JP4446531B2 - Fishing net - Google Patents

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JP4446531B2
JP4446531B2 JP34277099A JP34277099A JP4446531B2 JP 4446531 B2 JP4446531 B2 JP 4446531B2 JP 34277099 A JP34277099 A JP 34277099A JP 34277099 A JP34277099 A JP 34277099A JP 4446531 B2 JP4446531 B2 JP 4446531B2
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polyketone
fibers
net
fiber
fishing
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JP2001157528A (en
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龍 谷口
徹 森田
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Asahi Kasei Corp
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Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、機械的特性に優れ、さらには耐水性、耐熱性、耐湿熱特性を有し、安定して優れた漁獲性能を有する漁網に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、刺網、曳網、施網、定置網、海苔網、養殖網などの漁獲用・養殖用の漁網においては、網糸を構成する繊維としてナイロン6・6やナイロン6等のポリアミド繊維、ポリエステル繊維、塩化ビニリデン繊維、塩化ビニル繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維等が用いられてきた。
漁網に用いられる網糸には使用時に破断しないだけの強力が必要とされるが、これらの汎用繊維は強度が十分ではなく、結果として繊度の大きい繊維を用いることで強力を持たせてきていた。
しかし、繊度の大きい繊維からなる網糸では、漁獲時の海水の抵抗が大きい問題、漁網の重量が重くなり操作性及び取扱性が悪い問題などがあり、より細い繊度の繊維からなる軽量で取扱性のよく、また、漁獲時の抵抗の少ない漁網が要求されている。
【0003】
これらの要求を受けて、近年、超高分子量ポリエチレン繊維やポリビニルアルコール繊維を用いた漁網も検討されている(特開平7−135872号公報、特開平8−70732号公報)。
しかしながら、超高分子量ポリエチレン繊維は融点が低く、漁網の繰出し・取入れ時などの網と金属との摩擦による発熱によって繊維が融着したり、染色が困難である問題があった。また、ポリビニルアルコール繊維は耐水性、特に耐湿熱性が悪く、海水を含んだ状態で日光等によって加熱されると強度が著しく低下する問題があった。
以上のように、これまで漁網において、機械的特性に優れ、かつ、耐熱性、耐湿熱性にも優れる網糸からなる漁網は知られていない。
【0004】
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、機械的特性、耐熱性、耐湿熱性に優れる漁網を提供するものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、漁獲用網地において、網地を構成する繊維の少なくとも一部に、オレフィンと一酸化炭素の共重合してなるポリケトンポリマーから構成されたポリケトン繊維を用いることにより、従来の漁網では見られない機械的特性、耐熱性、耐湿熱性に優れた漁網が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
即ち、本発明は以下の通りである。
(1) 漁獲用網地において、網糸を構成する繊維の少なくとも一部に、オレフィンと一酸化炭素を共重合してなるポリケトンポリマーから構成されたポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維を用い、かつこのポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維が融点240℃以上であり、更には120℃、100%湿度下で30分の湿熱処理後、80%以上の強度保持率を有することを特徴とする漁網を提供する。また、
2) ポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維の強度が5cN/dtex以上、弾性率が100cN/dtex以上である点にも特徴を有する。また、
3) ポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維の強度が10cN/dtex以上、弾性率が200cN/dtex以上である点にも特徴を有する。また、
4) ポリケトンポリマーを構成する繰返単位の97重量%以上が1−オキソトリメチレンである点にも特徴を有する。また、
5) ポリケトンポリマーを構成する繰返単位が1−オキソトリメチレンのみからなる点にも特徴を有する。また、
6) 網糸を構成する繊維の50重量%以上がポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維である点にも特徴を有する。また、
7) 網糸を構成する繊維がポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維のみからなる点にも特徴を有する。
【0006】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の漁網を構成する繊維の少なくとも一部、あるいは全部として用いられるポリケトン繊維を構成するポリマーは、オレフィンと一酸化炭素の共重合ポリマーである。
強度・弾性率などの機械的特性、耐熱性、耐湿熱性、耐水性の観点からエチレンと一酸化炭素が結合した1−オキソトリメチレンを主たる繰返単位とするポリマーが好ましい。
繰返単位中の1−オキソトリメチレンの割合は、多ければ多いほど高融点、高力学物性の繊維が得られるため90重量%以上であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは97重量%以上、特に好ましくは100重量%である。
このオレフィンと一酸化炭素が結合した繰返単位同士は、部分的にケトン基同士、オレフィン同士がつながっていてもよいが、90重量%以上がオレフィンと一酸化炭素が交互に配列したポリケトンポリマーであることが望ましい。耐光性、耐熱性、高温時の物性の低下の観点からオレフィンと一酸化炭素が交互に配列した部分の含有率は多ければ多いほどよく、好ましくは97重量%以上、最も好ましくは100重量%である。
【0007】
また、必要に応じてプロペン、ブテン、ヘキセン、シクロヘキセン、ペンテン、シクロペンテン、オクテン、ノネン等のエチレン以外のオレフィンやメチルメタクリレート、酢酸ビニル、アクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、スチレン、スチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム、アリルスルホン酸ナトリウム、ビニルピロリドン、塩化ビニル等の不飽和炭化水素を有する化合物を共重合してもよい。
その他の共重合成分の割合は特に制限されないが、通常3重量%未満、好ましくは1重量%未満である。
【0008】
本発明の漁網に用いられるポリケトン繊維は強度が5cN/dtex以上、弾性率が100cN/dtex以上であることが推奨される。繊維の強度は高いほど同一重量当たりの漁網の強力が強くなり細繊度化、軽量化が可能となるので、好ましくは5cN/dtex以上、さらに好ましくは10cN/dtex以上、特に好ましくは15cN/dtex以上であることが望ましい。
また、繊維の弾性率も高いほど網糸の剛性が向上するので、好ましくは100cN/dtex以上、さらに好ましくは200cN/dtex以上、特に好ましくは300cN/dtex以上であることが望ましい。
【0009】
また、漁網に用いられるポリケトン繊維は機械的特性のみならず耐熱性、耐湿熱特性に優れることが望まれる。
ポリケトン繊維においては繊維の融点が高いほど耐熱性に優れるため、好ましくは240℃以上、より好ましくは250℃以上、特に好ましくは260℃以上の融点であることが望ましい。
ポリケトン繊維の耐湿熱特性としては、120℃、100%湿度下で30分の過酷な湿熱処理を行っても十分な強度を維持することが望ましく、湿熱処理前後の繊維の強度保持率としては好ましくは80%以上、より好ましくは90%以上であることが望ましい。
【0010】
このような特性を有するポリケトン繊維は漁網を構成する網糸の少なくとも一部に使用される。
網糸におけるポリケトン繊維の比率は、網組織や経糸、緯糸など使用部位によって異なるが、ポリケトン繊維の割合が高ければ高いほど、機械的特性、耐熱性、耐湿熱特性に優れることから、好ましくは50重量%以上、より好ましくは80重量%以上、特に好ましくは100重量%がポリケトン繊維であることが望ましい。
ポリケトン繊維の繊度やフィラメント数には特に制限はなく、必要に応じては単糸繊度10dtex以上のモノフィラメントを用いてもよい。
【0011】
以上のような特徴を有するポリケトン繊維はそのまま、或いは他の繊維素材と複合して、撚糸、編網、必要に応じては染色を行い、目通し、樹脂加工、熱処理を経て本発明の漁網に加工される。
本発明の漁網の網形態については特に制限はなく、結節網、無結節網のいずれであってもよい。また、結節方法についても特に制限はなく、本目網、蛙股網、ラッシェル網、もじ網、織網など用途、使用目的に応じて任意の方法を採用できる。
また、網糸の太さ、撚りの有無、撚り方法、撚り合わせ本数、目合、網幅、長さについても特に制限はなく、従来公知の条件、方法を採用することができる。
【0012】
漁網の製網方法については、従来公知の本目製網機、蛙股製網機、丸型製網機、よこ型製網機、ラッシェル型製網機、もじ網製網機などの製網機をそのまま用いることが出来る。
ポリケトン繊維を染色する方法については特に制限はないが、分散染料による染色が好適に用いられる。
熱処理前後に伸度調節や結節固定、耐摩擦性、水切れ向上、柔軟性付与などを目的とした樹脂加工を行ってもよく、目的に応じた特性を有する樹脂で加工できる。
漁網の熱処理条件は、併用する繊維素材の種類や網組織、樹脂加工に用いた樹脂の種類によって任意の条件を採用できるが、概略100〜250℃の範囲で処理を行われる。
【0013】
本発明の漁網を構成する網糸には、目的に応じてポリケトン繊維以外の繊維素材を用いることが出来る。混用可能な繊維については特に制限はなく、ナイロン6、ナイロン6・6、ナイロン4・6などのポリアミド繊維、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどのポリエステル繊維、液晶ポリエステル繊維、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン繊維、ポリビニルアルコール繊維、ポリ塩化ビニリデン繊維、ポリ塩化ビニル繊維、ポリベンザゾール繊維、アラミド繊維、羊毛、ポリアクリロニトリル繊維、木綿、ビスコースレーヨン等のセルロース繊維、炭素繊維、セラミックス繊維、金属繊維などの従来公知の繊維を使用することができ、必要に応じてはこれらの繊維の中から複数種類の繊維を複合して用いても何ら問題はない。
他の繊維の混用割合は特に制限されないが、通常50重量%未満、好ましくは20重量%未満である。
【0014】
本発明の漁網に用いられる繊維材料は無撚糸であっても、仮撚り、嵩高加工、捲縮加工、捲回加工などの加工を施した加工糸を用いても良い。
複数種の繊維を混用する場合、その方法についても特に制限はなく、経糸、緯糸に異なる種類の繊維を用いたり、必要に応じては複数種の繊維を仮撚りや撚りなどの加工を施して混繊糸としたり、また、同一種の繊維であっても熱的・機械的特性の異なる繊維、或いは繊度やフィラメン数の異なる繊維、または長繊維のフィラメントと短繊維の紡績糸などを複合して用いてもよい。
【0015】
また、本発明の漁網に用いるポリケトン繊維および混用する繊維は、熱安定剤や平滑剤、顔料、油剤、隠蔽剤、艶消し剤、難燃剤、可塑剤、防炎剤、防腐剤、抗菌剤、防汚剤などの添加剤を表面に塗布あるいは繊維中に含んでいてもよく、むしろ各種薬剤を塗布、含有する繊維が望ましい。
以上のような条件から作製された本発明の漁網は、刺網、曳網、施網、定置網、海苔網、養殖網などの用途に用いることができる。特に、高強度・高弾性率、高耐湿熱性の点から刺網、曳網等の漁獲用漁網に適している。
【0016】
以下、本発明の漁網を構成する網糸に用いられるポリケトン繊維の製造法について説明する。ポリケトン繊維の製造方法は特に限定されず、従来公知の溶融紡糸法、乾式紡糸法、湿式紡糸法をそのままあるいは修正して用いることが出来る(例えば、特開平1−124617号公報、特開平2−112413号公報、特開平4−228613号公報、特表平4−505344号公報、特表平7−508317号公報、特表平8−507328号公報、WO9918143号公開パンフレット、特願平10−236595号、特願平11−72091号、特願平11−77220号、特願平11−159258号、特願平11−167370号)。
【0017】
エチレン/一酸化炭素交互共重合ポリマーを紡糸する場合には濃厚金属塩を溶剤とする湿式紡糸法が好ましい。
濃厚金属塩としては、ハロゲン化亜鉛化合物が挙げられ、溶解性、溶媒のコスト、水溶液の安定性の点で塩化亜鉛、よう化亜鉛が好ましい。また、必要に応じては塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム等のアルカリ金属あるいはアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物を60重量%以下で含んでいてもよく、ドープの溶解性、熱安定性、紡糸性の観点から塩化ナトリウムや塩化カルシウムなどの金属塩を5〜30重量%含有したドープが好ましい。このポリケトンドープを紡糸口金より吐出し、必要に応じてはエアーギャップ部を経て凝固浴を通して糸状物とする。
凝固浴の組成は、メタノール、アセトン等の有機溶剤、水、有機物水溶液、無機物水溶液等のようなものであってもよいが、水を含んだ溶液が好ましい。
【0018】
このようにして得た糸状物を必要に応じては金属塩を洗浄し、乾燥、延伸を行う。
延伸は、通常融点以下の温度で行われ延伸倍率はトータルで10倍以上、特に15倍以上の熱延伸を行うことが好ましく、延伸温度を徐々に高くしていく多段延伸法が好適に用いられる。
このような方法で得られたポリケトン繊維は、高強度・高弾性率の優れた機械的特性を有するとともに熱や湿熱に対して安定であり、該繊維を漁網用網糸へ適用することにより従来の繊維素材からなる漁網では得ることのできなかった軽量で取扱性に優れ、流水抵抗の少なく、優れた強度、安定した漁獲性能を有する漁網が得られるようになった。
【0019】
【実施例】
本発明を、下記の実施例などにより更に詳しく説明するが、それらは本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
実施例の説明中に用いられる各測定値の測定方法は次の通りである。
(I) 極限粘度
極限粘度[η]は次の定義式(I)に基づいて求められる値である。

Figure 0004446531
(式中のt及びTはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノールに溶解したポリケトンの希釈溶液の25℃での粘度管の流過時間である。Cは上記溶液100ml中のグラム単位による溶質重量値である。)
(2) 強度、弾性率
JIS−L−1013に準じて測定した。
【0020】
(3) 融点
繊維を長さ5mmにカットしたものを試料とした。
パーキンエルマー社製示差熱測定装置Pyris1を用いて下記条件で測定を行った。
サンプル重量 : 1mg
測定温度 : 30℃→300℃
昇温速度 : 20℃/分
雰囲気 : 窒素、流量=200mL/分
得られる吸発熱曲線において200℃〜300℃の範囲に観測される最大の吸熱ピークのピークトップ温度を融点とした。
(4) 耐湿熱強度保持率
湿度100%、温度120℃のオートクレーブ中に繊維または釣り糸を投入し30分間処理した。処理後の引張強度を上記(2) の方法に準じて測定し、処理前の繊維強度をT、処理後の繊維強度をTsとして下式(2) より耐湿熱強度保持率Rsを求めた。
Rs = Ts/T × 100 (%)・・・(2)
【0021】
(5) 網の引張強力
JIS−L−1043に準じて1節1本で測定した。
(6) 湿熱引張強力の保持率
湿度100%、温度120℃のオートクレーブ中に網地を投入し30分間処理した。処理後の網の引っ張り強力を上記(5) の方法に準じて測定した。
処理前の網の強力をTb、処理後の網の強力をTaとして下式(3) より湿熱引張強力保持率Rnを求めた。
Rn= Ta/Tb × 100 (%)・・・(3)
【0022】
(実施例1)
常法により調製したエチレンと一酸化炭素が完全交互共重合した極限粘度5.9のポリケトンポリマーを、塩化亜鉛65重量%/塩化ナトリウム10重量%を含有する水溶液に添加し、80℃で2時間攪拌溶解しポリマー濃度8重量%のドープを得た。
得られたドープを80℃に加温し、20μmのフィルターでろ過した後に、紡口径0.10mm、L/D=1、250ホールの紡口より10mmのエアーギャップを通した後に5重量%の塩化亜鉛を含有する18℃の水中に吐出量16cc/分の速度で押出し、凝固させた。引続き凝固糸を濃度2重量%の硫酸水溶液で洗浄し、さらに30℃の水で洗浄した後、巻取速度2.5m/分で巻取り、さらに得られた糸状物を220℃にて乾燥して未延伸糸を得た。
この未延伸糸を240℃で1段目の延伸を行った後に、引続き260℃で2段目、270℃で3段目の延伸を行いトータルで15倍の延伸を行い、480dtex/250fの延伸糸を得た。
延伸時に毛羽・断糸等のトラブルは発生しなかった。得られた繊維は繊維物性、高融点であり、湿熱安定性にも優れた性能を有していた。
この延伸糸を3子撚りにして合撚糸を作製した。この合撚糸を用いて、7500Dr、目合11節、100掛のラッシェル網を製網した。
【0023】
(実施例2)
常法により1−オキソ−3−メチルトリメチレンユニットを3重量%含有する極限粘度5.4のエチレン/プロペン/一酸化炭素ターポリマーを調製した。該ポリマーを用い、ドープ濃度を10重量%とし、吐出量を14cc/分にする以外は実施例1と同様の処方で紡糸、乾燥を行い未延伸糸を得た。
この未延伸糸を180℃に加熱したロールを通した後に、周囲に220℃の加熱空気を流した長さ1mのホットプレート上で220℃で1段目の延伸を行った後に、引き続き235℃で2段目、さらに245℃で3段目の延伸を行いトータルで14.5倍の延伸を行い繊度500dtex/250fの延伸糸を得た。
該延伸糸を用い実施例1と同様にしてラッシェル網を製網した。
【0024】
(実施例3)
常法により1−オキソ−3−メチルトリメチレンユニットを6重量%含有する極限粘度1.6のエチレン/プロペン/一酸化炭素ターポリマーを調製した。該ポリマーを用い、ドープ濃度を22重量%とし、吐出量を6cc/分にする以外は実施例1と同様の処方で紡糸、乾燥を行い未延伸糸を得た。
この未延伸糸を180℃に加熱したロールを通した後に、周囲に200℃の加熱空気を流した長さ1mのホットプレート上で200℃で1段目の延伸を行った後に、引き続き215℃で2段目、さらに225℃で3段目の延伸を行いトータルで12.5倍の延伸を行い繊度480dtex/250fの延伸糸を得た。
この延伸糸の強度はナイロン6・6およびそれから製網された漁網とほぼ同等であったが、耐湿熱特性に優れていた。
【0025】
(実施例4)
実施例1で作製した合撚糸をフロント糸に、また公知の溶融紡糸法により作製したナイロン6・6繊維(1500dtex/250f)をバック糸に用いてラッシェル網を製網した。
【0026】
(比較例1)
公知の溶融紡糸法により作製したナイロン6・6繊維(1500dtex/250f)を用いて実施例1と同様にしてナイロン6・6繊維のみからなるラッシェル網を製網した。該、網地の強力はポリケトン繊維のそれに比べて大きく劣っており、特に湿熱処理によって強力が大幅に低下した。
(比較例2)
常法により調製した重合度7000のポリビニルアルコールを濃度7重量%となるようDMSOに溶解し、冷メタノールを凝固浴として常法に従い紡糸、乾燥、延伸を行い、繊度355dtex/250fの延伸糸を得た。この延伸糸を用いて4子撚りを行い合撚糸を得た。この合撚糸を用いて実施例1と同様の処方でラッシェル網を製網した。
網地の機械的特性はポリケトン繊維を用いたものと同等であったが、湿熱処理により強力が大きく低下した。
【0027】
上記実施例および比較例にて用いた繊維の性質を表1にまとめて示す。
また、上記実施例および比較例にて作製した漁網の性能を表2にまとめて示す。
【表1】
Figure 0004446531
【0028】
【表2】
Figure 0004446531
【0029】
(注)・ECO =エチレン/一酸化炭素交互共重合ポリマー(融点258℃)
・EPCO▲1▼=エチレン/プロペン/一酸化炭素ターポリマー(重量基準でエチレン/CO:プロペン/CO=97:3、融点241℃)
・EPCO▲2▼=エチレン/プロペン/一酸化炭素ターポリマー(重量基準でエチレン/CO:プロペン/CO=94:6、融点222℃)
・PA =ナイロン6・6(標品名レオナ6・6、旭化成工業(株)製)
・PVA =ポリビニルアルコール(重合度=7000、ケン化度=100%)
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明の漁網は、高強度・高弾性率の優れた機械的特性を有するとともに熱や湿熱に対して安定であるポリケトン繊維を含有するため機械的特性、耐熱性の優れる。
特に、高強度・高弾性率、高耐熱性の1−オキソトリメチレンのみからなるポリケトン繊維からなる漁網は、高い網糸強力・弾性率と耐熱性、耐湿熱性を有しており、従来の繊維素材からなる漁網では得ることのできなかった高い機械的特性、安定した漁獲性能を発揮できる。
また、該漁網では従来の漁網に比べて同等の強力とすることで軽量化、低容量化が可能となり、取り扱い性の向上、流水抵抗の低減が期待される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fishing net having excellent mechanical characteristics, water resistance, heat resistance, and heat and humidity resistance, and stably having excellent fishing performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in fishing nets for fishing and aquaculture such as gill nets, sash nets, application nets, stationary nets, laver nets, and aquaculture nets, polyamide fibers such as nylon 6/6 and nylon 6 as polyester fibers, polyester fibers Vinylidene chloride fiber, vinyl chloride fiber, polypropylene fiber and the like have been used.
The net yarn used for fishing nets needs to be strong enough not to break at the time of use, but these general-purpose fibers are not strong enough, and as a result, they have been made strong by using fibers with high fineness. .
However, net yarn made of fibers with high fineness has problems such as high resistance to seawater at the time of fishing, and the weight of the fishing net is heavy, resulting in poor operability and handling. There is a demand for fishing nets that are good in nature and have little resistance to catch.
[0003]
In response to these requirements, in recent years, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers and Poribiniruaru nets using call fibers have also been studied (JP-A 7-135872 and JP-Hei 8-70732).
However, the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber has a low melting point, and there is a problem that the fiber is fused or dyeing is difficult due to heat generated by friction between the net and the metal at the time of feeding and taking in the fishing net. In addition, polyvinyl alcohol fibers have poor water resistance, particularly moisture and heat resistance, and there is a problem that the strength is remarkably lowered when heated by sunlight or the like in a state containing seawater.
As described above, fishing nets made of net yarns that are excellent in mechanical characteristics, heat resistance, and heat and humidity resistance have not been known so far.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
The subject of this invention is providing the fishing net which is excellent in mechanical characteristics, heat resistance, and heat-and-moisture resistance.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention uses a polyketone fiber composed of a polyketone polymer formed by copolymerization of an olefin and carbon monoxide in at least a part of the fibers constituting the net in a fishing net, The present inventors have found that a fishing net excellent in mechanical properties, heat resistance, and heat-and-moisture resistance that cannot be seen can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) In a fishing net, a polyketone multifilament fiber composed of a polyketone polymer obtained by copolymerizing olefin and carbon monoxide is used as at least a part of fibers constituting the net yarn, and the polyketone multifilament Provided is a fishing net characterized in that the fiber has a melting point of 240 ° C. or higher, and further has a strength retention of 80% or higher after wet heat treatment at 120 ° C. and 100% humidity for 30 minutes. Also,
( 2 ) The polyketone multifilament fiber is characterized by a strength of 5 cN / dtex or more and an elastic modulus of 100 cN / dtex or more. Also,
( 3 ) The polyketone multifilament fiber is characterized by a strength of 10 cN / dtex or more and an elastic modulus of 200 cN / dtex or more. Also,
( 4 ) Another feature is that 97% by weight or more of the repeating units constituting the polyketone polymer is 1-oxotrimethylene. Also,
( 5 ) It is also characterized in that the repeating unit constituting the polyketone polymer consists only of 1-oxotrimethylene. Also,
( 6 ) It is also characterized in that 50% by weight or more of the fibers constituting the net yarn are polyketone multifilament fibers. Also,
( 7 ) It is also characterized in that the fibers constituting the net yarn are composed only of polyketone multifilament fibers.
[0006]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The polymer constituting the polyketone fiber used as at least a part or all of the fibers constituting the fishing net of the present invention is a copolymer of olefin and carbon monoxide.
From the viewpoints of mechanical properties such as strength and elastic modulus, heat resistance, moist heat resistance, and water resistance, a polymer containing 1-oxotrimethylene in which ethylene and carbon monoxide are bonded as the main repeating unit is preferable.
The proportion of 1-oxotrimethylene in the repeating unit is preferably 90% by weight or more, more preferably 97% by weight or more, and particularly preferably, because a higher melting point and higher mechanical properties can be obtained. Is 100% by weight.
The repeating units in which the olefin and carbon monoxide are bonded may partially have ketone groups or olefins connected to each other, but 90% by weight or more is a polyketone polymer in which olefins and carbon monoxide are alternately arranged. It is desirable to be. From the viewpoint of light resistance, heat resistance, and reduction in physical properties at high temperatures, the content of the portion in which olefins and carbon monoxide are alternately arranged is preferably as large as possible, preferably 97% by weight or more, most preferably 100% by weight. is there.
[0007]
If necessary, olefins other than ethylene such as propene, butene, hexene, cyclohexene, pentene, cyclopentene, octene, nonene, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylamide, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, styrene, sodium styrenesulfonate, allylsulfonic acid A compound having an unsaturated hydrocarbon such as sodium, vinyl pyrrolidone or vinyl chloride may be copolymerized.
The proportion of other copolymer components is not particularly limited, but is usually less than 3% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight.
[0008]
It is recommended that the polyketone fiber used in the fishing net of the present invention has a strength of 5 cN / dtex or more and an elastic modulus of 100 cN / dtex or more. The higher the strength of the fiber, the stronger the fishing net per unit weight becomes, and it becomes possible to reduce the fineness and weight, so that it is preferably 5 cN / dtex or more, more preferably 10 cN / dtex or more, particularly preferably 15 cN / dtex or more. It is desirable that
Further, the higher the elastic modulus of the fiber, the higher the net yarn rigidity. Therefore, it is preferably 100 cN / dtex or more, more preferably 200 cN / dtex or more, and particularly preferably 300 cN / dtex or more.
[0009]
Moreover, it is desired that the polyketone fiber used for fishing nets is excellent not only in mechanical properties but also in heat resistance and heat and humidity resistance.
In the polyketone fiber, the higher the fiber melting point, the better the heat resistance. Therefore, the melting point is preferably 240 ° C. or higher, more preferably 250 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 260 ° C. or higher.
It is desirable that the polyketone fiber has sufficient heat and humidity resistance, and it is desirable to maintain sufficient strength even after a severe hydrothermal treatment at 120 ° C. and 100% humidity for 30 minutes. Is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
[0010]
The polyketone fiber having such characteristics is used for at least a part of the net yarn constituting the fishing net.
The ratio of the polyketone fiber in the net yarn varies depending on the use site such as the net structure, warp and weft, but the higher the proportion of the polyketone fiber, the better the mechanical properties, heat resistance, and heat and humidity resistance properties. It is desirable that the polyketone fiber is not less than wt%, more preferably not less than 80 wt%, particularly preferably 100 wt%.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the fineness of a polyketone fiber, and the number of filaments, You may use the monofilament whose single yarn fineness is 10 dtex or more as needed.
[0011]
The polyketone fiber having the above-mentioned characteristics is used as it is or in combination with other fiber materials, twisted yarns, knitted nets, dyed as necessary, and processed into the fishing nets of the present invention through inspection, resin processing, and heat treatment. Is done.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the net form of the fishing net of this invention, Any of a nodule net and a nodule net may be sufficient. The knotting method is not particularly limited, and any method can be adopted depending on the purpose of use, the purpose of use, such as a main net, a crotch net, a raschel net, a knot net, and a woven net.
Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular also about the thickness of a mesh thread, the presence or absence of a twist, a twisting method, the number of twists, a mesh, a mesh width, and length, A conventionally well-known conditions and method are employable.
[0012]
As for the method of netting of fishing nets, a conventionally known net netting machine, thigh netting machine, round netting machine, weft type netting machine, Raschel type netting machine, moji net netting machine, etc. It can be used as it is.
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the method of dyeing | staining a polyketone fiber, The dyeing | staining by a disperse dye is used suitably.
Resin processing may be performed before and after heat treatment for the purpose of adjusting elongation, fixing knots, friction resistance, improving water drainage, imparting flexibility, and the like, and can be processed with a resin having characteristics according to the purpose.
Although any conditions can be adopted as the heat treatment conditions for the fishing net depending on the type of fiber material to be used together, the net structure, and the type of resin used for resin processing, the treatment is performed in the range of approximately 100 to 250 ° C.
[0013]
For the net yarn constituting the fishing net of the present invention, a fiber material other than polyketone fiber can be used depending on the purpose. There are no particular restrictions on the fibers that can be used together. Polyamide fibers such as nylon 6, nylon 6, 6 and nylon 4, 6, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, liquid crystal polyester fibers, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. Polyolefin fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyvinylidene chloride fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, polybenzazole fiber, aramid fiber, wool, polyacrylonitrile fiber, cellulose fiber such as cotton, viscose rayon, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, metal fiber Conventionally known fibers such as these can be used, and if necessary, a plurality of types of fibers can be used in combination without any problem.
The mixing ratio of other fibers is not particularly limited, but is usually less than 50% by weight, preferably less than 20% by weight.
[0014]
The fiber material used for the fishing net of the present invention may be a non-twisted yarn or a processed yarn that has been subjected to processing such as false twisting, bulky processing, crimping processing, and winding processing.
When mixing multiple types of fibers, the method is not particularly limited, and different types of fibers may be used for warp and weft, or multiple types of fibers may be subjected to processing such as false twisting and twisting as necessary. It can be blended yarns, or even fibers of the same type with different thermal and mechanical properties, fibers with different fineness and number of filaments, or filaments of long fibers and spun yarns of short fibers. May be used.
[0015]
Further, the polyketone fiber used in the fishing net of the present invention and the fiber to be mixed include a heat stabilizer, a smoothing agent, a pigment, an oil agent, a masking agent, a matting agent, a flame retardant, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, an antiseptic, an antibacterial agent, Additives such as antifouling agents may be applied to the surface or included in the fibers, but fibers that apply and contain various agents are desirable.
The fishing net of the present invention produced from the above conditions can be used for applications such as stabbed nets, trap nets, application nets, stationary nets, laver nets, and aquaculture nets. In particular, it is suitable for fishing nets such as stabbed nets and shark nets because of its high strength, high elastic modulus, and high heat and heat resistance.
[0016]
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the polyketone fiber used for the net yarn which comprises the fishing net of this invention is demonstrated. The production method of the polyketone fiber is not particularly limited, and conventionally known melt spinning method, dry spinning method, and wet spinning method can be used as they are or modified (for example, JP-A-1-124617, JP-A-2-2). No. 112413, JP-A-4-228613, JP-A-4-505344, JP-A-7-508317, JP-A-8-507328, WO9918143 publication pamphlet, JP-A-10-236595 No. 11, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-72091, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-77220, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-159258, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-167370).
[0017]
When spinning an ethylene / carbon monoxide alternating copolymer, a wet spinning method using a concentrated metal salt as a solvent is preferred.
The concentrated metal salt includes a zinc halide compound, and zinc chloride and zinc iodide are preferable from the viewpoint of solubility, solvent cost, and aqueous solution stability. Further, if necessary, it may contain a halide of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride or the like in an amount of 60% by weight or less, and the solubility of the dope, thermal stability, spinnability. In view of the above, a dope containing 5 to 30% by weight of a metal salt such as sodium chloride or calcium chloride is preferable. The polyketone dope is discharged from a spinneret and, if necessary, is made into a filament through an air gap portion and a coagulation bath.
The composition of the coagulation bath may be an organic solvent such as methanol or acetone, water, an organic aqueous solution, an inorganic aqueous solution, or the like, but a solution containing water is preferred.
[0018]
The filamentous material thus obtained is washed with a metal salt, if necessary, dried and stretched.
Stretching is usually performed at a temperature not higher than the melting point, and the stretching ratio is preferably 10 times or more in total, particularly preferably 15 times or more, and a multistage stretching method in which the stretching temperature is gradually increased is suitably used. .
The polyketone fiber obtained by such a method has excellent mechanical properties such as high strength and high elastic modulus and is stable against heat and wet heat. By applying the fiber to a net for fishing nets, A fishing net having a light weight, excellent handleability, low resistance to running water, excellent strength, and stable fishing performance, which could not be obtained with a fishing net made of the above fiber material, has been obtained.
[0019]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The measurement method of each measurement value used in the description of the examples is as follows.
(I) Intrinsic viscosity Intrinsic viscosity [η] is a value determined on the basis of the following defining formula (I).
Figure 0004446531
(Where t and T are the flow time of the viscosity tube at 25 ° C. of the dilute solution of polyketone dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol. C is the solute weight value in grams in 100 ml of the solution.)
(2) Strength and elastic modulus Measured according to JIS-L-1013.
[0020]
(3) A sample having a melting point fiber cut to a length of 5 mm was used.
The measurement was performed under the following conditions using a differential heat measuring device Pyris 1 manufactured by PerkinElmer.
Sample weight: 1mg
Measurement temperature: 30 ° C → 300 ° C
Temperature rising rate: 20 ° C./min Atmosphere: Nitrogen, flow rate = 200 mL / min In the obtained endothermic curve, the peak top temperature of the maximum endothermic peak observed in the range of 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. was taken as the melting point.
(4) Moisture and heat resistance retention rate The fiber or fishing line was put into an autoclave having a humidity of 100% and a temperature of 120 ° C. and treated for 30 minutes. The tensile strength after the treatment was measured according to the above method (2), the fiber strength before the treatment was T, and the fiber strength after the treatment was Ts.
Rs = Ts / T × 100 (%) (2)
[0021]
(5) Tensile strength of net Measured with one piece per section according to JIS-L-1043.
(6) Wet heat tensile strength retention rate The mesh was put into an autoclave at a humidity of 100% and a temperature of 120 ° C. and treated for 30 minutes. The tensile strength of the net after the treatment was measured according to the method (5) above.
The wet heat tensile strength retention ratio Rn was obtained from the following formula (3), where Tb was the strength of the net before treatment and Ta was the strength of the net after treatment.
Rn = Ta / Tb × 100 (%) (3)
[0022]
Example 1
A polyketone polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 5.9, which is a completely alternating copolymer of ethylene and carbon monoxide, prepared by a conventional method, is added to an aqueous solution containing 65% by weight of zinc chloride / 10% by weight of sodium chloride, and then at 80 ° C. for 2 hours. By stirring and dissolving, a dope having a polymer concentration of 8% by weight was obtained.
The obtained dope was heated to 80 ° C. and filtered through a 20 μm filter. After passing through an air gap of 10 mm from a nozzle with a nozzle diameter of 0.10 mm and L / D = 1,250 holes, 5 wt% It was extruded into water at 18 ° C. containing zinc chloride at a discharge rate of 16 cc / min and solidified. Subsequently, the coagulated yarn was washed with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution having a concentration of 2% by weight, further washed with water at 30 ° C., then wound up at a winding speed of 2.5 m / min, and the obtained filament was dried at 220 ° C. Thus, an undrawn yarn was obtained.
This undrawn yarn was stretched at 240 ° C. for the first stage, followed by 260 ° C. for the second stage and 270 ° C. for the third stage for a total stretch of 15 times, for a stretch of 480 dtex / 250 f. I got a thread.
Troubles such as fuzz and yarn breakage did not occur during drawing. The obtained fiber had fiber properties, a high melting point, and excellent performance in wet heat stability.
This stretched yarn was twisted into three strands to produce a twisted yarn. Using this twisted yarn, a Raschel net of 7500 Dr, mesh of 11 nodes, and 100 hooks was made.
[0023]
(Example 2)
An ethylene / propene / carbon monoxide terpolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 5.4 containing 3% by weight of 1-oxo-3-methyltrimethylene unit was prepared by a conventional method. Using this polymer, spinning and drying were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the dope concentration was 10% by weight and the discharge rate was 14 cc / min to obtain an undrawn yarn.
The undrawn yarn was passed through a roll heated to 180 ° C., and then the first stage drawing was performed at 220 ° C. on a hot plate having a length of 1 m in which heated air of 220 ° C. was passed around. The second stage and then the third stage at 245 ° C. were stretched for a total of 14.5 times to obtain a drawn yarn having a fineness of 500 dtex / 250 f.
A Raschel net was made in the same manner as in Example 1 using the drawn yarn.
[0024]
(Example 3)
An ethylene / propene / carbon monoxide terpolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.6 containing 6% by weight of 1-oxo-3-methyltrimethylene unit was prepared by a conventional method. Using this polymer, spinning and drying were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the dope concentration was 22% by weight and the discharge rate was 6 cc / min to obtain an undrawn yarn.
The undrawn yarn was passed through a roll heated to 180 ° C., and then the first stage was drawn at 200 ° C. on a hot plate having a length of 1 m with 200 ° C. heated air flowing around, followed by 215 ° C. The second stage and then the third stage at 225 ° C. were stretched for a total of 12.5 times to obtain a drawn yarn having a fineness of 480 dtex / 250 f.
The strength of the drawn yarn was almost the same as that of nylon 6,6 and fishing nets made therefrom, but was excellent in heat and moisture resistance.
[0025]
Example 4
A Raschel net was made using the twisted yarn produced in Example 1 as the front yarn, and nylon 6.6 fibers (1500 dtex / 250f) produced by a known melt spinning method as the back yarn.
[0026]
(Comparative Example 1)
Using a nylon 6/6 fiber (1500 dtex / 250f) produced by a known melt spinning method, a Raschel net made of only nylon 6/6 fiber was made in the same manner as in Example 1. The strength of the netting is greatly inferior to that of polyketone fibers, and the strength is greatly reduced by wet heat treatment.
(Comparative Example 2)
Polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 7000 prepared by a conventional method is dissolved in DMSO so as to have a concentration of 7% by weight, and spinning, drying and stretching are carried out according to a conventional method using cold methanol as a coagulation bath to obtain a stretched yarn having a fineness of 355 dtex / 250f. It was. A quadruple twist was performed using this drawn yarn to obtain a twisted yarn. Using this twisted yarn, a Raschel net was made in the same manner as in Example 1.
The mechanical properties of the netting were the same as those using polyketone fibers, but the strength was greatly reduced by wet heat treatment.
[0027]
Table 1 summarizes the properties of the fibers used in the above Examples and Comparative Examples.
Table 2 summarizes the performance of the fishing nets produced in the above examples and comparative examples.
[Table 1]
Figure 0004446531
[0028]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004446531
[0029]
Note: ECO = ethylene / carbon monoxide alternating copolymer (melting point 258 ° C)
EPCO (1) = ethylene / propene / carbon monoxide terpolymer (ethylene / CO: propene / CO = 97: 3, melting point 241 ° C. on a weight basis)
EPCO (2) = ethylene / propene / carbon monoxide terpolymer (ethylene / CO: propene / CO = 94: 6, melting point 222 ° C. on a weight basis)
・ PA = nylon 6/6 (Product name: Leona 6/6, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation)
-PVA = polyvinyl alcohol (polymerization degree = 7000, saponification degree = 100%)
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
The fishing net of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance since it contains polyketone fibers that have excellent mechanical properties such as high strength and high elastic modulus and are stable against heat and wet heat.
In particular, fishing nets made of polyketone fibers consisting only of 1-oxotrimethylene with high strength, high elastic modulus, and high heat resistance have high net yarn strength, elastic modulus, heat resistance, and heat and humidity resistance. High mechanical properties and stable fishing performance that could not be obtained with fishing nets made of raw materials.
In addition, the fishing net can be reduced in weight and capacity by making it as strong as the conventional fishing net, and it is expected to improve handling and reduce running water resistance.

Claims (7)

漁獲用網地において、網糸を構成する繊維の少なくとも一部に、オレフィンと一酸化炭素を共重合してなるポリケトンポリマーから構成されたポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維を用い、かつこのポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維が融点240℃以上であり、更には120℃、100%湿度下で30分の湿熱処理後、80%以上の強度保持率を有することを特徴とする漁網。  In fishing nets, polyketone multifilament fibers composed of a polyketone polymer obtained by copolymerizing olefin and carbon monoxide are used as at least a part of the fibers constituting the net yarn, and the polyketone multifilament fibers have a melting point. A fishing net characterized by having a strength retention of 80% or more after a wet heat treatment at 120 ° C and 100% humidity for 30 minutes at 240 ° C or higher. ポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維の強度が5cN/dtex以上、弾性率が100cN/dtex以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の漁網。Strength of the polyketone multifilament fibers 5 cN / dtex or more, a fishing net according to claim 1 Symbol placement elastic modulus and wherein the at 100 cN / dtex or more. ポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維の強度が10cN/dtex以上、弾性率が200cN/dtex以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の漁網。Strength of the polyketone multifilament fibers 10 cN / dtex or more, a fishing net according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elastic modulus is 200 cN / dtex or more. ポリケトンポリマーを構成する繰返単位の97重量%以上が1−オキソトリメチレンであることを特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の漁網。The fishing net according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein 97% by weight or more of the repeating units constituting the polyketone polymer is 1-oxotrimethylene. ポリケトンポリマーを構成する繰返単位が1−オキソトリメチレンのみからなることを特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の漁網。The fishing net according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the repeating unit constituting the polyketone polymer consists only of 1-oxotrimethylene. 網糸を構成する繊維の50重量%以上がポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維であることを特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の漁網。The fishing net according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein 50% by weight or more of the fibers constituting the net yarn are polyketone multifilament fibers. 網糸を構成する繊維がポリケトンマルチフィラメント繊維のみからなることを特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の漁網。The fishing net according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the fibers constituting the net yarn are composed only of polyketone multifilament fibers.
JP34277099A 1999-12-02 1999-12-02 Fishing net Expired - Lifetime JP4446531B2 (en)

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KR101646037B1 (en) * 2014-11-14 2016-08-12 주식회사 효성 Polyketone multifilament
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KR101705648B1 (en) * 2015-05-27 2017-02-10 주식회사 효성 Polyketone sports cord including polyketone fiber method for manufacturing the same
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