JP4451713B2 - Reduction gear - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a speed reducer suitably used for a turning device, a traveling device and the like mounted on a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator and a hydraulic crane.

  In general, a swing-type construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane is roughly constituted by a lower traveling body that can be self-propelled and an upper revolving body that is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling body. A traveling device that travels the lower traveling body, a turning device that swirls the upper swing body, and the like are provided with a planetary gear type speed reduction device for increasing the output of the rotation source (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

JP-A-9-257107

  The speed reduction device according to the prior art includes a cylindrical housing provided with inner teeth on the inner peripheral side, and a planetary gear reduction mechanism provided in the housing for reducing the rotation of the rotation source, and the planetary gear reduction The mechanism includes a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears that mesh with the sun gear and the inner teeth of the housing and revolve around the sun gear, and a plurality of pins that rotatably support the planetary gears. And a plate which is attached to the pin of the carrier and prevents each planetary gear from being pulled out in the axial direction.

  By the way, when assembling the above-described reduction gear, usually, a carrier, a planetary gear, a sun gear, a plate, etc. are sequentially assembled to assemble a planetary gear reduction mechanism, and then the planetary gear reduction mechanism is assembled into a housing. Is adopted.

  When assembling the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism in the housing, the operator holds the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism on the housing, and rotates each planetary gear attached to each pin of the carrier to sequentially attach to the inner teeth of the housing. The entire planetary gear reduction mechanism is inserted into the housing in a state where all the planetary gears are engaged with the inner teeth of the housing.

  In this case, the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism attempts to drop into the housing by its own weight at the moment when each planetary gear meshes with the inner teeth of the housing, so that the operator can hold the planetary gear by holding a plate, a carrier, or the like, for example. It is necessary to hold the speed reduction mechanism securely.

  However, the plate, carrier, and the like that constitute the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism are usually formed in a circular shape that is slightly smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the housing, and are difficult for the operator to grip.

  For this reason, when each planetary gear meshes with the internal teeth of the housing, the planetary gear reduction mechanism cannot fully support its own weight, and the planetary gear reduction mechanism falls and collides with the planetary gear reduction mechanism. Has the problem of being damaged carelessly.

  Also, when the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism falls in the housing while the operator holds the plate, carrier, etc., the operator's finger is sandwiched between the plate and the housing or between the carrier and the housing. There is a problem that it ends up.

  On the other hand, even when the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism assembled in the housing is taken out of the housing, for example, to repair the speed reduction device, the plate, carrier, etc. cannot be securely gripped in the housing. There is a problem that the removal work cannot be easily performed.

  On the other hand, for example, a method of holding the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism in the housing by hooking a fishhook-shaped jig or the like to a part of the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism is also used. There is a problem that it is difficult to stably hold the gear reduction mechanism, and the workability of assembling and removing the planetary gear reduction mechanism is very poor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and is a reduction device that can easily perform an operation of assembling a planetary gear reduction mechanism in a housing and an operation of removing the planetary gear reduction mechanism from the housing. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention includes a cylindrical housing provided with inner teeth on the inner peripheral side, and a planetary gear reduction mechanism provided in the housing for reducing the rotation of a rotation source, The gear reduction mechanism includes a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears that mesh with the sun gear and internal teeth and revolve around the sun gear, and a plurality of pins that rotatably support the planetary gears. The present invention is applied to a reduction gear configured by a carrier formed on each pin and a plate attached to each pin to prevent each planetary gear from being pulled out in the axial direction.

A feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the plate is provided with a gripping portion for gripping the planetary gear reduction mechanism in the housing, and the gripping portion cuts out a peripheral portion of the plate. This is because it is constituted by a notch formed in a recessed shape .

The feature of the configuration invention of claim 2 is employed, the plate, the grip portion for gripping the planetary gear reduction mechanism within the housing is provided, said gripper, the said plate in a position different from the respective pin This is because it is constituted by a through-hole formed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the planetary gear reduction mechanism can be securely held in the housing by using the holding portion provided on the plate of the planetary gear reduction mechanism. Assembling and removing the planetary gear reduction mechanism from the housing can be easily performed without using a jig or the like.

In particular, since the gripping portion is constituted by a notched portion formed in a recessed shape by notching the peripheral edge portion of the plate , the operator can set the planetary gear reduction mechanism by hooking a finger on the notched portion. It can be securely gripped in the housing. In this case, the operator's finger is housed in a space formed between the notch and the inner tooth of the housing, so that the operator's finger is sandwiched between the plate and the inner tooth. It can be surely prevented. Therefore, the operation of assembling the planetary gear reduction mechanism in the housing can be easily and safely performed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the grip portion is constituted by the through hole formed in the plate at a position different from each pin, the operator can insert the finger into the through hole to The speed reduction mechanism can be securely gripped in the housing, and the operation of assembling the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism in the housing can be performed easily and safely.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the planetary gear reduction mechanism according to the present invention, include the case of applying to the turning device for a hydraulic excavator as an example will be described in detail with reference to FIGS 1 2. First, FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a turning wheel provided between a lower traveling body and an upper turning body (both not shown) of the hydraulic excavator. The turning wheel 1 is fixed to a circular body 2 on the lower traveling body side. An inner ring 1A, an outer ring 1B fixed to the turning frame 3 on the upper-part turning body, and a plurality of steel balls 1C (only one shown) disposed between the inner ring 1A and the outer ring 1B. Internal teeth 1D are formed on the inner peripheral side over the entire periphery. Then, the outer ring 1B fixed to the turning frame 3 rotates around the inner ring 1A, so that the upper turning body turns on the lower traveling body.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a turning device provided between the lower traveling body and the upper turning body. The turning device 4 transmits the rotational force to the turning wheel 1 to convert the upper turning body (the turning frame 3) into the lower traveling body ( It is made to turn on the cylinder 2). Here, the turning device 4 includes a hydraulic motor 5 as a rotation source, and a later-described reduction device 11 that reduces the rotation of the motor shaft 5A of the hydraulic motor 5 and transmits a large rotational force (torque) to the turning wheel 1. It is roughly constituted by.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a speed reducer that decelerates the rotation of the hydraulic motor 5 (motor shaft 5A). The speed reducer 11 includes a housing 12, planetary gear speed reduction mechanisms 16, 22 and an output shaft 27, which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 12 denotes a cylindrical housing that forms the outer shell of the speed reducer 11. The housing 12 includes a stepped cylindrical lower housing 12 A fixed to the upper surface side of the revolving frame 3 using bolts 13, and the lower side A stepped cylindrical upper housing 12B fixed on the housing 12A with a bolt 14 is generally used.

  A bracket portion 12C protruding outward in the radial direction is provided on the upper end side of the upper housing 12B, and a casing 5B of the hydraulic motor 5 is attached to the bracket portion 12C using a bolt 15. Further, an inner tooth (ring gear) 12D is formed on the inner peripheral side of the upper housing 12B over the entire periphery, and this planetary gear 18 and each planetary gear 24 described later mesh with each other.

  Reference numeral 16 denotes a first-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism that is located in the housing 12 and is located below the hydraulic motor 5. The planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 includes a sun gear 17, each planetary gear 18, and a carrier 19, which will be described later. , Plate 20 and the like.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a sun gear splined to the motor shaft 5A of the hydraulic motor 5, and the sun gear 17 is rotatably disposed on a sun gear 23 described later. The sun gear 17 rotates integrally with the motor shaft 5A of the hydraulic motor 5 and transmits this rotation to each planetary gear 18 described later.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes three planetary gears rotatably supported by a carrier 19 which will be described later. These planetary gears 18 mesh with the internal teeth 12D of the housing 12 and the sun gear 17. Each planetary gear 18 revolves while rotating around the sun gear 17 as the sun gear 17 rotates.

  Reference numeral 19 denotes a carrier that rotatably supports each planetary gear 18, and the carrier 19 includes a disk-shaped support plate 19A having a slightly smaller diameter than the tip diameter of the inner teeth 12D, and an upper surface side of the support plate 19A. These pins 19B are cantilevered only on one side (lower end side) in the axial direction by the support plate 19A. A hole spline portion 19C is formed at the center of the support plate 19A, and this hole spline portion 19C is splined to a sun gear 23 described later. Then, the carrier 19 rotatably supports the planetary gears 18 by the pins 19B, and each planetary gear 18 rotates by revolving around the sun gear 17, and this rotation is transmitted to the sun gear 23. .

  Reference numeral 20 denotes a plate attached to the upper end of each pin 19B constituting the carrier 19 using a bolt 21. The plate 20 prevents the planetary gear 18 attached to each pin 19B from being removed in the axial direction. .

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plate 20 is formed as a disk having a slightly smaller diameter than the support plate 19A of the carrier 19, and a shaft insertion through which the motor shaft 5A is inserted at the center thereof. A hole 20A is formed. Further, three bolt insertion holes 20 </ b> B through which the above-described bolts 21 are inserted are formed at positions corresponding to the pins 19 </ b> B of the carrier 19 in the plate 20.

  Reference numeral 20C denotes two notches as gripping portions provided on the outer peripheral edge of the plate 20. These notches 20C are provided by the operator in the housing 12 during assembly of the speed reducer 11 described later. This is for gripping the gear reduction device 16. Here, each notch 20C is formed to be recessed in a direction away from the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12 by notching the outer peripheral edge of the plate 20 in a semicircular shape toward the radially inner side, and in the circumferential direction. They are arranged with an interval of 180 degrees. Each notch 20C is recessed radially inward by a dimension a from the outer peripheral edge of the plate 20, and a gap A that accommodates an operator's finger between the notch 20C and the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12 is provided. (See FIG. 6).

  Reference numeral 22 denotes a second-stage (final stage) planetary gear reduction mechanism that is provided in the housing 12 below the first-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism 16. The planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 is a sun gear described later. The gear 23, each planetary gear 24, the carrier 25, etc. are comprised.

  A sun gear 23 is spline-coupled to the hole spline portion 19C of the carrier 19, and the sun gear 23 is rotatably arranged on an output shaft 27 described later. The sun gear 23 rotates integrally with the carrier 19 and transmits this rotation to each planetary gear 24 described later.

  Reference numeral 24 denotes four planetary gears rotatably supported by a carrier 25 to be described later. These planetary gears 24 mesh with the internal teeth 12D of the housing 12 and the sun gear 23. Each planetary gear 24 revolves while rotating around the sun gear 23 as the sun gear 23 rotates.

  25 is a carrier that rotatably supports each planetary gear 24, and the carrier 25 has a disk shape slightly smaller than the diameter of the tip of the inner tooth 12D, as shown in FIGS. The upper and lower support plates 25A and 25B sandwiching each planetary gear 24 from the axial direction are connected to the upper and lower support plates 25A and 25B, and four connection portions 25C are spaced apart at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. And are integrally formed by casting or the like.

  Here, a gear insertion hole 25D through which the sun gear 23 is inserted is formed at the center of the upper support plate 25A, and the periphery of the gear insertion hole 25D is located between the connecting portions 25C. A plurality of upper pin fitting holes 25E are formed. On the other hand, a hole spline portion 25F that meshes with a shaft spline portion 27A of the output shaft 27, which will be described later, is formed at the center of the lower support plate 25B. The four lower pin fitting holes 25G are formed at the position. Further, both end sides in the axial direction of the four pins 26 are fitted into the upper pin fitting holes 25E and the lower pin fitting holes 25G of the carrier 25, respectively. Both ends are supported by the support plates 25A and 25B.

  The carrier 25 rotatably supports the planetary gear 24 by each pin 26, and each planetary gear 24 rotates by revolving around the sun gear 23, and this rotation is transmitted to the output shaft 27. . In this case, since a large rotational force (torque) is transmitted from the carrier 25 to the output shaft 27, a large load acts on the pin 26 that supports the planetary gear 24, but the carrier 25 has upper and lower support plates. Since each pin 26 is supported at both ends by 25A and 25B, a load acting on the pin 26 can be received with certainty.

  Reference numeral 25H denotes two notch portions serving as gripping portions provided on the outer peripheral surface of the carrier 25. These notch portions 25H are used by the operator in the planetary gear in the housing 12 when assembling the reduction gear 11 described later. This is for gripping the speed reduction mechanism 22. Here, each notch 25H is formed in a semicircular groove shape that is recessed in a direction away from the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12 by notching the outer peripheral edge of the support plate 25A downward, and in the circumferential direction. Are arranged at intervals of 180 degrees. Each notch 25H is recessed radially inward by a dimension b from the outer peripheral edge of the carrier 25, and a gap for accommodating the operator's finger between the notch 25H and the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12 B can be secured (see FIG. 4).

  Reference numeral 27 denotes an output shaft provided in the housing 12 so as to extend in the axial direction. The output shaft 27 is rotatably attached to the lower housing 12A via an upper bearing 28 and a lower bearing 29, and each planetary gear. The rotation of the hydraulic motor 5 decelerated by two stages by the speed reduction mechanisms 16 and 22 is output.

  Here, on one side (upper side) of the output shaft 27 in the axial direction, a shaft spline portion 27A protruding upward from the upper bearing 28 is integrally provided, and this shaft spline portion 27A is a carrier of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 22. 25 is splined to a hole spline portion 25F provided in 25. An annular pressure ring 30 is provided between the shaft spline portion 27A of the output shaft 27 and the inner ring of the upper bearing 28. The pressure ring 30 allows the upper bearing 28 and the lower bearing 29 to move in the axial direction. The output shaft 27 is prevented from being pulled out in the axial direction with respect to the upper bearing 28.

  Reference numeral 31 denotes a pinion integrally provided on the lower end side of the output shaft 27. The pinion 31 protrudes downward from the housing 12 and meshes with the internal teeth 1 </ b> D of the swivel wheel 1. The pinion 31 transmits the rotation of the output shaft 27 to the turning wheel 1 (inner wheel 1A).

  The reduction gear 11 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. When the motor shaft 5A of the hydraulic motor 5 rotates, the rotation of the motor shaft 5A is reduced by two stages by the planetary gear reduction mechanisms 16 and 22 and output. The pinion 31 is transmitted to the shaft 27 and rotates with a large rotational force (torque).

  Then, the pinion 31 revolves along the inner ring 1A while meshing with the inner teeth 1D provided on the inner ring 1A of the turning wheel 1, and the revolution force of the pinion 31 is transmitted to the turning frame 3 via the housing 12, thereby turning. The frame 3 turns on the round cylinder 2.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the notch portion 20C is provided in the plate 20 of the first stage planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 16, and the notch portion 25H is provided in the carrier 25 of the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 22, thereby reducing the speed reduction device 11. The workability at the time of assembling can be improved. Hereinafter, the assembling work of the reduction gear 11 will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4, the output shaft 27 is rotatably attached to the lower housing 12A of the housing 12 using the upper bearing 28, the lower bearing 29, etc., and the shaft spline portion 27A of the output shaft 27 and the upper bearing 28 are attached. After the pressurizing ring 30 is attached between the housing 12 and the housing 12, the housing 12 is placed on a work table (not shown).

  Next, by attaching the four pins 26 and the four planetary gears 24 to the carrier 25, the second-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 excluding the sun gear 23 is assembled, and the planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 is assembled to the housing 12. Assemble inside.

  In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, each planetary gear 24 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 is engaged with the internal teeth 12 </ b> D of the housing 12. The carrier 25 is gripped so as to be sandwiched from the radial direction by hooking a finger on each cutout portion 25H provided on the carrier 25 of 22.

  Thus, with the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 22 lifted above the housing 12, the planetary gears 24 are rotated about the pins 26 to engage the planetary gears 24 with the internal teeth 12 </ b> D of the housing 12. be able to.

  And after meshing each planetary gear 24 with the internal teeth 12D of the housing 12, in order to mesh the hole spline portion 25F provided in the carrier 25 with the shaft spline portion 27A of the output shaft 27 attached to the housing 12, The entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 is lowered into the housing 12.

  In this case, the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 22 tries to drop into the housing 12 by its own weight at the moment when each planetary gear 24 meshes with the internal teeth 12D of the housing 12, but the operator can make the cutout portions 25H of the carrier 25. , The entire planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 22 can be securely held. As a result, the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 22 can be prevented from suddenly dropping and colliding with the shaft spline portion 27A and the like of the output shaft 27, and the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 22, the output shaft 27 and the like can be protected from impact.

  In addition, each notch 25H of the carrier 25 is formed in a semicircular groove shape that is recessed in a direction away from the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12, so that the notch 25H and the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12 A gap B for accommodating the operator's finger is secured between them. Thereby, it is possible to reliably prevent the operator's finger from being pinched between the outer peripheral edge portion of the carrier 25 and the inner teeth 12D, and the operation of lowering the planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 into the housing 12 is safe. Can be done.

  After the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 22 is lowered into the housing 12, the entire planetary gear speed reduction device 22 is rotated within the housing 12, and the hole spline portion 25 </ b> F of the carrier 25 is connected to the output shaft 27 attached to the housing 12. To the shaft spline part 27A.

  In this case, the operator can rotate the inside of the housing 12 while holding the entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 by gripping each notch 25H of the carrier 25, so that the hole spline portion of the carrier 25 25F can be easily meshed with the shaft spline portion 27A of the output shaft 27.

  Then, after the hole spline portion 25F of the carrier 25 is engaged with the shaft spline portion 27A of the output shaft 27 and the lower surface of the carrier 25 is brought into contact with the pressurizing ring 30, the sun gear 23 is inserted into the housing 12, Engage with each planetary gear 24 attached to the carrier 25 (see FIG. 6).

  After the second-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 is assembled in the housing 12 in this way, the first-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 assembled in advance is assembled in the housing 12 as shown in FIG. wear. Here, the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 has three planetary gears 18 attached to each pin 19B of the carrier 19, and the sun gear 17 is engaged with each planetary gear 18, and then a bolt 21 is attached to the upper end of each pin 19B. Is assembled by attaching the plate 20 using

  When assembling the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 to the housing 12, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, each planetary gear 18 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 is engaged with the internal teeth 12D of the housing 12, respectively. As shown in FIG. 6, the plate 20 is gripped so as to be sandwiched from the radial direction by hooking a finger on each notch 20 </ b> C provided on the plate 20 of the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 16.

  Thereby, in a state where the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 16 is lifted above the housing 12, the planetary gears 18 are rotated around the pins 19 </ b> B, thereby meshing the planetary gears 18 with the internal teeth 12 </ b> D of the housing 12. be able to.

  In this case, the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 16 tries to drop into the housing 12 by its own weight at the moment when each planetary gear 18 meshes with the internal teeth 12D of the housing 12, but the operator does not cut each of the notch portions 20C of the plate 20 with each other. Since the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 is held in its entirety by holding the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16, the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 does not suddenly fall and collide with the sun gear 23 or the like. Etc. can be protected from impact.

  Then, after each planetary gear 18 is engaged with the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12, the hole spline portion 19C provided in the carrier 19 is engaged with the sun gear 23. In a state where 20 is gripped, the entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 is lowered into the housing 12 and rotated in the housing 12.

  In this case, each notch portion 20C of the plate 20 is formed in a semicircular shape that is recessed in a direction away from the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12, so that there is no gap between the notch portion 20C and the inner teeth 12D of the housing 12. A gap A for accommodating the operator's finger is secured. Thereby, it is possible to reliably prevent the operator's finger from being sandwiched between the outer peripheral edge of the plate 20 and the internal teeth 12D, and to lower the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 16 into the housing 12, The operation of rotating in the housing 12 can be easily and safely performed.

  Thus, by engaging the hole spline portion 19C provided in the carrier 19 with the sun gear 23, the assembling work of the planetary gear reduction mechanisms 22 and 16 with respect to the housing 12 is completed, and the reduction gear 11 can be assembled. .

  After the planetary gear reduction mechanisms 22 and 16 are assembled in the housing 12, the motor shaft 5A of the hydraulic motor 5 is engaged with the sun gear 17 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 as shown in FIG. The turning device 4 can be assembled by attaching the casing 5B of the hydraulic motor 5 to the bracket portion 12C of the housing 12 (upper housing 12B) using the bolts 15.

  Thus, according to the reduction gear device 11 according to the present embodiment, the two notch portions 20C are provided on the outer peripheral edge portion of the plate 20 constituting the first stage planetary gear reduction mechanism 16, and the second stage planetary gear reduction gear. Two notches 25H are provided on the outer peripheral edge of the carrier 25 constituting the mechanism 22.

  Thereby, when assembling the planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 in the housing 12, the operator grasps each notch 25 </ b> H of the carrier 25 so that the entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 can be accommodated without using a jig or the like. Assembling work can be performed while being stably held in the machine, and this assembling work can be easily and safely performed. For example, when repairing the planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 or the like, the operator can easily remove the entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 from the housing 12 by gripping each notch 25H of the carrier 25. .

  On the other hand, when assembling the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 in the housing 12, the operator holds the entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 without using a jig or the like by holding the notches 20 </ b> C of the plate 20. The assembling work can be performed while being stably held in 12, and the assembling work can be easily and safely performed. In addition, for example, when repairing the planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 or the like, the operator can easily remove the entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 16 from the housing 12 by gripping the notches 20C of the plate 20. .

  Next, FIGS. 8 to 11 show a second embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the present embodiment is that the plate constituting the first stage planetary gear reduction mechanism and the second stage planetary gear reduction mechanism. Are provided with through holes as gripping portions. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes a reduction gear according to the present embodiment. The reduction gear 41 is substantially similar to the reduction gear 11 according to the first embodiment, and includes a housing 12, planetary gear reduction mechanisms 42 and 44, which will be described later, and an output shaft. 27 and the like.

  42 is a first-stage planetary gear speed reduction mechanism, and the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 42 is substantially the same as the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 16 according to the first embodiment, and includes a sun gear 17, each planetary gear 18, a carrier 19, which will be described later. However, the structure of the plate 43 is different from that of the plate 20 according to the first embodiment.

  43 is a plate for axially retaining the planetary gear 18 attached to each pin 19B of the carrier 19, and the plate 43 is slightly more than the support plate 19A of the carrier 19 as shown in FIGS. It is formed as a small-diameter disk. A shaft insertion hole 43A through which the motor shaft 5A is inserted is formed in the center of the plate 43, and a bolt 21 into which the bolt 21 is inserted in a position corresponding to each pin 19B of the carrier 19 in the plate 43. An insertion hole 43B is formed.

  Reference numeral 43C denotes two through-holes serving as gripping portions formed in the plate 43 with the shaft insertion hole 43A interposed therebetween. These through-holes 43C are replaced with the cutout portions 20C according to the first embodiment. It is used for the form. Here, each through-hole 43C is formed as a circular hole penetrating the plate 43 upward and downward with a hole diameter sufficient to insert an operator's finger, and is arranged at intervals of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction.

  When assembling the planetary gear reduction mechanism 42 in the housing 12, an operator can stably place the planetary gear reduction mechanism 42 in the housing 12 by inserting a finger into each through-hole 43 </ b> C of the plate 43. It has a configuration that can be held.

  44 is a second-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism, and the planetary gear reduction mechanism 44 is substantially the same as the planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 according to the first embodiment, and includes the sun gear 23, each planetary gear 24, and a carrier 45 described later. However, the structure of the carrier 45 is different from that of the carrier 25 according to the first embodiment.

  45 is a carrier that rotatably supports each planetary gear 24. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the carrier 45 has a disk shape slightly smaller than the diameter of the tip of the inner tooth 12D. The lower support plates 45A and 45B and the four connecting portions 45C that connect the upper and lower support plates 45A and 45B are roughly configured. Further, a gear insertion hole 45D through which the sun gear 23 is inserted is formed at the center of the support plate 45A, and four upper pins into which the upper end side of the pin 26 is fitted around the gear insertion hole 45D. A fitting hole 45E is formed. On the other hand, a hole spline portion 45F that meshes with the shaft spline portion 27A of the output shaft 27 is formed at the center of the support plate 45B, and the lower end side of the pin 26 is fitted around the hole spline portion 45F. 45G of lower pin fitting holes are drilled.

  Reference numerals 45H denote four through holes formed in the support plate 45A of the carrier 45 at positions different from the pins 26. These through holes 45H are replaced with the notches 25H according to the first embodiment. It is used for the form of. Here, each through hole 45H is formed as a circular hole penetrating the support plate 45A upward and downward with a hole diameter sufficient to insert an operator's finger, and is arranged between the pins 26 at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. Has been.

  When assembling the planetary gear reduction mechanism 44 in the housing 12, the operator can stably place the planetary gear reduction mechanism 44 in the housing 12 by inserting a finger into each through hole 45 </ b> H of the carrier 45. It has a configuration that can be held.

  The speed reduction device 41 according to the present embodiment includes the planetary gear speed reduction mechanisms 42 and 44 as described above, and the plate 43 constituting the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 42 is provided with a through hole 43C as a gripping portion, so that the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism is provided. The carrier 45 constituting the mechanism 44 is provided with a through hole 45H as a gripping portion.

  Thus, when assembling the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 42 in the housing 12, when removing the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 42 from the housing 12, the operator holds the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 42 by holding the through holes 43 </ b> C of the plate 43. The whole can be stably held in the housing 12, and the assembling work and the removing work of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 42 can be easily and safely performed.

  When assembling the planetary gear reduction mechanism 44 in the housing 12, when removing the planetary gear reduction mechanism 44 from the housing 12, the operator grasps each through-hole 45 </ b> H of the carrier 45, so that the entire planetary gear reduction mechanism 44 is held. Can be stably held in the housing 12, and the assembling work and the removing work of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 44 can be easily and safely performed.

In the second embodiment described above exemplifies a case where the through hole 43 C provided in the plate 43 is formed by a circular hole. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a polygonal hole may be provided.

Further, in the first embodiment described above, the case where the semicircular cutout portion 20 </ b> C is provided in the outer peripheral edge portion of the plate 20 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, FIG. 1 to a plate 20 'according to the modification shown in 2, the long groove-like notch extending in an arc shape in the circumferential direction can be inserted a plurality of fingers 20C 'may be provided.

In the first embodiment described above illustrates the case of two notches 20C digits set in the plate 20. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, may be provided one or three or more notches in the flop rate, for example.

  In the first embodiment described above, the carrier 19 that cantilever-supports each pin 19B by the support plate 19A is used for the first-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism 16, and the second-stage planetary gear reduction mechanism 22 is moved upward. The case where the carrier 25 that supports both pins 26 by both lower support plates 25A and 25B is used is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a carrier that cantilever-supports a pin may be used for both the first-stage and second-stage planetary gear reduction mechanisms. A carrier that supports both pins in both planetary gear speed reduction mechanisms may be used. The same applies to the second embodiment.

Further, in the first embodiment described above, the speed reduction device 11 in which the two-stage planetary gear speed reduction mechanisms 16 and 22 are provided in the housing 12 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, a planetary gear reduction mechanism of one stage in the housing may be set only that constitutes a three-stage or more planetary gear reduction mechanism in the housing may be set only that configure.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the speed reducer is applied to a swing device for a hydraulic excavator has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, traveling mounted on a lower traveling body such as a hydraulic excavator. The present invention can also be applied to a rope winch or the like mounted on a device or a hydraulic crane.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a reduction gear according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied to a swing device for a hydraulic excavator. It is a perspective view which shows the plate in FIG. 1 provided with the notch alone. It is a perspective view which shows the carrier in FIG. 1 in which the notch part was provided alone. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attaches the planetary gear reduction mechanism of the 2nd step | paragraph in a housing. It is the top view which looked at the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism and housing of the 2nd stage from the arrow VV direction in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which assembled | attaches the planetary gear reduction mechanism of the 1st step | paragraph in a housing. It is the top view which looked at the planetary gear reduction mechanism and housing of the 1st step | paragraph from the arrow VII-VII direction in FIG. It is the same longitudinal cross-sectional view as FIG. 1 shown in the state which applied the speed reducer by 2nd Embodiment to the turning apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the plate in which the through-hole was provided alone. It is a perspective view which shows the carrier provided with the through-hole by itself. It is sectional drawing which looked at the carrier provided with the through-hole from the arrow XI-XI direction in FIG. Is a similar perspective view as Figure 2 showing a modification of the cutout portion provided in plate.

Explanation of symbols

5 Hydraulic motor (rotation source)
11, 41 Deceleration device 12 Housing 12D Internal teeth 16, 22, 42, 44 Planetary gear reduction mechanism 17, 23 Sun gear 18, 24 Planetary gear 19, 25, 45, 45 'Carrier 19A, 25A, 25B, 45A, 45B Support Plate 19B, 26 Pin 20 , 4 3 Plate 20C , 20C 'Notch (gripping part)
25C, 45C connecting part 43 C through hole (gripping part )

Claims (2)

And a planetary gear reduction mechanism that is provided in the housing and decelerates the rotation of the rotation source. The planetary gear reduction mechanism includes a sun gear and the sun gear. A plurality of planetary gears that mesh with the gears and the internal teeth and revolve around the sun gear, a carrier provided with a plurality of pins that rotatably support the planetary gears, and each pin In the speed reducer constituted by a plate that is attached and holds the planetary gears in the axial direction,
The plate is provided with a grip portion for gripping the planetary gear reduction mechanism in the housing ,
The gripping portion is constituted by a notch portion formed in a recessed shape by notching a peripheral edge portion of the plate . And a planetary gear reduction mechanism that is provided in the housing and decelerates the rotation of the rotation source. The planetary gear reduction mechanism includes a sun gear and the sun gear. A plurality of planetary gears that mesh with the gears and the internal teeth and revolve around the sun gear, a carrier provided with a plurality of pins that rotatably support the planetary gears, and each pin In the speed reducer constituted by a plate that is attached and holds the planetary gears in the axial direction,
The plate is provided with a grip portion for gripping the planetary gear reduction mechanism in the housing,
The gripper, reduction gear, characterized in that constructed by the through hole formed in the plate at a position different from the pins.

Images