JP4491569B2 - Moving estimation system and server - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a moving estimation system and server , and more particularly, to a moving estimation system and server capable of performing a more accurate estimation by performing an estimation according to the number of household assets of a customer who desires to move.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a moving contractor (hereinafter referred to as a transporter) that receives or performs a moving request receives an order for a moving request from a customer and then transports the total amount of the load (baggage) related to the moving or the actual load. An estimate was calculated based on the transport distance.
However, although the transport distance for moving can be calculated easily, calculating the amount of load related to moving is a long-standing possession of the person in charge of the carrier who can reliably grasp the load of the moving client. I had to rely on intuition and experience.
For this reason, there were cases in which the estimated amounts differed greatly depending on the person in charge of the carrier or were far from the actual moving costs.

An invention has been created that solves the above-described problems and facilitates customers to easily estimate moving.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention for the purpose of automatically and promptly estimating moving by using an Internet line.
Patent Document 2 discloses an invention in which a list of household goods to be transported at the time of moving is provided, and this list is transmitted to a carrier by FAX to estimate the moving.
In the moving estimation systems described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the moving household property information is received from the customer, the cost required for the moving is calculated according to the household property information, and the estimated amount is calculated.

In the method of calculating an estimate that is the cost of moving from the household property information of the invention disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the estimate is calculated from the household property information by introducing an original calculation formula determined by the inventor himself. The method is adopted. For example, in Patent Document 1, an estimate is calculated by sorting points of household goods (luggage) conveyed by moving from the type of the luggage and using the total number of points. Further, Patent Document 2 does not disclose a specific calculation method for estimating from household property information.
That is, in these inventions, the estimate calculated from the household property information is an element that is arbitrarily changed by the inventor and has no clear standard.
For this reason, even when the customer presents the household property information, the estimate calculated from the household property information is not clear, and thus the estimate is extremely unclear.
Further, the estimation method as described above has a problem in that an error from the actual load amount occurs unless a certain range is provided in the estimation calculated as disclosed in Patent Document 1. .
In this way, in the conventional estimation method and estimation system, the calculation method for calculating the estimate for the customer is unclear, and furthermore, the difference between the estimate calculated from household information and the actual price (cost) is large. It had problems such as that.

JP 2002-117278 A JP 2000-60228 A

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and by making an estimate according to the number of household assets of a customer who desires to move, an extremely clear estimation method can be proposed, and an actual The present invention relates to a moving estimation system and a server that can perform a more accurate estimation that has almost no deviation from the moving price.

The invention described in claim 1 is a moving device comprising a customer terminal of a customer who desires an estimate of moving, a management server of a carrier that performs the moving, and a communication network that connects the customer terminal and the management server so that transmission and reception are possible. a moving estimation system for calculating the estimate, the customer terminal includes a package information transmitting means for transmitting the package information with a plurality of household goods, the moving conveying distance and moving start time information being transported in moving the Estimate information receiving means for receiving estimate information from a management server, wherein the management server receives package information transmitted from the package information transmission means, and a plurality of pieces of information included in the package information the household goods, and sorting means for sorting household effects in accordance with the work needed number per the specific household goods, and divided in accordance with a plurality of household goods in the specific working persons A database to be stored, and an estimate calculation unit, wherein the selecting unit is configured to search, from the household items stored in the database, a household unit that matches the household item from the package information, and to the searched household item. A means for detecting the information on the number of specific workers to be assigned and assigning the information on the number of specific workers to the household goods from the package information; For each work number selected by the sorting means from the basic estimate information set according to the quantity of household goods information in each work number stored in the database. Provided is a moving estimation system characterized by calculating an estimate by detecting basic estimate information corresponding to the quantity of household goods .
The invention according to claim 2 is obtained by the estimate calculating means comparing the household goods selected for each number of workers with the basic estimate information, and subtracting the quantity of the basic estimate information from the quantity of the household goods. The moving estimation system according to claim 1 , further comprising addition means for adding the amount of household goods related to the excess .
A third aspect of the present invention provides the moving estimation system according to the first or second aspect, wherein the package information includes a packaging container of a cardboard box generated when a small article or a dish is transported .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a moving device comprising a customer terminal possessed by a customer who desires a moving estimate, a management server possessed by a carrier that performs the moving, and a communication network that connects the customer terminal and the management server so that transmission and reception are possible. A management server of the estimation system, which extracts package information from package information received by the package information receiving means and package information receiving means for receiving package information consisting of a plurality of household goods information transmitted from the customer terminal. Extracting means, sorting means for sorting out the information of household goods extracted by the extracting means according to the number of workers required for each specific household goods, and storing a plurality of household goods according to the specific number of workers And the estimate calculation means, the sorting means matches the household goods from the package information from the household goods stored in the database. Search means for searching for household goods, information on the number of specific workers assigned to the searched household goods, grant means for granting information on the number of specific work persons to household goods from the package information, The basic goods set according to the quantity of household goods information in each work number stored in the database, comprising the calculation means for distributing the household goods for each information and calculating the quantity of the household goods for each work person A server is provided that calculates an estimate by detecting basic estimate information corresponding to the quantity of household goods for each number of workers selected by the selecting means from the estimate information.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the estimate calculation means compares the household goods selected for each specific work person with the basic estimate information, and subtracts the quantity of the basic estimate information from the quantity of the household goods. 5. The server according to claim 4, further comprising adding means for adding a quantity of household goods related to the excess.
The invention according to claim 6 provides the server according to claim 5, wherein the package information includes a packaging container for cardboard boxes generated when carrying small articles and dishes.
By providing these inventions, the above problems can be solved.

According to the invention described in claim 1, by making an estimate according to the number of household goods of a customer who desires to move, a very clear estimation method can be proposed and there is almost no deviation from the actual moving price. It is possible to provide a moving estimation system capable of performing more accurate estimation.
In addition, since the management server has a database for storing the specific number of workers provided for each piece of household information, it is possible to provide a moving estimation system that can efficiently calculate an estimate.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a moving estimation system capable of calculating a moving estimate extremely accurately even when moving exceeding a predetermined number of household goods.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a moving estimation system that can accurately calculate a moving estimate not only based on the number of household items but also the number of packing containers.

According to the invention described in claim 4, it is possible to propose a very clear estimation method by making an estimate according to the number of household goods of a customer who desires to move, and there is almost no deviation from the actual moving price. A server capable of performing more accurate estimation can be provided.
Moreover, since the management server has a database for storing the specific number of workers provided for each household property information, it is possible to provide a server capable of efficiently calculating an estimate.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a server capable of calculating a moving estimate extremely accurately even when moving exceeding a predetermined number of household goods.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a server that can accurately calculate the moving estimate not only by the number of household items but also by the number of packing containers.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.
The structure of the moving estimation system (1) based on this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a moving estimation system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a moving estimation system according to the present invention.
The moving estimation system (1) has a customer terminal (2), a management server (3), and a communication network (4).

The customer terminal (2) is a terminal held by a customer who desires to move. The customer terminal (2) is connected to a communication network, which will be described later, and is capable of transmitting and receiving with the management server (3). FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing functions of the customer terminal (2).
The customer terminal (2) has a package information transmission means (21) and an estimate information reception means (22).
The package information transmitting means (21) transmits the package information to the management server (3). This package information is information consisting of household goods that the customer carries when moving. The package information is not particularly limited as long as it can notify the management server (3) of the household goods that are transported when the customer moves. Although it does not specifically limit as a concrete transmission method, The method of transmitting the name of the household goods by text data about the household goods conveyed by moving, or displaying a household goods table on the management server (3), A method of notifying the management server (3) of the presence or absence of transportation can be adopted by providing a check column for each household item.
In consideration of the convenience of the customer, it is preferable to provide the management server (3) with a homepage (5) provided with a check column as shown in FIG. 4 and check household goods carried by the customer's mouse input. . By providing the home page in this way, the customer can easily select his / her own household goods.

The package information transmitted by the package information transmitting means (21) preferably includes the number of packaging containers such as cardboard boxes that are generated when carrying small articles or dishes when moving. By transmitting the number of packaging containers as package information in this way, the carrier can select the vehicle to be transported very suitably and can provide a more accurate estimate to the customer.
The method of inputting the information on the number of packing containers as package information includes a method of inputting a specific number of packing containers from the customer terminal (2) and transmitting it to the management server (3), and the homepage (5) described above. Set a column with an appropriate quantity range such as “less than 10”, “10 or more and less than 20”, and select the desired quantity of packaging container from these setting range columns. To the management server (3).

  This customer terminal (2) can also transmit information relating to the moving of the customer who is moving. By transmitting information regarding moving in this way, more accurate estimation can be performed. This moving information is not particularly limited as long as it is information related to various parameters used when calculating the moving cost. For example, the moving date and time (moving start time), the address of the moving source and the moving destination, the work associated with the moving The presence / absence of service (for example, packing or opening) can also be transmitted.

  The estimate information receiving means (22) receives the estimate information calculated by the management server (3). Although the details will be described later, this estimate information is an estimate calculated based on the information transmitted by the package information transmitting means (21) described above by the management server (3).

The management server (3) is a server owned by a carrier that performs moving or estimates moving. FIG. 5 is a block diagram having the function of the management server.
The management server (3) has a package information receiving means (31), an extracting means (32), a sorting means (33), an estimate calculating means (34), an estimate transmitting means (35), and a database (36). .
The package information receiving means (31) receives package information from the customer terminal (2). As described above, the package information includes information on the household property of the customer who moves.
Note that the property information relating to the customer property included in the package information is referred to as “household information”. For example, if “Bunk Bed, Washing Machine, Fan” is included in the baggage information, the household property information has three household property information of “Bunk Bed”, “Laundry Machine”, “Fan”. become.

The extracting means (32) extracts household property information from the package information received by the package information receiving means (31). The package information has a plurality of household property information as described above, and all household property information constituting one package information is individually extracted and the processing described later is performed. The household property information processing method performed by the extraction means (32) can simultaneously process a plurality of household property information at the same time, but processes one household property information and then processes the next household property information. A method of performing processing in such an order can also be adopted. The processing method possessed by the extraction means (32) is not particularly limited.
For example, if “Bunk Bed, Washing Machine, Fan” is included in the package information, the three household property information “Bunk Bed”, “Washing Machine”, and “Fan Fan” are processed individually. Will do. In this case, the household item information “bunk bed”, the household item information “washing machine”, and the household item information “fan” are processed in this order.

The sorting means (33) sorts the household property information extracted by the extracting means (32) according to the specific number of workers (number of workers) required for each specific household property.
The sorting performed by the sorting means (33) classifies the household goods information stored in the database (36) of the management server (3) according to the specific number of workers (number of workers).
The database (36) stores a variety of various household property information according to the number of workers. For example, FIG. 6A shows a list of household property information when the number of workers is one, and FIG. 6B shows a list of household property information when the number of workers is two. In FIG. 6, the number of workers is shown only for one person and two persons, but the case of three persons or more is stored in the database together.
Thus, by storing the household property information for each number of workers in the database (36), the household property information extracted by the extracting means (32) can be easily used by using the household property information stored in the database (36). You will be able to determine the number of workers.

This selection means (33) has a search means (331), a grant means (332), and a calculation means (333).
The search means (331) searches for the same household property information stored in the database (36) based on the household property information extracted by the extraction means (32).
The assigning means (332) detects information on the number of workers attached to the same household property information stored in the searched database (36), and assigns the information on the number of workers to the household property information.
Information on the number of workers is added to the household property information of the parcel information received by the assigning means (332).
The calculating means (333) distributes the household property information in which the information on the number of workers is assigned to the household property information by the assigning means (332), and calculates the quantity of the household property information for each number of workers.
The specific processing performed by the search means (331), the grant means (332), and the calculation means (333) is, for example, when the extraction means (32) extracts household information that is “bunk bed”. The search means (331) searches the database (36) in order to obtain information on the number of workers in the household information of “bunk beds”. By this search, it is understood that the information is the household property information of the number of workers “two” in the database (36) (“bunk bed” is displayed in (b) from the list shown in FIG. 6. ).
When the search means (331) searches for information on the number of workers corresponding to the household information, the grant means (332) gives the searched information on the number of workers “two people” to the household information “bunk bed”. To do.
When the number-of-workers information “two people” is given to the household goods information “bunk bed” by the granting means (332), the calculating means (333) is based on the number-of-workers information “two people”. “Bunk beds” are allocated to “two people”. At this time, the quantity of household property information distributed to the number of workers “two” is calculated. If this household property information “bunk bed” is the first accumulated in the number of workers “two people”, “1” is calculated, “3” is calculated for the third, and “n” is calculated for the nth. Will be. This number is the quantity (total number) of household information.
Note that the calculation of household property information performed by the calculation means (333) may be performed by assigning all household property information constituting the package information to the number of workers, and then calculating the quantity of household property information for each number of workers.

The estimate calculating means (34) calculates an estimate according to the quantity of household goods information for each number of workers calculated by the selecting means (33).
The estimate performed by the estimate calculation means (34) detects basic estimate information corresponding to the quantity of household goods information calculated by the selection means (33) from the basic estimate information stored in the database (36). Done.
This basic estimate information is set according to the quantity of household goods information for each number of workers. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the number of workers “one person” is “8” and there is no other household information, the basic estimate information “1” is selected and the estimate information “10000 yen” is detected. Is done. Further, in the case of the household item information “12” of the number of workers “one” and the household item information “4” of the number of workers “two”, the basic estimate information “5” is detected, and the estimate information “20000 yen” is detected. It will be.

For other estimates performed by the estimate calculation means (34), fixed basic estimate information corresponding to the quantity of household property information is set, and an estimate is calculated by comparison with the fixed basic estimate information.
As the basic estimate information in this case, as shown in FIG. 8, fixed basic estimate information is determined according to the quantity of household goods information for each number of workers.
Also, an addition means for adding the amount of the amount of household property information in excess obtained by comparing the amount of basic property information with the amount of household property information selected by the number of workers and comparing the amount of basic property information have.
For example, if the package information is “14” for the household item information for the number of workers “one” and “3” for the household item information for the group “two people”, the package information is “one person” for the worker number and “two people” for the worker number. Therefore, the basic estimate information “ 2 ” shown in FIG. 8 is selected as the basic estimate information. Then, when compared with the package information, there are four pieces of household property information for the number of workers “one person”. Therefore, it is possible to add an excess amount of household property information by this adding means.
By calculating the excess and adding an additional fee to the estimate in this way, an accurate estimate is calculated.

The estimate performed by the estimate calculation means (34) can be added according to the moving distance of the moving that can be calculated using the prior art, or can be added according to the moving start time.
In this case as well, an excess charge can be set in advance and added in proportion to the excess charge.

The estimated information transmitting means (35) transmits the estimated information calculated by the estimated calculating means (34) to the customer terminal (2) that transmitted the package information to the management server (3).
The estimate information transmitting means (35) is not particularly limited as long as it can transmit the estimate information described above, and a transmission technique used in the communication network (4) described later can be adopted.

The communication network (4) connects the management server (2) and the customer terminal (3) so as to be able to transmit and receive. This communication network (4) can employ an Internet line or a dedicated line using a general telephone line.
The above is the configuration of the moving estimation system of the present invention.

The operation of the moving estimation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the moving estimation system.
A customer who wishes to move accesses the homepage of the carrier (S1).
Since the homepage discloses a list of household goods to be transported when moving, the customer selects his / her desired household goods using this list.
At this time, the customer transmits the package information by the package information transmitting means (21) of the customer terminal (2) (S2).
At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, by providing a list, the customer can select and input household goods carried by moving, and can transmit the package information from the customer terminal (2) to the management server (3). .
For example, “bag closet, locker chiffon, personal computer, stereo, wagon, stove, skiing, home kotatsu, washing machine, Buddhist altar (small), video, carpet (8 cm or more), sofa” is input as luggage information. .
The package information is transmitted to the management server (3) via the communication network (4) by the package information transmitting means (21) of the customer terminal (2).

The management server (3) receives the package information transmitted from the customer terminal (2) in the package information receiving means (31) (S3).
The received package information is sent to the extraction means (32).
FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the process from receiving the package information to calculating the household property information for each number of workers.
The received package information is transferred to the extraction means (32). The extracting means (32) is the received package information "closet chase, rocker chiffon, personal computer, stereo, wagon, stove, ski, home kotatsu, washing machine, Buddhist altar (small), video, carpet (8cm or more), sofa" Household property information is extracted from (S4).
At this time, the extraction means (32) is the luggage information “closet chase, rocker chiffon, personal computer, stereo, wagon, stove, ski, home kotatsu, washing machine, Buddhist altar (small), video, carpet (8 帖 or more), sofa ”,“ Closet chest ”,“ Rocker chest ”,“ PC ”,“ Stereo ”,“ Wagon ”,“ Stove ”,“ Ski ”,“ Home Kotatsu ”,“ Washing machine ”,“ "Buddhist altar (small)", "video", "carpet (more than 8cm)", "sofa" will be extracted.

The package information from which the household goods information has been extracted by the extracting means (32) is sent to the sorting means (33) (S5 or S11).
The household property information sent to the sorting means (33) (for example, using the “push-in chase” which is the household information of the above-mentioned package information) is first sent to the searching means (331) and stored in the database (36). The stored household property information “close-in dance” is searched (S12).
By this search means (331), it can be seen that the household property information “closet chase” is stored as information on the number of workers “one person”. Information on the number of workers “one person” is detected.
Next, the information on the detected number of workers “one person” is given to the household property information “in close dance” by the grant means (332) (S13).
The household property information “close-in dance” with the information on the number of workers “one person” is distributed to the number of workers “one person” by the calculation means (333) (S14).
At this time, since the household property information “close-in dance” is the first information of the received package information, the number of workers “one person” can be set so that one household property information is accumulated. .
The above-described sorting means (33) processes the household goods information ("rockerance", "computer", "stereo", "wagon", "stove", "ski", "home kotatsu", " The process is repeated until all of the “washing machine”, “Buddhist altar (small)”, “video”, “carpet (8 cm or more)”, “sofa”) are processed (S15).
Referring to FIG. 6, the package information includes “13” household property information of “one person” and “2” household property information of “two people”.

  The package information obtained by distributing the household information in the package information for each number of workers by the calculation means (333) is estimated by the estimate calculation means (34) according to the quantity of household goods information for each number of workers included in the package information. Information is calculated (S6).

The estimate performed by the estimate calculation means (34) is based on the basic estimate information stored in the database (36), and the quantity of household goods for each number of workers calculated by the selection means (33) (household information on the number of workers "one person"). Basic estimate information including “13” and household property information “2”) of the number of workers “two” is detected.
In this case, referring to FIG. 7, since the basic estimate information “5” stored in the database (36) is detected, the estimate information “20000 yen” is calculated.

Further, when the basic estimation information shown in FIG. 8 is adopted, the quantity of household property information for each number of workers calculated by the sorting means (33) (the household property information “13” for the number of workers “one person”, the number of workers) Basic estimate information including “two” household property information “2”) is detected.
In this case, the basic estimation information “2” shown in FIG. 8 is detected. At this time, the selected package information has “3” pieces of household property information as an excess than the household items information of the number of workers “one person” of the basic estimate information “2”.
For this reason, "3" household goods information is added to the above-described estimated information as an additional fee by the adding means.
The additional fee may be set by the user (carrier) as appropriate, and an additional estimate of “1000 yen” may be added for “1” household property information. It may be set as an additional charge.

  In addition, when setting the number of packing containers such as cardboard boxes that are generated when carrying small items, dishes, etc. in the package information, it can be set as one household property information, and the number of packing containers is determined in advance. In addition, when this quantity is exceeded, the excess can be added to the estimate information.

When the estimate calculating means (34) calculates the estimate information, the estimate information transmitting means (35) transmits the estimate information to the customer terminal (2) (S7).
The customer terminal (2) receives the estimate information at the estimate information receiving means (22) (S8).
The customer confirms the estimate information and decides whether to make an estimate. At this time, since the estimate is prepared based on the quantity of the household goods of the customer, it is possible to provide an estimate that is very clear for the customer and has very little estimation error.

It is a schematic system diagram of a moving estimation system according to the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the moving estimation system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the function of a customer terminal. The screen which inputs the package information by a customer terminal is shown. It is a block diagram which shows the function of a management server. (A) is a list of household goods performed by one person, and (b) is a list of household goods performed by two persons. It is a list which shows the relationship between basic estimation information and the number of work persons, and estimation information. It is another list which shows the basic estimate information and the relationship between the number of workers and the estimate information. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the moving estimation system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows until household property information is calculated for every work number after receiving package information.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Moving estimation system 2 ... Customer terminal 21 ... Package information transmission means 22 ... Estimation information reception means 3 ... Management server 31 ... Package information reception means 32 ... Extraction means 33 ... sorting means 34 ... estimate 4 ... communication network

Claims (6)

A moving estimation system for calculating a moving estimate comprising a customer terminal possessed by a customer who desires a moving estimate, a management server possessed by a carrier who performs the move, and a communication network connecting the customer terminal and the management server so as to be able to transmit and receive Because
The customer terminal is
And package information transmitting means for transmitting the package information with a plurality of household goods, moving conveying distance and information of the moving start time to be transported in moving,
An estimate information receiving means for receiving estimate information from the management server;
The management server
Package information receiving means for receiving the package information transmitted from the package information transmitting means;
A sorting means for sorting a plurality of household goods included in the package information according to the number of workers required for each specific household;
A database for storing a plurality of household goods separately according to the specific number of workers;
Have an estimate calculator,
The selecting means includes
Search means for searching for a household item that matches the household item from the package information from the household item stored in the database;
A means for detecting information on a specific number of workers attached to the searched household property, and granting information on the specific number of workers to the household item from the package information;
Distributing the household goods for each information of the specific work number, comprising a calculation means for calculating the quantity of the household goods for each work number,
The estimate calculation means obtains basic estimate information according to the quantity of household goods for each number of workers selected by the sorting means from basic estimate information set according to the quantity of household goods information for each work person stored in the database. A moving estimation system characterized by calculating an estimate by detecting . The estimate calculating means compares the household goods selected for each number of workers with the basic estimate information, and subtracts the quantity of the basic estimate information from the quantity of the household goods to calculate the quantity of household goods related to the excess The moving estimation system according to claim 1 , further comprising addition means for performing addition . 3. The moving estimation system according to claim 1 , wherein the package information includes a packaging container for cardboard boxes that is generated when carrying small items and dishes . A management server of a moving estimation system comprising a customer terminal possessed by a customer who desires a moving estimate, a management server possessed by a carrier who performs the moving, and a communication network connecting the customer terminal and the management server so as to be able to transmit and receive ,
    Package information receiving means for receiving package information consisting of information on a plurality of household goods transmitted from the customer terminal;
    Extracting means for extracting household information from the package information received by the package information receiving means;
    Sorting means for sorting information on household goods extracted by the extraction means according to the number of workers required for each specific household goods,
A database for storing a plurality of household goods separately according to the specific number of workers;
Have an estimate calculator,
The selecting means includes
    Search means for searching for a household item that matches the household item from the package information from the household item stored in the database;
    A means for detecting information on the number of specific workers attached to the searched household property, and granting information on the number of specific workers to the household property from the package information;
    Distributing the household goods for each information of the specific work number, comprising a calculation means for calculating the quantity of the household goods for each work number,
  The estimate calculation means obtains basic estimate information according to the quantity of household goods for each number of workers selected by the sorting means, from basic estimate information set according to the quantity of household goods information for each work person stored in the database. A server characterized by calculating an estimate by detection. The estimate calculation means compares the household goods selected for each specific number of workers with the basic estimate information, and subtracts the quantity of the basic estimate information from the quantity of household goods, and the quantity of household goods related to the excess 5. The server according to claim 4, further comprising addition means for adding minutes. 6. The server according to claim 5, wherein the package information includes a cardboard box packing container that is generated when a small article or a dish is transported.

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