JP4558736B2 - 複合部材の製造方法 - Google Patents
複合部材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4558736B2 JP4558736B2 JP2006529429A JP2006529429A JP4558736B2 JP 4558736 B2 JP4558736 B2 JP 4558736B2 JP 2006529429 A JP2006529429 A JP 2006529429A JP 2006529429 A JP2006529429 A JP 2006529429A JP 4558736 B2 JP4558736 B2 JP 4558736B2
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- Prior art keywords
- brazing
- layer
- barrier layer
- metallic
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 194
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 151
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 30
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- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 5
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- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910017263 Mo—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007729 Zr W Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004452 microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
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- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
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- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/60—Forming at the joining interface or in the joining layer specific reaction phases or zones, e.g. diffusion of reactive species from the interlayer to the substrate or from a substrate to the joining interface, carbide forming at the joining interface
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- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/72—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising at least two interlayers directly next to each other
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12625—Free carbon containing component
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
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Description
密な金属障壁層により、ろうの非金属製部品への浸透を防止できる。従って50〜150μm厚のろう箔を、例えば200〜300μm厚のろう箔の代わりに使用できる。
改良されたろうの量の管理は、流出するろうによってろう付けされる部品の制御されていない濡れを、多くの場合に、ろう付けされた複合部材の如何なる再加工も必要ない程度に迄抑えることを可能にする。
一般的なろう付けに伴うろうの量の2倍以上を用いるのにも係らず、ろう中に発生する細孔を有効に抑制できる。細孔により生じるスクラップは、実質的になくなる。
上記非金属製部品からの気体により生じる微小気孔率は、約1/10になる。
炭素含有部品との界面における炭化物の形成を、約1/10に抑制又は低減できる。
上記ろう付け域の熱伝導率は、炭化物層がないため又は気孔率の低減のため上昇する。
ろう付け方法中の炭化物の形成に伴い引き起こされるろう付け接合部の強度の低下は、100倍以上遅れる。
ろう/炭素共晶を伴うろうの場合、本発明に従い、再溶融温度は、Tiろうで約30℃だけ増加し、Zrろうで約50℃だけ増加する。
2 実施例2に従い製造した回転陽極の、1500℃で20時間のエージング後の評価を示す曲線
3 従来技術に従い製造した回転陽極の、1500℃で20時間のエージング後の評価を示す曲線
Claims (12)
- 耐熱性の複合部材を製造する方法であって、耐熱性の金属製又は非金属製の部品の少な
くとも一部と、耐熱性の非金属製部品の少なくとも一部とを、Ti、Zr、Hf及びそれらの合金からなる群から選択した1つ以上の元素からなるろう材を用いたろう付けにより互いに接合する方法において、
ろう付け工程の前に、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Ti、Zr、Hf及びこれらの合金からなる群から選択した1つ以上の元素からなり、溶融ろうに侵されない金属障壁層を、ろう付けすべき各非金属製部品の表面に付着させ、
ろう材、障壁層及びろう付け条件を、ろう付け工程中に、前記金属障壁層が少なくとも部分的に固体状態で残り、その結果、前記ろう付け工程後にも、前記障壁層が、少なくともろう付け面の大部分にわたって、少なくとも10μmの厚さで残存するように互いに適合させることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記金属障壁層が、前記ろう付け工程の後に、25μm〜90μmの層厚を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記非金属製部品がグラファイト又は炭素含有材料からなり、前記金属障壁層を施す前の第1の工程で、非炭化物形成金属からなる中間層又はTi、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、Wの内の1つ以上の金属の炭化物又は窒化物からなる中間層をろう付け表面に施すことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の方法。
- 前記中間層が5〜30μmの層厚を有することを特徴とする請求項3記載の方法。
- 耐熱性の金属製部品の少なくとも一部を、非金属製部品の少なくとも一部に接合し、前記金属製部品に、後のろう付け工程中に、ろう材及びろう付け条件の適切な選択の結果として、少なくとも10μmの厚さで残る分割層を、前記ろう付け工程の前に設けることを特徴とする請求項1から4の1つに記載の方法。
- 前記分割層が、前記非金属製部品上の前記金属障壁層と同じ構造からなることを特徴とする請求項5記載の方法。
- 前記ろう材を、前記金属障壁層および/又は前記分割層上に被覆として少なくとも部分的に施すことを特徴とする請求項1から6の1つに記載の方法。
- Tiを含むろう材を用いて、W、Mo又はこれら金属の合金を含む金属製部品の少なくとも一部を、グラファイト又は炭素含有材料を含む非金属製部品の少なくとも一部に接合し、前記ろう付け工程の前に、Wからなる30〜80μm厚の障壁層を前記非金属製部品に施すことを特徴とする請求項1から7の1つに記載の方法。
- Tiを含むろう材を用いて、W、Mo又はこれらの金属の合金を含む金属製部品の少なくとも一部を、グラファイト又は炭素含有材料を含む非金属製部品の少なくとも一部に接合し、前記ろう付け工程前に、Taからなる30〜80μm厚の障壁層を前記非金属製部品に施すことを特徴とする請求項1から7の1つに記載の方法。
- Zrを含むろう材を用いて、W、Mo又はこれらの金属の合金を含む金属製部品の少なくとも一部を、グラファイト又は炭素含有材料を含む非金属製部品の少なくとも一部に接合し、前記ろう付け工程前に、W又はTaからなる30〜80μm厚の障壁層を前記非金属製部品に施すことを特徴とする請求項1から7の1つに記載の方法。
- 前記ろう付け工程の前に、前記金属製部品に、前記障壁層と同じ組成を有する分割層を設けることを特徴とする請求項8から10の1つに記載の複合部材を製造する方法。
- 前記複合部材が、X線管の回転陽極であることを特徴とする請求項8から11の1つに記載の方法。
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AT0067703U AT6994U1 (de) | 2003-10-03 | 2003-10-03 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundkörpers |
PCT/AT2004/000332 WO2005034168A1 (de) | 2003-10-03 | 2004-09-29 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundkörpers durch hochtemperaturlöten einer nichtmetallischen komponente mit einer metallischen oder nichtmetallischen komponente |
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US (1) | US7762448B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1678733B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4558736B2 (ja) |
AT (2) | AT6994U1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE502004006435D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005034168A1 (ja) |
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DE102007029031A1 (de) * | 2007-06-23 | 2008-12-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum dauerhaften Verbinden zweier Komponenten durch Löten mit Glas- oder Metalllot |
PL2540689T3 (pl) * | 2007-07-17 | 2016-10-31 | Kompozyt ceramiczny zawierający SiC-diament połączony z inną częścią | |
US8059785B2 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2011-11-15 | Varian Medical Systems, Inc. | X-ray target assembly and methods for manufacturing same |
WO2010005001A1 (ja) | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-14 | 株式会社 東芝 | X線管用ターゲットおよびそれを用いたx線管、x線検査装置ならびにx線管用ターゲットの製造方法 |
EP2194564B1 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2013-05-22 | Varian Medical Systems, Inc. | X-ray target assembly and methods for manufacturing same |
DE102009014407A1 (de) * | 2009-03-28 | 2010-10-21 | Sgl Technologies Gmbh | Klebstofffreie, temperatur- und reaktionsstabile Haftverbindung zwischen Metallen und Graphit |
US8406378B2 (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2013-03-26 | Gamc Biotech Development Co., Ltd. | Thick targets for transmission x-ray tubes |
WO2012106601A2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2012-08-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Radial-flow heat exchanger with foam heat exchange fins |
US9464847B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2016-10-11 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Shell-and-tube heat exchangers with foam heat transfer units |
WO2012106605A2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2012-08-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Staged graphite foam heat exchangers |
US8800849B2 (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2014-08-12 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Direct bonding of heat conducting foam and substrates |
GB201112376D0 (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-08-31 | Rolls Royce Plc | Boding of metal components |
AT12919U1 (de) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-02-15 | Plansee Se | Verfahren zur herstellung eines hochtemperaturfesten verbundkörpers |
BR112014015761A8 (pt) * | 2011-12-30 | 2017-07-04 | Koninklijke Philips Nv | método para criar uma articulação de solda entre uma chapa de ânodos e uma peça de grafite de um tubo de raios x, e conjunto de ânodos de um tubo de raios x |
US9992917B2 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2018-06-05 | Vulcan GMS | 3-D printing method for producing tungsten-based shielding parts |
EP3514126A1 (de) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Keramischer werkstoffverbund mit einer verbindungsschicht aus einem molybdän-titancarbid-kompositwerkstoff, bauteil, gasturbine, sowie verfahren |
AT17209U1 (de) | 2020-02-20 | 2021-09-15 | Plansee Se | RÖNTGENDREHANODE MIT INTEGRIERTER FLÜSSIGMETALLLAGER-AUßENSCHALE |
CN113118071B (zh) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-12-09 | 山东圣诺实业有限公司 | 一种对碳化硅微反应板低温焊接前的处理装置 |
CN113245749B (zh) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 | 一种用于电弧熔丝增材制造及高性能焊接的钛合金焊丝 |
CN114932283B (zh) * | 2022-06-07 | 2024-01-30 | 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 | 一种石墨和tzm合金的共晶反应钎焊工艺 |
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US2667431A (en) * | 1950-10-30 | 1954-01-26 | Rca Corp | Method of metallizing ceramics |
US3055465A (en) * | 1956-04-07 | 1962-09-25 | Telefunken Gmbh | Metal-to-ceramic joint and method of forming |
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US3518066A (en) * | 1962-12-26 | 1970-06-30 | Philips Corp | Metallizing non-metals |
DE1951383C3 (de) * | 1969-10-11 | 1974-08-29 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Röntgenröhren-Drehanode mit einem Verbundkörper aus einem Schwermetallteil und wenigstens einem Graphitteil und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
US4567110A (en) * | 1979-11-13 | 1986-01-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High-temperature brazed ceramic joints |
EP0333149A3 (en) | 1988-03-17 | 1990-02-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Ceramic composite and method of preparation thereof |
JPH0829990B2 (ja) * | 1988-09-21 | 1996-03-27 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | セラミックスと金属との接合体 |
AT392760B (de) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-06-10 | Plansee Metallwerk | Verbundkoerper aus graphit und hochschmelzendem metall |
SU1742269A1 (ru) * | 1989-11-23 | 1992-06-23 | Могилевское отделение Института физики АН БССР | Способ пайки керамики с металлами и неметаллами |
AT393651B (de) * | 1990-06-28 | 1991-11-25 | Plansee Metallwerk | Hochtemperaturbestaendiger verbundkoerper |
JP2720762B2 (ja) * | 1993-08-13 | 1998-03-04 | 日本電気株式会社 | 黒鉛と金属の接合方法 |
US6400800B1 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-06-04 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | Two-step brazed x-ray target assembly |
AT5079U1 (de) * | 2001-04-30 | 2002-03-25 | Plansee Ag | Verfahren zum fügen eines hochtemperaturwerkstoff-bauteilverbundes |
US6554179B2 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-04-29 | General Atomics | Reaction brazing of tungsten or molybdenum body to carbonaceous support |
JP3989254B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-25 | 2007-10-10 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 異種材料接合体及びその製造方法 |
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WO2005034168A1 (de) | 2005-04-14 |
DE502004006435D1 (de) | 2008-04-17 |
EP1678733A1 (de) | 2006-07-12 |
ATE388481T1 (de) | 2008-03-15 |
AT6994U1 (de) | 2004-07-26 |
EP1678733B1 (de) | 2008-03-05 |
US7762448B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 |
US20070119907A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
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