JP4180218B2 - Wave block for fish reef combined use - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention generally relates to a block that provides a wave-dissipating action, and more particularly relates to a hollow block that is embedded in the sea or in a river and can simultaneously provide a function as a reef where fish gather together with a wave-dissipating function. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In civil engineering work, it is well known to install artificial reefs, that is, artificial reefs, in order to form artificial reefs off the coast and protect the coast or harbor facilities from waves, high waves, and erosion.
This artificial reef usually forms a foundation mound raised in a trapezoidal shape with a predetermined height by dumping stone (rubble) over a predetermined length and width to an appropriate location offshore from the coastline. It is formed by laying a covering material such as a covering stone or a concrete block along the upper surface of the foundation mound.
[0003]
In such an artificial leaf, a wave-dissipating effect is produced mainly by breaking waves at the slope and the top.
When the waves rushing from the offshore reach the coast or harbor through the artificial reef, the energy of the waves is greatly reduced, and the strength to destroy the coastline and the like is lost.
Thus, the artificial reef protects the coastline and the like from waves and the like.
[0004]
As a wave-dissipating block for use in such an artificial leaf, for example, there is a block disclosed in JP-A-8-3965.
As shown in FIG. 13, this block has an opening 2 whose four side surfaces are fully opened, and a plurality of openings 3 having a predetermined opening ratio are provided on the upper surface. A hollow block 1 is disclosed.
[0005]
As shown in FIG. 14, the hollow block 1 is juxtaposed on the upper surface of the foundation mound 4 at a height where the water level is always submerged at low tide (LWL) as well as at high tide (HWL).
Thus, when the waves rush from the offshore A toward the coast B as indicated by the arrow 5, the waves always pass through the top end surfaces of these block rows. The wave energy is consumed by entering the opening 2 in the block.
[0006]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-4819 discloses a fish nest revetment block 6, 6a as shown in FIG.
The revetment blocks 6 and 6a are formed with upper fish nest recesses 7 and 7a and lower fish nest recesses 8 and 8a having the same shape symmetrically in the vertical direction at the center.
When the revetment blocks 6 and 6a are attached to the shore, the upper revetment block 6 and the lower revetment block 6a are shifted and stacked by half.
As a result, a fish nest space is formed by the upper fish nest recess 7a of the lower revetment block 6a and the lower fish nest recess 8 of the upper revetment block 6 to form a gap for water and fish passages. is there.
[0007]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-43918 fixes a plurality of concrete blocks 10 to a net-like member 9 and lays and fixes logs 11 on the plurality of concrete blocks 10. Is covered with a log 11.
When used, these logs 11 prevent the sediment from flowing out.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the vicinity of the artificial reef, it is in a state of artificial shallow water, so the aeration action is active, and the photosynthesis action is particularly efficient.
Therefore, the occurrence of plankton is abundant, and it has become a point where many types of fish are gathered using these planktons as a bait. Many fishermen consider this artificial reef as the starting point for rearing fisheries.
By the way, the concrete blocks for laying on the upper surface of the foundation mound having a trapezoidal shape having a predetermined height are roughly divided into dedicated to wave-dissipation and dedicated to reefs.
[0009]
The hollow block disclosed in the above-mentioned JP-A-8-3965 is exclusively used for wave extinction.
Of course, since the form has a hollow shape, there is a possibility that the function as a fish reef may occur supplementarily at the stage where algae, moss, etc. have grown naturally in the hollow part of the hollow block over the years. The function as a fish reef occurs as a result, and no means for actively obtaining the function has been applied from the beginning.
In general, in order to exert functions as a fish reef, food for collecting fish is necessary, and the food that is used is microorganisms such as plankton in the water and algae.
However, it is difficult to promote the assembly of microorganisms and to expect the generation of algae in the concrete-exposed block such as the wave-dissipating block here.
[0010]
On the contrary, the revetment block disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-4819 is a block dedicated to the fish nest, and little consideration is given to the wave-dissipating function.
[0011]
Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-43918 is a concrete block for a civil engineering structure, which completely lacks a wave-removing function and a fish reef function.
[0012]
Thus, there has not been a block that actively provides a wave-dissipating function and a fish reef function at the same time.
Based on the technical background as described above, the present invention aims to provide a block capable of actively providing a function as a fish reef at the same time as providing an excellent wave-dissipating function on the one hand. It is said.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the problems as described above, the present invention generates algae by providing a hollow part in a block having a wave-dissipating function and passing a wooden beam in the hollow part, It has been found that by inviting microorganisms and fish, it is possible to provide a fish habitat in the hollow portion, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.
[0014]
That is, the present invention provides (1) a concrete block main body having a hollow portion, a wooden beam structure provided in the hollow portion, and a fixing for fixing the beam structure to the block main body. Consists of means and It is a block for wave breakage combined with fish reef , The beam structure includes a vertical beam having a first large diameter, a vertical beam having a second small diameter, and a plurality of horizontal beams spanned above the first and second vertical beams. Is , The beam structure is attached to the block body so as to form a single taper. It exists in the block for wave breakage combined with a fish reef.
[0016]
and again,( 2 ), A combined fish reef comprising a concrete block body having a hollow part, a wooden beam structure provided in the hollow part, and a fixing means for fixing the beam structure to the block body. A wave-dissipating block, wherein the beam structure includes a first large-diameter vertical beam arranged at a central position, a second small-diameter vertical beam arranged at the front and rear positions thereof, and first and first 2 and a plurality of inclined beams suspended above the vertical beam, The beam structure is attached to the block body so as to form both tapers. Has been It exists in the block for wave breakage combined with a fish reef.
[0018]
and again,( 3 ), Above The beam structure is composed of thinned wood (1) Or (2) It exists in the block for wave breakage combined with a fish reef.
[0019]
and again,( 4 ), Above The block body generally has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and is formed by a central portion and an extension portion that integrally extends obliquely outward from the corners of the four corners of the central portion. Above (1) to ( 3) Any one of Item description It exists in the block for wave breakage combined with fish reef.
[0020]
and again,( 5 ), Above (1) to (1), wherein the fixing means includes an anchor bolt embedded in the block body, and a nut screwed to the anchor bolt. 4 Any one of Item description It exists in the block for wave breakage combined with fish reef.
[0021]
and again,( 6 ), Above (1) to (1) in which the fixing means is made of a wire. 4 Any one of Item description It exists in the block for wave breakage combined with fish reef.
If the present invention meets this purpose, the above 1 to 6 A configuration combining two or more selected from the above can also be adopted.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following, specific blocks advantageous for use for artificial reef will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the specific examples described here, but only by the claims. Is.
[0023]
[First Embodiment]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a fish reef combined wave-dissipating block according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a side sectional view.
Here, the block 20 includes a concrete block main body 21 having a hollow portion 26, a wooden beam structure 22 provided in the hollow portion 26, and a beam structure 22 to the block main body 21. And fixing means 23 for fixing.
[0024]
The block body 21 is generally formed of a concrete material having a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
More specifically, it is formed by a central portion 24 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and an extension portion 25 that integrally extends obliquely outward from the corners of the four corners of the central portion 24.
In other words, the block main body 21 is formed by punching portions 25a each having a trapezoidal shape on each side of a virtual concrete rectangular shape (indicated by a two-dot chain line 24a in the figure) having a size larger than that of the central portion 24 having the rectangular cross section. It has a shape in which the extension 25 extending diagonally outward therefrom is left at the corners of the four corners.
[0025]
Further, a hollow portion 26 having a hexagonal shape is provided in the middle of the central portion 24 so as to penetrate from the upper surface to the lower surface of the block main body 21.
Further, a grounding leg 27 having a short, generally rectangular cross section is integrally provided on the back surface or bottom surface of the extension portion 25 (see FIG. 1B).
As a result, the block 20 is laid at a predetermined distance from a grounding surface such as a foundation mound.
[0026]
The hollow portion 26 plays a role of reducing the buoyancy of the block main body 21 and reliably fixing the block 20 on the ground contact surface in a stable state to prevent subsequent movement.
Further, the hollow portion 26 has a function of providing a habitat space in which fish can relocate when the invention invention block 20 acts as a fish reef.
Therefore, the hollow portion 26 is not limited to a hexagonal shape as long as the object can be achieved, and may have a circular, elliptical, triangular or rectangular cross section, or other cross sectional shapes.
Similarly, the grounding leg 27 is not limited to a rectangular cross section, and may be any shape such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a polygon, and the like.
[0027]
Anchor bolts 28 and 29 are embedded in the central portion 24 of the block main body 21 at predetermined intervals over one row (two rows together) with the hollow portion 26 interposed therebetween.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the upper ends of the anchor bolts 28 in one row [right row in the example of FIG. 1A] are the left row in the other row [in the example of FIG. 1A]. ] Extending above the upper end of the anchor bolt 29.
[0028]
Screws (not shown) are cut at the upper ends of the anchor bolts 28 and 29, and nuts 30 can be screwed into these screw portions.
The anchor bolts 28 and 29 and the nut 30 constitute the fixing means 23 and provide a function of fixing the beam structure 22 to the upper surface of the block main body 21.
Here, as the fixing means, a method of connecting and fixing the block and the beam structure using a wire may be employed.
[0029]
The beam structure 22 preferably spans the longitudinal beam 31 having a first large diameter, preferably the longitudinal beam 32 having a second small diameter, and the upper side of the first and second longitudinal beams 31, 32. And a plurality of horizontal beams 33.
These beams (the first vertical beam 31, the second vertical beam 32, and the horizontal beam 33) are all used by cutting wood having a substantially circular cross section, preferably thinned wood into a predetermined length.
[0030]
The first vertical beam 31 is provided with holes (through holes) arranged at intervals equal to the embedded dimensions of the anchor bolts 28.
Similarly, the second vertical beam 32 is also provided with holes arranged at intervals equal to the embedded dimensions of the anchor bolt 29.
Further, holes for allowing the anchor bolts 28 and 29 to pass through the vertical beams 31 and 32 are formed in the vicinity of both ends of the horizontal beam 33.
[0031]
To assemble, first, the holes of the first and second vertical beams 31 and 32 are passed through the anchor bolts 28 and 29, respectively.
Next, the horizontal beam 33 is passed through the anchor bolts 28 and 29 at the upper surface positions of the vertical beams 31 and 32, respectively.
Here, since the first longitudinal beam 31 has a larger diameter than the second longitudinal beam 32, the lateral beams 33 arranged at the upper surface positions of the first longitudinal beam 31 from the side of the first longitudinal beam 31. It becomes a shape (tapered shape) inclined downward toward the second vertical beam 32 side.
Finally, the first and second vertical beams 31 and 32 and the horizontal beam 33 fitted into the anchor bolts 28 and 29 are fastened and fixed together by the nut 30.
[0032]
Thus, in the block 20, the beam structure 22 is attached to the hollow portion 26 of the block main body 21 using the fixing means 23 so as to form a one-taper.
However, by changing the size of the vertical beam 31, the degree of inclination of the one taper can be arbitrarily selected, and can be extremely flat.
And as shown in FIG. 5, the offshore method of the foundation mound 35 formed so that it may raise to a trapezoid shape by throwing stone (rubble) over the predetermined length and width to the offshore position away from the coastline. It is laid along the surface and the top surface.
In this way, the artificial leaf 36 is constructed.
[0033]
Here, the foundation mound 35 is constructed, for example, by laminating stones (rubble) having a size of approximately 1 ton or less in consideration of on-site conditions such as construction depth and wave speed.
In the embodiment of FIG. 5, only the covering stone is arranged on the coastal slope of the foundation mound 35 without laying the block of the present invention, because this slope receives less wave energy. is there.
However, it is free to attach the block 20 of the present invention to this portion if necessary.
Here, the covering stone is generally a little larger than the rubble and is made of a heavy stone material.
[0034]
Now, when laying the block 20 on the foundation mound 35, the block 20 is hung by an elevator or the like and conveyed to the sea surface, and is arranged so that the inclined surface of the beam structure 22 faces the offshore side.
At this time, it is preferable that the top end surface of the block 20 arranged on the top surface of the foundation mound 35 is in a position where it is always submerged at low tide as well as at high tide.
It is usually laid so that it is located about 2 meters deep from the water level at low tide.
[0035]
The fish reef combined wave-dissipating block 20 of the present invention is laid on the foundation mound 35 in the form as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, for example.
In FIG. 2, the upper and lower and left and right side surfaces of the extension portion 25 at the four corners of the block 20 are in contact with the upper and lower and left and right side surfaces of the extension portion 25 of the other block 20 located on the upper and lower and left and right sides of the block 20. It arrange | positions so that the space 40 may be formed in the punching part 25a which makes the trapezoid of a side surface.
[0036]
In this case, if necessary, the blocks can be connected to each other by a connecting member (not shown) such as a chain so that the blocks are not separated from each other by waves.
These connecting members are constituted by a U-shaped connecting bar embedded in the block main body 21 and a connecting metal fitting fitted to the U-shaped connecting bar as is well known.
[0037]
In FIG. 3, the upper and lower side surfaces of the extension portions 25 at the four corners of the block 20 come into contact with the upper and lower side surfaces of the extension portions 25 of the other blocks 20 located above and below the block to form a space 40 in the middle. ing.
On the other hand, the left and right side surfaces of the extended portion 25 at the four corners of the block 20 are fitted to the trapezoidal punched portions 25a of the other blocks 20 located on the left and right sides of the block, thereby preventing the blocks 20 from being separated from each other. ing.
[0038]
In FIG. 4, the left and right side surfaces of the extension portion 25 at the four corners of the block 20 are in contact with the left and right side surfaces of the extension portions 25 of the other blocks 20 located on the left and right sides of the block, thereby forming a space 40 in the middle. .
On the other hand, the upper and lower side surfaces of the extension 25 at the four corners of the block 20 are fitted to the trapezoidal punched portions 25a of the other blocks 20 positioned above and below the block, thus preventing the blocks 20 from being separated from each other. Yes.
Therefore, when the arrangement shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is used, the connection fitting as shown in FIG. 5 can be omitted if necessary.
The laying method shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is appropriately selected in consideration of the direction of the wave that strikes, the inclined surface angle of the foundation mound 35 shown in FIG.
[0039]
In this way, as shown in FIG. 6, when a wave 37 having a large energy toward the shore collides with the inclined surface of the beam structure 22, a part of the energy is as indicated by an arrow 38. It is consumed as kinetic energy that scatters waves toward the sea level.
Some of the waves pass through the beam structure 22 and flow into the hollow portion 26 to generate a vortex.
For this reason, part of the energy of the wave 37 is converted into a vortex and disappears in the hollow portion 26.
[0040]
Furthermore, a part of the wave energy is converted into energy that presses the block 20 against the foundation mound 35 by colliding with the inclined surface of the beam structure 22, and the force that presses the block 20 against the foundation mound 35. 39.
In particular, since the block shown at the position P in FIG. 5 receives the wave force properly, the conventional method using the block has a drawback that the block (particularly the front side) is lifted by a large lift pressure. However, such a phenomenon is reliably prevented in the block of the present invention.
The pressing force 39 acts as a force for preventing the positional deviation of the block 20, stacking deviation, and the like.
In this way, the energy of the waves 37 that strike the artificial reef 36 is converted into a force that scatters waves into the air as kinetic energy, consumed as eddy current energy in the hollow portion 26, and further the block 20 to the basic mound 35. It is consumed as pressing energy for pressing and holding the block.
[0041]
Thus, the block 20 of the present invention exhibits a complete wave-absorbing function.
In other words, the wave 37 rushing from the offshore to the artificial reef 36 is canceled by the block 20 and the beam structure 22 installed on the block 20 and is flowed and becomes a quiet wave.
For this reason, when the wave 37 rushing from the offshore reaches the coast or the harbor through the artificial reef 36, the waves are rectified and the energy that destroys the coastline disappears.
[0042]
In addition, the block 20 of the present invention includes a beam structure 22 formed of wood such as thinned wood that is an organic material.
For this reason, when the beam structure 22 is laid at an active depth of underwater photosynthesis, plankton and other micro-organisms that use this organic material as food quickly gather around it.
Therefore, smaller fish that feed on the micro-organisms gather sequentially.
These small fishes nest in the hollow portion 26 of the block body 21 sequentially.
[0043]
Then, medium-sized fish that feed on these small fishes gather sequentially into the hollow portion 26.
These medium-sized fishes also nest in the hollow portion 26 of the block body 21 sequentially.
As described above, the block of the present invention functions effectively as an extremely excellent reef block that forms the basis of breeding fishery.
[0044]
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 7 is a view showing a fish reef combined wave-dissipating block according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is a plan view and (B) is a side sectional view.
The block 42 here is different from the first embodiment in that the surface shape of the block main body 43 is a flat surface in the first embodiment. The shape of the hollow part 44 provided in the block main body 43 of 42 is rectangular, the position of the second vertical beam 46 is different, the form of the beam structure 47 is different, and the like.
[0045]
That is, in this embodiment, since the concave and convex shape is formed on the surface of the block main body 43, and the first vertical beam 45 and the second vertical beam 46 are arranged at the recessed portions thereof, the vertical beam 45 , 46 can be easily positioned and the mounting stability is good.
In addition, since the uneven shape was formed on the surface of the block main body 43, the position of the second vertical beam 46 moved slightly outward from the central portion of the block having the hollow portion 44.
[0046]
Furthermore, a beam structure 47 includes a first large-diameter vertical beam 45, a second small-diameter vertical beam 46, and two pairs of horizontal beams 48 arranged in a V shape on the upper surfaces of these vertical beams 45, 46; The beam structure 47 is fixed to the block main body 43 by the fixing means 49.
For this reason, the function which disperse | distributes a wave to a horizontal direction becomes high, and the consumption of the kinetic energy by the collision of waves increases.
[0047]
Also in this embodiment, the first and second vertical beams 45 and 46 and the pair of horizontal beams 48 can use thinned wood or the like as they are.
Furthermore, the shape of the hollow portion 44 and the shape of the grounding leg provided integrally on the lower surface of the block body 43 are not limited to the illustrated example, and the shape of the hollow portion 44 and the grounding leg is In addition to the rectangular cross section, a circular shape, an oval shape, a triangular shape, a polygonal shape, and other shapes may be used.
[0048]
[Third Embodiment]
FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a block for wave breakage combined with a fish reef according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 8A is a plan view, FIG. 8B is a side sectional view, and FIG. 8C is a bottom view. Each is shown.
The block 50 here includes a block main body 51 having a hollow portion 54, a beam structure 52, and fixing means 53 for fastening both.
[0049]
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the block main body 51 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape.
The shape of the beam structure 52, the structure of the fixing means 53, the hollow portion 54 as a nesting place (in the example shown in the figure, it is rectangular, but is not limited to this, as described above), The first embodiment and the third embodiment are substantially the same in the usage method such as laying on the structure and the foundation mound.
[0050]
However, since the block main body 51 has a rectangular shape here, there is no means for connecting the blocks to each other when laid on the foundation mound.
Therefore, if necessary, a connecting bracket for connecting adjacent blocks is used in the same manner as described above.
However, in the normal wave state, the block laid on the artificial leaf can maintain the original laying state almost completely by its own weight and contact with the adjacent block, and thus requires a connecting means. There are many cases where there is nothing.
[0051]
[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a wave-dissipating block having a fish reef function according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a plan view and (B) is a side sectional view. It is.
This embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that the shape of the hollow portion 57 provided in the block body 56 of the block 55 is circular and the form of the beam structure 58 is different. is there.
That is, the beam structure 58 here has a first large-diameter vertical beam 59, a second small-diameter vertical beam 60, and V-shapes on the upper surfaces of the first and second vertical beams 59, 60. And a plurality of auxiliary beams 62 arranged in the vertical direction on the pair of horizontal beams 61.
[0052]
In the block 55 here, the first and second longitudinal beams 59 and 60 are fixed to the block main body 56 by the fixing means 63 comprising two anchor bolts and nuts, respectively. Thus, the hole forming work provided in each of the vertical beams 59 and 60 can be omitted.
However, it is necessary to fix the auxiliary beam 62 to the pair of transverse beams 61 by a nail or the like.
[0053]
The first and second vertical beams 59 and 60 and the pair of horizontal beams 61 can use thinned wood or the like as they are.
In addition, although the piece of wood processed into the rectangular cross section is used as the auxiliary beam 62 here, it is not limited to this, A thinning material can also be used as it is similarly.
Further, the shape of the hollow portion 57 and the shape of the grounding leg portion integrally provided on the lower surface of the block main body 56 are not limited to the examples illustrated above, and the shape of the hollow portion 57 has a rectangular cross section. Other shapes may be used, and the shape of the grounding legs may be a circular cross section or other shapes.
[0054]
As in the previous embodiment, this block 55 is laid on the foundation mound surface to provide an artificial leaf.
In this embodiment, there is an advantage that the beam structure 58 can be manufactured in advance in a part different from the formation of the block main body 56.
In addition, since the auxiliary beam 62 is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the waves, seaweed and the like are often attached to the beam structure 58, the proliferation of plankton and the like is promoted, and the function as a fish reef is achieved. It can be achieved even faster.
[0055]
[Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a view showing a wave-dissipating block having a fish reef function according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a plan view and (B) is a side sectional view. It is.
This embodiment differs from the third and fourth embodiments described above in that the shape of the hollow portion 67 provided in the block main body 66 of the block 65 is triangular, and the form of the beam structure 68 Is different.
[0056]
That is, the beam structure 68 here includes a first large-diameter vertical beam 69, a second small-diameter vertical beam 70, and three horizontal beams 71 arranged in parallel on the upper surfaces of these vertical beams 69 and 70. And a plurality of auxiliary beams 72 arranged obliquely from the central horizontal beam to the horizontal beams on both sides and in the direction of the first vertical beam 69.
In this embodiment, the first and second vertical beams 69 and 70 are fixed to the block main body 66 by fixing means 73 including three anchor bolts and nuts, respectively.
[0057]
The block 65 has an intermediate shape between the block 50 of the third embodiment and the block 55 of the fourth embodiment.
Therefore, the anchor bolt embedding work is reduced as compared with the third embodiment, and the hole forming work provided in each of the vertical beams 69 and 70 can be omitted.
Incidentally, the auxiliary beam 72 is fixed to the transverse beam 71 by a nail or the like as in the fourth embodiment.
[0058]
The first and second vertical beams 69 and 70 and the horizontal beam 71 can use thinned wood or the like as they are.
Moreover, although the auxiliary beam 72 uses the piece of wood processed into the rectangular cross section similarly to 4th Embodiment, it is natural that it is not limited to this and a thinning material can also be used as it is. .
Further, the shape of the grounding leg portion integrally provided on the lower surface of the hollow portion 67 and the block main body 66 is not limited to the illustrated example, and the shape of the hollow portion 67 may be a rectangular cross section, a circular cross section or the like. The shape of the grounding leg can also be a circular cross section or other shapes.
[0059]
This block 65 is also laid on the foundation mound surface and provides an artificial leaf, as in the previous embodiment.
In this embodiment, there is an advantage that the beam structure 68 can be manufactured in advance at a part different from the formation of the block main body 66.
In addition, since the auxiliary beam 72 is arranged in a direction inclined with respect to the traveling direction of the waves, it is possible to expect adhesion of seaweed etc. to the beam structure 68 at the same time as the rectifying effect by the beam structure 68. Therefore, the growth of plankton and the like is promoted, and the function as a fish reef can be expected further.
[0060]
FIG. 11 is a view showing a wave-dissipating block having a fish reef function according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) shows a plan view and (B) shows a side sectional view. It is.
The point that the embodiment here is substantially different from the third to fifth embodiments described above is that the beam structure 76 is not a single taper, but both tapers are formed from the center toward both sides. It is.
For this reason, the first large-diameter vertical beam 78 is arranged at the center position on the block body 77, and the second small-diameter vertical beams 79 and 80 are fixed by fixing means 81 at the front and rear positions thereof.
However, by changing the size of the longitudinal beam 78, the degree of inclination of both tapers can be arbitrarily selected, and can be extremely flat.
[0061]
Further, four inclined beams 82 extend from the central portion of the first vertical beam 78 toward both end portions of the second vertical beams 79 and 80, and are fixed by means such as nails.
Further, an auxiliary beam 83 for connecting the four inclined beams 82 to each other in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is arranged at the central portion thereof, and fixed thereto by means such as a nail.
The beam structure 76 configured in this manner is provided in the hollow portion 84 of the block main body 77.
[0062]
Also in this embodiment, the beam structure 76 can use all the thinned wood as it is.
Further, the shape of the hollow portion 84 and the shape of the grounding leg portion integrally provided on the lower surface of the block main body 77 are not limited to the examples shown in the drawings, as in the above-described embodiments. is there.
[0063]
[Seventh Embodiment]
FIGS. 12A and 12B show a wave-dissipating block having a fish reef function according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12A is a plan view and FIG. 12B is a side sectional view. It is.
This embodiment is substantially different from the sixth embodiment in that four hollow portions 93 are provided in a distributed manner, and four inclined beams 88 constituting a beam structure 87. Are formed from both ends of the first large-diameter vertical beam 89 toward the central portion of the second small-diameter vertical beams 90 and 91, and further, the central portion of the first large-diameter vertical beam 89 and That is, the second small-diameter vertical beams 90 and 91 are fixedly connected to each other by two auxiliary beams 92.
The other points are the same as in the sixth embodiment.
[0064]
Also in this embodiment, all the beam structures 87 can use the thinned material or the like as they are.
Further, the shape of the hollow portion 93 and the shape of the grounding leg portion integrally provided on the lower surface of the block main body 94 are not limited to the examples shown in the drawings, as in the above-described embodiments. is there.
[0065]
These blocks 75 and 86 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 are also laid on the foundation mound surface to provide an artificial leaf, as in the previous embodiment.
In these sixth and seventh embodiments, since the beam structures 76 and 87 are both tapered, the degree of freedom for specifying the position when laying on the foundation mound is more than that of the previous embodiment. This increases the number of laying operations.
[0066]
When manufacturing the block body according to the present invention, if necessary, first, an anchor hole (through hole) for fixing the beam structure is provided in the mold, and the anchor bolt is inserted in the anchor hole. Concrete is poured into the mold, and after the concrete has solidified, it is demolded.
When fixing the beam structure to the block body, use a wire or the like as a fixing means other than screwing the nut and fixing after inserting the beam structure or a predetermined vertical beam into the anchor bolt. It is also possible to fix.
The block according to the present invention is particularly convenient for use in an artificial reef, but can also be used as a rooting work or a floor protection work installed in water on a river or coast.
[0067]
Although the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the object.
For example, the cross-section of the wooden beam constituting the beam structure can naturally be employed in other shapes such as a polygon and an ellipse in addition to a circle and a rectangle.
Also, the outer shape of the block main body can be adopted as long as it has a hollow portion that allows water or the like to communicate.
[0068]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, since a hollow part (space part) is provided in a block having a wave-dissipating function, and a beam structure is installed (built) in the hollow part, water flows toward the beam structure through the hollow part. Algae are easily generated in the structure.
And since the hollow part is prepared under the algae, the fish can nest safely in the space.
For this reason, the block of the present invention provides not only a wave-dissipating effect but also an extremely excellent reef effect.
[0069]
Furthermore, by constructing the beam structure to be built on the upper surface of the block by inclining it so that it can respond to waves (by forming a taper), the flow control effect is improved, and the energy of the vertical waves is easily attenuated. It is possible to make it.
Further, by forming both tapers in the beam structure, the degree of freedom for specifying the position when laying on the foundation mound is increased, and the laying work is facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a fish reef combined wave breaking block according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a side sectional view; Is.
[Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a laying state of a fish reef combined wave-dissipating block according to the present invention in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the laying state of the fish reef combined wave-dissipating block of the present invention in the first embodiment of the present invention.
[Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a diagram showing still another example of the laying state of the fish reef combined wave-dissipating block in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of an artificial reef constructed by laying a fish reef combined wave-dissipating wave on a foundation mound according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
6 is an enlarged view of a part of the artificial leaf shown in FIG. 5. FIG.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a reef-use wave-dissipating block according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 7A is a plan view and FIG. 7B is a side sectional view; It is.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing a reef-use wave breaking block according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 8A is a plan view, FIG. 8B is a side cross-sectional view, and FIG. Shows bottom views respectively.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams showing a reef-use wave-dissipating block according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9A is a plan view, and FIG. 9B is a side sectional view. It is.
FIG. 10 is a view showing a wave-dissipating block having a fish reef function according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a plan view and (B) is a side sectional view. Each is shown.
FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing a wave-dissipating block having a fish reef function according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 11A is a plan view and FIG. 11B is a side sectional view; Each is shown.
FIGS. 12A and 12B are diagrams showing a wave-dissipating block having a fish reef function according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 12A is a plan view and FIG. 12B is a side sectional view; Each is shown.
FIG. 13 is an overall perspective view showing a conventionally known wave-dissipating block.
14 is a diagram illustrating an example of an artificial leaf in which the wave-dissipating block in FIG. 13 is laid.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a conventionally known fish reef block.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a publicly known civil construction unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
20 ... Fish reef combined wave-dissipating block (block in the first embodiment)
21 ... Block body
22 ... Beam structure
23. Fixing means
24 ... Central part
25 ... Extension
25a ... Punched part
26 ... hollow part
27 ... Leg for grounding
28, 29 ... Anchor bolt
30 ... Nut
31 ... 1st vertical beam
32 ... Second vertical beam
33 ... Horizontal beam
35 ... Basic mound
36 ... Artificial leaf
37 ... Wave
39 ... Pressing force
40 ... space
42 ... Wave reef combined use block (block in the second embodiment)
43 ... Block body
44. Hollow part
45 ... first longitudinal beam
46 ... second longitudinal beam
47 ... Beam structure
48 ... Horizontal bar
49. Fixing means
50 ... Wave block for fish reef combined use (block in the third embodiment)
51 ... Block body
52 ... Beam structure
53. Fixing means
54. Hollow part
55. Block for wave breakage combined with fish reef (block in the fourth embodiment)
56 ... Block body
57. Hollow part
58 ... Beam structure
59 ... 1st vertical beam
60 ... second longitudinal beam
61 ... Horizontal beam
62 ... Auxiliary beam
63 ... Fixing means
65 .. Reef combined wave-dissipating block (block in the fifth embodiment)
66 ... Block body
67 ... Hollow part
68 ... Beam structure
69 ... the first longitudinal beam
70 ... second longitudinal beam
71 ... Horizontal beam
72 ... Auxiliary beam
73 ... Fixing means
75 .. Reef combined wave-dissipating block (block in the sixth embodiment)
76 ... Beam structure
77 ... Block body
78 ... first longitudinal beam
79, 80 ... second longitudinal beam
81. Fixing means
82 ... Inclined beam
83 ... Auxiliary beam
84 ... Hollow part
86 ... Block for wave breakage combined with fish reef (block in the seventh embodiment)
87: Beam structure
88 ... Inclined beam
89 ... 1st vertical beam
90, 91 ... second longitudinal beam
92 ... Auxiliary beam
93 ... Hollow part
94 ... Block body
1 ... Hollow block
2 ... Opening
3 ... Opening
4 ... Basic mound
A ... offshore
B ... Coast
6, 6a ... Revetment block for fish nest
7, 7a ... concave for upper fish nest
8,8a ... Lower fish nest recess
9 ... Mesh member
10 ... Concrete block
11 ... Log

Claims (6)

A combined fish reef comprising a concrete block body having a hollow part, a wooden beam structure provided in the hollow part, and a fixing means for fixing the beam structure to the block body. A wave-dissipating block ,
The beam structure includes a vertical beam having a first large diameter, a vertical beam having a second small diameter, and a plurality of horizontal beams spanned above the first and second vertical beams. And
A fish reef combined wave- dissipating block, wherein the beam structure is attached to a block main body so as to form a single taper . A combined fish reef comprising a concrete block body having a hollow part, a wooden beam structure provided in the hollow part, and a fixing means for fixing the beam structure to the block body. A wave-dissipating block , wherein the beam structure includes a first large-diameter vertical beam arranged at a central position, a second small-diameter vertical beam arranged at the front and rear positions thereof, and first and first A plurality of slanted beams spanning the upper side of the two vertical beams ,
The reef combined wave- dissipating block, wherein the beam structure is attached to the block body so as to form both tapers . The reef-use wave-dissipating block according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein each of the beam structures is made of thinned wood. The block body generally has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and is formed by a central part and an extension part integrally extending diagonally outward from the corners of the four corners of the central part. The reef-use wave-dissipating block according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein Said fixing means and an anchor bolt embedded into the block body, a nut screwed to the anchor bolt, characterized by comprising further, reef combined wave absorbing block according to any one of claims 1-4. The fish reef combined wave-dissipating block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fixing means is made of a wire rod.

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