JP4485395B2 - Seaweed settlement base - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seaweed settlement base that can be advantageously implemented in order to construct a seaweed bed in a sea area where damage caused by bottom herbivores such as sea urchins is observed.

  The conventional artificial seaweed, which is the first prior art, is a sheet-like high olefin foam that is processed into a tape shape and promoted from the sea bottom by starting from the seabed. Some products are processed into a comb shape to promote the growth of seaweed. These artificial seaweeds are generally used in inner bays where the external force is relatively weak, and are used as a seaweed settlement base in addition to reef action. Since the base material is a foam, when it is used in a sea area where sea urchins live, the bubble part locally buckles and breaks due to the vibration flow. In addition, since the surface shape is smooth, large seaweeds are not able to retain the fixing force after they have settled and grown.

  In addition, as a conventional prior art substrate for promoting acceleration, which is the second prior art, there is a porous substrate having fine irregularities on the surface shape. Although this seaweed growth promoting substrate has a growth promoting effect, it does not function to suppress the invasion of food plants.

  A third prior art that controls the invasion of conventional vegetation animals is one that suppresses the invasion of sea urchins and the like by bundling flexible fiber nets and swinging them in the sea. The thing that controls the invasion of such vegetation animals is to control the invasion again after removing the vegetation animals from the area to some extent, and although the food pressure on seaweed in the area can be avoided, Coexistence cannot be achieved.

An object of the present invention is to provide a seaweed settlement base in which a seaweed coexists with a herbivorous herbivore such as a sea urchin while protecting the seaweed's early juveniles from sea urchin damage.

The present invention is an elongated sheet-like up and down a flexible (a), made of synthetic resin, specific gravity of 1 or more, a base material having a lower end provided at a fixed position in the water,
The base material has a width of 5 to 10 cm, a length of 20 to 40 cm, and a thickness of 1 to 3 mm.
The base material has a spring force in which the upper end of the base material swings 20 to 60 degrees from a vertical upright state in a natural state with respect to a vibration flow of water of 10 cm / s,
(B) a plurality of linear bodies extending outwardly from the base material and made of synthetic resin,
It has a spring force that does not crush even if bent by the weight of bottom herbivorous animals such as sea urchins,
The height H1 protruding from the base material of the linear body is 2 to 30 mm,
Distance L1 of each other linear body is 3 to 30 mm, a seaweed epiphytic foundation, characterized in Rukoto which have a a linear body with a diameter 100D～2mmfai.

The present invention is based on
First lateral distance L2 along the surface of the base material is 5 cm, and
The second interval L3 in the vertical direction in the thickness direction of the base material is 12.5 to 25 cm and is arranged adjacent to the group .

  The present invention also provides a seaweed settlement method characterized in that seaweeds are allowed to grow on the seaweed growth base described above.

  The base material is a synthetic resin, such as soft vinyl chloride, which has a specific gravity of 1 or more and has strength and flexibility in order to suppress sea urchin scooping. It has the effect of facilitating the formation of the seedlings by sticking them and fixing them, and the effect of protecting the early juveniles from physical impact. By using a base material having a specific gravity of 1 or more and having strength and flexibility, the base material can be easily oscillated even with a small vibration flow in order to suppress the sea urchin from climbing onto the base material.

  The effect of promoting the growth of seaweed is enhanced by attaching a fibrous body with irregularities on the surface. By sticking a fiber body with irregularities on the surface, it has the effect of protecting the early juveniles from physical shocks caused by the vibration of the base. Sea turtles and seaweeds will coexist by providing seaweed seedlings themselves with the effect of suppressing the invasion of sea urchins and other food plants. In the third prior art that controls the invasion of vegetation animals, seaweed growth is good because it exerts its effect by removing vegetation animals such as sea urchins from the area. There is a problem that it cannot coexist.

The present invention is a seaweed settlement with a sea urchin invasion control function using a flexible sheet-like material having a width of 5 cm to 10 cm and a length of 20 cm to 40 cm and provided with fibrous irregularities in order to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed settlement. A flexible sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is preferably used to enhance the seaweed growth promoting effect that is a base and can further ensure a rocking angle of 20 degrees or more with respect to a vibration flow of 10 cm / s. The sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities in order to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed formation that is rigid to such an extent that the above functions are not impaired even when the sea urchins 1 or 2 crawl up against a vibration flow of 10 to 40 cm / s Preferably, a sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is used in order to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed formation without causing damage due to local buckling or the like with respect to a vibration flow of 50 cm / s.
The said base | substrate can be arrange | positioned at a colony and can heighten the effect which opposes the sea urchin damage.

  By affixing a fibrous body having a convex part of 2 mm or more on the surface to the base material constituting the base, the effect of protecting the seaweed initial juvenile from the physical impact due to the vibration of the base can be enhanced.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a seaweed settlement base 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The base 1 basically includes a base material 2 and a plurality of linear bodies 3 protruding outward from the base material 2. The lower end portion of the base material 2 is attached and fixed to the seabed 5 underwater by a fixture 4. On this base 1, a kombu 6 grows, and this kombu 6 is prevented from feeding sea urchins. In this way, the emergence of kombu spores is promoted, the young seedlings from sea urchin feeding are protected, and the seaweeds are formed efficiently.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the seaweed settlement base 1 is arranged with a gap L2 in the lateral direction along the surface of the base material 2 and arranged in a group with a gap L3 in the vertical direction in the thickness direction of the base material 2. Show. As described above, the base 1 is arranged in a group at a fixed position in the water, so that the seaweed can be formed more efficiently.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the seaweed settlement base 1 is provided with a higher arrangement density than the state of FIG. 2. The distance L2 between the bases 1 arranged in the group as described above may be 5 cm, for example, and the distance L3 may be 12.5 to 25 cm, for example.

  FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the seaweed settlement base 1. The base material 2 is a flexible sheet that is elongated vertically, and its lower end 8 is provided in a fixed position such as the seabed 5 in water as described above. The fixture 4 includes a first fixing member 11 having a L-shaped base section and a second fixing member 12 having a flat plate shape. The first fixing member 11 includes an attachment portion 13 that is fixed at a fixed position, and another attachment portion 14 that rises vertically from the attachment portion 13 and comes into contact with one surface of the lower end portion 8 of the base material 2. The second fixing member 12 contacts the other surface of the lower end portion 8 of the base material 2. The one or more bolts 15 are inserted through the attachment portion 14, the lower end portion 8 of the base material 2, and the second attachment member 12 in this order, and are screwed and fixed to the nut 16. The fixture 4 may be made of metal, for example, and may be made of a material such as stainless steel.

  The base material 2 is made of a synthetic resin material, for example, may be made of a material such as soft vinyl chloride or nylon, may be made of a material such as synthetic rubber such as urethane rubber, or may be made of other materials. . The base material 2 is flexible and has a sheet shape that is elongated vertically, and the width L4 may be 5 to 10 cm, for example, and the length L5 may be 20 to 40 cm, for example. The base material 2 is swung as shown by an imaginary line 18 at an angle θ1 from an upright end 17 in a natural state, for example, a vertical upright state with respect to a vibration flow of 10 cm / s water in water. Thus, it has a spring force that is angularly displaced. The angle θ1 is, for example, 20 degrees or more, less than 90 degrees, and may be, for example, 20 to 60 degrees.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the seaweed settlement base 1. Base ends of a plurality of linear bodies 3 are fixed and erected on both surfaces of the base material 2. Height H1 which protruded from the surface of the base material 2 of the linear body 3 is 2-30 mm, for example, and the mutual space | interval L1 of the linear body 3 may be 3-30 mm. The linear body 3 has a right cylindrical shape and a diameter of 100d to 2mmφ.

The linear body 3 may be made of a synthetic resin material such as polylactic acid, nylon (trade name) Ny, polyethylene PE, or polypropylene PP. Although the thickness of the linear body 3 may be a monofilament of 100d or more, in the case of a multifilament, the thickness of one filament needs to be 100d or more. The linear body 3 is elastic and may have a spring force that may be crushed by the weight of shellfish such as sea urchins, abalone, and butera, which cause damage to seaweed, but is not crushed. It may have a spring force similar to that of a linear body, or may have flexibility, but may be rigid. The axis of the linear body 3 is linear and may be perpendicular to the surface 14 but may be inclined at an angle other than 90 ° or may be a curved shape. The thickness D1 of the linear body 3 is 100d (denier) to an outer diameter of 5 mmφ, preferably 100d to 2 mmφ as described above , and has, for example, a circular cross section. Although the height H1 which protruded from the base material 2 of the linear body 3 to the side of FIG. 5 may be 1-5 mm, it may be 1-30 mm. The interval L1 between the base ends of the linear bodies 3 may be 1 to 3 mm, but may be 3 to 30 mm. When the outer diameter D1 and height H1 of the linear body 3 and the distance L1 between them are out of the above-mentioned ranges, the damage caused by bottom herbivorous animals such as sea urchin, abalone and butterfly is remarkable.

  In the sea, fertilized eggs 11 of hondawala and zoospores of the kombu attach to this base 1, and it grows and grows. The seaweed that has grown on the linear body 3 has a weak ability to settle and is unstable to waves in seawater. The fertilized egg of Honda Walla has a diameter of 100 to 500 μm and adheres by being dropped by its own weight and entangled with the linear body 3. The zoospores, which are spores of the family Kombuaceae, have a length of 10 to 50 μm, drift in the water, and adhere to the linear body 3 by entanglement. Even if the surface from which the linear body 3 of the substrate 1 protrudes is smooth, adhesion of the fertilized egg and the zoospore 12 is sufficiently achieved, but the surface may be porous or uneven. May be present.

  The base 1 further contains divalent iron, silicon, phosphorus, etc. to promote the engraftment and seedling of fertilized eggs and zoospores. Good.

  The thickness L6 of the base material 2 may be 0.5 to 6 mm, for example, but is preferably 1 to 3 mm, and particularly preferably 2 mm.

  The seaweed settlement base with an intrusion control function for sea urchins according to the present invention has a rigid seaweed to such an extent that the above functions are not impaired even when 1 or 2 sea urchins crawl up against a vibration flow of 10 to 40 cm / s. In order to enhance the raw promotion effect, a sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is used. In addition, a sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is used to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed growth without causing damage due to local buckling or the like with respect to a vibration flow of 50 cm / s.

  FIG. 6 is a simplified perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention. The base 1 shown in FIG. 6 may be attached to a fixed position such as the seabed 5 with an adhesive such as an underwater cement 19 at the lower end 8 thereof. In this way, the structure for attachment is simplified without using the fixture 4.

FIG. 7 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing the state of the sea to which the seaweed settlement base 1 of the present invention described above is attached. In the inner bay 41, the flow rate of seawater is low, sea urchins become active, and mud tends to accumulate on the seabed 5 and the base 1 . In the present invention, the base material 2 of these bases 1 is flexible, has a spring force, and is flexible, so that mud can be prevented from adhering due to its swinging. In the inner bay 41, the base 1 extends up and down, and therefore can be contacted in a region where the flow velocity is as high as possible at a position higher than the seabed 5, thereby avoiding mud adhesion, Can be promoted. If the base 1 is fixed to the seabed 5 in a horizontal posture, the seabed 5 is indicated by a reference numeral 43 at an inner bay 41 inward (right side in FIG. 7 ) of the ridge 42. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the accumulation of mud and prevent sea urchins from inhabiting, and there is a problem that such a civil engineering work becomes large-scale. The present invention solves such problems. The left side of FIG. 7 is the open ocean where the wave 44 is larger than the inner bay 41 than the raised portion 42.

The experimental results of the inventor will be described. Examples 1 to 6 were installed from March 1st to March 13th 2003 at the Erara fishing port of Hokkaido, and the amount of settlement of seaweed kombu which is seaweed 6 was measured. Examples 1 to 4 have the configuration of FIGS. 1 to 5, and Examples 5 and 6 have the configuration of FIG. 6 . Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have the configurations shown in FIGS. The base material 2 has a width of 6 cm, a length of 30 cm, a thickness of 2 mm, and the diameter of the linear body 3 is 100d.

According to the present invention, it is understood that the seaweed settlement base 1 is effective.

It is sectional drawing which shows the seaweed growth base 1 of one Embodiment of this invention. The state where the seaweed settlement base 1 is arranged in the horizontal direction with an interval L2 and arranged in a group with an interval L3 in the vertical direction is shown. It is a perspective view which shows the state in which the seaweed growth base 1 was provided with the arrangement | positioning density still higher compared with the state of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the seaweed growth base 1. FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the seaweed settlement base 1. FIG. 6 is a simplified perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention. Simplified section showing the state of the sea where the seaweed settlement base 1 of the present invention is attached. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 base 2 base material 3,27 linear body 5 seabed 6 comb
8 Lower end portion 11 First fixing member 12 Second fixing member 19 Underwater cement

Claims (3)

(A) a flexible base material that is elongated in the form of a sheet, made of synthetic resin, having a specific gravity of 1 or more, and having a lower end provided at a fixed position in water;
The base material has a width of 5 to 10 cm, a length of 20 to 40 cm, and a thickness of 1 to 3 mm.
The base material has a spring force in which the upper end of the base material swings 20 to 60 degrees from a vertical upright state in a natural state with respect to a vibration flow of water of 10 cm / s,
(B) a plurality of linear bodies extending outwardly from the base material and made of synthetic resin,
It has a spring force that does not crush even if bent by the weight of bottom herbivorous animals such as sea urchins,
The height H1 protruding from the base material of the linear body is 2 to 30 mm,
A mutual interval L1 between the linear bodies is 3 to 30 mm, and has a linear body having a diameter of 100d to 2 mmφ. The foundation is
The first interval L2 in the horizontal direction along the surface of the base material is 5 cm, and the second vertical interval L3 in the thickness direction of the base material is 12.5 to 25 cm adjacent to each other and arranged in the group. The seaweed settlement base according to claim 1. A seaweed seedling method comprising causing seaweeds to grow on the seaweed seedling substrate according to claim 1 or 2 .

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