JP4457391B2 - Organic sludge treatment method and treatment apparatus - Google Patents
Organic sludge treatment method and treatment apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- JP4457391B2 JP4457391B2 JP2005207286A JP2005207286A JP4457391B2 JP 4457391 B2 JP4457391 B2 JP 4457391B2 JP 2005207286 A JP2005207286 A JP 2005207286A JP 2005207286 A JP2005207286 A JP 2005207286A JP 4457391 B2 JP4457391 B2 JP 4457391B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
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Description
本発明は、有機物を含む下水、廃水等の有機性廃水の浄化処理方法に関し、特に廃水処理設備の生物処理槽から発生する有機汚泥の処理方法及び処理装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for purifying organic wastewater such as sewage containing organic matter and wastewater, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for treating organic sludge generated from a biological treatment tank of a wastewater treatment facility.
有機性廃水の処理法として、有機性廃水を生物処理槽（例えば、活性汚泥処理槽）にて生物学的処理し、生物処理により発生した汚泥を好熱菌より可溶化し、可溶化液を曝気槽に返送し無機化することにより、余剰汚泥の発生を低減できる方法（特許文献１など）がある。 As an organic wastewater treatment method, organic wastewater is biologically treated in a biological treatment tank (for example, activated sludge treatment tank), sludge generated by biological treatment is solubilized from thermophilic bacteria, There exists a method (patent document 1 etc.) which can reduce generation | occurrence | production of excess sludge by returning to an aeration tank and mineralizing.
また、下水等の有機性固形物を含む廃水の場合は、予め最初沈殿池にて廃水中の固形物を沈降分離し初沈汚泥と上澄み液に分離し、その上澄み液を曝気槽にて生物学的処理し、初沈汚泥は別途処理する方法がとられている。 In the case of wastewater containing organic solids such as sewage, the solids in the wastewater are settled and separated in advance in the first sedimentation basin and separated into initial sedimentation sludge and supernatant liquid. The primary sludge is treated separately and the initial sludge is treated separately.
そこで、本発明者等はかかる従来法による汚泥の可溶化について種々検討を重ねたところ、先ず初沈汚泥の好熱菌による可溶化においては、初沈汚泥は生物処理により発生した汚泥とは成分・性状が異なり、好熱菌による可溶化がされにくいことを突き止めた。また、活性汚泥処理槽での生物処理により発生した汚泥の好熱菌による可溶化の場合でも、好熱菌でも分解しない難分解物が残存し、余剰汚泥が生じる場合があることを究明した。
本発明はこうした従来の好熱菌による可溶化の問題に着目し、有機汚泥の減容化を効果的に促進させことによって余剰汚泥の発生量を減少せしめ、且つ工程全体としてエネルギー効率の高い有機汚泥の処理方法を提供することを課題としてなされたものである。 The present invention pays attention to the problem of solubilization by the conventional thermophile, effectively reduces the volume of excess sludge by effectively promoting the volume reduction of organic sludge, and has a high energy efficiency as a whole process. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating sludge.
そして、上記課題の達成のために完成された本発明の要旨とする特徴は以下の通りである。 And the characteristic made into the summary of this invention completed in order to achieve the said subject is as follows.
１．有機性廃水を浄化するに当たって発生する有機汚泥を処理する方法において、
（Ａ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部を好熱菌により可溶化する汚泥可溶化工程、
（Ｂ）可溶化汚泥を生物処理槽に返送する可溶化汚泥返送工程、
（Ｃ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部と初沈汚泥を高濃度に濃縮する高濃度汚泥濃縮工程、
（Ｄ）濃縮汚泥を前記可溶化工程よりも高い温度で熱処理する汚泥熱処理工程、
（Ｅ）熱処理汚泥を嫌気性消化処理する汚泥消化工程、
を含むことを特徴とする有機汚泥の処理方法。
２．（Ａ）の汚泥可溶化工程において、汚泥を予め濃縮した後に可溶化する上記１に記載の有機汚泥の処理方法。
３．（Ｂ）の可溶化汚泥返送工程において、さらに返送汚泥の一部を初沈汚泥に合流させる上記１又は２に記載の有機汚泥の処理方法。
４．（Ａ）の汚泥可溶化工程における可溶化温度を５０〜７０℃とし、（Ｄ）の汚泥熱処理工程における熱処理温度を１２０〜２２０℃とする上記１〜３に記載の有機汚泥の処理方法。
５．有機性廃水が下水である上記１〜４のいずれかに記載の有機汚泥の処理方法。
６．有機性廃水を浄化するに当たって発生する有機汚泥を処理する装置において、
（Ａ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部を好熱菌により可溶化する汚泥可溶化装置、
（Ｂ）可溶化汚泥を生物処理槽に返送する可溶化汚泥返送経路、
（Ｃ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部と初沈汚泥を高濃度に濃縮する高濃度汚泥濃縮装置、
（Ｄ）濃縮汚泥を前記可溶化工程よりも高い温度で熱処理する汚泥熱処理装置、
（Ｅ）熱処理汚泥を嫌気性消化処理する汚泥消化装置、
を含むことを特徴とする有機汚泥の処理装置。
７．（Ａ）の汚泥可溶化装置の前段に、汚泥を予め濃縮するための濃縮装置を設けたことを特徴とする上記６に記載の有機汚泥の処理装置。
８．可溶化汚泥返送経路に返送汚泥の一部を初沈汚泥に合流させる経路を設けたことを特徴とする上記６又は７に記載の有機汚泥の処理装置。
９．（Ａ）の汚泥可溶化装置における可溶化温度を５０〜９０℃とし、（Ｄ）の汚泥熱処理装置における熱処理温度を１２０〜２２０℃とするように、温度制御装置を設置したことを特徴とする上記６〜８のいずれかに記載の有機汚泥の処理装置。
1. In a method for treating organic sludge generated in purifying organic wastewater,
(A) A sludge solubilization step for solubilizing a part of sludge generated in a biological treatment tank with thermophilic bacteria,
(B) Solubilized sludge return process for returning solubilized sludge to the biological treatment tank,
(C) A high-concentration sludge concentration step for concentrating a part of the sludge generated in the biological treatment tank and the initial settling sludge to a high concentration,
(D) A sludge heat treatment step for heat treating the concentrated sludge at a temperature higher than that of the solubilization step,
(E) Sludge digestion process for anaerobically digesting heat-treated sludge,
A method for treating organic sludge, comprising:
2. 2. The method for treating organic sludge according to 1 above, wherein in the sludge solubilization step (A), the sludge is solubilized after being concentrated in advance.
3. In the solubilized sludge returning step of (B), the method of treating organic sludge according to 1 or 2 above, wherein a part of the returned sludge is further merged with the initial settling sludge.
4). The method for treating organic sludge according to 1 to 3, wherein the solubilization temperature in the sludge solubilization step (A) is 50 to 70 ° C, and the heat treatment temperature in the sludge heat treatment step (D) is 120 to 220 ° C.
5). The processing method of the organic sludge in any one of said 1-4 whose organic waste water is sewage.
6). In the device that treats organic sludge generated in purifying organic wastewater,
(A) A sludge solubilizer for solubilizing a part of sludge generated in a biological treatment tank with thermophilic bacteria,
(B) Solubilized sludge return route for returning solubilized sludge to the biological treatment tank,
(C) A high-concentration sludge concentrator that concentrates part of the sludge generated in the biological treatment tank and the initial sedimentation sludge to a high concentration,
(D) A sludge heat treatment apparatus for heat treating the concentrated sludge at a temperature higher than that of the solubilization step,
(E) a sludge digester for anaerobically digesting heat-treated sludge;
An organic sludge treatment apparatus comprising:
7). 7. The apparatus for treating organic sludge according to 6 above, wherein a concentrating device for pre-concentrating the sludge is provided in the preceding stage of the sludge solubilizing device of (A).
8). 8. The organic sludge treatment apparatus as described in 6 or 7 above, wherein a route for joining a part of the returned sludge to the initial settling sludge is provided in the solubilized sludge return route.
9. The temperature control device is installed so that the solubilization temperature in the sludge solubilizer (A) is 50 to 90 ° C. and the heat treatment temperature in the sludge heat treatment device (D) is 120 to 220 ° C. The organic sludge treatment apparatus according to any one of 6 to 8 above.
本発明によれば、有機汚泥の減容化を効果的に促進させことによって余剰汚泥の発生量を極めて減少せしめ、且つ工程全体としてエネルギー効率の高い有機汚泥の処理方法及び処理装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to extremely reduce the amount of surplus sludge generated by effectively promoting the reduction in volume of organic sludge, and to provide an organic sludge treatment method and treatment apparatus with high energy efficiency as a whole process. Can do.
以下、本発明について図１〜３に示した実施形態を参照しながら説明する。 The present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS.
（実施形態１）
図１において、各種有機物などを含む廃水は原水Ａは、最初沈殿槽、生物処理槽（活性汚泥処理槽）及び最終沈殿槽からなる廃水処理設備に順次、導入され、これらで浄化処理されて、活性汚泥処理槽で発生した有機汚泥（以下、単に汚泥ということがある。）清浄な処理水として系外に放出される。
(Embodiment 1)
In FIG. 1, the raw water A containing various organic substances is sequentially introduced into a waste water treatment facility consisting of a first sedimentation tank, a biological treatment tank (activated sludge treatment tank) and a final sedimentation tank, and purified with these. Organic sludge generated in the activated sludge treatment tank (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as sludge) is discharged out of the system as clean treated water.
生物処理槽では活性汚泥を用いて好気条件下に生物処理がなされ、この結果、多量の汚泥が発生し、この汚泥は最終沈殿槽で固液分離してから取り出された後、その一部はそのまま再び生物処理槽に戻される。 In biological treatment tanks, biological treatment is performed using activated sludge under aerobic conditions. As a result, a large amount of sludge is generated, and this sludge is taken out after solid-liquid separation in the final sedimentation tank, and part of it is removed. Is returned to the biological treatment tank again.
そして、一部の汚泥は、好熱菌（微生物）による可溶化処理槽に供給され、この可溶化処理槽にて好気又は嫌気条件下で生物処理がなされ、汚泥は好熱菌の酵素の働きにより可溶化される（汚泥可溶化工程）。可溶化の温度は好熱菌の生物作用（汚泥可溶化酵素の分泌及び当該酵素による汚泥の可溶化効果）を考慮して５０〜９０℃が好ましく、６０〜７０℃が特に好ましい。また、可溶化処理に当たっては、可溶化を効率的に行うために可溶化処理槽に嫌気条件の場合はインペラー（攪拌翼）等の汚泥を攪拌するための装置を設け、好気条件の場合は汚泥に酸素を供給するために散気装置などの酸素供給装置を設け、槽内の汚泥を攪拌することが良い。可溶化処理時間は１〜２日で十分である。好熱菌としては、好熱性のバチルス属細菌、好熱性のジオバチルス属細菌を用いることができ、具体的には、バチルス・ステアロサーモフィラス（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｔｅａｒｏｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓ）ＳＰＴ２−１ [ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１５３９５]、バチルス・エスピー（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｐ．）ＳＰＴ３ [ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１９２２６]、ジオバチルス・エスピー（Ｇｅｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｐ．）ＳＰＴ４ [ＦＥＲＭ ＢＰ−０８４５２]、ジオバチルス・エスピー（Ｇｅｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｐ．）ＳＰＴ５ [ＦＥＲＭ ＢＰ−０８４５３]、ジオバチルス・エスピー（Ｇｅｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｐ．）ＳＰＴ６ [ＦＥＲＭ ＢＰ−０８４５４]及びジオバチルス・エスピー（Ｇｅｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｐ．）ＳＰＴ７[ＦＥＲＭ ＢＰ−０８４５５]等の好熱菌を用いるのが好ましい。 And some sludge is supplied to the solubilization processing tank by a thermophilic bacterium (microorganism), and the biological treatment is made in the solubilization processing tank under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Solubilized by working (sludge solubilization process). The solubilization temperature is preferably 50 to 90 ° C., particularly preferably 60 to 70 ° C. in consideration of the biological action of thermophilic bacteria (secretion of sludge solubilizing enzyme and solubilizing effect of sludge by the enzyme). In addition, in the solubilization process, in order to efficiently perform solubilization, a device for stirring sludge such as an impeller (stirring blade) is provided in the solubilization tank in anaerobic conditions, and in the case of aerobic conditions In order to supply oxygen to the sludge, it is preferable to provide an oxygen supply device such as an air diffuser and stir the sludge in the tank. A solubilization time of 1 to 2 days is sufficient. As the thermophile, thermophilic Bacillus genus bacteria, thermophilic Diobacillus genus bacteria can be used, and specifically, Bacillus stearothermophilus SPT2-1 [FERM P-15395]. Bacillus sp. SPT3 [FERM P-19226], Geobacillus sp. SPT4 [FERM BP-08442], Geobacillus sp. SPT5 [FERM BP-084] -Geobacillus sp. SPT6 [FERM BP-08454] and Geobacillus sp. SPT7 [FERM BP- Preferably used thermophilic bacteria 8455] like.
このような条件で可溶化処理された汚泥、すなわち可溶化処理液は、可溶化装置に供給される終沈汚泥と間接的に熱交換された後、可溶化処理液中の有機物を無機化するために生物処理槽に返送される（可溶化汚泥返送工程）。 The sludge solubilized under such conditions, that is, the solubilized processing liquid is indirectly heat-exchanged with the final settled sludge supplied to the solubilizing apparatus, and then mineralizes the organic matter in the solubilized processing liquid. Therefore, it is returned to the biological treatment tank (solubilized sludge return process).
つぎに、最終沈殿槽から取り出された汚泥の残部は濃縮装置に供給されて、その固形分濃度が１〜５％に濃縮処理（一次濃縮）される。これらの濃縮装置としては、重力濃縮装置、浮上濃縮装置、ベルト濃縮装置、膜濃縮装置などの一般的に使用されている装置で良い。一方、最初沈殿槽から取り出された初沈汚泥も濃縮装置により同様な濃度に濃縮処理される。これらの生物処理槽から発生した残部の汚泥と最初沈殿槽から取り出された初沈汚泥は一緒に合流されて、高濃度濃縮装置に送られ、さらにその固形分濃度が５〜２０％、好ましくは１０〜１５％の高濃度に濃縮処理（二次濃縮）される（高濃度汚泥濃縮工程）。この濃縮装置としては、遠心濃縮機やスクリュープレス、回転式加圧脱水機、フィルタープレスなどの比較的強力な高濃度濃縮に適した濃縮装置が用いられる。 Next, the remainder of the sludge taken out from the final sedimentation tank is supplied to a concentrator, and the solid content concentration is concentrated to 1 to 5% (primary concentration). These concentrators may be generally used devices such as a gravity concentrator, a flotation concentrator, a belt concentrator, and a membrane concentrator. On the other hand, the initial sedimentation sludge taken out from the initial sedimentation tank is also concentrated to a similar concentration by the concentration device. The remaining sludge generated from these biological treatment tanks and the initial sedimentation sludge taken out from the first sedimentation tank are merged together and sent to a high concentration concentrator, and the solid content concentration is 5 to 20%, preferably It is concentrated (secondary concentration) to a high concentration of 10 to 15% (high concentration sludge concentration step). As the concentrating device, a concentrating device suitable for relatively strong high-concentration concentration such as a centrifugal concentrator, a screw press, a rotary pressure dehydrator, or a filter press is used.
このようにして高濃度濃縮装置により濃縮された汚泥は、次に、熱処理槽に送られ、ここで前記可溶化処理槽の可溶化温度よりも高い温度条件で熱処理がなされる（汚泥熱処理工程）。この熱処理のための熱源としては次工程の消化処理のよって発生するメタンガスの燃焼熱を利用する。熱処理温度としては１２０〜２２０℃が望ましい。１２０℃未満の低温では、汚泥の更なる分解、減容化が不十分となり、また、熱処理後の汚泥の顕熱を可溶化処理槽の熱源として十分に利用できなくなる。２２０℃を超える温度では、汚泥の分解、減容化に対する効果がさほど向上しない一方で、可溶化処理槽の回収熱源として必要な温度を上回る顕熱を汚泥に与えることになり全体としてのエネルギー効率が低下する。熱処理槽での汚泥の滞留時間としては、０．２〜２時間、好ましくは、０．５〜１時間とする。また、熱処理槽の圧力は、０．２〜１．５ＭＰａが望ましい。 The sludge concentrated in this way by the high concentration concentrator is then sent to a heat treatment tank where heat treatment is performed under a temperature condition higher than the solubilization temperature of the solubilization treatment tank (sludge heat treatment step). . As a heat source for this heat treatment, combustion heat of methane gas generated by the digestion process in the next step is used. As heat processing temperature, 120-220 degreeC is desirable. If the temperature is lower than 120 ° C., further decomposition and volume reduction of the sludge becomes insufficient, and the sensible heat of the sludge after heat treatment cannot be sufficiently used as a heat source for the solubilization tank. At temperatures above 220 ° C, the effect on sludge decomposition and volume reduction does not improve so much, but the sensible heat that exceeds the temperature required for the recovery heat source of the solubilization tank is given to the sludge, and the overall energy efficiency Decreases. The sludge residence time in the heat treatment tank is 0.2 to 2 hours, preferably 0.5 to 1 hour. Moreover, as for the pressure of a heat processing tank, 0.2-1.5 MPa is desirable.
次いで、高温熱処理が施され、減容化された熱処理汚泥は、消化槽に供給され、ここで中温（約３７℃）または高温（約５３℃）で嫌気条件のもとに消化処理が施され、さらに減容化がなされた消化汚泥となると共に、メタンガスを発生させる（消化処理工程）。このメタンガスは回収された後、前述の汚泥熱処理工程のための燃料（熱源）として利用される。また、汚泥熱処理工程から回収された熱量が、前述の好熱菌による汚泥可溶化工程における可溶化温度を維持するために必要な熱量より少ない場合は、メタンの一部を燃料（熱源）として利用することも可能である。 Next, the heat-treated sludge subjected to high-temperature heat treatment and reduced in volume is supplied to a digestion tank, where it is subjected to digestion treatment under anaerobic conditions at medium temperature (about 37 ° C.) or high temperature (about 53 ° C.). Further, the digested sludge is further reduced in volume, and methane gas is generated (digestion treatment step). After the methane gas is recovered, it is used as a fuel (heat source) for the aforementioned sludge heat treatment process. In addition, if the amount of heat recovered from the sludge heat treatment process is less than the amount of heat necessary to maintain the solubilization temperature in the sludge solubilization process by thermophilic bacteria, a part of methane is used as fuel (heat source) It is also possible to do.
こうして、消化槽より排出された消化汚泥は脱水装置に送られ、ここで脱水処理がなされ、含水率が６０〜８５％の脱水ケーキと脱水分離液に固液分離される（脱水処理工程）。この脱水分離液は、前記汚泥濃縮工程で生成した濃縮分離水と共に最初沈殿槽に返送される。汚泥脱水装置としては、ベルトプレス、スクリュープレス、フィルタープレス、遠心脱水機、回転式加圧脱水機などの一般的な脱水装置を用いれば良い。 Thus, the digested sludge discharged from the digester is sent to a dehydrator, where it is dehydrated and separated into a dehydrated cake and a dehydrated separation liquid having a water content of 60 to 85% (dehydration treatment step). This dehydrated separation liquid is first returned to the settling tank together with the concentrated separated water generated in the sludge concentration step. As the sludge dewatering device, a general dewatering device such as a belt press, a screw press, a filter press, a centrifugal dehydrator, or a rotary pressure dehydrator may be used.
以上述べた本発明の実施形態１によれば、好熱菌による汚泥可溶化工程と高温の汚泥熱処理工程を組み合わせて採用することにより、余剰汚泥の減容化を効果的に行なうことが可能であると共に、嫌気性消化工程により発生するメタンガスを上記高温の汚泥熱処理工程での熱源として利用でき、さらにこの結果、同汚泥熱処理工程で排出される汚泥の顕熱を上記汚泥可溶化工程における熱源として利用することができるなど各工程で必要な熱エネルギーを循環的に有効利用でき、全体としてエネルギー効率を高く維持できる。
（実施形態２）
前記実施形態１と共通する構成については説明を省略し、特に異なった構成を中心にして以下に図２に基づいて説明を行う。
According to Embodiment 1 of the present invention described above, it is possible to effectively reduce the volume of excess sludge by adopting a combination of a sludge solubilization step by thermophilic bacteria and a high-temperature sludge heat treatment step. In addition, methane gas generated by the anaerobic digestion process can be used as a heat source in the high-temperature sludge heat treatment process, and as a result, the sensible heat of the sludge discharged in the sludge heat treatment process is used as the heat source in the sludge solubilization process. The thermal energy required in each process can be effectively used cyclically, such as being able to be used, and the overall energy efficiency can be maintained.
(Embodiment 2)
A description of the configuration common to the first embodiment will be omitted, and a description will be given below based on FIG.
すなわち、本実施形態においては、最終沈殿槽から取り出された汚泥のうち、生物処理槽に直接返送する一部の汚泥を除いた汚泥の残部の処理において、その残部の汚泥は先ず濃縮装置に供給されて、ここで固形分濃度が１〜５％に濃縮処理が予めなされる。そして濃縮処理がなされた汚泥の一部は可溶化処理槽である可溶化処理槽に供給され、前記実施形態１と同様に好熱菌による汚泥可溶化処理がなされ、可溶化処理がなされた可溶化汚泥は同様にして生物処理槽に返送される。 That is, in the present embodiment, among the sludge taken out from the final sedimentation tank, the remaining sludge is first supplied to the concentrator in the treatment of the remaining sludge excluding a part of the sludge that is returned directly to the biological treatment tank. Here, the concentration treatment is performed in advance to a solid content concentration of 1 to 5%. A part of the sludge that has been subjected to the concentration treatment is supplied to a solubilization treatment tank, which is a solubilization treatment tank. The solubilized sludge is returned to the biological treatment tank in the same way.
また、固形分濃度が１〜５重量％に濃縮処理がなされた汚泥の一部（残部）は、最初沈殿槽から取り出され、やはり同濃度範囲に濃縮処理された初沈汚泥と合流されて高濃度濃縮装置に送られ、ここでさらに固形分濃度が５〜２０重量％の高濃度に濃縮処理されてから、次の熱処理槽の供給される。 In addition, a part (remainder) of the sludge that has been concentrated to a solid content concentration of 1 to 5% by weight is taken out from the first sedimentation tank and merged with the first settled sludge that has also been concentrated to the same concentration range. It is sent to a concentration apparatus, where it is further concentrated to a high concentration of 5 to 20% by weight, and then supplied to the next heat treatment tank.
このように、本実施形態では、前記実施形態１の作用効果に加えて、最終沈殿槽から取り出された汚泥、すなわち生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部を予め濃縮した後に、好熱菌で可溶化する方法を採用することにより、汚泥の可溶化が促進され、余剰汚泥の減容化をさらに効果的に実施できると共に、可溶化槽での処理負担が小さくなるためその槽容積を低減できる。 As described above, in this embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the sludge extracted from the final sedimentation tank, that is, a part of the sludge generated in the biological treatment tank is concentrated in advance, By adopting the solubilizing method, solubilization of sludge can be promoted, the volume of excess sludge can be reduced more effectively, and the processing load in the solubilization tank can be reduced, so that the tank volume can be reduced. .
（実施形態３）
前記実施形態１及び２と共通する構成については説明を省略し、特に異なった構成を中心にして以下に図３に基づいて説明を行う。
(Embodiment 3)
A description of the configuration common to the first and second embodiments will be omitted, and a description will be given below based on FIG.
実施形態２と同様に、最終沈殿槽から取り出された汚泥のうち、生物処理槽に直接返送する一部の汚泥を除いた汚泥の残部の処理において、その残部の汚泥は先ず濃縮装置に供給されて、濃縮処理が予めなされる。 In the same manner as in the second embodiment, among the sludge taken out from the final sedimentation tank, in the treatment of the remaining sludge excluding a part of the sludge that is directly returned to the biological treatment tank, the remaining sludge is first supplied to the concentrator. Thus, the concentration process is performed in advance.
次に、本実施形態にあっては、この濃縮処理がなされた汚泥の全部が可溶化処理槽である可溶化処理槽に供給され、好熱菌による汚泥可溶化処理がなされる。 Next, in the present embodiment, all of the sludge that has been subjected to the concentration treatment is supplied to a solubilization treatment tank that is a solubilization treatment tank, and sludge solubilization treatment using thermophilic bacteria is performed.
可溶化処理がなされた可溶化汚泥は、前形態と同様に生物処理槽に返送されるが、本実施形態では、その全てが生物処理槽に返送されるのでは一部が返送される。そしてその可溶化汚泥の残りの一部（残部）は、最初沈殿槽から取り出された濃縮処理後の初沈汚泥と合流され、さらに高濃度濃縮装置に送られて高濃度に濃縮処理されてから、次の熱処理槽の供給されるのである。 The solubilized sludge that has been solubilized is returned to the biological treatment tank in the same manner as in the previous embodiment, but in the present embodiment, if all of it is returned to the biological treatment tank, a part is returned. And the remaining part of the solubilized sludge (remainder) is merged with the first settled sludge after the concentration treatment taken out from the first sedimentation tank, and further sent to a high concentration concentrator and concentrated to a high concentration. The next heat treatment tank is supplied.
このように、本実施形態では、前記実施形態１及び２の作用効果に加えて、高濃度濃縮される汚泥の一部が可溶化処理されているので、高濃度に濃縮しやすく、その結果、その後工程における熱処理槽、消化槽での処理負担が小さくなるためそれらの槽容積を低減できる。 Thus, in this embodiment, in addition to the effects of Embodiments 1 and 2, a part of the sludge to be concentrated at high concentration is solubilized, so that it is easy to concentrate at a high concentration. Since the processing burden in the heat treatment tank and the digestion tank in the subsequent process is reduced, the tank volume can be reduced.
以上の実施形態１〜３においては、好熱菌による汚泥可溶化処理は、活性汚泥処理槽で発生した汚泥を最終沈殿槽に導びき、この最終沈殿槽で固液分離してから取り出された汚泥の一部をその処理対象としたが、この最終沈殿槽の代わりに、活性汚泥処理槽に中空糸膜モジュールや平膜モジュールなどの膜分離装置を付設し、この膜分離装置によって固液分離することによって処理水と汚泥を分離し、活性汚泥処理槽の底部に発生、残存する汚泥を槽外に取り出したものを可溶化処理の対象として、最終沈殿槽からの汚泥を対照としてその処理を示した前記各実施形態と同様な要領で行うことも可能である。 In the above Embodiments 1 to 3, the sludge solubilization treatment by thermophilic bacteria was taken out after the sludge generated in the activated sludge treatment tank was guided to the final sedimentation tank, and solid-liquid separated in this final sedimentation tank. Part of the sludge was treated, but instead of this final sedimentation tank, a membrane separation device such as a hollow fiber membrane module or a flat membrane module was attached to the activated sludge treatment tank. By separating the treated water and sludge, the sludge generated at the bottom of the activated sludge treatment tank and the residual sludge taken out of the tank is the target of solubilization treatment, and the sludge from the final sedimentation tank is used as a control. It is also possible to carry out in the same manner as the above-described embodiments.
また、以上の実施形態１〜３においては、生物処理槽では、活性汚泥を用いた好気処理であったがこれに限定されず、生物を保持した担体を流動させて生物処理する流動床式処理槽等、種々の処理方式が採用できる。また、嫌気槽及び好気槽をそれぞれ一つあるいは複数の槽を組み合わせた嫌気好気法等も採用可能である。 Moreover, in the above Embodiments 1-3, in the biological treatment tank, it was an aerobic treatment using activated sludge, but is not limited thereto, and a fluidized bed type in which a carrier holding organisms is fluidized for biological treatment. Various processing methods such as a processing tank can be adopted. Moreover, the anaerobic aerobic method etc. which combined the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank one each or several tanks are employable.
さらに、実施形態１〜３において、脱水装置によって分離された脱水分離液を、別途設けた生物処理装置や、オゾン等の酸化剤をもちいた物理化学処理装置等によって処理してさらに浄化した分離水として最初沈殿槽に返送する工程を付け加えても良い。 Furthermore, in Embodiments 1 to 3, the dewatered separation liquid separated by the dehydration apparatus is further purified by treating with a biological treatment apparatus separately provided, a physicochemical treatment apparatus using an oxidizing agent such as ozone, or the like. A step of returning to the settling tank at first may be added.
Claims (9)
（Ａ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部を好熱菌により可溶化する汚泥可溶化工程、
（Ｂ）可溶化汚泥を生物処理槽に返送する可溶化汚泥返送工程、
（Ｃ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部と初沈汚泥を高濃度に濃縮する高濃度汚泥濃縮工程、
（Ｄ）濃縮汚泥を前記可溶化工程よりも高い温度で熱処理する汚泥熱処理工程、
（Ｅ）熱処理汚泥を嫌気性消化処理する汚泥消化工程、
を含むことを特徴とする有機汚泥の処理方法。 In a method for treating organic sludge generated in purifying organic wastewater,
(A) A sludge solubilization step for solubilizing a part of sludge generated in a biological treatment tank with thermophilic bacteria,
(B) Solubilized sludge return process for returning solubilized sludge to the biological treatment tank,
(C) A high-concentration sludge concentration step for concentrating a part of the sludge generated in the biological treatment tank and the initial settling sludge to a high concentration,
(D) A sludge heat treatment step for heat treating the concentrated sludge at a temperature higher than that of the solubilization step,
(E) Sludge digestion process for anaerobically digesting heat-treated sludge,
A method for treating organic sludge, comprising:
（Ａ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部を好熱菌により可溶化する汚泥可溶化装置、
（Ｂ）可溶化汚泥を生物処理槽に返送する可溶化汚泥返送経路、
（Ｃ）生物処理槽で発生した汚泥の一部と初沈汚泥を高濃度に濃縮する高濃度汚泥濃縮装置、
（Ｄ）濃縮汚泥を前記可溶化工程よりも高い温度で熱処理する汚泥熱処理装置、
（Ｅ）熱処理汚泥を嫌気性消化処理する汚泥消化装置、
を含むことを特徴とする有機汚泥の処理装置。 In the device that treats organic sludge generated in purifying organic wastewater,
(A) A sludge solubilizer for solubilizing a part of sludge generated in a biological treatment tank with thermophilic bacteria,
(B) Solubilized sludge return route for returning solubilized sludge to the biological treatment tank,
(C) A high-concentration sludge concentrator that concentrates part of the sludge generated in the biological treatment tank and the initial sedimentation sludge to a high concentration,
(D) A sludge heat treatment apparatus for heat treating the concentrated sludge at a temperature higher than that of the solubilization step,
(E) a sludge digester for anaerobically digesting heat-treated sludge;
An organic sludge treatment apparatus comprising:
The temperature control device is installed so that the solubilization temperature in the sludge solubilizer (A) is 50 to 90 ° C. and the heat treatment temperature in the sludge heat treatment device (D) is 120 to 220 ° C. The processing apparatus of the organic sludge in any one of Claims 6-8.
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