JP4518507B2 - Metal surface treatment agent - Google Patents

Metal surface treatment agent Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4518507B2
JP4518507B2 JP2006510639A JP2006510639A JP4518507B2 JP 4518507 B2 JP4518507 B2 JP 4518507B2 JP 2006510639 A JP2006510639 A JP 2006510639A JP 2006510639 A JP2006510639 A JP 2006510639A JP 4518507 B2 JP4518507 B2 JP 4518507B2
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surface treatment
molecule
treatment agent
metal
solder
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JPWO2005085498A1 (en
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高志 大内
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Nippon Mining Holdings Inc
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Nippon Mining and Metals Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C13/00Alloys based on tin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/48Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
    • C23C22/58Treatment of other metallic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3457Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
    • H05K3/3478Applying solder preforms; Transferring prefabricated solder patterns

Description

【技術分野】
【0001】
本発明は、金属、特にSn及びSn合金に対する表面処理剤、及びそれを用いた表面処理方法に関する。更に、本発明は、その表面処理方法で処理を行った電子部品、基板、はんだボール、はんだ粉末、及び該はんだボールを用いたボールグリッドアレイ、該はんだ粉末を用いたはんだペースト、それらを用いた実装品に関する。
【背景技術】
【0002】
はんだ付けは、融点が比較的低い物質を用いて物体同士を接合する技術であり、現代産業において、電子機器の接合、組み立て等に幅広く用いられている。一般的に用いられているはんだはSn−Pb合金であり、その共晶組成(63%Sn−残部Pb)の融点が183℃と低いものであることから、そのはんだ付けは220〜230℃で行われるため、電子部品や基板に対しほとんど熱損傷を与えない。しかも、Sn−Pb合金は、はんだ付け性が良好であるとともに、はんだ付け時にすぐに凝固して、はんだ付け部に振動が加わっても割れや剥離を起こし難いという優れた特徴も有している。
【0003】
一般に電子機器は、外枠や基板等の合成樹脂と導体部やフレーム等の金属により形成されており、廃棄処分された場合は、焼却処分されず、ほとんどが地中に埋め立てられる。近年、地上に降る雨は酸性を示す傾向にあり(酸性雨)、地中に埋められた電子機器のはんだを溶出させて、地下水を汚染することが問題化している。このため、特に電子機器業界において、鉛を含まないはんだ(鉛フリーはんだ)への代替の動きが急速に進んでいる。
【0004】
電子部品の外部リード端子には、そのはんだ濡れ性と耐食性を向上させるため、主にはんだめっき(90%Sn−残部Pb)が施されており、その鉛フリー化への対応が望まれている。鉛フリーはんだめっきの候補としては、純Sn、Sn−Ag(Cu)系、Sn−Zn系、Sn−Bi系に大別されるが、それぞれ一長一短がありSn−Pb合金を完全に代替するには未だ至っていない。
【0005】
純Snめっきは、コストやめっきの作業性等、総合的にみて鉛フリーめっきとしては最有力と考えられる。しかし、Snめっきは表面の酸化や内部応力に起因して、ウィスカーが発生し易いことに加え、経時的にはんだ濡れ性が劣化し易いという課題があり、その改善が強く要望されている。
【0006】
Sn−Zn系合金は、従来のSn−Pb系合金と融点が近いことから、現在の設備や工程を変える必要がないという点で有利である。また、めっき被膜の機械的強度に優れコスト的にも優れている。しかし、Znは活性な金属種であることから酸化し易く、Sn−Zn系合金のはんだ濡れ性が非常に悪いため、現時点では、実用化される可能性は最も低いと考えられている。
【0007】
はんだペーストは、電子部品を基板に表面実装するために用いられ、近年その使用量が増大している。はんだペーストは、一般には、はんだ合金粉末を主体とし、粘着剤、活性剤、チクソトロピック剤、界面活性剤、溶剤等を含むフラックスを加えたものである。はんだペーストの鉛フリー化として、Sn−Ag(Cu)系合金、Sn−Zn系合金、Sn−Bi系合金が検討されているが、Sn−Zn系合金は前述した通り、従来のSn−Pb系はんだの共晶温度に近いことから、代替の有力な候補として考えられている。しかし、前述の通りZnの酸化されやすさから、Sn−Zn系合金をはんだ粉末として用いたはんだペーストはフラックスに含まれる活性剤と酸化反応を起こし、はんだ濡れ性、保存安定性が著しく悪く、またリフロー時に不活性ガス雰囲気が必要という欠点がある。
【0008】
これらの問題に対処するため、本発明者らは特許文献1(特願2002−304554号)にて、一つもしくは二つの、飽和もしくは不飽和アルキル基をもつ酸性リン酸エステル及びその塩を含むことを特徴とする表面処理剤を提案した。
【0009】
また、特許文献2(特開平7−188942号公報)には、特に、リン酸ジフェニルエステル及び/又は亜リン酸ジフェニルエステルからなることを特徴とする酸化防止剤が提案されている。
【0010】
しかし、上記の技術におけるリン酸エステルもしくは亜リン酸エステルは、比較的高温(200℃以上)の熱処理によってエステル結合が分解することにより、充分な酸化防止効果が得られない。このため、上記の技術では、一般的にはんだ付け温度が従来より上がる鉛フリーはんだ対応のSn及びSn合金材の酸化を防止することは困難である。
【特許文献1】
特願2002−304554号
【特許文献2】
特開平7−188942号公報
【発明の開示】
本発明は、金属、特にSn及びSn合金に耐酸化性を付与し、はんだ濡れ性を改善する表面処理剤を提供することを目的とする。更に、本発明は、Sn及びSn合金のウィスカーの発生を抑制する表面処理剤を提供することを目的とする。
本発明者らは、金属、特にSn及びSn合金表面の酸化抑制に対し、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上を合計で0.01g/L以上含む表面処理剤で表面処理することにより、耐酸化性を付与し、はんだ濡れ性を改善することができることを見出した。また、この表面処理を施したSn合金はんだ粉末を含むはんだペーストは、その保存安定性に顕著な改善効果が見られた。更に、この表面処理を施したSn及びSn合金は、ウィスカーの発生が大幅に抑制されることがわかった。
【0013】
即ち本発明は、以下のとおりである。
(1) 有効成分の溶媒溶液からなる金属の表面処理剤であって、前記有効成分が一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上からなり、それを合計で0.01g/L以上含み、前記界面活性剤を0.01g/L〜10g/L含有することを特徴とする金属の表面処理剤。
(2) 有効成分と界面活性剤の溶媒溶液からなる金属の表面処理剤であって、前記有効成分が一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上からなり、それを合計で0.01g/L以上含み、前記界面活性剤を0.01g/L〜10g/L含有することを特徴とする金属の表面処理剤。
(3) 有効成分と界面活性剤の溶媒溶液からなる金属の表面処理剤であって、前記有効成分が一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上からなり、それを合計で0.01g/L以上含み、前記界面活性剤を0.01g/L〜10g/L含有し、溶液のpHを5以下に調整したことを特徴とする金属の表面処理剤。
(4)前記一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩が下記式(I)、(II)又は(III)で表される化合物、及び/又はそのアルカリ金属塩、アンモニウム塩、又はアミン化合物との塩であることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(3)のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤。
【0014】
【化1】

Figure 0004518507
(式(I)中、X〜X及びY〜Yは各々同一もしくは異なってもよく、水素原子、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表す。)
【0015】
【化2】
Figure 0004518507
(式(II)中、R、R及びRは、各々同一もしくは異なってもよく、以下の基(A)を表し、Rは、以下の基(A)、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表し、nは1〜3の整数を表す。
【化3】
Figure 0004518507
基(A)中、X、及びYは、一般式(I)における定義と同じである。)
【0016】
【化4】
Figure 0004518507
(式(III)中、Xは水素原子、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表し、Yは水素原子、炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基、水酸基、又はアミノ基を表す。)
【0017】
(5)更に防腐剤、pH緩衝剤のいずれか、またはその両方を含む前記(1)〜(4)のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤。
(6)前記金属がSn又はSn合金であることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(5)のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤。
(7)前記(1)〜(6)のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤による表面処理方法。
(8)電子部品もしくは基板の接続端子部の導体表面に、またはその表面にめっきを施した後に、前記(7)に記載の表面処理方法により表面処理を行ったことを特徴とする電子部品もしくは基板。
(9)前記(7)に記載の表面処理方法により表面処理を行ったSn合金を用いたことを特徴とするはんだボールもしくははんだ粉末。
(10)前記(9)に記載のはんだボールを電気的接続部材として用いたことを特徴とするボールグリッドアレイ。
(11)前記(9)に記載のはんだボールを電子部品に配置し、これを回路基板に接続したことを特徴とする実装品。
(12)前記(9)に記載のはんだ粉末を用いたことを特徴とするはんだペースト。
(13)前記(12)に記載のはんだペーストを用いたことを特徴とする実装品。
【発明を実施するための最良の形態】
以下に本発明の表面処理剤について詳述する。
本発明の表面処理剤で処理される金属としては、Fe、Ni、Co、Cr、Cu、Zn、Sn、Al、Mg、Ti、Ag、Au等が挙げられ、これらは合金であってもよい。特にSn及びSn合金が好ましく、Sn合金としては、環境汚染等の問題から鉛を含まないSn合金がより好ましい。鉛を含まないSn合金としては、SnにZn、Bi、Cu、In、Ag、Sbのいずれか一つもしくは二つ以上を含むはんだ合金等が挙げられる。
【0019】
一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩を、合計で0.01g/L以上含有する表面処理剤で表面処理することにより、被処理材表面に耐酸化性を付与し、はんだ濡れ性を向上させることができる。
一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の量が0.01g/L未満であるとその効果が小さい。また、逆に添加量が多過ぎても特性が劣化することはないため、添加量の上限はないが、コスト的な問題から、添加量は0.01〜500g/Lが望ましく、より好ましくは0.1〜100g/Lである。
【0020】
また、本発明の表面処理剤は、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物を用いるため、熱処理によるエステル結合の分解がなく、比較的高温で熱処理しても十分な酸化防止効果が得られる。従って、はんだ付け温度が比較的従来より高い鉛フリーはんだ対応のSn及びSn合金材に対しても、十分な耐酸化性を付与することができる。
【0021】
また、一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を有する化合物の方が、一分子内にホスホン酸基が1個の化合物より、詳細なメカニズムは不明であるが、耐酸化性能が優れることが判明した。一分子内のホスホン酸基の数は、コスト的な問題から2〜6が好ましい。
一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩としては、例えば下記一般式(I)、(II)、(III)で示される化合物、及び/又はそのアルカリ金属塩、アンモニウム塩、アミン化合物との塩が挙げられる。
【0022】
【化5】
Figure 0004518507
(式(I)中、X〜X及びY〜Yは各々同一もしくは異なってもよく、水素原子、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表す。)
【0023】
【化6】
Figure 0004518507
(式(II)中、R、R及びRは、各々同一もしくは異なってもよく、以下の基(A)を表し、Rは、以下の基(A)、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表し、nは1〜3の整数を表す。
【化7】
Figure 0004518507
基(A)中、X、及びYは、一般式(I)における定義と同じである。)
【0024】
【化8】
Figure 0004518507
(式(III)中、Xは水素原子、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表し、Yは水素原子、炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基、水酸基、又はアミノ基を表す。)
【0025】
上記一般式(I)で表される化合物としては、ニトリロトリスメチレンホスホン酸等が工業的に入手可能なため特に好ましい。
同様に、上記一般式(II)で表される化合物としては、エチレンジアミンテトラキスメチレンホスホン酸、ジエチレントリアミンペンタキスメチレンホスホン酸等が特に好ましく、上記一般式(III)で表される化合物としては、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジホスホン酸等が特に好ましい。
【0026】
上記化合物のアルカリ金属塩としては、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等が好ましく、アミン化合物との塩としては、トリエチルアミン塩やトリエタノールアミン塩等が好ましい。
【0027】
本発明の表面処理剤は、一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩を溶媒に溶解して用いることができる。使用される溶媒としては、可溶であれば特に制限されるものでない。例えば、水や、アルコール、グリコール等の極性溶媒が挙げられるが、溶解度、、コスト等を考慮すると水が好ましい。
【0028】
また、水系表面処理剤の場合は、pHを5以下に調整することにより、被処理表面の耐酸化性が更に向上することを見出した。表面処理剤のpHは、素材等への影響を鑑み、より好ましくはpH1〜5である。pH調整剤としては、一般的に入手可能な酸、アルカリが使用可能である。
【0029】
更に、水系表面処理剤に界面活性剤を0.01〜10g/L添加し、pHを5以下に調整することにより、被処理表面の耐酸化性がよりいっそう向上する。界面活性剤の添加量が0.01g/L未満であったり、10g/Lを超えて添加しても耐酸化性の効果が得られない。界面活性剤の添加量は、好ましくは0.1〜10g/Lである。
界面活性剤としては、市販のアニオン系、カチオン系、ノニオン系、及び両性界面活性剤の1種もしくは2種以上を適宜選択して使用することができる。
アニオン系界面活性剤としては、硫酸エステル塩型、スルホン酸塩型、リン酸エステル塩型、スルホサクシネート型等が、カチオン系界面活性剤としては、四級アンモニウム塩型、アミン塩型等が、ノニオン系界面活性剤としては、高級アルコールエチレンオキサイド付加物、アルキルフェノールエチレンオキサイド付加物、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー、エチレンジアミンのポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー、高級脂肪族アミンのエチレンオキサイド付加物、脂肪族アミドのエチレンオキサイド付加物等が、両性界面活性剤としては、アミノ酸型、ベタイン型等が好ましい。
pHを5以下の範囲で使用する際は、アニオン系、ノニオン系の1種もしくは2種以上を適宜選択して使用することが好ましい。中でも、ノニオン系界面活性剤では、ポリエチレングリコール型が特に好ましく、高級アルコールエチレンオキサイド付加物、アルキルフェノールエチレンオキサイド付加物、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー等を特に好ましく用いることができる、また、アニオン系界面活性剤では、硫酸エステル塩型、リン酸エステル塩型が特に好ましい。
【0030】
また、本発明の表面処理剤は、所望の性能を付与させる目的で本来の性質を損なわない範囲の量の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。添加剤としては、防腐剤、pH緩衝剤等が挙げられ、これらは従来公知のものを用いることができる。
【0031】
本発明の表面処理剤を用いて金属を表面処理するには、金属の表面に被膜を形成する方法であればよく、例えば、金属を単に表面処理剤に浸漬させる方法、表面処理剤を、シャワー、又はエアードコータ、ブレードコータ、ロッドコータ、ナイフコータ、グラビアコータ、リバースコータ、キャストコータなどの装置を用いて塗布する方法が挙げられる。
【0032】
本発明の表面処理剤で表面処理をする金属の形状は、線状、板・帯・箔状、粒状、粉末状等いずれの形状であってもよく、本発明の表面処理剤は、電子部品、基板、はんだボール、はんだ粉末等を処理することができる。
本発明の表面処理剤を用い、電子部品もしくは基板の接続端子部の導体表面を表面処理する、またはその導体表面にめっきを施した後に、表面処理することにより、耐酸化性に優れ、はんだ濡れ性が改善された電子部品もしくは基板とすることができる。
本発明の表面処理剤で処理されたSn合金を用いたはんだボールは、耐酸化性に優れ、電気的接続部材であるボールグリッドアレイとして、また、電子部品に配置し、これを回路基板に接続した実装品として良好に用いることができる。
【0033】
また、Sn合金粉末を本発明の表面処理剤を用いて処理し、これに粘着剤、活性剤、チクソトロピック剤、界面活性剤、溶剤等を含むフラックスを加えてはんだペーストとして用いることもできる。このはんだペーストは、その保存安定性に顕著な改善効果が見られる。上記粘着剤、活性剤、チクソトロピック剤、界面活性剤、溶剤としては従来公知のものを用いることができる。
【実施例】
【0034】
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明する。
実施例1〜14、及び比較例1〜5
一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物又はその塩を有効成分とする水溶液を15種類調製した(実施例1〜14、比較例1)。内訳を表1に示す。
【0035】
他方、銅材(C1020P、10mm×25mm×0.2mm)に対し、以下の前処理を行った。
アルカリ電解脱脂(常温、15A/dm、約30秒程度処理)→水洗→酸浸漬(10%硫酸、常温、5秒)→水洗→化学研磨(CPB−40、常温、1分浸漬)→水洗→酸浸漬(10%硫酸、常温、5秒)→水洗
この基材に対し、膜厚約5μmのSnめっきを行った(めっき浴:ティンコートK(日鉱メタルプレーティング(株)製)、めっき条件:陰極電流密度2A/dm、温度20℃、液流動及びカソード揺動めっき)。
【0036】
このSnめっきを施した基材(以下Sn基材)を、上記の一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物又はその塩を含む溶液に、浴温60℃で10秒間浸漬した後、水洗し、乾燥させたものを試験基板とした。
【0037】
これらの試験基板に対し、以下の評価を行った。表1に試験結果を示す。
耐熱酸化性
これらの試験基板を、220℃に保持した電気炉において、大気雰囲気で1時間熱処理した後、鉛フリーはんだとのはんだ付け性(ゼロクロスタイム)をメニスコグラフ法で以下の測定条件に基づき測定した。
装置;ソルダーチェッカー SAT−2000(レスカ製)
はんだ槽;すず:銀:銅=96.5:3:0.5(浴温245℃)
フラックス;NA−200(タムラ化研製)
浸漬深さ;2mm
浸漬速度;4mm/sec.
浸漬時間;5sec.
【0038】
耐湿酸化性
これらの試験基板に対し、PCT処理(温度105℃、湿度100%の密閉釜内にて16時間放置)を施した後、鉛フリーはんだとのはんだ付け性(ゼロクロスタイム)をメニスコグラフ法で耐熱酸化性の項と同様に測定した。
【0039】
また、更に比較例として、上記Sn基材に対し、ドデシルホスホン酸を1g/L含むイソプロパノール溶液で表面処理した基材(但し、表面処理後の水洗なし、比較例2)、ホスホン酸ジエチルエステルを1g/L含む水溶液で表面処理した基材(比較例3)、未処理の上記Sn基材(比較例4)、上記Sn基材に対し、特開平7−188942号公報に開示された表面処理剤(リン酸ジフェニルエステルを0.1g/L含む水溶液)を用い処理を行った基板(比較例5)も併せて評価した。試験結果を併せて表1に示す。
【0040】
【表1】
Figure 0004518507
【0041】
実施例15〜28、及び比較例6〜11
前記実施例1〜14、及び比較例1〜5と同様な前処理を行った銅材(C1020P、10mm×25mm×0.2mm)に対し、膜厚約5μmのSn−Znめっきを行った(めっき浴:日鉱メタルプレーティング(株)製、めっき条件:陰極電流密度3A/dm、温度35℃、pH4.0、液流動及びカソード揺動めっき)。
このSn−Znめっきを施した基材(以下Sn−Zn基材)を、前記実施例1〜14、比較例1〜3、及び比較例5にて調製した溶液に、浴温60℃で10秒間浸漬した後、水洗し、乾燥させたもの、及び未処理のものを試験基板とした。
これらの試験基板に対し、前記実施例1〜14、及び比較例1〜5と同様に、エージングを行った後、はんだ付け性の測定を行った。試験結果を表2に示す。
【0042】
また、更に比較例として、未処理の上記Sn−Zn基材に対し、特願2002−304554号に示された表面処理剤(モノジオクタデシニルリン酸エステルの1wt%イソプロパノール溶液)を用い処理を行った基板(比較例11)も併せて評価した。試験結果を併せて表2に示す。
【0043】
【表2】
Figure 0004518507
【0044】
実施例29、及び比較例12
実施例29ではSnめっきに対し表面処理したもののウィスカー発生が、表面処理しなかったものと比べて、著しく抑制された結果を示す。
前記実施例7と同等の処理をしたSnめっき基板と、表面処理をしなかった基板を、温度85℃、湿度85%の恒温恒湿雰囲気下において、24時間放置した。その後、基板を充分に乾燥した後、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて表面観察したところ、表面処理をしなかったものは、ウィスカーが多く観察された(比較例12)のに対し、表面処理をしたものからは、ウィスカーが全く観察されなかった(実施例29)。
【産業上の利用可能性】
【0045】
一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上を合計で0.01g/L以上含む表面処理剤で金属を表面処理することにより、耐酸化性を付与し、はんだ濡れ性を改善することができる。この表面処理剤のpHを5以下にすることにより、更に界面活性剤を0.01〜10g/L含有させることにより耐酸化性が向上する。
【0046】
また、本発明の表面処理剤を用いて表面処理を施したSn合金はんだ粉末を含むはんだペーストは、その保存安定性が著しく改善される。更に、Sn及びSn合金めっきを本発明の表面処理剤を用いて処理することにより、ウィスカーの発生を大幅に抑制することができる。【Technical field】
[0001]
The present invention relates to a surface treatment agent for metals, particularly Sn and Sn alloys, and a surface treatment method using the same. Furthermore, the present invention provides an electronic component, a substrate, solder balls, solder powder, a ball grid array using the solder balls, a solder paste using the solder powder, and the same, which are processed by the surface treatment method. Regarding mounted products.
[Background]
[0002]
Soldering is a technique for joining objects using a material having a relatively low melting point, and is widely used in joining and assembling electronic devices in the modern industry. The commonly used solder is Sn—Pb alloy, and its eutectic composition (63% Sn—remainder Pb) has a melting point as low as 183 ° C., so the soldering is performed at 220 to 230 ° C. As a result, almost no thermal damage is caused to the electronic components and the substrate. In addition, the Sn-Pb alloy has excellent characteristics that it has good solderability and is solidified immediately during soldering, and hardly cracks or peels even if vibration is applied to the soldered portion. .
[0003]
In general, an electronic device is formed of a synthetic resin such as an outer frame or a substrate and a metal such as a conductor or a frame. When discarded, the electronic device is not incinerated and mostly buried in the ground. In recent years, rain on the ground tends to be acidic (acid rain), and it has become a problem that the solder of electronic devices buried in the ground is eluted to contaminate groundwater. For this reason, particularly in the electronic equipment industry, an alternative movement to lead-free solder (lead-free solder) is rapidly progressing.
[0004]
External lead terminals of electronic components are mainly subjected to solder plating (90% Sn-remainder Pb) in order to improve solder wettability and corrosion resistance, and it is desired to cope with lead-free. . Candidates for lead-free solder plating are broadly divided into pure Sn, Sn-Ag (Cu), Sn-Zn, and Sn-Bi, but each has its merits and demerits to completely replace Sn-Pb alloys. Has not yet reached.
[0005]
Pure Sn plating is considered to be the most powerful lead-free plating in terms of cost and workability of plating. However, Sn plating has a problem that solder wettability tends to deteriorate with time in addition to the fact that whiskers are likely to occur due to surface oxidation and internal stress, and there is a strong demand for improvement.
[0006]
The Sn—Zn alloy is advantageous in that it does not need to change current facilities and processes because it has a melting point close to that of a conventional Sn—Pb alloy. Moreover, it is excellent in the mechanical strength of a plating film, and is excellent also in cost. However, since Zn is an active metal species, it is easily oxidized and the solder wettability of the Sn—Zn alloy is very poor. Therefore, at present, it is considered that the possibility of being put to practical use is the lowest.
[0007]
Solder paste is used to surface-mount electronic components on a substrate, and the amount of use has increased in recent years. The solder paste is generally composed of a solder alloy powder as a main component and added with a flux containing an adhesive, an activator, a thixotropic agent, a surfactant, a solvent, and the like. As a lead-free solder paste, Sn—Ag (Cu) alloy, Sn—Zn alloy, and Sn—Bi alloy have been studied. As described above, Sn—Zn alloy is a conventional Sn—Pb alloy. Because it is close to the eutectic temperature of a solder, it is considered as a promising alternative candidate. However, because of the ease of oxidation of Zn as described above, the solder paste using the Sn—Zn alloy as the solder powder causes an oxidation reaction with the activator contained in the flux, and the solder wettability and storage stability are remarkably poor. In addition, there is a disadvantage that an inert gas atmosphere is required during reflow.
[0008]
In order to cope with these problems, the present inventors include, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-304554), one or two acidic phosphate esters having a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group and salts thereof. A surface treatment agent characterized by this was proposed.
[0009]
Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-188942) proposes an antioxidant characterized in that it is composed of phosphoric acid diphenyl ester and / or phosphorous acid diphenyl ester.
[0010]
However, the phosphoric acid ester or phosphite ester in the above technique cannot obtain a sufficient antioxidant effect because the ester bond is decomposed by heat treatment at a relatively high temperature (200 ° C. or higher). For this reason, it is difficult to prevent oxidation of Sn and Sn alloy materials corresponding to lead-free solder, which generally has a higher soldering temperature than the conventional technique.
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-304554 [Patent Document 2]
JP 7-188942 A DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to provide the surface treating agent which provides oxidation resistance to a metal, especially Sn and Sn alloy, and improves solder wettability. Furthermore, an object of this invention is to provide the surface treating agent which suppresses generation | occurrence | production of the whisker of Sn and Sn alloy.
As a result of intensive studies on the suppression of oxidation on the surface of metals, particularly Sn and Sn alloys, the present inventors have found that a compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and no ester bond in the molecule. And / or surface treatment with a surface treatment agent containing a total of 0.01 g / L or more of one or more of its salts to impart oxidation resistance and improve solder wettability. I found it. Moreover, the solder paste containing the Sn alloy solder powder subjected to the surface treatment showed a remarkable improvement effect on its storage stability. Furthermore, it was found that the Sn and Sn alloys subjected to this surface treatment significantly suppress the generation of whiskers.
[0013]
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) A metal surface treatment agent comprising a solvent solution of an active ingredient, wherein the active ingredient has two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and does not contain an ester bond in the molecule, and / or A metal surface treatment agent comprising one or more of the salts, including a total of 0.01 g / L or more, and containing 0.01 g / L to 10 g / L of the surfactant. .
(2) A metal surface treatment agent comprising a solvent solution of an active ingredient and a surfactant , wherein the active ingredient has two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and does not contain an ester bond in the molecule. , and / or consist of one or more salts thereof, include it in total 0.01 g / L or more, the metal of the surface active agent characterized by containing 0.01 g / L to 10 g / L Surface treatment agent.
(3) A metal surface treatment agent comprising a solvent solution of an active ingredient and a surfactant , wherein the active ingredient has two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and does not contain an ester bond in the molecule. , and / or consist of one or more salts thereof, include it in total 0.01 g / L or more, the surfactant contained 0.01 g / L to 10 g / L, the pH of the solution 5 A metal surface treatment agent characterized by the following adjustment.
(4) A compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and no ester bond in the molecule and / or a salt thereof is represented by the following formula (I), (II) or (III): The metal surface treatment agent according to any one of (1) to (3) above, which is a compound and / or a salt thereof with an alkali metal salt, an ammonium salt, or an amine compound.
[0014]
[Chemical 1]
Figure 0004518507
(In formula (I), X 1 to X 3 and Y 1 to Y 3 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
[0015]
[Chemical 2]
Figure 0004518507
(In the formula (II), R 1 , R 2 and R 4 may be the same or different and each represents the following group (A), and R 3 represents the following group (A) or 1 to 5 represents a lower alkyl group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0004518507
In the group (A), X 1 and Y 1 are the same as defined in the general formula (I). )
[0016]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0004518507
(In formula (III), X represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and Y represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, or an amino group.)
[0017]
(5) The metal surface-treating agent according to any one of (1) to (4), further including any one or both of a preservative and a pH buffer.
(6) The metal surface treatment agent according to any one of (1) to (5) , wherein the metal is Sn or an Sn alloy.
(7) The surface treatment method by the metal surface treating agent as described in any one of (1) to (6) .
(8) An electronic component or an electronic component characterized by performing surface treatment by the surface treatment method according to (7) above after or on the surface of the conductor of the connection terminal portion of the electronic component or the substrate substrate.
(9) A solder ball or solder powder characterized by using an Sn alloy that has been surface-treated by the surface treatment method described in (7 ) above.
(10) A ball grid array using the solder balls according to (9) as an electrical connection member.
(11) A mounted product comprising the solder ball according to (9) arranged on an electronic component and connected to a circuit board.
(12) A solder paste using the solder powder described in (9 ) above.
(13) A mounted product using the solder paste according to (12) .
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The surface treatment agent of the present invention is described in detail below.
Examples of the metal to be treated with the surface treatment agent of the present invention include Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Zn, Sn, Al, Mg, Ti, Ag, Au, and the like, and these may be alloys. . In particular, Sn and an Sn alloy are preferable, and an Sn alloy containing no lead is more preferable because of problems such as environmental pollution. Examples of the Sn alloy not containing lead include a solder alloy containing one or more of Zn, Bi, Cu, In, Ag, and Sb in Sn.
[0019]
By surface-treating with a surface treatment agent containing a total of 0.01 g / L or more of a compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and no ester bond in the molecule and / or a salt thereof Further, oxidation resistance can be imparted to the surface of the material to be treated, and solder wettability can be improved.
If the amount of the compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and no ester bond in the molecule and / or a salt thereof is less than 0.01 g / L, the effect is small. On the other hand, there is no upper limit of the addition amount because the properties do not deteriorate even if the addition amount is too large. However, the addition amount is preferably 0.01 to 500 g / L, more preferably from the viewpoint of cost. 0.1 to 100 g / L.
[0020]
In addition, since the surface treatment agent of the present invention uses a compound that does not contain an ester bond in the molecule, the ester bond is not decomposed by heat treatment, and a sufficient antioxidant effect can be obtained even when heat-treated at a relatively high temperature. Therefore, sufficient oxidation resistance can be imparted even to Sn and Sn alloy materials corresponding to lead-free solder, which have a relatively high soldering temperature.
[0021]
In addition, a compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule has a more detailed mechanism than a compound having one phosphonic acid group in one molecule, but is superior in oxidation resistance. found. The number of phosphonic acid groups in one molecule is preferably 2 to 6 in view of cost.
Examples of the compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and not containing an ester bond in the molecule and / or a salt thereof are represented by the following general formulas (I), (II), and (III). Examples thereof include compounds and / or salts thereof with alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, and amine compounds.
[0022]
[Chemical formula 5]
Figure 0004518507
(In formula (I), X 1 to X 3 and Y 1 to Y 3 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
[0023]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0004518507
(In the formula (II), R 1 , R 2 and R 4 may be the same or different and each represents the following group (A), and R 3 represents the following group (A) or 1 to 5 represents a lower alkyl group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.
[Chemical 7]
Figure 0004518507
In the group (A), X 1 and Y 1 are the same as defined in the general formula (I). )
[0024]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004518507
(In formula (III), X represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and Y represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, or an amino group.)
[0025]
As the compound represented by the general formula (I), nitrilotrismethylenephosphonic acid and the like are particularly preferable because they are industrially available.
Similarly, as the compound represented by the general formula (II), ethylenediaminetetrakismethylenephosphonic acid, diethylenetriaminepentakismethylenephosphonic acid and the like are particularly preferable. As the compound represented by the general formula (III), 1- Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and the like are particularly preferable.
[0026]
The alkali metal salt of the above compound is preferably a sodium salt or potassium salt, and the salt with an amine compound is preferably a triethylamine salt or a triethanolamine salt.
[0027]
The surface treating agent of the present invention can be used by dissolving a compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and no ester bond in the molecule and / or a salt thereof in a solvent. The solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is soluble. For example, water and polar solvents such as alcohol and glycol can be mentioned, but water is preferable in consideration of solubility, cost, and the like.
[0028]
In the case of an aqueous surface treatment agent, it has been found that the oxidation resistance of the surface to be treated is further improved by adjusting the pH to 5 or less. The pH of the surface treatment agent is more preferably pH 1 to 5 in view of the influence on the material and the like. As the pH adjuster, generally available acids and alkalis can be used.
[0029]
Furthermore, by adding 0.01 to 10 g / L of a surfactant to the aqueous surface treatment agent and adjusting the pH to 5 or less, the oxidation resistance of the surface to be treated is further improved. Even if the addition amount of the surfactant is less than 0.01 g / L or more than 10 g / L, the effect of oxidation resistance cannot be obtained. The addition amount of the surfactant is preferably 0.1 to 10 g / L.
As the surfactant, one or more commercially available anionic, cationic, nonionic, and amphoteric surfactants can be appropriately selected and used.
Anionic surfactants include sulfate ester type, sulfonate salt type, phosphate ester salt type, sulfosuccinate type, and cationic surfactants include quaternary ammonium salt type and amine salt type. Nonionic surfactants include higher alcohol ethylene oxide adducts, alkylphenol ethylene oxide adducts, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers, ethylenediamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers, and higher aliphatic amine ethylene oxide additions. As an amphoteric surfactant, an amino acid type, a betaine type, or the like is preferable.
When using the pH in the range of 5 or less, it is preferable to use one or more of anionic and nonionic types as appropriate. Among these, in the nonionic surfactant, a polyethylene glycol type is particularly preferable, and higher alcohol ethylene oxide adducts, alkylphenol ethylene oxide adducts, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers, and the like can be particularly preferably used. As the surfactant, a sulfate ester salt type and a phosphate ester salt type are particularly preferable.
[0030]
In addition, the surface treatment agent of the present invention may contain an amount of an additive in a range that does not impair the original properties for the purpose of imparting desired performance. Examples of the additive include preservatives and pH buffering agents, and conventionally known additives can be used.
[0031]
The surface treatment of the metal using the surface treatment agent of the present invention may be a method of forming a film on the surface of the metal. For example, a method of simply immersing a metal in the surface treatment agent, a surface treatment agent, Or a coating method using an apparatus such as an aired coater, a blade coater, a rod coater, a knife coater, a gravure coater, a reverse coater, or a cast coater.
[0032]
The shape of the metal surface-treated with the surface treatment agent of the present invention may be any shape such as linear, plate / strip / foil, granular, powder, etc. The surface treatment agent of the present invention is an electronic component. , Substrate, solder balls, solder powder, etc. can be processed.
Using the surface treatment agent of the present invention, the surface of the conductor of the connection terminal portion of the electronic component or the substrate is surface-treated, or the surface of the conductor is plated and then surface-treated to provide excellent oxidation resistance and solder wetting. It can be set as the electronic component or board | substrate with which the property was improved.
Solder balls using an Sn alloy treated with the surface treating agent of the present invention have excellent oxidation resistance, and are arranged on electronic components as a ball grid array which is an electrical connection member, and this is connected to a circuit board. It can be used satisfactorily as a mounted product.
[0033]
Further, the Sn alloy powder can be treated with the surface treating agent of the present invention, and a flux containing an adhesive, an activator, a thixotropic agent, a surfactant, a solvent and the like can be added thereto to be used as a solder paste. This solder paste has a remarkable improvement effect on its storage stability. Conventionally known pressure-sensitive adhesives, activators, thixotropic agents, surfactants and solvents can be used.
【Example】
[0034]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Examples 1-14 and Comparative Examples 1-5
Fifteen types of aqueous solutions containing two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and having no ester bond in the molecule or a salt thereof were prepared (Examples 1 to 14, Comparative Example 1). The breakdown is shown in Table 1.
[0035]
On the other hand, the following pretreatment was performed on the copper material (C1020P, 10 mm × 25 mm × 0.2 t mm).
Alkaline electrolytic degreasing (room temperature, 15 A / dm 2 , treatment for about 30 seconds) → water washing → acid immersion (10% sulfuric acid, room temperature, 5 seconds) → water washing → chemical polishing (CPB-40, room temperature, 1 minute immersion) → water washing → Acid soaking (10% sulfuric acid, room temperature, 5 seconds) → Washing This substrate was Sn plated with a film thickness of about 5 μm (plating bath: Tincoat K (manufactured by Nikko Metal Plating Co., Ltd.)), plating Conditions: cathode current density 2 A / dm 2 , temperature 20 ° C., liquid flow and cathode swing plating).
[0036]
This Sn-plated base material (hereinafter referred to as “Sn base material”) is bathed in a solution containing a compound or salt thereof having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and no ester bond in the molecule. The test substrate was immersed for 10 seconds at a temperature of 60 ° C., then washed with water and dried.
[0037]
The following evaluations were performed on these test substrates. Table 1 shows the test results.
Thermal oxidation resistance These test boards were heat-treated in an electric furnace maintained at 220 ° C. for 1 hour in air, and then solderability with lead-free solder (zero cross time) was measured by the meniscograph method based on the following measurement conditions did.
Equipment; Solder Checker SAT-2000 (Resca)
Solder bath; tin: silver: copper = 96.5: 3: 0.5 (bath temperature 245 ° C.)
Flux; NA-200 (manufactured by Tamura Kaken)
Immersion depth: 2mm
Immersion speed: 4 mm / sec.
Immersion time: 5 sec.
[0038]
Moisture oxidation resistance These test substrates were subjected to PCT treatment (left in a sealed kettle with a temperature of 105 ° C and a humidity of 100% for 16 hours) and then soldered with lead-free solder (zero cross time) by meniscograph method Measured in the same manner as in the section of heat and oxidation resistance.
[0039]
In addition, as a comparative example, the above Sn base material was surface-treated with an isopropanol solution containing 1 g / L of dodecylphosphonic acid (however, no water washing after the surface treatment, Comparative Example 2), phosphonic acid diethyl ester Surface treatment disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-188942 for a substrate (Comparative Example 3) surface-treated with an aqueous solution containing 1 g / L, the untreated Sn substrate (Comparative Example 4), and the Sn substrate. A substrate (Comparative Example 5) treated with an agent (an aqueous solution containing 0.1 g / L of phosphoric acid diphenyl ester) was also evaluated. The test results are also shown in Table 1.
[0040]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004518507
[0041]
Examples 15-28 and Comparative Examples 6-11
The copper material (C1020P, 10 mm × 25 mm × 0.2 t mm) subjected to the same pretreatment as in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was subjected to Sn—Zn plating with a film thickness of about 5 μm. (Plating bath: manufactured by Nikko Metal Plating Co., Ltd., plating conditions: cathode current density 3 A / dm 2 , temperature 35 ° C., pH 4.0, liquid flow and cathode swing plating).
This Sn—Zn-plated base material (hereinafter referred to as Sn—Zn base material) was added to the solutions prepared in Examples 1 to 14, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 5 at a bath temperature of 60 ° C. After dipping for 2 seconds, the substrate was washed with water and dried, and an untreated substrate was used as a test substrate.
These test substrates were subjected to aging, and then solderability was measured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5. The test results are shown in Table 2.
[0042]
Further, as a comparative example, the above-described untreated Sn—Zn base material was treated with the surface treating agent (1 wt% isopropanol solution of monodioctadecynyl phosphate) shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-304554. The substrate subjected to (Comparative Example 11) was also evaluated. The test results are also shown in Table 2.
[0043]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004518507
[0044]
Example 29 and Comparative Example 12
In Example 29, the result of the whisker generation of the surface-treated Sn plating was remarkably suppressed as compared with the case of no surface treatment.
The Sn-plated substrate treated in the same manner as in Example 7 and the substrate not subjected to surface treatment were left for 24 hours in a constant temperature and humidity atmosphere at a temperature of 85 ° C. and a humidity of 85%. Then, after fully drying the substrate, the surface was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). When the surface treatment was not performed, many whiskers were observed (Comparative Example 12), whereas the surface treatment was performed. No whiskers were observed from those subjected to (Example 29).
[Industrial applicability]
[0045]
A surface treatment agent containing at least 0.01 g / L of a compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and not containing an ester bond in the molecule and / or one or more of its salts. By surface-treating the metal, oxidation resistance can be imparted and solder wettability can be improved. By making the pH of this surface treating agent 5 or less, the oxidation resistance is further improved by adding 0.01 to 10 g / L of a surfactant.
[0046]
Moreover, the storage stability of the solder paste containing the Sn alloy solder powder subjected to the surface treatment using the surface treating agent of the present invention is remarkably improved. Furthermore, by processing Sn and Sn alloy plating using the surface treating agent of the present invention, the generation of whiskers can be significantly suppressed.

Claims (13)

有効成分の溶媒溶液からなる金属の表面処理剤であって、前記有効成分が一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上からなり、それを合計で0.01g/L以上含有することを特徴とする金属の表面処理剤。 A metal surface treatment agent comprising a solvent solution of an active ingredient, wherein the active ingredient has two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and does not contain an ester bond in the molecule, and / or a salt thereof. one or consists of two or more, a surface treatment agent of metal, characterized in that in that it has 0.01 g / L or more over including in total. 有効成分と界面活性剤の溶媒溶液からなる金属の表面処理剤であって、前記有効成分が一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上からなり、それを合計で0.01g/L以上含み、前記界面活性剤を0.01g/L〜10g/L含有することを特徴とする金属の表面処理剤。 A metal surface treatment agent comprising a solvent solution of an active ingredient and a surfactant , wherein the active ingredient has two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and does not contain an ester bond in the molecule, and / or Or a metal surface treatment characterized by comprising one or more of its salts, including 0.01 g / L or more in total, and containing 0.01 g / L to 10 g / L of the surfactant. Agent. 有効成分と界面活性剤の溶媒溶液からなる金属の表面処理剤であって、前記有効成分が一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩の1種もしくは2種以上からなり、それを合計で0.01g/L以上含み、前記界面活性剤を0.01g/L〜10g/L含有し、溶液のpHを5以下に調整したことを特徴とする金属の表面処理剤。 A metal surface treatment agent comprising a solvent solution of an active ingredient and a surfactant , wherein the active ingredient has two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and does not contain an ester bond in the molecule, and / or Or it consists of 1 type or 2 types or more of the salt, it contains 0.01g / L or more in total, 0.01g / L-10g / L of the said surfactant is contained, and pH of a solution is adjusted to 5 or less Metal surface treatment agent characterized by the above. 前記一分子内に2個以上のホスホン酸基を持ち、分子内にエステル結合を含まない化合物、及び/又はその塩が下記式(I)、(II)又は(III)で表される化合物、及び/又はそのアルカリ金属塩、アンモニウム塩、又はアミン化合物との塩であることを特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤。
Figure 0004518507
(式(I)中、X〜X及びY〜Yは各々同一もしくは異なってもよく、水素原子、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表す。)
Figure 0004518507
(式(II)中、R、R及びRは、各々同一もしくは異なってもよく、以下の基(A)を表し、Rは、以下の基(A)、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表し、nは1〜3の整数を表す。
Figure 0004518507
基(A)中、X、及びYは、一般式(I)における定義と同じである。)
Figure 0004518507
(式(III)中、Xは水素原子、又は炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基を表し、Yは水素原子、炭素数1〜5の低級アルキル基、水酸基、又はアミノ基を表す。)
A compound having two or more phosphonic acid groups in one molecule and not containing an ester bond in the molecule, and / or a salt thereof represented by the following formula (I), (II) or (III): and / or their alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, or surface treatment agent of metal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a salt of an amine compound.
Figure 0004518507
(In formula (I), X 1 to X 3 and Y 1 to Y 3 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
Figure 0004518507
(In the formula (II), R 1 , R 2 and R 4 may be the same or different and each represents the following group (A), and R 3 represents the following group (A) or 1 to 5 represents a lower alkyl group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.
Figure 0004518507
In the group (A), X 1 and Y 1 are the same as defined in the general formula (I). )
Figure 0004518507
(In formula (III), X represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and Y represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, or an amino group.)
更に防腐剤、pH緩衝剤のいずれか、またはその両方を含む請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤。Furthermore, the surface treatment agent of the metal as described in any one of Claims 1-4 containing either a preservative, a pH buffer, or both. 前記金属がSn又はSn合金であることを特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤。The metal surface treatment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the metal is Sn or an Sn alloy. 請求項1〜のいずれか一項に記載の金属の表面処理剤による表面処理方法。 The surface treatment method by the surface treatment agent of the metal as described in any one of Claims 1-6 . 電子部品もしくは基板の接続端子部の導体表面に、またはその表面にめっきを施した後に、請求項7に記載の表面処理方法により表面処理を行ったことを特徴とする電子部品もしくは基板。An electronic component or a substrate, wherein a surface treatment is performed by the surface treatment method according to claim 7 after the surface of the conductor of the connection terminal portion of the electronic component or the substrate is plated. 請求項7に記載の表面処理方法により表面処理を行ったSn合金を用いたことを特徴とするはんだボール、又ははんだ粉末。A solder ball or a solder powder characterized by using a Sn alloy that has been surface-treated by the surface treatment method according to claim 7 . 請求項9記載のはんだボールを電気的接続部材として用いたことを特徴とするボールグリッドアレイ。 10. A ball grid array, wherein the solder balls according to claim 9 are used as electrical connection members. 請求項9に記載のはんだボールを電子部品に配置し、これを回路基板に接続したことを特徴とする実装品。A mounting product comprising the solder ball according to claim 9 disposed on an electronic component and connected to a circuit board. 請求項9に記載のはんだ粉末を用いたことを特徴とするはんだペースト。A solder paste comprising the solder powder according to claim 9. 請求項12に記載のはんだペーストを用いたことを特徴とする実装品。A mounting product using the solder paste according to claim 12 .
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