CN114231299A - Dry quenching boiler tube explosion detection positioning device and safety control method - Google Patents
Dry quenching boiler tube explosion detection positioning device and safety control method Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
Abstract
The invention relates to a pipe burst detection positioning device of a coke dry quenching boiler, which comprises a coke dry quenching furnace, a pre-storage chamber pressure measuring point, a primary dust removal, a boiler diffused steam temperature measuring point, a boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, an infrared detection positioning control device, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device, a hydrogen content measuring point, a secondary dust removal, a circulating fan and an air guide valve, wherein the pre-storage chamber pressure measuring point is arranged in the dry quenching furnace; an air leading-in pipeline and an air guide valve are installed on the left side of the dry quenching furnace, and a prestoring chamber pressure regulating valve and a prestoring chamber pressure measuring point are installed on the right side of the top end of the dry quenching furnace; the high-temperature flue gas which is replaced by the red coke in the dry quenching furnace passes through a primary dust removal device at about 1000 ℃, enters the heat pipes in the boiler for heating, water supplying and heat exchanging, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 160 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas is circularly replaced by the heat pipes in the boiler, the flue gas is secondarily dedusted, and then continues to enter the dry quenching furnace for internal circulation through the action of the circulating fan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a positioning device, in particular to a tube burst detection positioning device of a coke dry quenching boiler, and belongs to the technical field of coke dry quenching waste heat control.
Background
The power generation production process of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler comprises the steps of replacing the heat of red coke in the coke dry quenching furnace by using nitrogen, heating boiler feed water to produce steam after primary dust removal to drive a turbonator to generate power, simultaneously leading out flue gas after heat exchange of the coke dry quenching furnace, heating boiler feed water after secondary dust removal, and finally entering the coke dry quenching furnace to be recycled. In the production and operation engineering of the waste heat boiler, heat pipes such as an economizer, an evaporator, a superheater and the like contained in a boiler furnace are easy to generate the fault of pipe explosion leakage of the heat pipes under the impact of high-temperature flue gas containing coke powder, so that water vapor is sprayed, and then the water vapor is evaporated again with the high-temperature flue gas to impact the surrounding heat pipes, so that equipment explosion accidents are caused.
At present, in dry quenching exhaust-heat boiler production process, the criterion of judging boiler heat pipe explosion is that the change rate through boiler water-feeding flow and boiler steam flow takes place unusually to and hydrogen content in the circulating gas risees and the dry quenching stove prestore room pressure grow as main judgement standard, and whether there is ponding and steam to exist through artifical close observation boiler export bottom and secondary dust removal simultaneously, if above-mentioned phenomenon simultaneous occurrence, then start the emergent operation of handling after the boiler explosion immediately, if: the opening of the air guide valve is increased, the pressure of a storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace is released, the load of the boiler is reduced, a large amount of nitrogen is filled into the system, and the like, so that the boiler explosion accident is prevented. The manual observation, the manual judgment, the danger of manual operation and the hysteresis are easy to cause misoperation, so that the accident is expanded.
Therefore, it is very necessary to design an automatic detection and positioning and automatic emergency operation logic program for dry quenching waste heat boiler tube explosion, which does not need manual judgment and intervention, and the program automatically runs, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of equipment and personnel. Meanwhile, the infrared detection leakage positioning analysis control system of the boiler furnace is additionally arranged, so that leakage detection positioning is facilitated, and the overhaul time is shortened.
The method is characterized in that a new product is searched through retrieval, at present, under the condition that a heat pipe leaks and pipe explosion occurs in domestic dry quenching waste heat boilers, data alarm is generally carried out through DCS monitoring pictures, the hydrogen content is increased, the pressure of a pre-storage chamber is increased, the obvious difference between the boiler water supply flow and the steam flow is increased, whether accumulated water exists at the bottom of the boiler is observed in the field through manual work, whether steam is discharged out of a bleeding hole, all conditions are met in a direction of pipe explosion conditions of the boiler, relevant control equipment such as an air pilot valve, a nitrogen flushing valve and a pre-storage chamber pressure adjusting valve are operated on the DCS pictures immediately, manual experience judgment and operation are needed, the efficiency is low, the safety is low, and the danger coefficient is high.
Traditional boiler furnace flue gas temperature measuring device is like thermocouple, thermal resistance, and the temperature measurement position is more single fixed, can not extend, can't measure the inside heat pipe temperature of furnace. The temperature measuring device with the propelling device can be stretched and lengthened, but temperature measuring elements are extremely easy to cause due to the high-temperature environment inside the hearth, the propelling device is frequently damaged, and the failure rate is extremely high.
The infrared temperature measurement analysis positioning device related to the patent technology is applied to a heat pipe temperature measurement system in a boiler furnace, and the defects of the two temperature measurement devices can be avoided to a great extent. And the infrared emission function of remote transmission and reception. The non-contact measurement has long temperature measurement distance, and the temperature measurement range can be changed and adjusted, thereby completely meeting the requirement of temperature measurement of the high-temperature environment of the boiler furnace.
Because unable normal temperature measurement of traditional temperature measuring device or unable analysis location cause the unable accurate positioning of boiler leakage point, near experience judgement, wait the boiler blowing out cooling, open boiler manhole door one by one, the leakage point is seeked to the manpower after the nitrogen gas replacement sweeps, and is wasted time and energy, inefficiency, the maintenance cycle length. Therefore, a new solution to solve the above technical problems is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coke dry quenching boiler tube explosion detection positioning device aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme relates to an automatic control logic method for emergency protection of coke dry quenching waste heat boiler tube explosion and an infrared detection positioning leakage control device, and the operation steps of emergency layered safety protection equipment after the boiler tube explosion are automatically controlled; further, infrared automatic online temperature detection, analysis, positioning and alarming are carried out on the furnace hearth before and after the boiler is subjected to tube explosion; through infrared temperature measurement location leak analysis controlling means, make things convenient for the boiler to look for the location of leaking, shorten the repair time, improve labor efficiency, fully guarantee boiler production safety and stability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the coke dry quenching boiler pipe explosion detection positioning device comprises a coke dry quenching furnace, a prestoring chamber pressure measuring point, a prestoring chamber pressure regulating valve, a primary dust removal, a boiler steam temperature diffusing measuring point, a boiler diffusing pipe, a boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, an infrared detection positioning control device, a boiler heat pipe, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device, a hydrogen content measuring point, secondary dust removal, a circulating fan and an air guide valve; an air leading-in pipeline and an air guide valve are installed on the left side of the dry quenching furnace, and a prestoring chamber pressure regulating valve and a prestoring chamber pressure measuring point are installed on the right side of the top end of the dry quenching furnace; the high-temperature flue gas displaced by the coke in the dry quenching furnace passes through primary dust removal equipment at about 1000 ℃, enters heat pipes in the boiler to heat, feed water and exchange heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 160 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas is circularly displaced by the heat pipes in the boiler, the flue gas is subjected to secondary dust removal and then continuously enters the dry quenching furnace to be circularly used under the action of a circulating fan, and steam generated by the boiler through heating of the high-temperature flue gas enters a steam turbine to act to drive a generator set to generate power; and a boiler diffusing pipe and a temperature measuring point are arranged at an outlet at the top of the boiler, wherein the heat pipes in the boiler respectively comprise a low-temperature economizer pipe, a low-temperature superheater pipe, a high-temperature superheater pipe and the like. The boiler feed water is heated in the heat pipe, and the high-temperature flue gas is heated by the heat pipe to feed water. A water leakage detection device is additionally arranged at an outlet at the bottom of the boiler, a hydrogen content measuring point is additionally arranged at a flue gas outlet of the boiler, and a heat pipe leakage infrared detection positioning control device is arranged in a hearth of the boiler. Can be in real time with furnace temperature variation detection output to this judgement temperature anomaly point, judge through image analysis simultaneously and obtain more accurate leakage point.
As an improvement of the invention, the infrared detection positioning control device consists of a boiler hearth, an infrared temperature measurement detector, a detection chamber, a rotating shaft, a steering motor, a universal metal hose joint, a compression spring, a piston, a temperature measurement probe driving chamber, an infrared temperature measurement controller, a control cable, a temperature signal receiving unit, a temperature signal processing and analyzing unit, a temperature signal output alarm unit, a cooling purging pipe, a temperature signal cable and a steering motor control cable; the infrared detection positioning control device comprises an assembly detection chamber and an assembly temperature measurement probe driving chamber, wherein an infrared temperature measurement probe is movably arranged in the middle of the detection chamber, the other end of the infrared temperature measurement probe penetrates through the middle of the temperature measurement probe driving chamber, the two ends of the infrared detection positioning control device are connected through a universal metal hose connector, the driving chamber comprises a pneumatic piston, one end of an infrared temperature measurement controller is connected with the temperature measurement probe driving chamber, and the other end of the infrared temperature measurement controller is sequentially connected with a temperature signal receiving unit, a temperature signal processing and analyzing unit and a temperature signal output alarm unit; after infrared temperature measurement controller accepts the control command, promote the compression spring displacement through gas circuit control piston, and then drive infrared temperature detector and advance, get into the inside infrared scanning temperature measurement that carries out of furnace, and simultaneously, turn to the motor and accept instruction drive rotation axis motion, and then drive the detector multi-angle rotating and sweep the flue gas temperature change in the second furnace, and simultaneously, the cooling sweeps tub work, constantly cool off the detector through cooling air and sweep, reduce detector operational environment temperature, the extension equipment life, infrared temperature detector passes through the controller with the interior flue gas temperature measuring signal of furnace and exports temperature signal receiving unit, get into in the temperature signal processing analysis unit once more.
As an improvement of the invention, a plurality of infrared thermal imaging detectors are arranged at each furnace hole of a boiler and are respectively aligned with the furnace, the detectors are protected by a cooling and dust removing system, the detectors output temperature image signals at a speed of 25 fields per second and transmit the temperature image signals to a monitoring room through a transmission line at a certain distance, and the centralized processing of the monitored temperature images is realized in the monitoring room; then, the selected signal is sent to an amplifier, the output of the amplifier is sent to an image acquisition component, an analog signal is converted into a digital image signal and is output to a microcomputer, the computer carries out real-time filtering and temperature calculation processing on the image, and then the input signal temperature distribution image is displayed on a monitor in a form. At the same time, the highest, average and lowest temperatures of the picture are calculated. Through the comparison of the actual temperature and the set temperature and the analysis of the temperature distribution image, the corresponding specific leakage point and position under the temperature abnormality can be obtained in time. Meanwhile, an alarm signal is sent out, so that the related processing after the fault is convenient to carry out.
The safety control method of the tube explosion detection positioning device of the coke dry quenching boiler comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: when the pressure detection of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace is more than 100Pa, the hydrogen content of the flue gas at the outlet of the boiler is more than 2 percent, and the two conditions are met simultaneously, the control system immediately drives the pressure regulating valve of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace to act and release pressure;
the second step is that: when the pressure of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace further exceeds 200Pa, the hydrogen content exceeds 5 percent; meanwhile, the difference between the boiler feed water flow and the steam flow is obviously increased, namely the feed water flow is obviously increased, and the steam flow is obviously reduced; meanwhile, the temperature is measured and judged to be increased through a boiler blow-off pipe temperature measuring point, steam is discharged outside, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device acts to judge water accumulated at the bottom of the boiler, and after the three groups of conditions are simultaneously met, a control system immediately drives field equipment to perform linkage operation, so that the stability of dry quenching large production is fully ensured, and explosion accidents caused by pipe explosion leakage of boiler heat pipes are avoided;
the third step: the infrared temperature measurement positioning control device analyzes and compares the variation of the hearth temperature signal in real time to obtain the highest and lowest temperature values and the average temperature value of a certain point, compares the temperature signal under the set normal operation working condition with the measured temperature signal to obtain the temperature abnormity conclusion, and can judge the specific direction of temperature abnormity through image analysis, send out an alarm to remind operators of possible leakage at a certain part of the hearth heat pipe and accurately position the fault point of the boiler heat pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that 1) the technical scheme links the tube explosion emergency operation device of the dry quenching boiler through detection and automatic control, does not need manual participation, and is safe and reliable; 2) according to the technical scheme, layered control is further performed through water leakage detection of the explosion tube of the dry quenching boiler, so that explosion accidents of the explosion tube of the boiler are avoided to the greatest extent; 3) in the scheme, infrared temperature measurement with multi-angle, rotatable and multi-azimuth temperature measurement position adjustment is adopted, and a multi-path scanning function is applied, so that a temperature measurement dead angle can be avoided, and the running state of a boiler furnace can be monitored in all directions; 4) in the scheme, non-contact temperature measurement is adopted, and a blowing and cooling device is additionally arranged, so that the service life of the equipment is greatly prolonged, and the temperature measurement precision is improved; 5) according to the scheme, the automatic control device for detecting and positioning the boiler leakage is designed, and the accurate positioning of the leakage point of the heat pipe is realized through infrared detection scanning, analysis and temperature images, so that the labor efficiency is improved, and a large amount of maintenance and searching time is saved; 6) this scheme is to infrared detection positioning control device, still further through the rotatory all-round temperature measurement of steering mechanism automatic control infrared probe multi-angle, has highlighted the comprehensiveness of temperature detection boiler leakage point, accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the field layout of a tube burst detection alarm device of a dry quenching boiler;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a boiler heat pipe leakage infrared detection positioning control device;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an infrared thermometry analysis positioning principle;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of layered control of water leakage detection during pipe explosion of a dry quenching boiler;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of layered control of water leakage detection during pipe explosion of a dry quenching boiler;
in the figure: 1. a dry quenching furnace, 2, a prestoring chamber pressure measuring point, 3, a prestoring chamber pressure regulating valve, 4, primary dust removal, 5, a boiler diffused steam temperature measuring point, 6, a boiler diffused pipe, 7, a boiler, 8, a steam turbine, 9, a generator, 10, an infrared detection positioning control device, 11, a boiler heat pipe, 12, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device, 13, a hydrogen content measuring point, 14, secondary dust removal, 15, a circulating fan, 16, an air guide valve, 17, a boiler hearth, 18, an infrared temperature measurement detector, 19, a detection chamber, 20, a rotating shaft, 21, a steering motor, 22, a universal metal hose joint, 23, a compression spring, 24, a piston, 25, a temperature measurement probe driving chamber, 26, an infrared temperature measurement controller, 27, a control cable, 28, a temperature signal receiving unit, 20, a temperature signal processing and analyzing unit, 30 and a temperature signal output alarm unit, 31. cooling purge tube, 32, temperature signal cable, 33, steering motor control cable.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
for the purpose of enhancing an understanding of the present invention, the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the positioning device for detecting tube explosion of the coke dry quenching boiler comprises a coke dry quenching furnace 1, a pre-storage chamber pressure measuring point 2, a pre-storage chamber pressure regulating valve 3, a primary dust removal 4, a boiler diffused steam temperature measuring point 5, a boiler diffused pipe 6, a boiler 7, a steam turbine 8, a generator 9, an infrared detection positioning control device 10, a boiler heat pipe 11, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device 12, a hydrogen content measuring point 13, a secondary dust removal 14, a circulating fan 15 and an air guide valve 16; as shown in fig. 1: an air leading-in pipeline and an air guide valve 16 are installed on the left side of the dry quenching furnace 1, and a prestoring chamber pressure regulating valve 3 and a prestoring chamber pressure measuring point 2 are installed on the right side of the top end of the dry quenching furnace; high-temperature flue gas displaced by red coke in the dry quenching furnace 1 passes through a primary dust removal device 4 at about 1000 ℃, enters a heat pipe in the boiler to heat, feed water and exchange heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 160 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas is circularly displaced by a heat pipe 11 in the boiler 7, the flue gas is subjected to secondary dust removal 14, then continuously enters the dry quenching furnace 1 to be circularly used under the action of a circulating fan 15, and steam generated by heating the high-temperature flue gas in the boiler 7 enters a steam turbine 8 to act to drive a generator set 9 to generate electricity; a boiler diffusing pipe 6 and a temperature measuring point 5 are arranged at an outlet of the top of the boiler, wherein a heat pipe 11 in the boiler 7 comprises a low-temperature economizer pipe, a low-temperature superheater pipe, a high-temperature superheater pipe and the like. The boiler feed water is heated in the heat pipe, and the high-temperature flue gas is heated by the heat pipe to feed water. A water leakage detection device 12 is additionally arranged at an outlet at the bottom of the boiler, a hydrogen content measuring point 13 is additionally arranged at a flue gas outlet of the boiler, and a heat pipe leakage infrared detection positioning control device 10 is arranged in a hearth of the boiler. The infrared detection positioning control device consists of a boiler furnace 17, an infrared temperature measurement detector 18, a detection chamber 19, a rotating shaft 20, a steering motor 21, a universal metal hose joint 22, a compression spring 23, a piston 24, a temperature measurement probe driving chamber 25, an infrared temperature measurement controller 26, a control cable 27, a temperature signal receiving unit 28, a temperature signal processing and analyzing unit 29, a temperature signal output alarm unit 30, a cooling purging pipe 31, a temperature signal cable 32 and a steering motor control cable 33; as shown in fig. 2; the infrared detection positioning control device comprises an assembly detection chamber 19 and an assembly temperature measurement probe driving chamber 25, wherein an infrared temperature measurement probe 18 is movably arranged in the middle of the detection chamber 19, the other end of the infrared temperature measurement probe is arranged in the middle of the temperature measurement probe driving chamber 25 in a penetrating way, the two ends of the infrared temperature measurement probe are connected through a universal metal hose joint 22, the driving chamber 25 comprises a pneumatic piston 24, one end of an infrared temperature measurement controller 26 is connected with the temperature measurement probe driving chamber 25, and the other end of the infrared temperature measurement controller is sequentially connected with a temperature signal receiving unit 28, a temperature signal processing and analyzing unit 29 and a temperature signal output alarm unit 30; after infrared temperature measurement controller 26 accepts the control command, promote compression spring 23 displacement through gas circuit control piston 24, and then drive infrared temperature measurement detector 18 and advance, get into the inside infrared scanning temperature measurement that carries out of furnace, simultaneously, turn to motor 21 and accept the motion of instruction drive rotation axis 20, and then drive the change of flue gas temperature in the detector 18 multi-angle rotating sweeping second furnace, and simultaneously, the work of cooling purge tube 31, constantly cool down the purging to detector 18 through cooling air, reduce detector operational environment temperature, the extension equipment life, infrared temperature measurement detector exports the flue gas temperature measuring signal in the furnace to temperature signal receiving element 28 through controller 26, get into temperature signal processing analysis unit 29 once more. The infrared thermal imaging detectors are arranged at furnace holes of the boiler and are respectively aligned with the boiler, the detectors are protected by a cooling and dust removing system, the detectors output temperature image signals at a speed of 25 fields per second, the temperature image signals are transmitted to a monitoring room through a transmission line with a certain distance, and the centralized processing of the monitored temperature images is realized in the monitoring room; then, the selected signal is sent to an amplifier, the output of the amplifier is sent to an image acquisition component, an analog signal is converted into a digital image signal and is output to a microcomputer, the computer carries out real-time filtering and temperature calculation processing on the image, and then the input signal temperature distribution image is displayed on a monitor in a form. At the same time, the highest, average and lowest temperatures of the picture are calculated. Through the comparison of the actual temperature and the set temperature and the analysis of the temperature distribution image, the corresponding specific leakage point and position under the temperature abnormality can be obtained in time. Meanwhile, an alarm signal is sent out, so that the related processing after the fault is convenient to carry out.
Example 2: referring to fig. 1 to 5, a safety control method using a coke dry quenching boiler tube explosion detection positioning device includes the steps of:
the first step is as follows: when the pressure detection of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace is more than 100Pa, the hydrogen content of the flue gas at the outlet of the boiler is more than 2 percent, and the two conditions are met simultaneously, the control system immediately drives the pressure regulating valve of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace to act and release pressure;
the second step is that: when the pressure of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace further exceeds 200Pa, the hydrogen content exceeds 5 percent; meanwhile, the difference between the boiler feed water flow and the steam flow is obviously increased, namely the feed water flow is obviously increased, and the steam flow is obviously reduced; meanwhile, the temperature is measured and judged to be increased through a boiler blow-off pipe temperature measuring point, steam is discharged outside, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device acts to judge water accumulated at the bottom of the boiler, and after the three groups of conditions are simultaneously met, a control system immediately drives field equipment to perform linkage operation, so that the stability of dry quenching large production is fully ensured, and explosion accidents caused by pipe explosion leakage of boiler heat pipes are avoided;
the third step: the infrared temperature measurement positioning control device analyzes and compares the variation of the hearth temperature signal in real time to obtain the highest and lowest temperature values and the average temperature value of a certain point, compares the temperature signal under the set normal operation working condition with the measured temperature signal to obtain the temperature abnormity conclusion, and can judge the specific direction of temperature abnormity through image analysis, send out an alarm to remind operators of possible leakage at a certain part of the hearth heat pipe and accurately position the fault point of the boiler heat pipe.
As shown in the block diagram of the infrared thermometric analysis positioning principle of FIG. 3; in the actual operation of the infrared temperature measurement system, according to the actual requirement of boiler temperature detection, a plurality of infrared thermal imaging detectors are arranged at each furnace hole of the boiler and respectively aligned with the boiler, and the detectors are protected by a cooling and dust removal system. The detector outputs temperature image signals at the speed of 25 fields per second, the temperature image signals are transmitted to the monitoring room through a transmission line at a certain distance, and centralized processing of the monitored temperature images is achieved in the monitoring room. Then, the selected signal is sent to an amplifier, the output of the amplifier is sent to an image acquisition component, and the analog signal is converted into a digital image signal and is output to a microcomputer. The computer performs real-time filtering and temperature calculation processing on the image, and then displays the form of the input signal temperature distribution image on a monitor. At the same time, the highest, average and lowest temperatures of the picture are calculated. Through the comparison of the actual temperature and the set temperature and the analysis of the temperature distribution image, the corresponding specific leakage point and position under the temperature abnormality can be obtained in time. Meanwhile, an alarm signal is sent out, so that the related processing after the fault is convenient to carry out.
As shown in fig. 4, as shown in a layered control schematic diagram 1 of pipe burst and water leakage detection of a coke dry quenching boiler, when pressure detection of a pre-storage chamber of the coke dry quenching boiler is more than 100Pa, hydrogen content of flue gas at an outlet of the boiler is more than 2%, and the two conditions are met simultaneously, a control system immediately drives a pressure regulating valve of the pre-storage chamber of the coke dry quenching boiler to act and release pressure; and meanwhile, the air guide valve of the dry quenching furnace is driven to act, so that the air introduction amount is increased. Through the regulation, if the pressure and the hydrogen content in the pre-storage chamber of the system are still abnormal or further exceed the early warning value, the control system immediately performs the next control.
As shown in fig. 5, as shown in a layered control schematic diagram 2 of water leakage detection in a pipe burst of a dry quenching boiler, when the pressure of a pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching boiler further exceeds 200Pa, the hydrogen content exceeds 5%; meanwhile, the difference between the boiler feed water flow and the steam flow is obviously increased, namely the feed water flow is obviously increased, and the steam flow is obviously reduced; meanwhile, the temperature is measured and judged to be increased through a temperature measuring point of a boiler diffusing pipe, steam is discharged outside, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device acts to judge water accumulated at the bottom of the boiler, and after the three groups of conditions are met simultaneously, a control system immediately drives the whole system to be filled with nitrogen, so that the explosion point concentration of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the boiler is reduced, and simultaneously drives a primary dedusting emergency diffusing valve to act to release pressure to a flue gas system; driving a circulating fan to reduce load, reducing circulating air quantity and reducing the flue gas pressure of a system; the boiler load reduction is further controlled in a linkage mode through the control system, the generator set load reduction is achieved, the whole large system is depressurized, and finally the boiler explosion door can be further opened to achieve further complete pressure relief of the system. Through the series of linkage operation, the stability of dry quenching large-scale production can be fully ensured, and explosion accidents caused by pipe explosion leakage of the boiler heat pipe are avoided.
The scheme aims at the whole production process of the coke dry quenching boiler and is additionally provided with a temperature, pressure, hydrogen content and water leakage detection alarm device, so that the occurrence of boiler heat pipe burst leakage fault is comprehensively, correctly and timely judged. According to the scheme, the implementation of automatic emergency safety protection control after boiler tube explosion leakage is realized through a DCS automatic hierarchical control logic program, the expansion of accidents is avoided, the working efficiency is improved, and the personal safety is ensured. The infrared detection positioning boiler leakage automatic control device designed in the scheme realizes accurate positioning of leakage points of the heat pipes through infrared detection scanning, analysis and temperature images, improves labor efficiency and saves a large amount of maintenance and search time. The scheme aims at prolonging the service life of the infrared detector by cooling and blowing the online compressed air additionally arranged on the infrared automatic detection and positioning control device. According to the scheme, the infrared probe is automatically controlled by the steering mechanism to rotate in a multi-angle and all-dimensional manner for measuring the temperature, so that the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the leakage point of the temperature detection boiler are highlighted.
The working principle is as follows:
in case of tube explosion and leakage of the heat pipe in the dry coke quenching boiler, the heat pipe is made of carbon steel, and the carbon steel and the steam are subjected to chemical reaction in a high-temperature environment: 3Fe +4H2O＝Fe3O4+4H2. Therefore, the leakage of the heat pipe directly causes the hydrogen content at the flue gas outlet of the boiler to exceed the standard, a large amount of steam-water mixture enters the circulating gas of the hearth of the boiler, the pressure distribution of the circulating gas is damaged, and the pressure of the pre-storage chamber is rapidly increased. When the pressure of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace further exceeds 200Pa, the hydrogen content exceeds 5 percent, and simultaneously the difference between the boiler water supply flow and the steam flow is obviously increased, namely the water supply flow is obviously increased, and the steam flow is obviously reduced; meanwhile, the temperature is measured and judged to be increased through a temperature measuring point of a boiler blow-off pipe, steam is discharged outside, the boiler bottom water leakage detection device acts to judge water accumulated at the bottom of the boiler, the conditions are met, and the occurrence of boiler pipe explosion can be immediately judged.
At the moment, through a tube explosion emergency layered control logic program:
the first step is as follows: when the pressure detection of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace is more than 100Pa, the hydrogen content of the flue gas at the outlet of the boiler is more than 2 percent, the two conditions are simultaneously met, the control system immediately drives the pre-storage chamber pressure regulating valve of the dry quenching furnace to act to release pressure, and further drives the air guide valve of the dry quenching furnace to act to increase the air introduction amount. Through the regulation, if the pressure and the hydrogen content of the pre-storage chamber of the system are still abnormal or further exceed the early warning value, the control system immediately performs the next control;
the second step is that: when the pressure of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace further exceeds 200Pa, the hydrogen content exceeds 5 percent; meanwhile, the difference between the boiler feed water flow and the steam flow is obviously increased, namely the feed water flow is obviously increased, and the steam flow is obviously reduced; meanwhile, the temperature is measured and judged to be increased through a boiler blow-off pipe temperature measuring point, steam is discharged outside, the boiler bottom water leakage detection device acts to judge water accumulated at the bottom of the boiler, and after the three groups of conditions are simultaneously met, the control system immediately drives field equipment to perform linkage operation, so that the stability of dry quenching large-scale production is fully ensured, and the occurrence of explosion accidents caused by pipe explosion leakage of boiler heat pipes is avoided.
When the boiler heat pipe explosion or leakage fault is confirmed, after the series of safety protection emergency operation steps are started, the infrared temperature measurement positioning control device analyzes the variation of the detected hearth temperature signals of all points in real time, compares the variation to obtain the highest temperature, the lowest temperature and the average temperature value of a certain point, compares the temperature signals under the set normal operation working condition with the measured temperature signals to obtain a temperature abnormity conclusion, and meanwhile can judge the specific direction of temperature abnormity through image analysis, sends out an alarm to remind operators of possible leakage at a certain position of the hearth heat pipe, accurately positions the fault point of the boiler heat pipe to the maximum extent, and shortens the overhauling and leakage checking time after the boiler is stopped.
Boiler control system DCS host computer confirms through the detected signal that the boiler takes place to explode after the pipe leaks, sends the instruction and gives infrared temperature measurement controller, and the controller drives infrared detection positioning control device immediately and carries out work: driving the pneumatic piston to move so that the infrared temperature measurement detector is displaced to a working position; controlling the temperature measurement detector to rotate in multiple angles to measure temperature by driving a steering motor; driving the compressed air to cool the purging probe; the variation of the temperature signal is further transmitted to a receiving unit and an analyzing unit in real time for analysis and comparison to obtain the highest and lowest temperature values and an average temperature value of a certain point, the temperature signal under the set normal operation working condition is compared with the measured temperature signal to obtain a temperature abnormity conclusion, meanwhile, the specific position of temperature abnormity can be judged through the corresponding temperature measuring angle and direction, and an alarm is given to remind operators of possible leakage of a certain part of the hearth heat pipe. Due to the fact that the steam-water mixture caused by leakage meets high-temperature flue gas, the temperature field changes abnormally, real-time image analysis of temperature detection can be further conducted, and the fact that the heat pipe at a certain angle and a certain position in the corresponding boiler possibly leaks can be accurately obtained.
In conclusion, the application and implementation of the scheme greatly avoid the occurrence of boiler explosion accidents caused by carbon monoxide leakage and excessive hydrogen content due to the pipe explosion of the heat pipe in the production process of the coke dry quenching boiler, ensure the stable production of the boiler in a certain range, avoid the steam emission and noise pollution of the boiler accidents, and have remarkable social benefit.
This patent technical scheme is in the on-the-spot experimental stage of steam power plant dry coke quenching operation district boiler production, and the effect is obvious, has fully guaranteed the safe operation after the dry coke quenching exhaust-heat boiler heat pipe leaks, through detecting the location leakage point, improves labor efficiency. The tube burst detection alarm and safety protection control technology for the coke dry quenching boiler can be applied to the field of boiler production heat pipe leakage detection and emergency operation automatic control schemes.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications and substitutions based on the above-mentioned technical solutions are within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The device for detecting and positioning the pipe explosion of the coke dry quenching boiler is characterized by comprising a coke dry quenching furnace, a prestoring chamber pressure measuring point, a prestoring chamber pressure regulating valve, a primary dust removal, a boiler steam temperature release measuring point, a boiler release pipe, a boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, an infrared detection positioning control device, a boiler heat pipe, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device, a hydrogen content measuring point, secondary dust removal, a circulating fan and an air guide valve; an air leading-in pipeline and an air guide valve are installed on the left side of the dry quenching furnace, and a prestoring chamber pressure regulating valve and a prestoring chamber pressure measuring point are installed on the right side of the top end of the dry quenching furnace; the high-temperature flue gas displaced by the coke in the dry quenching furnace passes through primary dust removal equipment at about 1000 ℃, enters heat pipes in the boiler to heat, feed water and exchange heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 160 ℃ after the high-temperature flue gas is circularly displaced by the heat pipes in the boiler, the flue gas is subjected to secondary dust removal and then continuously enters the dry quenching furnace to be circularly used under the action of a circulating fan, and steam generated by the boiler through heating of the high-temperature flue gas enters a steam turbine to act to drive a generator set to generate power; a boiler diffusing pipe and a temperature measuring point are installed at an outlet at the top of a boiler, wherein the heat inside the boiler respectively comprises a low-temperature economizer pipe, a low-temperature superheater pipe and a high-temperature superheater pipe, a water leakage detection device is additionally installed at an outlet at the bottom of the boiler, a hydrogen content measuring point is additionally installed at a flue gas outlet of the boiler, and a heat pipe leakage infrared detection positioning control device is installed at a hearth of the boiler.
2. The coke dry quenching boiler tube burst detecting and positioning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the infrared detecting and positioning control device is composed of a boiler furnace, an infrared temperature measuring detector, a detection chamber, a rotating shaft, a steering motor, a universal metal hose joint, a compression spring, a piston, a temperature measuring probe driving chamber, an infrared temperature measuring controller, a control cable, a temperature signal receiving unit, a temperature signal processing and analyzing unit, a temperature signal output alarm unit, a cooling purging tube, a temperature signal cable and a steering motor control cable; the infrared temperature measurement detector is movably arranged in the middle of the detection chamber, the other end of the infrared temperature measurement detector is arranged in the middle of the temperature measurement probe driving chamber in a penetrating mode, the two ends of the infrared temperature measurement detector are connected through a universal metal hose connector, the driving chamber comprises a pneumatic piston, one end of the infrared temperature measurement controller is connected with the temperature measurement probe driving chamber, the other end of the infrared temperature measurement controller is sequentially connected with the temperature signal receiving unit, the temperature signal processing and analyzing unit and the temperature signal output alarm unit; after infrared temperature measurement controller accepts the control command, promote the compression spring displacement through gas circuit control piston, and then drive infrared temperature measurement detector and advance, get into the inside infrared scanning temperature measurement that carries out of furnace, and simultaneously, turn to the motor and accept instruction drive rotation axis motion, and then drive the detector multi-angle rotating and sweep the flue gas temperature change in the second furnace, the cooling sweeps tub work, constantly cool off the detector through cooling air and sweep, infrared temperature measurement detector exports the flue gas temperature measurement signal in the furnace to temperature signal receiving element through the controller, get into in the temperature signal processing analysis unit once more.
3. The coke dry quenching boiler tube explosion detection positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of infrared thermal imaging detectors are arranged at each furnace hole of the boiler and are respectively aligned with the furnace, the detectors are protected by a cooling and dust removal system, the detectors output temperature image signals at a speed of 25 fields per second, the temperature image signals are transmitted to a monitoring room through a transmission line at a certain distance, and the centralized processing of the monitored temperature images is realized in the monitoring room; then, the selected signal is sent to an amplifier, the output of the amplifier is sent to an image acquisition component, an analog signal is converted into a digital image signal and is output to a microcomputer, the computer carries out real-time filtering and temperature calculation processing on the image, and then the input signal temperature distribution image is displayed on a monitor in a form.
4. The safety control method for the coke dry quenching boiler tube explosion detection positioning device of claim 1, 2 or 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: when the pressure detection of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace is more than 100Pa, the hydrogen content of the flue gas at the outlet of the boiler is more than 2 percent, and the two conditions are met simultaneously, the control system immediately drives the pressure regulating valve of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace to act and release pressure;
the second step is that: when the pressure of the pre-storage chamber of the dry quenching furnace further exceeds 200Pa, the hydrogen content exceeds 5 percent; meanwhile, the difference between the boiler feed water flow and the steam flow is obviously increased, namely the feed water flow is obviously increased, and the steam flow is obviously reduced; meanwhile, the temperature is measured and judged to be increased through a boiler blow-off pipe temperature measuring point, steam is discharged outside, a boiler bottom water leakage detection device acts to judge water accumulated at the bottom of the boiler, and after the three groups of conditions are simultaneously met, a control system immediately drives field equipment to perform linkage operation, so that the stability of dry quenching large production is fully ensured, and explosion accidents caused by pipe explosion leakage of boiler heat pipes are avoided;
the third step: the infrared temperature measurement positioning control device analyzes and compares the variation of the hearth temperature signal in real time to obtain the highest and lowest temperature values and the average temperature value of a certain point, compares the temperature signal under the set normal operation working condition with the measured temperature signal to obtain the temperature abnormity conclusion, and can judge the specific direction of temperature abnormity through image analysis, send out an alarm to remind operators of possible leakage at a certain part of the hearth heat pipe and accurately position the fault point of the boiler heat pipe.
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