JP4509075B2 - 含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体 - Google Patents
含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4509075B2 JP4509075B2 JP2006248669A JP2006248669A JP4509075B2 JP 4509075 B2 JP4509075 B2 JP 4509075B2 JP 2006248669 A JP2006248669 A JP 2006248669A JP 2006248669 A JP2006248669 A JP 2006248669A JP 4509075 B2 JP4509075 B2 JP 4509075B2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 82
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 72
- 239000002088 nanocapsule Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical group [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001362 electron spin resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001198 high resolution scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCOCC(C)O JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012762 magnetic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Description
C(DX)
100mgのN−ドープナノカプセルを100gの純水に添加し、0.1wt%の含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体を得た。
上記0.1wt%の含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体の特性について測定した結果を表1に示す。
Claims (13)
- 流体と、前記流体中に均一に分散する複数の含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルとを含み、
前記含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルが、炭素原子が周期律表IIIおよびV族の原子で置換されるカーボンナノカプセルであるカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。 - 前記含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルの割合が、前記熱伝導流体100重量部当たり0.01から10重量部である請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルが、下記の化学式:
C(DX)
(式中、Cはsp2混成軌道を示す炭素を表し、Dは前記炭素に結合する周期律表IIIまたはV族のある原子を表し、Xは炭素1モル等量当たりのモル等量である0.0001〜0.1を表す)で示される閉じたグラファイト層を有したヘテロ原子を含むカーボンナノカプセルである請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。 - 前記含ヘテロカーボンナノカプセルが、球を内包した球殻構造を持つ多層のグラファイト層を構成する多面体カーボンクラスターである請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記DがN、B、P、またはS原子を含む請求項3記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記Dが水素、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン、水酸基、アミノ基、金属または金属錯体と結合する請求項3記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルが中空である請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルが、金属、金属酸化物、金属炭化物、金属硫化物、金属窒化物、ホウ酸塩金属または合金を充填してなる金属内包カーボンナノカプセルである請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記金属、金属酸化物、金属炭化物、金属硫化物、金属窒化物、ホウ酸塩金属または合金の金属原子がSc、V、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Y、Zr、Mo、Ru、Rh、Pd、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Lu、Ta、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Th、U、またはそれらの組み合わせである請求項8記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルの直径が1〜100nmである請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記流体が水、有機溶媒、またはそれらの組み合わせである請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記流体がアルコールである請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
- 前記流体が水、メタノール、エタノール、n−プロパノール,iso−プロパノール、n−ブタノール、iso−ブタノール、t−ブタノール、t−ペンタノール、エチレングリコール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、スチレン、酢酸エチル、トルエン、キシレン、メチルエチルケトン、アセトン、エンジンオイル、またはそれらの組合せである請求項1記載のカーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW94142040A TWI264415B (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2005-11-30 | Heat transfer fluids with heteroatom-containing nanocapsules |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2007153727A JP2007153727A (ja) | 2007-06-21 |
JP4509075B2 true JP4509075B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
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JP2006248669A Active JP4509075B2 (ja) | 2005-11-30 | 2006-09-13 | 含ヘテロ原子カーボンナノカプセルを有する熱伝導流体 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7396521B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4509075B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100826773B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102006029276B4 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2893948B1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2432842B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI264415B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI333826B (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2010-11-21 | Heat transfer fluids with carbon nanocapsules | |
US7871533B1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2011-01-18 | South Dakota School Of Mines And Technology | Carbon nanoparticle-containing nanofluid |
JP5555625B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-06 | 2014-07-23 | ザ セクレタリー,デパートメント オブ アトミック エナジー,ガヴァメント,オブ インディア | 自然循環システムの安定化方法、熱回収システムおよび除熱媒体 |
TWI364453B (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2012-05-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Lube oil compositions |
GB201101337D0 (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-03-09 | Ducheyne Wouter | Methods and components for thermal energy storage |
US10252852B2 (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2019-04-09 | Jbt Food & Dairy Systems B.V. | Adaptive packaging for food processing systems |
US9241510B2 (en) | 2011-04-23 | 2016-01-26 | Ics Solutions B.V. | Apparatus and method for optimizing and controlling food processing system performance |
US8893518B2 (en) | 2011-04-25 | 2014-11-25 | Ics Solutions B.V. | Accelerating, optimizing and controlling product cooling in food processing systems |
US9955711B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2018-05-01 | Jbt Food & Dairy Systems B.V. | Method and apparatus for increased product throughput capacity, improved quality and enhanced treatment and product packaging flexibility in a continuous sterilizing system |
US9131729B2 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2015-09-15 | Ics Solutions B.V. | Safe and efficient thermal transfer media for processing of food and drink products |
TWM446226U (zh) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-02-01 | Tan Xin Technology Dev Inc | 渦輪增壓器之殼體 |
WO2014207091A1 (fr) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | Nanocyl S.A. | Fluide caloporteur |
US11252840B2 (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2022-02-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Vapor cooling of electronics |
Citations (1)
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JP2004538349A (ja) * | 2001-01-30 | 2004-12-24 | マテリアルズ アンド エレクトロケミカル リサーチ (エムイーアール) コーポレイション | 流体中の熱移動を向上させるためのナノカーボン物質 |
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KR20070056915A (ko) | 2007-06-04 |
DE102006029276B4 (de) | 2012-05-03 |
JP2007153727A (ja) | 2007-06-21 |
KR100826773B1 (ko) | 2008-04-30 |
FR2893948B1 (fr) | 2009-12-18 |
TW200720186A (en) | 2007-06-01 |
GB2432842A (en) | 2007-06-06 |
TWI264415B (en) | 2006-10-21 |
FR2893948A1 (fr) | 2007-06-01 |
GB2432842B (en) | 2009-06-24 |
GB0612955D0 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
US20070122335A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
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US7396521B2 (en) | 2008-07-08 |
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