the blown cold air for forced cooling, and when the temperature is lowered It prevents the moisture content of firewood from increasing. Further, in a series of drying operations in the dryer 9, the cocoon (grain) in the middle of drying is stored in the silo 15 and forcedly cooled to calm the cocoon respiration and suppress the deterioration of the cocoon consumption. In addition, the cooling has the great advantage that the propagation of microorganisms such as mold is suppressed and the safety of the lot is improved. Moreover, since the cooler 23 of the present invention is not a conventional drying dehumidifier, it does not have a large dehumidifying capacity, but it is possible to finely adjust the blast humidity within a range of several percent, and this cooling is performed during the drying. By setting the humidity, you can expect moisture reduction = drying effect, and the same phenomenon as dehumidification drying occurs by cooling the grain during the drying process that has not been done conventionally, but it is warmed by thermal drying By sending cool air to the cocoon, the drying effect is promoted.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention is carried in from the load receiving unit 1 for receiving grains, the drying unit 7 for drying the grains after receiving the cargo in the dryer 9, and the drying unit 7. In a dry storage facility having a storage unit 11 having a silo 15 for storing grain, a cooler 23 covered with a roof 22 for shading, a ventilation louver 24 provided at the bottom of the silo 15, and a cooling machine 23 to a ventilation louver 24. A cooling valve 25 and a ventilation duct 26 for supplying cooling air, a temperature sensor 28 formed by a temperature measuring cable installed inside the silo 15, an exhaust duct 29 and a ventilation fan 30 provided in the shed 31 of the silo 15. provided, while configured to cool the rice 27 inside the silo 15 by the cooling air of the cooling unit 23, the time setting for automatically controlling the cooling valve 25 of a plurality of silos 15 48 a cooling controller 49 for chiller 23 is provided, and a central controller 50 for facility management, to connect the cooling controller 49 to the centralized controller 50, the cooling silo 15 grain is turned from the drying section 7 The machine 23 is configured to send a cooling air with a constant humidity to forcibly cool the straw of the silo 15, and when the grain that has been primarily dried after being put into the dryer 9 from the load receiving unit 1 is carried into the silo 15, 23, the cooling air of the cooler 23 is sent to the silo 15 to forcibly cool the grain, and the cooling operation of the cooler 23 is stopped when a certain time has elapsed, while the silo 15 is put into the dryer 9 Then, when the secondary dried grain is carried into the silo 15, the cooler 23 is operated and the cooling air of the cooler 23 is sent to the silo 15 to forcibly cool the grain. Sometimes it is configured to stop the cooling operation of the cooler 23, the cooling step necessary for thermal drying can be omitted, the time required for the conventional cooling step can be used for the next drying operation, In addition, the rotation of grains necessary for dehumidification (room temperature and constant humidity) drying can be omitted, so that night work can be reduced, and primary storage of grains with higher moisture than before can be facilitated to increase the capacity for receiving goods. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of mold and the like, thereby preventing the deterioration of grain quality.
[0021]
In addition, for example, the drying process is completed by the time the cereal reaches the dry end moisture, and the cooling air having a humidity close to the drying finish humidity is supplied to the cereal, and the cereal is cooled and dehumidified and dried. Grains so that the operation time of the dryer 9 can be shortened, the cost of drying the grains can be easily reduced, the moisture of the finished grains is made substantially uniform, and the loss of adjusted shipment (such as rice hulls or milled rice) is reduced. Can be dried and stored.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an operation explanatory diagram of a country elevator.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a silo.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a cooler.
FIG. 4 is a cooling control circuit.
FIG. 5 is a cooling control flowchart.

Claims (1)

A receiving part (1) for receiving the grain, a drying part (7) for drying the grain after receiving in the dryer (9 ), and a silo (15) for storing the grain carried from the drying part (7) In a dry storage facility having a storage (11) with
Cooling air is supplied to the cooling louver (24) from the cooling machine (23) covered by the roof (22) for sun protection, the ventilation louver (24) provided at the bottom of the silo (15), and the cooling machine (23). A cooling valve (25), a ventilation duct (26), a temperature sensor (28) formed by a temperature measuring cable installed in the silo (15), and an exhaust gas provided in the shed (31) of the silo (15) and a duct (29) and ventilation fan (30), while adapted to cool the interior of the rice (27) of the silo (15) by the cooling air of the cooling machine (23),
A cooling controller (49) for the cooler (23) provided with a time setting device (48 ) for automatically controlling the cooling valves (25) of the plurality of silos (15), and a centralized controller (50 for facility management) ), The cooling controller (49) is connected to the centralized controller (50), and the silo (15) into which the grain is put from the drying unit (7) has a constant humidity of the cooler (23). The cooling air is sent and the silo (15) is forcibly cooled.
When the grain that has been primarily dried after being put into the dryer (9) from the cargo receiver 1 is carried into the silo (15), the cooler (23) is operated to cool the silo (15) with the cooling. The cooling air of the machine (23) is sent to forcibly cool the grains, and the cooling operation of the cooler (23) is stopped when a certain time has passed,
When the grain dried into the dryer (9) from the silo (15) and secondarily dried is carried into the silo (15), the cooler (23) is operated and the silo (15) A drying storage facility characterized in that the cooling air of the cooler (23) is sent to forcibly cool the grain, and the cooling operation of the cooler (23) is stopped when a certain time has passed.

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