JP4411608B2 - High efficiency power generation method and apparatus using gasification melting furnace - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, when generating power using the generated gas obtained by processing waste in a gasification melting furnace as fuel, the corrosive components in the gas are removed in advance, so that the gas-fired boiler at the latter stage is heated at a high temperature and high pressure. The present invention relates to a method for generating steam and generating power with high efficiency.

  Currently, there is a shortage of waste disposal sites, and much of industrial waste or general waste is landfilled as it is or after being incinerated and reduced in volume after some pretreatment. In many cases, final disposal is performed. There are various methods for incineration as described above. In recent years, management of harmful substances such as dioxins in the gas generated in incineration has become a problem, and it is possible to decompose harmful substances in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere. There is a need for a new processing method. In addition, there is a growing need for efficient use of energy generated when processing waste, and there is a high need for highly efficient power generation.

  As a waste treatment method capable of such high-temperature treatment, waste gasification and fusion treatment method in which waste is charged into a pyrolysis melting furnace and dried, preheated, pyrolyzed, combusted, melted, and taken out as slag and metal There is. Various techniques for gasifying and melting wastes have been proposed.

  In Patent Document 1, a gas cooling facility and a dust removal facility are provided after the gas discharge port of the gasification melting furnace, and the exhaust gas at 1000 to 1400 ° C. is cooled to 120 to 200 ° C. by the gas cooling facility and then discharged by the dust removal facility. It describes that dust in gas is separated and the obtained gas is recovered as fuel. However, in this method, the generated gas discharged from the gasification melting furnace is as high as 1000 ° C. or higher, and the generated gas temperature is lowered to 120 to 200 ° C., so that the energy recovery efficiency is low.

In Patent Document 2, when waste combustion gas is heat-recovered with a boiler, the waste tube is supplied to a partial oxidation furnace in order to prevent the boiler tube from being corroded by salt contained in dust in the combustion gas. , Incomplete combustion or partial oxidation with air-based gas whose oxygen concentration is controlled by air or steam or exhaust gas, to produce a combustible gas having an oxygen equivalent concentration of -30 to -2% at the partial oxidation furnace outlet, The combustible gas is introduced into a high-temperature dust removal device at 500 to 800 ° C., the dust concentration is reduced to 0.1 g / Nm ³ or less to reduce the amount of salt in the dust, and the combustible gas after dust removal is burned at a high temperature in a combustion furnace. In addition, a method for treating waste is described in which the heat of the burned gas is recovered by a boiler.

In Patent Document 3, when the waste combustion gas is heat-recovered by the boiler, the waste tube is supplied to the partial oxidation furnace in order to prevent the boiler tube from being corroded by the salt contained in the dust in the combustion gas. Then, incomplete combustion or partial oxidation with air or gas mainly controlled by oxygen or steam or exhaust gas to generate a combustible gas having an oxygen equivalent concentration of -20 to 1% at the furnace outlet, Combustible gas is introduced into a dust removing device at 250 to 450 ° C. to reduce the amount of salt in the dust by setting the dust concentration to 0.1 g / Nm ³ or less, and the combusted gas removed from dust is burned at a high temperature in a combustion furnace. In addition, a waste processing method is described in which the heat of the burned gas is recovered by a boiler.

In patent document 4, when waste combustion gas is heat-recovered with a boiler, in order to prevent that a boiler tube is corroded by the salt contained in the dust in combustion gas, waste is supplied to a partial oxidation furnace. Incomplete combustion or partial oxidation with air or gas mainly controlled by oxygen or steam or exhaust gas to generate a combustible gas having an oxygen equivalent concentration of -20 to 1% at the furnace outlet, and the combustible gas Is introduced into a dust removing device at 250 to 450 ° C. to reduce the amount of salt in the dust by setting the dust concentration to 0.1 g / Nm ³ or less, and then introducing the combustible gas into the wet gas processing device. A waste treatment method is described in which the concentration of hydrogen chloride in the reactor is set to 20 ppm or less, the treated combustible gas is burned at a high temperature in a combustion furnace, and the heat of the burned gas is recovered by a boiler.

Patent Document 5 discloses that incomplete combustion or partial oxidation of a waste in a partial oxidation furnace with a combustion reaction to generate a combustible gas having an oxygen equivalent concentration of -20 to 1% at the furnace outlet, Combustion gas is introduced into a dust removal device at 450 to 650 ° C. to make the dust concentration 0.1 g / Nm ³ or less, and the dust removal combustible gas is burned at a high temperature in a combustion furnace. Method

In Patent Document 6, when waste combustion gas is heat recovered by a boiler, waste is supplied to a partial oxidation furnace in order to prevent the boiler tube from being corroded by salt contained in dust in the combustion gas. Then, incomplete combustion or partial oxidation with air or gas mainly controlled by oxygen or steam or exhaust gas to generate a combustible gas having an oxygen equivalent concentration of -20 to 1% at the furnace outlet, The combustible gas is introduced into the dust removing device at 450 to 650 ° C. to reduce the amount of salt in the dust by setting the dust concentration to 0.1 g / Nm ³ or less, and then the combustible gas is introduced into the wet gas processing device. A waste treatment method is described in which the hydrogen chloride concentration in the combustible gas is set to 20 ppm or less, the treated combustible gas is combusted at a high temperature in a combustion furnace, and the heat of the combusted gas is recovered by a boiler. The

However, those described in Patent Documents 2 to 6 are methods for burning waste using air, so the amount of generated gas increases, the amount of exhaust gas after energy recovery becomes enormous, and energy loss is minimized. It is difficult to plan. In addition, the amount of dust is large and the load on the dust removing device is large. Frequent dust removal is required, and gas calories are reduced. The filter life is shortened. Since the amount of gas increases, the size of the dust removal device increases.
Further, the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 6 are systems for supplying air only to the bottom of the furnace, and supply oxygen necessary for waste gasification to the lower part of the furnace, while controlling the generated gas temperature to the upper part of the furnace. Since the method of supplying oxygen necessary for gas reforming is not adopted, there is a disadvantage that the operation of the furnace cannot be stabilized.

  In Patent Document 7, in a waste pyrolysis treatment facility equipped with a conventional power generation device, the above-described heat transfer tube is prevented in order to prevent high-temperature corrosion of a heat transfer tube of a waste heat boiler due to hydrogen chloride gas contained in the pyrolysis gas. To suppress the surface temperature of the heat tube to 350 ° C. or lower, the combustion condition of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber 4a is set to excess air combustion, and the temperature of the generated combustion gas is set to 800 to 900 ° C. due to the cooling effect of excess air. In order to eliminate the disadvantage that the heat energy recovery efficiency is extremely low because the steam condition of the waste heat boiler is kept low to about 300 ° C. and the steam pressure is about 2 to 2.5 MPa. A combustion apparatus for combusting a product gas from a waste pyrolysis melting furnace, a steam generator for generating steam from combustion exhaust gas from the combustion apparatus, and a turbine using steam from the steam generator In a waste pyrolysis treatment facility equipped with a power generation device that drives and generates electricity, a chlorine compound gas in the combustion gas is removed by adding a dechlorinating agent such as slaked lime powder to the combustion gas after the waste pyrolysis melting furnace A dechlorination mechanism is provided to fix the chlorine compound gas as a solid compound, and the combustion gas containing this solid compound is introduced into a high-temperature dust collector to remove the solid compound, and thus the temperature of the combustion gas supplied to the steam generator Is raised to about 1100 to 1200 ° C, and the generated steam temperature is raised to about 500 ° C.

  However, since the method described in Patent Document 7 uses a desalting agent, the dust concentration becomes high, and since waste is charged directly into the furnace from the top of the melting furnace, dust scattering increases. It is necessary to have a large capacity, and minimization of energy loss cannot be achieved. The method described in Patent Document 7 is a method of supplying air only to the bottom of the furnace, supplying oxygen necessary for waste gasification to the lower part of the furnace, while controlling the generated gas temperature and gas reforming to the upper part of the furnace. Since the method of supplying oxygen necessary for the operation is not employed, the gas temperature at the top of the furnace changes when the processing amount is changed, and the hydrocarbon component contained in the gas also changes. There is a disadvantage that operation is not possible unless the temperature is set to ˜700 ° C. Further, since the dust removal temperature is 500 to 700 ° C., there is a disadvantage that the filter life is remarkably short.

International Publication No. 00/45090 Pamphlet JP 2001-334243 A JP 2000-161638 A JP 2000-161623 A JP 2000-161622 A JP 2000-161637 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-103640

  An object of the present invention is to use a gasification and melting furnace that makes it possible to maximize energy generation efficiency by minimizing energy loss when waste is gasified and melted and boiler power is generated using the generated gas. It is to provide a power generation method. Furthermore, in order to achieve high efficiency in boiler power generation, a gasification and melting furnace that reduces dust removal and achieves stable operation when removing corrosive components such as salt before introducing generated gas into the boiler was used. It is to provide a power generation method.

As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have solved the above problem by lowering the top temperature of the gasification melting furnace as much as possible, specifically by adjusting it to 500 ° C. or more and less than 1000 ° C. Stable operation is possible by maximizing the power generation efficiency in boiler power generation and by reducing the dust removal load by using a gasification melting furnace that reduces the generation of dust other than corrosive components such as salt. The present invention has been completed by finding what can be achieved.
That is, the present invention has a configuration as described below.

(1) In the waste generation method using gasification melting furnace for generating electric power by gasifying melting furnace evolved gas obtained by gasification and melting process is burned in a boiler to generate steam in a steam turbine generator,
The waste is compressed by a compression device so that the density is not less than 2 times and not more than 20 times the density of the waste before compression, to form a compressed block,
In forming the compressed block is charged from the charging hole provided in the lower furnace wall of the upper space of the furnace body into the furnace waste loading layer, without dropping the compressed block, or, under drop distance as charged in less 3m, by controlling the bed height level of waste loading layer by controlling the supply of waste, while maintaining the compressed block-shaped to form a waste loading layer,
Injecting high oxygen concentration gas with an oxygen concentration of 80% or more into the lower part of the gasification melting furnace to directly burn waste to generate gas ,
By partially burning the gas generated from waste by blowing oxygen-containing gas at a position above the waste packed bed,
The generated gas temperature is adjusted to 500 ° C. or more and less than 1000 ° C. and discharged from the top of the furnace ,
After the generated gas discharged from the top of the furnace as it is or after cooling,
Dust is removed by introducing it into a medium-temperature dust remover using a heat-resistant filter,
A power generation method using a gasification melting furnace, wherein the gas after dust removal is supplied to a boiler and combusted to generate steam and generate power by a steam turbine generator .
(2) the waste subjected to blowing by partial combustion of the oxygen-containing gas at a position above the packed bed of, by adjusting the blowing amount of the oxygen-containing gas, the generated gas temperature 500 ° C. or higher, 1000 ° C. The power generation method using the gasification melting furnace as described in (1) above, wherein the gasification melting furnace is adjusted to less than
(3) Power generation using the gasification melting furnace according to (1) or (2) above, wherein an introduction temperature of the generated gas to be introduced into the intermediate temperature dust removing device is 250 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less. Method.
(4) A device for reducing the temperature of the generated gas is disposed between the gasification melting furnace and the intermediate temperature dust removal device or in the generation gas flow path at the top of the gasification melting furnace. A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace described in 1) to (3).

(5) The power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein a device for spraying water is disposed in the upper space of the gasification melting furnace.
(6) The device for reducing the temperature of the generated gas is a water jet type gas cooling device, a water cooling wall / boiler type device, or a device using both of them. A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace described in (4) above.
(7) The bed height level of waste loading layer in furnace measurement and / or calculation, without dropping the compressed block, or, to charged drop under distance as below 3m, the supply of waste A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to any one of (1) to (6) above, wherein the method is controlled.
(8) Checking with the pusher pressure of the pusher for charging the compression block into the furnace and / or confirming that the height level of the waste packed bed in the furnace is a level higher than at least partially covering the charging port. (1) to (1) above, wherein the level of the waste packed bed in the furnace is measured and / or calculated, and the supply of the waste is controlled so that the waste is supplied without dropping in the furnace. ( 6 ) The electric power generation method using the gasification melting furnace as described in.
(9) The gasification melting furnace according to any one of (1) to (8) above, wherein the highest point of the bed height level of the packed bed of waste in the furnace is 6 m or less from the furnace bottom. Power generation method.

(10) An electromagnetic wave transmitter and receiver are installed on the furnace side wall of the furnace, and the height of the waste packed bed is determined by determining the presence or absence of the furnace interior from the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the furnace. The power generation method using the gasification melting furnace as described in (1) to (9) above, wherein the level is measured.
(11) From the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the furnace, the measurement level position when measuring the layer height level of the waste by determining the presence or absence of the furnace interior entry is from the level 3 m below the inlet level. The power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to (10) above, wherein the power generation method is a position up to a level.
(12) A gasification melting furnace for gasifying and melting waste, an intermediate temperature dedusting device for removing dust from the generated gas obtained by the gasification melting processing, a boiler for burning the generated gas after dust removal, and steam generated by the boiler In a power generation apparatus using a gasification melting furnace, comprising a power generator for generating electricity,
The gasification melting furnace compresses the waste to form a compression block compressed to a density of not less than twice and not more than 20 times the density of the waste before compression, and the compression block of the gasification melting furnace Means for charging by controlling the supply amount of waste so that it does not fall into the furnace from the charging port provided in the lower furnace wall of the upper space part or the falling distance is 3 m or less, and the gasification A power generator having means for blowing a high oxygen concentration gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% or more into a lower part of a melting furnace.
(13) The power generator according to (12) above, further comprising means for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the upper space of the gasification melting furnace.
(14) The power generator according to (12) or (13) above, further comprising a device for lowering the temperature of the generated gas obtained by the gasification melting treatment.

  According to the power generation method using the gasification melting furnace of the present invention, it is possible to maximize the power generation end efficiency by minimizing energy loss by using high-temperature generated gas obtained when gasifying and melting waste. it can. Moreover, since the dust removal load is small, stable operation can be achieved.

  The present invention relates to a power generation method using a gasification melting furnace. First, an example of a waste gasification melting treatment method which is a prerequisite technology of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The basic configuration of this method will be described along the flow as follows.
Waste such as municipal waste and industrial waste accumulated in the pits is compressed by the compression device 12 so that the density of the waste is 2 to 20 times, and the compressed block 24 is gas. In the upper space of the chemical melting furnace main body 1, the gas is not dropped into the furnace from the inlet provided on the furnace wall below the generated gas partial combustion section, or the fall distance in the furnace is 3 m or less. Sent to the chemical melting furnace. A lance is arranged at the lower part of the gasification melting furnace (position a in FIG. 1). The lance introduces a high-concentration oxygen gas 21 into the furnace, and the high-concentration oxygen gas 21 gasses carbon in the waste. To produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Further, since high-temperature steam is present, a water gas reaction occurs between carbon and steam, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide are generated. Further, organic compounds (such as hydrocarbons) also react with water vapor to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The oxygen-containing gas 22 is blown from a position above the waste charging level (position b in FIG. 1), and the gas generated from the waste is partially burned and discharged as generated gas 2 from the top of the furnace. At this time, the supply amount of the oxygen-containing gas 22 supplied from the position b is adjusted so that the generated gas temperature is 500 ° C. or higher and lower than 1000 ° C.

  On the other hand, the melt produced in the lower part of the gasification melting furnace flows out from the gasification melting furnace to the homogenization furnace 13. This melt is mainly composed of molten metal and molten slag, but is separated by specific gravity by taking a sufficient residence time in the homogenizing furnace 13. The melt flows down to the granulation system and is cooled and solidified, and the metal / slag mixture is separated into metal and slag by magnetic separation. The recovered metal and slag can be used as resources.

Next, the process of the power generation method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The generated gas 2 from the gasification melting furnace 1 is supplied as it is to a medium temperature dust removal device 4 using a heat-resistant filter, or is generated in a temperature reducing tower 3 provided between the gasification melting furnace 1 and the medium temperature dust removal device 4. The temperature of the generated gas is lowered by, for example, injecting water into the gas 2 and then supplied to the intermediate temperature dust removing device 4. Although the generated gas 2 is cooled in consideration of the heat resistance of the intermediate temperature dust removal device 4, the temperature of the generated gas exiting the intermediate temperature dust removal device 4 is preferably higher, so that it depends on the heat resistance of the filter material. To set the cooling temperature.

The generated gas from which the dust has been removed by the medium temperature dust removing device 4 is supplied to a gas-fired boiler 5 and combusted to generate steam. The generated steam drives the turbine in the steam turbine generator 6 to generate electricity.
Dust separated by the intermediate temperature dust removal device 4 is detoxified by the fly ash DXNs volatilization / desorption separator 11 which distills and desorbs dioxins and other organic compounds in the fly ash at a high temperature and moves to exhaust gas. It is recovered as ash and used as a raw material for Yamamoto reduction.

  The combustion gas generated in the gas-fired boiler 5 is cooled by a temperature reducing tower, and then added with slaked lime to fix the chlorine compound gas in the combustion gas, which is supplied to the bag filter 8 and solids such as desalted residue Minutes are removed. Then, after heating with a reheater, in the catalyst reaction apparatus 10, after removing harmful gas, it discharge | releases as waste gas.

  In the present invention, the waste is compressed by a compression device so that the density of the waste before compression is not less than 2 times and not more than 20 times to form a compression block, and the compression block is a lower part of the upper space portion of the furnace body. The gas is supplied to the gasification and melting furnace without being dropped into the furnace from the charging port provided on the furnace wall, or so that the falling distance in the furnace is 3 m or less.

By using the compression block, the compression block functions as a gas seal, and it is possible to prevent the harmful gas such as CO from flowing back to the waste pit from the gasification melting furnace.
In addition, since the waste is compressed into blocks, it can be prevented that the waste is scattered and dust is scattered when the waste is charged into the furnace. For this reason, the amount of dust generation is reduced, and the load on the intermediate-temperature dust removal device at the subsequent stage can be reduced. Furthermore, by making the waste into a compression block, the air permeability of the waste-filled layer in the furnace is improved, so that not only can the gas blow out and channeling be prevented, but the amount of dust scattered can be reduced. Since the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the waste-filled layer can be maintained satisfactorily, the lower limit value of the generated gas temperature can be lowered.

  Here, the compression density is set to 2 times or more and 20 times or less and the drop distance is set to 3 m or less when the compression density is 2 times or more and the drop distance is 3 m or less from the gasification melting furnace. This is because the amount of dust discharged along with the gas is sufficiently small. In addition, when the compression density was 20 times or more, the effect was saturated, so 20 times or less was set.

In the present invention, coke is not used as a combustion auxiliary agent, and a high oxygen concentration gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% or more by volume ratio is used. This is because coke is expensive and it is desirable not to use it because it becomes a source of carbon dioxide that causes global warming.
In the gasification melting furnace according to the present invention, as described above, auxiliary fuel having a high calorific value such as coke is not used. Therefore, the oxygen concentration is 80 to increase the temperature before tuyere and melt the slag. % Of high oxygen concentration gas is blown. The reason for setting the oxygen concentration to 80% or more is that it is difficult to stably melt the slag at an oxygen concentration lower than this.

  In the present invention, a waste packed bed is formed in the lower part of the furnace, and the waste is partially combusted and gasified by blowing a high oxygen concentration gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% in the lower part of the packed bed. In this case, since the amount of waste supplied is measured by measuring the level of the packed bed and only a reduced amount is supplied, basically, inevitably the amount of high oxygen concentration gas blown from the lower part of the packed bed gasses the waste. It is a considerable amount to make it. Accordingly, the amount of gas passing through the packed bed is necessarily minimized.

  By using a high oxygen concentration gas with an oxygen concentration of 80% or more as a combustion aid, the amount of gas passing through the packed bed can be reduced compared to the case of using air, so the gas flow in the packed bed is stabilized. And instability of gas blow-through and unloading can be prevented. Further, since the oxygen concentration is high, the combustion efficiency is increased and the gas entrained particles are reduced, so that the load on the dust removing device is reduced, and the dust removing device can be downsized. When the oxygen concentration is less than 80%, the amount of gas that rises in the packed bed increases and the gas velocity increases, so that gas blow-out and channeling in the packed bed are likely to occur, and the amount of dust scattered increases. The furnace top temperature cannot be lowered.

  In the present invention, the total energy loss is minimized by increasing the top temperature to 500 ° C. or more and less than 1000 ° C. without increasing the furnace top temperature more than necessary, that is, the high molecular weight hydrocarbon remains in a gaseous state, that is, Since it is introduced into the dust remover at an intermediate temperature, tar can be taken along with the generated gas through the dust remover for boiler combustion. Thereby, the latent heat of tar can be recovered by the boiler, and the power generation end efficiency is not lowered. In addition, there is no problem of tar clogging in the dust removal system.

When the furnace top temperature is 1000 ° C. or higher, the partial combustion amount of the synthesis gas increases, so that the gas calorie is reduced, and the energy loss is increased. In addition, the heat dissipated from the top portion of the furnace is increased, the amount of heat recovered in the subsequent boiler is reduced, and the power generation end efficiency is finally lowered.
The reason why the temperature is 500 ° C. or higher is that when the temperature is lower than 500 ° C., the hydrocarbons are not sufficiently decomposed and cannot be kept in the gaseous state at the intermediate temperature dust removal temperature. In addition, in a gasification melting furnace having a packed bed height of several meters or less, it is substantially difficult to control the generated gas temperature to be less than 500 ° C.

  The generated gas discharged from the gasification melting furnace is directly or after cooling, and then introduced into a medium temperature dust removing device using a heat-resistant material as a filter material for dust removal. By removing dust, carbon-based dust such as soot, ash such as silica and alumina, and solids such as salt such as NaCl and KCl are removed. As a result, adhesion of these dusts to the boiler tube in the subsequent boiler is remarkably reduced, and not only the heat recovery efficiency is improved, but also the corrosion of the boiler can be prevented because salts are removed. The pressure can be set high, improving the power generation efficiency.

In the present invention, partial combustion is performed by blowing an oxygen-containing gas at a position above the waste packed bed, and the generated gas temperature is adjusted to 500 ° C. or higher and lower than 1000 ° C. Since the oxygen-containing gas blown into the upper part of the furnace is exclusively used to control the generated gas temperature, the generated gas temperature can be adjusted completely independently of the waste treatment amount. That is, the temperature can be lowered by reducing the amount of oxygen-containing gas, and the temperature can be raised by increasing the amount of oxygen-containing gas.

  In addition, the components, heat amount, and supply amount of the waste inevitably fluctuate during operation, but fluctuations in the generated gas temperature caused by these are suppressed by the oxygen-containing gas amount and controlled to a substantially constant value. Therefore, it is possible to easily control the gas introduction temperature to the intermediate temperature dust removing device at the subsequent stage.

  In order to adjust the generated gas temperature to 500 ° C. or more and less than 1000 ° C., the high melting point hydrocarbon component having a relatively large molecular weight contained in the gas from the packed bed is decomposed, and the tar adheres to the dust removing device provided in the subsequent stage. Can be prevented. However, if blow-through and fluidization occur in the packed bed, the temperature does not drop below a certain temperature. From the viewpoint of temperature control, it is preferable to prevent blow-through and fluidization of the packed bed.

In the present invention, since the waste is charged from the vicinity of the upper end of the packed bed, the ambient temperature at the waste charging position is not as high as the generated gas temperature. For this reason, since the gas in the atmosphere is a gas having a certain low temperature after heat exchange in the packed bed, rapid gasification at the charging position can be avoided. Furthermore, dust generation due to rapid gasification can be suppressed, and the load of dust removal at the subsequent stage can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the waste is charged from the upper end of the packed bed, it is heated at the charging position, and the gasified gas always passes through the higher temperature part at the top of the furnace. It is possible to ensure that a gas in which a large high melting point hydrocarbon component is decomposed is supplied.

  The temperature of the generated gas introduced into the medium temperature dust remover is preferably 250 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower. If the gas introduction temperature is less than 250 ° C., the temperature difference from the generated gas temperature increases, and the amount of heat recovery decreases accordingly. In addition, the components contained in the generated gas adhere to the intermediate temperature dust removal device as tar due to a decrease in temperature, resulting in an increase in the rate of increase in pressure loss of the intermediate temperature dust removal device. Therefore, the gas introduction temperature to the medium temperature dust remover was set to 250 ° C. or higher. When the gas introduction temperature exceeds 500 ° C., the filter of the medium temperature dust remover is corroded by the ash in the gas, and the life of the filter is remarkably shortened. Therefore, the gas introduction temperature to the medium temperature dust remover is set to 500 ° C. or less. Moreover, since it is necessary for this invention to remove salts, such as NaCl and KCl which are corrosive components of a boiler tube, with a medium temperature dust remover, it is comprised in the temperature range in which these salts are solid.

  However, the higher the gas introduction temperature, the better the heat recovery efficiency. Therefore, if a filter material that does not erode even if a gas exceeding 500 ° C. can be used, the gas introduction temperature to the medium temperature dust removal device is 500 ° C. It goes without saying that it may be exceeded. As the filter material, a ceramic filter is preferably used from the viewpoint of heat resistance and corrosion resistance, but the material is not limited as long as it has heat resistance and corrosion resistance.

As shown in FIG. 2, a specific method for adjusting the introduction temperature of the generated gas to the intermediate temperature dust remover to 250 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less is to reduce the temperature between the gasification melting furnace and the intermediate temperature dust remover. A device for lowering the temperature of the generated gas, such as a tower, is disposed, or a gas cooling device 25 for decreasing the temperature of the generated gas is disposed in the generated gas flow path at the top of the gasification melting furnace as shown in FIG. This is a desirable embodiment of the present invention. Thereby, the introduction temperature of the generated gas to the intermediate temperature dust remover can be reliably adjusted to 250 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less.

  As another generated gas temperature lowering means, there is a method of lowering the gas temperature by providing a water spray device 26 in the upper space of the gasification melting furnace as shown in FIG. When such a device is used, the entire device becomes more compact than installing a separate gas cooling device, and part of the dust generated when cooling the gas falls into the furnace, which is usually necessary. A dust discharge device is also unnecessary.

  The apparatus for lowering the temperature of the generated gas is not particularly limited. For example, a water jet type gas cooling apparatus can be used. Use of the water jet type gas cooling device is advantageous when the gas temperature on the outlet side of the cooling device can be adjusted by the water spray amount, and the generated gas temperature fluctuates. Further, when a water-cooled wall / boiler type device is used as the cooling device, the sensible heat of the gas can be recovered and effectively used.

Here, the water-cooled wall / boiler type device is a device that recovers the heat of the generated gas with a refrigerant in a heat exchanger such as a water-cooled wall, and the recovered heat can be effectively used in a subsequent boiler-turbine type power generator. is there. Further, by using a water jet type gas cooling device and a water cooling wall / boiler type device in combination, the advantages of both can be utilized. In this case, a combination of water spray in the top space of the gas melting furnace and a water-cooled wall / boiler type temperature reducing tower between the gasification melting furnace and the medium temperature dust removal unit may be used. You may install both a water-cooled wall / boiler type cooling device and water spray in the temperature-decreasing tower.

In the present invention, a waste compression block is supplied into the furnace from an inlet provided on the furnace wall below the reforming section of the furnace body so that the fall distance in the furnace is 3 m or less, or By supplying the product without dropping it, the waste is prevented from scattering in the furnace.
Specifically, the following (1) or (2) is performed.

(1) Scattering is prevented by adjusting the packed bed level so that the packed bed level in the furnace does not exceed 3 m from the furnace wall inlet. Here, the fall distance refers to a vertical distance between the lower end of the waste immediately before the waste falls into the furnace and the position of the waste charging surface.
(2) Scattering is prevented by adjusting the packed bed level so that part of the packed bed level in the furnace is above the bottom of the inlet.

By controlling the density and the fall distance as described above, the waste can maintain a compressed shape even when entering the furnace interior, so that not only the formation of bridges is reduced, but also the deviation is reduced, and the blow-through is reduced. Less.
The detection of the packed bed level can be performed as follows.
a. The level of the packed bed is directly detected by a level meter using a microwave or the like.
b. The packed bed level is detected by the pusher pressure when inserted into the furnace.
c. The packed bed level is obtained by calculation.

The method for compressing the waste is preferably batch compression by an extrusion method.
When a continuous compression device such as screw compression is used, the size of the compression block is small, and the strength of the compression block is also weakened. In order to increase the form of the compression block, a batch-type compression method is preferable. Further, in order to charge the melting furnace while maintaining the compression form, it is preferable to extrude and charge it as it is. When the direction of compression and the direction of extrusion are the same direction, the gas-sealing property by a compression block improves.

The size of the compressed block is such that the height is 0.1 m or more and 1 m or less, the width is 0.1 m or more, preferably 0.3 m or more and the inner width of the furnace is preferable, and the length is 0.1 m or more and 1 m or less. .
The compression shape does not have to be rectangular, but when it is increased in order to increase the processing capability, it is better to have a flat plate shape. Moreover, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of air permeability that the compression block at the time of charging into the melting furnace becomes too large.

  When the size of the compressed block is less than 0.1 m in height, the dust scattering rate increases. If the height of the compressed block exceeds 1 m, the upper part of the compressed block is crushed at the time of charging. Further, when the width of the compressed block is less than 0.1 m, the dust scattering rate increases. Unlike the height, the width is more preferably 0.3 m or more because there are few problems of crushing due to dropping during charging. When the width of the compression block is larger than the diameter in the furnace, the compression block is crushed at the time of charging.

  The compression block is preferably moved with an inclination so that the shape can be maintained as much as possible before being charged into the furnace. Moreover, it is preferable that the level difference between the layer height in the furnace and the compression block is small. The level can be measured continuously or intermittently over the charging time interval, but it is also possible to calculate the level by calculation. The level is calculated by, for example, calculating the total retention amount (waste + gas amount)-generated amount (generated gas amount, generated water amount, generated melt amount), etc. It is also possible to use a method of obtaining the level deviation from

The compression block is preferably charged into the gasification and melting furnace by providing an inlet in the furnace wall portion between the upper part of the deposition layer in the furnace and the generated gas partial combustion section of the furnace. This is because dropping distance increases when thrown from the top of the furnace, and blocks formed by compression are easily broken when dropped.
The highest point of the layer height level of the waste in the furnace is preferably 6 m or less from the bottom of the furnace. This is because a high layer height increases the possibility of bridges (shelf hanging). When the bed height is low, the gas is melted and gasified in a short time, so that the pulverization is small, the packed bed pressure is low, the crushing is small, and the pulverization is reduced.

  FIG. 4 shows an example in which the waste compression block does not fall in the furnace. As shown in FIG. 4, in the tunnel-type heating furnace, the bottom surface of the furnace is inclined downward toward the waste inlet side of the furnace, and a part of the packed bed level in the furnace is above the bottom of the inlet. The packed bed level is adjusted so that the compression block is supplied to the furnace without falling.

  Moreover, when the highest point of the bed height level in the steady state of the waste in the furnace exceeds 6 m from the bottom of the furnace, it is not easy for the unsteady state that reaches the level management position in the furnace to return to the steady state. . In addition, when the sedimentary layer becomes higher, the part of high pressure loss due to carbonized and molten waste becomes longer, which causes abnormal drop of the waste (shelf hanging) and blow-through, and eventually crushes the compression block and increases the amount of dust scattering. Leads to.

  The tunnel furnace may be formed so as to have a downward slope at the outlet inside the furnace. By making it incline downward, the crushing of the compression block due to a drop during charging can be prevented. Moreover, by making it incline downward, a space | gap is vacant in the upper part of a compression block, and it becomes easy to receive radiant heat, and also the gas produced | generated by drying or thermal decomposition also flows easily.

In the present invention, as described above, it is necessary that the fall distance of the waste in the furnace is 3 m or less.
For this reason, the layer height level of the deposited layer in the furnace of the waste is detected using a level sensor, and the predetermined layer height level is reached after a predetermined time has elapsed from the time calculated by dividing the amount of compressed material by the set processing speed. If there is no detection, the judgment is made to push out the compressed block, and the charging amount is controlled.
Further, when the level sensor is not installed, it is calculated whether or not the level to be managed is high, and the same control is performed. The level is calculated by, for example, calculating the total retention amount (waste + gas amount)-generated amount (generated gas amount, generated water amount, generated melt amount), etc. It is also possible to use a method of obtaining the level deviation from

  Since the gas generation amount is preferably uniform, it is also preferable to uniform the charging speed. For this reason, it is preferable to push the waste compression block into the melting furnace in a stepwise manner from the insertion port. When a plurality of waste masses are charged at a time, the amount of generated gas varies greatly.

A method for equalizing the charging speed will be described.
When the level sensor that detects the layer height management level (hereinafter referred to as SL) of the deposited layer is used to detect that the layer height level is below SL (hereinafter referred to as SL detection), An example of a method for equalizing the charging speed in the layer high level management method based on charging one or more times as necessary until there is no more will be described.
Assuming that the set waste processing amount W (kg / s) and the waste amount w (kg / time) for one press, the average charging interval t (sec / time) is defined by a value obtained by dividing w by W. When the elapsed time from the previous charging is T (sec), the next charging timing is T = a ₁ t to a ₂ t (a ₁ = 0.1 to 1, a ₂ = 1 to 10). Like that.
Immediately after charging, even if SL detection or 1 charging does not exceed SL, it waits until T = a ₁ t until the next charging, so that the charging interval is increased and continuous charging is prevented. To do. Moreover, even if the level does not easily drop due to shelf hanging or the like, and there is no SL detection even if T = a ₂ t is exceeded, it is loaded once. Thereafter, if there is no further a ₂ t (sec) SL detection, the charging is repeated once. In this way, the shelf hanging of the charge collapses, and even if the level drops at a stroke, the next continuous charging can be avoided, and the gas generation amount can be made uniform.

  In carrying out the present invention, in the gasification melting furnace, it is preferable to make the furnace diameter of the upper furnace space larger than the furnace diameter at the position of the waste charging portion. By doing in this way, since the superficial velocity above a reaction furnace falls, the amount of scattered particles can be reduced.

Next, a method for detecting the layer height level of the charge in the melting furnace will be specifically described.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic partial sectional view of a furnace body provided with a layer high level detection device that can be used in the present invention. In the figure, a furnace body 31 is composed of a refractory 32 and a furnace body casing (iron skin) 33 covering the refractory 32, and an electromagnetic wave transmitter 36 and an electromagnetic wave receiver 37 are connected to a measurement nozzle 35 provided on a measurement seat 34 on the side of the furnace body. Are provided opposite to each other. Microwaves are preferably used as the electromagnetic waves. The microwave output is preferably a high output of 0.5 kW or more. Preferably, the measurement nozzle 35 is filled with a heat-resistant refractory fiber material such as a ceramic fiber or a molded product thereof so that the transmitter and the receiver are not affected by the heat in the furnace. Put a lid on to prevent leakage of furnace gas. Further, if necessary, the transmitter and the receiver may be cooled by purging with nitrogen gas or air.

  The above-described example is a penetration type that receives a microwave transmitted from a transmitter and penetrates the inside of the furnace with a receiver, but uses a reflection type transceiver that integrates the transmitter and the receiver, You may measure by providing this transmitter / receiver by providing only one measurement port in the furnace wall.

  Although FIG. 6 shows the combination of the electromagnetic wave receiver and the electromagnetic wave transmitter provided in two stages in the longitudinal direction of the furnace body, three or more stages may be provided. In the case where a plurality of stages are provided, the upper limit of the attachment position is preferably the height at which the charged material is most likely to accumulate (lower morning glory or lower morning glory), and the lower limit is the upper main tuyere. The mounting position may be any height and any number of stages as long as it is in the middle.

  In the illustrated example, an opening is not provided in the refractory of the mounting seat portion of the electromagnetic wave transmitter and receiver, and the electromagnetic wave is detected through the refractory of the furnace body. This is because if the opening is provided, scattered matter in the furnace adheres to the opening and accumulates, making measurement impossible.

  In addition, when a transmitter and a receiver are provided in the opening of the furnace body that has already been provided with an opening, the opening is filled with a padding such as a heat-resistant refractory material, and the scattered matter in the furnace adheres.・ Do not deposit. By doing as described above, it is possible to detect the layer height stably over a long period of time, and it is possible to extend the service life of the device and greatly reduce maintenance work.

  It is preferable to use a high-output electromagnetic wave transmitter, and it is preferable to use a high-sensitivity electromagnetic wave receiver. The installation level of the transmitter / receiver pair (height of the mounting seat) is determined according to the layer height management value, but not only at one location (one level), but also of the layer height management value according to the operation status. In order to respond to a change or to enable detection of a plurality of points, it can be installed at a plurality of locations (plural levels).

  In the case of using microwaves as electromagnetic waves, if the molten slag adheres to the furnace inner surface of the heat-blocking brick, it becomes the biggest cause that the reliability of the microwave waste charge level detection value itself is not ensured. . In order to ensure this reliability, the apparatus shown in FIG. 7 does not include a heat-blocking brick that protects the microwave transmission apparatus and the microwave reception apparatus from the high-temperature atmosphere in the melting furnace. The distal end portion of the waveguide of the transmission device is extended to the inner wall portion of the furnace brick of the melting furnace.

  The furnace wall is composed of an in-furnace brick 47 and an iron skin 48, and a water-cooled tube 44 is provided through the furnace wall. A heat-resistant brick 49 is provided at the furnace inner end of the water-cooled tube 44, and a waveguide guide pipe 43 is provided inside the water-cooled tube 44. A waveguide 42 for guiding the microwave transmitted from the microwave transmission device 41 is slidably inserted into the waveguide guide pipe 43. The microwave transmission device 41 is provided so as to be movable so as to be in the maintenance position shown in the figure when not measured and in the measurement position shown in the figure when measuring.

  Then, in order to remove the molten slag adhering to the tip of the waveguide 42 of the microwave transmitter 41, the microwave transmitter 41 connected to the rear end of the waveguide 42 for microwave transmission, By advancing about 50 mm from the measurement position to the advance limit position, the molten slag adhering to the tip of the waveguide is removed.

  Further, in order to complement the function of removing the molten slag adhering to the tip portion of the waveguide 42 of the microwave transmission device 41 and to cool the waveguide together, the waveguide of the microwave transmission device 41 Purge with nitrogen gas as an inert gas from a purge nitrogen gas pipe connected to 42.

  As described above, the microwave transmission device is provided so as to be movable, and the water cooling pipe, the nitrogen gas pipe for purging, and the heat-proof brick are provided, so that the cooling effect and heat resistance of the microwave transmission device are improved, and dust is reduced. And gas intrusion can be prevented.

Another example of the device for detecting the level will be described with reference to FIG.
An electromagnetic wave waveguide also serving as a pair of burner gas introduction pipes is provided through the furnace wall made of heat shielding bricks. A pair of the electromagnetic wave transmitting device and the electromagnetic wave receiving device is disposed opposite to each other on the furnace wall below the melting furnace charging inlet. Although the figure shows the case where electromagnetic waves are transmitted horizontally, the electromagnetic waves do not necessarily have to be transmitted horizontally, and should be set appropriately according to the setting of the accumulation level of the charge to be detected and the restrictions on the equipment. That's fine. However, it is preferable to transmit the electromagnetic waves horizontally in order to shorten the transmission distance of the electromagnetic waves and improve the detection accuracy.

The combustion burner preferably has a multi-tube structure as shown in the figure. The inner tube of the multi-tube is used as a fuel gas introduction tube and an electromagnetic wave waveguide, and the outer tube is used as an air or oxygen introduction tube. In addition, the outer tube has a structure that can be cooled by cooling water. And it connects to an electromagnetic wave transmitter or an electromagnetic wave receiver in the back | latter stage of the inner tube | pipe of a combustion burner.
By adopting the configuration as described above, the burner flame can prevent the molten slag from entering and adhering to the waveguide tip (furnace inner wall side), and can prevent clogging of the tip. .
In order to facilitate maintenance, the electromagnetic wave transmitter and the electromagnetic wave receiver may be provided so as to be movable back and forth as illustrated.

When a microwave is used as the electromagnetic wave, the frequency of the microwave is preferably 8 to 30 GHz. By using such a frequency, there is no influence on detection accuracy due to interference between the microwave and the flame plasma. That is, the burner flame is a plasma, and it is generally known that a plasma has a plasma frequency unique to its type and shields electromagnetic waves having a lower frequency. The electron density (ne) [cm ⁻³ ] of the burner flame plasma is about 10 ⁸ , and from this, the plasma frequency (fp) can be calculated by fp = 9 × 10 ³ × ne ^1/2 and is about 90 MHz. Become. On the other hand, when a microwave having a much higher frequency of 8 to 30 GHz is used, problems such as interruption by flame do not occur. As a result of experimentally confirming how much attenuation of the microwave intensity is caused by the flame using a microwave level meter, the microwave intensity is almost constant regardless of the presence or absence of the burner flame (although attenuation during burner ignition is not zero) It was found that can be secured.

  The gas seal mechanism provided in the waveguide shown in FIG. 8 is specifically a plug, and when introducing the burner gas, the microwave is transmitted between the burner gas inlet and the microwave transmitter or receiver, but the gas is transmitted. Has a blocking function. By providing this plug, burner gas can be prevented from entering the microwave transmitter or receiver, and explosion of the combustible gas in the transmitter and receiver can be prevented. As a material for the stopper, for example, a synthetic resin can be used.

  When introducing the burner gas into the waveguide, a large number of small holes are formed around the waveguide to ensure gas introduction and reduce the loss of microwaves. Microwave leakage occurs when there is an opening having a wavelength longer than the wavelength of the microwave. Therefore, in order to prevent loss due to the opening, it is necessary to make the opening sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of the microwave.

  The microwave transmitted from the microwave transmitter is received by the microwave receiver, and the attenuation of the microwave is measured. At this time, when the microwave transmitted from the microwave transmitter is received by the microwave receiver without passing through the compressed waste accumulated in the melting furnace, the attenuation amount of the microwave is slight. On the other hand, when the microwave passes through the compressed waste and is received by the microwave receiver, the attenuation amount of the microwave changes according to the transmission distance in the compressed waste.

  That is, the longer the distance that the microwave passes through the compressed waste, the greater the attenuation of the microwave. Therefore, a threshold value is set in advance, and the measured value of attenuation of microwave is compared with the threshold value. When the measured value of attenuation exceeds the threshold value, the compressed waste in the melting furnace Is determined to have reached a predetermined deposition level.

  As described above, in the present invention, the measured value of the attenuation amount of the microwave is compared with the threshold value, so that the compression waste accumulation level can be increased by only using a pair of the microwave transmission device and the microwave reception device. Can be detected.

  The above-described example is a penetration type that receives a microwave transmitted from a transmitter and penetrates the inside of the furnace with a receiver, but uses a reflection type transceiver that integrates the transmitter and the receiver, You may measure by providing this transmitter / receiver by providing only one measurement port in the furnace wall. The feed-through type has the advantage that the microwave path is short, so that the attenuation of the signal is small and it is difficult to receive noise, but it is necessary to provide two measurement ports. In addition, the reflective type requires only one measurement port, so there are fewer restrictions on the installation location than the penetration type, but the signal reciprocates in the furnace, so there are drawbacks of signal attenuation and noise. .

  FIG. 5 shows the power generation end efficiency when power is generated using a furnace with a waste treatment amount of 250 t / d. The treated waste has a moisture content of 51% and a lower heating value of 9.2 MJ / kg. The waste was charged into a compression block at a compression density of 10 times, and charged into a gasification melting furnace at a fall distance of 1 m. As the high oxygen concentration gas for burning the waste and the oxygen-containing gas for adjusting the generated gas temperature, a gas having an oxygen concentration of 90% (volume ratio) and a nitrogen concentration of 10% (volume ratio) was used. Adjustment of the gas introduction temperature to the medium temperature dust remover was performed using a water spray type temperature reducing tower. The power generation end efficiency is a percentage value obtained by dividing the power generation amount by the calorific value of the waste supplied. It can be seen that the lower the generated gas temperature and the higher the gas introduction temperature to the medium temperature dust removal device, the higher the power generation end efficiency. In the comparative example when the gas introduction temperature to the medium temperature dust removal device exceeds 500 ° C, the power generation end efficiency is high, but the medium temperature dust removal filter deteriorates quickly, and it is necessary to replace the filter frequently, and stable operation is difficult. there were. Further, in the comparative example where the temperature is less than 250 ° C., tar content adheres to the filter, and it is necessary to frequently replace or clean the filter. In this case as well, stable operation is difficult.

  In the power generation method of the present invention, the generated gas obtained by gasifying and melting the waste is used as fuel gas, and on the other hand, slag and metal can be recovered and recycled. The technology is excellent in terms of protection and energy use, and its industrial applicability is high.

It is a figure explaining the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the method of gasifying-melting a waste material. It is a figure which shows an example of the method to cool the generated gas in this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the method to cool the generated gas in this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between furnace top temperature, dust removal temperature, and generating end efficiency. It is a figure which shows the measuring method of the layer high level used in this invention. It is a figure which shows the measuring method of the layer high level used in this invention. It is a figure which shows the measuring method of the layer high level used in this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification melting furnace 2 Generated gas 3 Temperature reduction tower 4 Medium temperature dust removal device 5 Gas cooking boiler 6 Steam turbine generator 7 Temperature reduction tower 8 Bag filter 9 Reheater 10 Catalytic reaction device 11 Fly ash DXN volatile desorption decomposition equipment DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Compressor 13 Homogenization furnace 21 High oxygen concentration gas 22 Oxygen-containing gas 23 Fuel 24 Compression block 25 Gas cooling device 26 installed in gas flow path Water spraying device 27 Heating furnace 31 Furnace body 32 Refractory material 33 Furnace body casing (iron leather)
34 Measuring seat 35 Measuring nozzle 36 Electromagnetic wave transmitter 37 Electromagnetic wave receiver 41 Microwave transmitter 42 Waveguide 43 Waveguide guide pipe 44 Water cooling pipe 45 Gas seal mechanism 46 Ball valve 47 Brick in the furnace 48 Iron skin 49 Heat-proof brick 50 Waveguide slag removal position 51 Measurement position

Claims (14)

In waste generation method using gasification melting furnace for generating electric power by the generator gas obtained by gasification and melting process with gasification and melting furnace and burned in a boiler to produce steam the steam turbine generator,
The waste is compressed by a compression device so that the density is not less than 2 times and not more than 20 times the density of the waste before compression, to form a compressed block,
In forming the compressed block is charged from the charging hole provided in the lower furnace wall of the upper space of the furnace body into the furnace waste loading layer, without dropping the compressed block, or, under drop distance as charged in less 3m, by controlling the bed height level of waste loading layer by controlling the supply of waste, while maintaining the compressed block-shaped to form a waste loading layer,
Injecting high oxygen concentration gas with an oxygen concentration of 80% or more into the lower part of the gasification melting furnace to directly burn waste to generate gas ,
By partially burning the gas generated from waste by blowing oxygen-containing gas at a position above the waste packed bed,
The generated gas temperature is adjusted to 500 ° C. or more and less than 1000 ° C. and discharged from the top of the furnace ,
After the generated gas discharged from the top of the furnace as it is or after cooling,
Dust is removed by introducing it into a medium-temperature dust remover using a heat-resistant filter,
A power generation method using a gasification melting furnace, wherein the gas after dust removal is supplied to a boiler and combusted to generate steam and generate power by a steam turbine generator . 2. The power generation method using a gasification melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the generated gas temperature is adjusted to 500 ° C. or higher and lower than 1000 ° C. by adjusting a blowing amount of the oxygen-containing gas. The power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature of the generated gas introduced into the intermediate temperature dust removing device is 250 ° C or higher and 500 ° C or lower.   4. A device for lowering the temperature of the generated gas is disposed between the gasification melting furnace and the intermediate temperature dust removal device or in a generation gas flow path at the top of the gasification melting furnace. A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to any one of the above.   The power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a device for spraying water is disposed in the upper space of the gasification melting furnace.   5. The apparatus for reducing the temperature of the generated gas is a water jet type gas cooling apparatus, a water cooling wall / boiler type apparatus, or an apparatus using both of them. A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace described in 1. The bed height of the level of waste packed bed in the furnace measurement and / or calculation, without dropping the compressed block, or, to charged drop under distance as below 3m, controlling the supply of waste A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Confirming that the height of the waste packed bed in the furnace is higher than at least partly covering the inlet by checking the pusher pressure of the pusher charging the compression block into the furnace and / or in the furnace the bed height level of waste loading layer measurements and / or calculations, claim 1-6, characterized in that for controlling the supply of waste so supplied without dropping the waste in the furnace A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace described in 1. The power generation method using a gasification melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the highest point of the layer height level of the waste packed bed in the furnace is 6 m or less from the furnace bottom. An electromagnetic wave transmitter and receiver are installed on the side wall of the furnace body, and the height of the waste packed bed is measured by judging the presence or absence of a furnace interior from the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the furnace. A power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 9. From the intensity of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the furnace, it is determined whether or not there is an entrance to the furnace interior and the height level of the waste packed bed is measured. The power generation method using the gasification melting furnace according to claim 10 , wherein Power generation using gasification melting furnace for gasifying and melting waste, medium temperature dust removal device for removing dust from gas generated by gasification melting processing, boiler for burning generated gas after dust removal, and steam generated by boiler In a power generator using a gasification melting furnace, comprising a generator to
The gasification melting furnace compresses the waste to form a compression block compressed to a density of not less than twice and not more than 20 times the density of the waste before compression, and the compression block of the gasification melting furnace Means for charging by controlling the supply amount of waste so that it does not fall into the furnace from the charging port provided in the lower furnace wall of the upper space part or the falling distance is 3 m or less, and the gasification A power generator having means for blowing a high oxygen concentration gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% or more into a lower part of a melting furnace.   The power generator according to claim 12, further comprising means for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into an upper space of the gasification melting furnace.   The power generator according to claim 12 or 13, further comprising a device for reducing the temperature of the generated gas obtained by the gasification melting treatment.

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