JP2006262864A - Marine alga adhesion base - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make sea urchin and marine alga coexist while protecting early immatures of marine alga from eating damage of sea urchin. <P>SOLUTION: The marine alga adhesion base 1 has a base material 2 and a large number of linear bodies 3. The lower end part 4 of the bases material 2 is fixed on the sea bottom 5. The base material 2 has a vertically long and slender flexible sheetlike state. The linear bodies 3 are projected and extended outside from the base material 2. The base material 2 has 5-10cm width and 20-40cm length. The heights H1 of the linear bodies are 2-30 mm and the mutual interval L1 of the linear bodies is 3-30mm and the diameter of the linear body is 100d-2mmϕ. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a seaweed settlement base that can be advantageously implemented in order to construct a seaweed bed in a sea area where damage caused by bottom vegetation animals such as sea urchins is observed.

  The conventional artificial seaweed, which is the first prior art, is a sheet-like high olefin foam that is processed into a tape shape and promoted from the sea bottom by starting from the seabed. Some products are processed into a comb shape to promote the growth of seaweed. These artificial seaweeds are generally used in inner bays where the external force is relatively weak, and are used as a seaweed settlement base in addition to reef action. Since the base material is a foam, when it is used in a sea area where sea urchins live, the bubble part locally buckles and breaks due to the vibration flow. In addition, since the surface shape is smooth, large seaweeds are not able to retain the fixing force after they have settled and grown.

  In addition, as a conventional prior art substrate for promoting acceleration, which is the second prior art, there is a porous substrate having fine irregularities on the surface shape. Although this seaweed growth promoting substrate has a growth promoting effect, it does not function to suppress the invasion of food plants.

  A third prior art that controls the invasion of conventional vegetation animals is one that suppresses the invasion of sea urchins and the like by bundling flexible fiber nets and swinging them in the sea. The thing that controls the invasion of such vegetation animals is to control the invasion again after removing the vegetation animals from the area to some extent, and although the food pressure on seaweed in the area can be avoided, Coexistence cannot be achieved.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a seaweed settlement base in which seaweeds coexist with a vegetation animal such as a sea urchin while protecting early seaweeds from sea urchins.

The present invention is a sheet material that is flexible and vertically long and has a lower end provided at a fixed position in water,
It is a seaweed settlement base characterized by having a plurality of linear bodies extending outwardly from the base material.

  In the present invention, the base material has a width of 5 to 10 cm and a length of 20 to 40 cm.

  In the present invention, the base material is made of a material having a spring force in which the upper end portion of the base material swings 20 degrees or more from a natural state with respect to a vibration flow of water of 10 cm / s.

Moreover, this invention is 2-30 mm in height H1 which protruded from the base material of the linear body,
The distance L1 between the linear bodies is 3 to 30 mm, and the diameter is 100d to 2 mmφ.

Further, the present invention is a knitted or woven fabric of a linear body, a seaweed settlement base in which a plurality of through holes are formed in the thickness direction,
It has flexibility and the overall shape is a sheet that is elongated vertically,
A seaweed seedling base characterized in that a lower end portion is provided at a fixed position in water.

  The present invention is characterized in that the overall shape is 5 to 10 cm in width and 20 to 40 cm in length.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the base is fixed by being bent and wound in a U shape on the fixture at a fixed position.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the through holes have a cross-sectional area of 3 to 7 mm ² and are formed adjacent to each other.

  The present invention also provides a seaweed settlement method characterized in that seaweeds are allowed to grow on the seaweed growth base described above.

  The base material is a synthetic resin, such as soft vinyl chloride, which has a specific gravity of 1 or more and has strength and flexibility in order to suppress sea urchin scooping. It has the effect of facilitating the formation of the seedlings by sticking them and fixing them, and the effect of protecting the early juveniles from physical impact. By using a base material having a specific gravity of 1 or more and having strength and flexibility, the base material can be easily oscillated even with a small vibration flow in order to suppress the sea urchin from climbing onto the base material.

  The effect of promoting the growth of seaweed is enhanced by attaching a fibrous body with irregularities on the surface. By sticking a fiber body with irregularities on the surface, it has the effect of protecting the early juveniles from physical shocks caused by the vibration of the base. Sea turtles and seaweeds will coexist by providing seaweed seedlings themselves with the effect of suppressing the invasion of sea urchins and other food plants. In the third prior art that controls the invasion of vegetation animals, seaweed growth is good because it exerts its effect by removing vegetation animals such as sea urchins from the area. There is a problem that it cannot coexist.

The present invention is a seaweed settlement with a sea urchin invasion control function using a flexible sheet-like material having a width of 5 cm to 10 cm and a length of 20 cm to 40 cm and provided with fibrous irregularities in order to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed settlement. A flexible sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is preferably used to enhance the seaweed growth promoting effect that is a base and can further ensure a rocking angle of 20 degrees or more with respect to a vibration flow of 10 cm / s. The sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities in order to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed formation that is rigid to such an extent that the above functions are not impaired even when the sea urchins 1 or 2 crawl up against a vibration flow of 10 to 40 cm / s Preferably, a sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is used in order to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed formation without causing damage due to local buckling or the like with respect to a vibration flow of 50 cm / s.
The said base | substrate can be arrange | positioned at a colony and can heighten the effect which opposes the sea urchin damage.

  By affixing a fibrous body having a convex part of 2 mm or more on the surface to the base material constituting the base, the effect of protecting the seaweed initial juvenile from the physical impact due to the vibration of the base can be enhanced.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a seaweed settlement base 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The base 1 basically includes a base material 2 and a plurality of linear bodies 3 protruding outward from the base material 2. The lower end portion of the base material 2 is attached and fixed to the seabed 5 underwater by a fixture 4. On this base 1, a kombu 6 grows, and this kombu 6 is prevented from feeding sea urchins. In this way, the emergence of kombu spores is promoted, the young seedlings from sea urchin feeding are protected, and the seaweeds are formed efficiently.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the seaweed settlement bases 1 are arranged in the horizontal direction with an interval L2 and are arranged in the group with an interval L3 in the vertical direction. As described above, the base 1 is arranged in a group at a fixed position in the water, so that the seaweed can be formed more efficiently.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the seaweed settlement base 1 is provided with a higher arrangement density than the state of FIG. 2. The distance L2 between the bases 1 arranged in the group as described above may be 5 cm, for example, and the distance L3 may be 12.5 to 25 cm, for example.

  FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the seaweed settlement base 1. The base material 2 is a flexible sheet that is elongated vertically, and its lower end 8 is provided in a fixed position such as the seabed 5 in water as described above. The fixture 4 includes a first fixing member 11 having a L-shaped base section and a second fixing member 12 having a flat plate shape. The first fixing member 11 includes an attachment portion 13 that is fixed at a fixed position, and another attachment portion 14 that rises vertically from the attachment portion 13 and comes into contact with one surface of the lower end portion 8 of the base material 2. The second fixing member 12 contacts the other surface of the lower end portion 8 of the base material 2. The one or more bolts 15 are inserted through the attachment portion 14, the lower end portion 8 of the base material 2, and the second attachment member 12 in this order, and are screwed and fixed to the nut 16. The fixture 4 may be made of metal, for example, and may be made of a material such as stainless steel.

  The base material 2 is made of a synthetic resin material, for example, may be made of a material such as soft vinyl chloride or nylon, may be made of a material such as synthetic rubber such as urethane rubber, or may be made of other materials. . The base material 2 is flexible and has a sheet shape that is elongated vertically, and the width L4 may be 5 to 10 cm, for example, and the length L5 may be 20 to 40 cm, for example. The base material 2 is swung as shown by an imaginary line 18 at an angle θ1 from an upright end 17 in a natural state, for example, a vertical upright state with respect to a vibration flow of 10 cm / s water in water. Thus, it has a spring force that is angularly displaced. The angle θ1 is, for example, 20 degrees or more, less than 90 degrees, and may be, for example, 20 to 60 degrees.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the seaweed settlement base 1. Base ends of a plurality of linear bodies 3 are fixed and erected on both surfaces of the base material 2. Height H1 which protruded from the surface of the base material 2 of the linear body 3 is 2-30 mm, for example, and the mutual space | interval L1 of the linear body 3 may be 3-30 mm. The linear body 3 has a right cylindrical shape and a diameter of 100d to 2mmφ.

  The linear body 3 may be made of a synthetic resin material such as polylactic acid, nylon (trade name) Ny, polyethylene PE, or polypropylene PP. Although the thickness of the linear body 3 may be a monofilament of 100d or more, in the case of a multifilament, the thickness of one filament needs to be 100d or more. The linear body 3 is elastic and may have a spring force that may be crushed by the weight of shellfish such as sea urchins, abalone, and butera, which cause damage to seaweed, but is not crushed. It may have a spring force similar to that of a linear body, or may have flexibility, but may be rigid. The axis of the linear body 3 is linear and may be perpendicular to the surface 14 but may be inclined at an angle other than 90 ° or may be a curved shape. The thickness D1 of the linear body 3 is 100d (denier) to an outer diameter of 5 mmφ, and has, for example, a circular cross section. The height H1 of the linear body 3 projecting upward in FIG. 3 from the base 2 may be 1 to 5 mm, or 1 to 30 mm. The interval L1 between the base ends of the linear bodies 3 may be 1 to 3 mm, but may be 3 to 30 mm. When the outer diameter D1, the height H1, and the interval L1 between the linear bodies 3 are outside the above-described ranges, the damage caused by vegetation animals such as sea urchins, abalone, and batila is remarkable.

  In the sea, fertilized eggs 11 of hondawala and zoospores of the kombu attach to this base 1, and it grows and grows. The seaweed that has grown on the linear body 3 has a weak ability to settle and is unstable to waves in seawater. The fertilized egg of Honda Walla has a diameter of 100 to 500 μm and adheres by being dropped by its own weight and entangled with the linear body 3. The zoospores, which are spores of the family Kombuaceae, have a length of 10 to 50 μm, drift in the water, and adhere to the linear body 3 by entanglement. Even if the surface from which the linear body 3 of the substrate 1 protrudes is smooth, adhesion of the fertilized egg and the zoospore 12 is sufficiently achieved, but the surface may be porous or uneven. May be present.

  The base 1 further contains divalent iron, silicon, phosphorus, etc. to promote the engraftment and seedling of fertilized eggs and zoospores. Good.

  The thickness L6 of the base material 2 may be 0.5 to 6 mm, for example, but is preferably 1 to 3 mm, and particularly preferably 2 mm.

  The seaweed settlement base with an intrusion control function for sea urchins according to the present invention is rigid seaweed so that the above functions are not impaired even when 1 or 2 sea urchins crawl up against a vibration flow of 10 to 40 cm / s. In order to enhance the raw promotion effect, a sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is used. In addition, a sheet-like material provided with fibrous irregularities is used to enhance the effect of promoting seaweed growth without causing damage due to local buckling or the like with respect to a vibration flow of 50 cm / s.

  FIG. 6 is a simplified perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention. The base 1 shown in FIG. 6 may be attached to a fixed position such as the seabed 5 with an adhesive such as an underwater cement 19 at the lower end 8 thereof. In this way, the structure for attachment is simplified without using the fixture 4.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a seaweed settlement base 21 according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a side view of the seaweed settlement base 21. The base 21 is a knitted or woven fabric of a linear body, has flexibility, and has an overall sheet shape that is vertically elongated. The lower end 22 of the base 21 is provided in a fixed position such as the seabed 5 in water. The lower end portion 22 is wound around a horizontally elongated bar-shaped fixture 23 arranged in a fixed position, for example, horizontally and bent at a lower portion of the fixture 23, for example, in a U-shape over about a half circumference. Depending on the situation, it may be fixed. The fixture 23 may be made of, for example, metal or may be made of a material such as cement, and has a specific gravity greater than that of water so that it remains submerged in the seabed 5 on which the present base 21 is placed.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the seaweed settlement base 21 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The overall shape of the base 21 is 5 to 10 cm in width L4 and 20 to 40 cm in length L5, as in the base material 2 described above. The base 21 is formed with a plurality of through holes 25 adjacent to each other in the thickness direction (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 9 and the left-right direction of FIG. 8 described above). These through-holes 25 have the same cross-sectional shape and penetrate in the thickness direction of the base 21 and have a cross-sectional area of, for example, 3 to 7 mm ^{2. In} the embodiment shown in FIG. It is formed in a shape.

  FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the through hole 25 of the base 21 shown in FIG. The length L7 of one side of the through hole 25 is, for example, 3 mm, and may be a regular hexagon as described above. In the other embodiment of the present invention, the one side L7 of the through hole 25 is 3 mm. The distance L8 between the opposing sides may be 3 mm, and the upper and lower length L9 may be 6 mm. The linear body 27 extending in the thickness direction is a synthetic resin fiber, 330d (denyl), and 1f (filament), and the fibers 28 at both ends in the thickness direction may be 210d and 48f. The length of the through hole 25 in the axial direction, that is, the thickness L6 of the base 21 may be, for example, 2 to 10 mm, may be 3.5 to 7.0 mm, and is selected to be another value. Also good. The base 21 that can be called such a three-dimensional network is set to a length that is an integral multiple of 2 or more of the above-described length L5, bent up and down in a zigzag manner, and the lower end 22 is fixed by the fixture 23. You may make it do. 7 and 8, the base 21 is continuously manufactured to a length approximately twice as long as the upper and lower length L5.

  FIG. 11 is a front view of a seaweed settlement base 31 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The base 31 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 described above, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the through holes 35 are square or rectangular.

  FIG. 12 is a simplified perspective view showing the through hole 35 of the seaweed settlement base 31 shown in FIG. The width L11 of the through hole 35 may be 2 mm, for example, and the upper and lower length L12 may be 3 mm, for example. The thickness L13 of the through hole 35 may be, for example, 1 to 10 mm, may be 2 to 8 mm as described above, and may be 3.5 to 7 mm. The linear bodies 27 in the thickness direction of the through holes 35 are, for example, 330d and 1f. The fibers 28 and 29 at both ends in the thickness direction of the through hole 35 may be 210d and 48f. These seaweed settlement bases 21 and 31 may be attached to a fixed position such as the seabed 5 by the above-described fixture 4, but may be attached by an adhesive 19 made of underwater cement or the like in FIG. .

  FIG. 13 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing the state of the sea where the aforementioned seaweed settlement bases 1, 21, 31 of the present invention are attached. In the inner bay 41, the flow rate of seawater is low, sea urchins become active, and mud tends to accumulate on the seabed 5 and the bases 1, 21 and 31. In the present invention, the base material 2 and the bases 21 and 31 of the base 1 are flexible, have a spring force, and have flexibility, so that mud is prevented from adhering due to the swinging thereof. be able to. In the inner bay 41, the bases 1, 21, 31 extend up and down, and thus can contact in a region where the flow velocity is as high as possible at a position higher than the seabed 5, thereby preventing mud adhesion, Can be promoted. If the bases 1, 21 and 31 are fixed to the seabed 5 in a horizontal posture, the seabed 5 is referred to by an inner bay 41 on the inner side (right side in FIG. 13) of the ridge 42. As shown in 43, it must be placed high, the accumulation of mud should be reduced, and sea urchins should not be inhabited. The present invention solves such problems. The left side of FIG. 13 than the raised portion 42 is the open ocean where the wave 44 is larger than the inner bay 41.

  The experimental results of the inventor will be described. Examples 1 to 6 were installed from March 1st to March 13th 2003 at the Erara fishing port of Hokkaido, and the amount of settlement of seaweed kombu which is seaweed 6 was measured. Examples 1 to 4 have the configurations of FIGS. 1 to 5, and Examples 5 and 6 have the configurations of FIGS. 6 to 10. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have the configurations shown in FIGS. The base material 2 and the bases 21 and 31 have a width of 6 cm, a length of 30 cm, a thickness of 2 mm, and a diameter 3d of the linear body 3.

  According to the present invention, it is understood that the seaweed settlement bases 1 and 21 are effective.

It is sectional drawing which shows the seaweed growth base 1 of one Embodiment of this invention. The state where the seaweed settlement base 1 is arranged in the horizontal direction with an interval L2 and arranged in a group with an interval L3 in the vertical direction is shown. It is a perspective view which shows the state in which the seaweed growth base 1 was provided with the arrangement | positioning density still higher compared with the state of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the seaweed growth base 1. FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the seaweed settlement base 1. FIG. 6 is a simplified perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the seaweed settlement base 21 of the other form of implementation of this invention. It is a side view of the seaweed settlement base 21. FIG. 9 is a surface view of the seaweed settlement base 21 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the through hole 25 of the base 21 shown in FIG. 9. It is a front view of the seaweed settlement base 31 of the other form of implementation of this invention. It is the simplified perspective view which shows the through-hole 35 of the seaweed settlement base 31 shown by FIG. It is the simplified sectional view showing the state of the sea where the above-mentioned seaweed settlement bases 1, 21, and 31 of the present invention are attached.

Explanation of symbols

1,21,31 Base 2 Base material 3,27 Linear body 5 Seabed 6 Comb 8,22 Lower end 11 First fixing member 12 Second fixing member 19 Underwater cement 28, 29 Fiber

Claims (9)

A base material that is flexible and vertically elongated and has a lower end provided in a fixed position in water,
A seaweed agglomerated base comprising a plurality of linear bodies extending outwardly from the base material.   The seaweed settlement base according to claim 1, wherein the base material has a width of 5 to 10 cm and a length of 20 to 40 cm.   The base material is made of a material having a spring force in which the upper end portion of the base material swings 20 degrees or more from a natural state with respect to a vibration flow of water of 10 cm / s. Seaweed settlement base. The height H1 protruding from the base material of the linear body is 2 to 30 mm,
The mutual space | interval L1 of a linear body is 3-30 mm, and is diameter 100d-2mm (phi), The seaweed settlement base of one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. It is a knitted or woven fabric of a linear body, and is a seaweed settlement base in which a plurality of through holes are formed in the thickness direction,
It has flexibility and the overall shape is a sheet that is elongated vertically,
A seaweed settlement base characterized in that a lower end portion is provided at a fixed position in water.   6. The seaweed settlement base according to claim 5, wherein the overall shape is 5 to 10 cm wide and 20 to 40 cm long.   The seaweed settlement base according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the base is fixed by being bent and wound in a U shape around a fixing tool at a fixed position. The seaweed settlement base according to claim 5, wherein the through holes have a cross-sectional area of 3 to 7 mm ² and are formed adjacent to each other.   A seaweed seedling method comprising causing seaweeds to grow on the seaweed seedling base according to claim 1.

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