CN105200221B - Automate spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing and method - Google Patents
Automate spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105200221B CN105200221B CN201510725534.5A CN201510725534A CN105200221B CN 105200221 B CN105200221 B CN 105200221B CN 201510725534 A CN201510725534 A CN 201510725534A CN 105200221 B CN105200221 B CN 105200221B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing and method.Include spherical tank body, heater, temperature-detecting device and control system；Wherein described temperature-detecting device includes temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is several, is dispersed throughout spherical tank body outer surface, temperature sensor is directly connected with control system, and temperature signal is passed to control system；Described heater is burner, and burner extends into spherical tank body interior, and burner comes with blower fan and oil pump；Described controller includes capture card, burner control, contactor, industrial computer and PLC program controller.The present invention is simple in construction, with multiple spot automatic temperature-adjusting control function, can strengthen the thermal effectiveness of spherical tank, improves the intelligent level of equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to large-size spherical tank equipment technical field, more particularly to a kind of it is directed to 6000 cubic metres of large-size spherical tanks
Automate spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing and method.
Background technology
With the fast development of Chinese national economy, China has become the production of world's second largest oil and chemical products
With consumption big country.It is industrially also more and more to use large-size spherical tank.
(1) use of spherical tank has popularity.Spherical tank is widely used in many necks such as oil, chemical industry, national defence, communications and transportation
Domain, is the equipment for laying in liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and industrial chemicals, and the development to social economy plays the work actively promoted
With.In recent years because petroleum chemical industry development is advanced by leaps and bounds, the quantity of spherical tank is also sharply increased, to the early 1990s, is used
Spherical tank quantity reached more than 2000.To realize the simultaneous growth with processing capacity and benefit, each petrochemical enterprise is no longer
It is confined to use small-sized spherical tank, starts to develop in terms of Large Copacity Spherical tank Storage.From investment target and floor space index angle
Analysis, the investment of the bigger every cubic metre of liquefied petroleum gas of storage of spherical tank and floor space are fewer；And with small-sized spherical tank
The increase of quantity, the annex of spherical tank ratio shared in the gross ton digit of spherical tank, surface area, the workload of maintaining and disappears
The public work of consumption will also increase, and these have resulted in cost of investment increase.As can be seen here, the use of the spherical tank of maximization is to compare
Economical, also will be the development trend of spherical tank from now on.The state that Chinese Gang Gou companies of smelting group in 2013 build in Zhejiang Pinghu
Interior biggest ball tank battery --- 8 4000m of Zhejiang satellite limited energy company3Propylene Spherical Tanks and 4 6000m3Propane spherical tank smoothly leads to
Cross final acceptance of construction.Chinese Gang Gou companies of smelting group and Hebei Hai Wei means of transportation Group Co., Ltd sign jointly within 2014
" 500,000 tons/year of dehydrogenating propane project propane tanks of Hebei Hai Wei means of transportation Group Co., Ltd, C4 tanks spherical shell make, installed
Construction contract ".Wherein 5000m3Propane spherical tank 12,1000m32, instrument air tank, 3000m3Remaining C4 spherical tanks 2.Thus
Find out, spherical tank is widely used as a kind of efficient storage container.
(2) necessity and importance of spherical tank heat treatment.Steel welding spherical tank, due to welding point in welding process
Shrink, all weld seam positions will produce larger residual stress.In order to eliminate residual stress, it is necessary to carry out postwelding entirety to spherical tank
Heat treatment.If without heat treatment, the life-span of spherical tank can shorten, and trigger spherical tank to fail, and cause the generation of accident.Spherical tank
Failure, refers to that spherical tank loses the phenomenon of set-up function in use.The failure of spherical tank can be learnt by a large amount of inspection informations
Form generally has two kinds：Leakage and cracking.Leakage occurs mainly in some defective locations of spherical shell or adapter valve junction, stores up
Medium is deposited to continuously flow out；Cracking Failure main cause is a certain Defect expanding rear tear, storage medium suddenly to a certain extent
Instantaneous a large amount of outflows.As petrochemical industry production equipment, inflammable, explosive, poisonous medium is often stored in spherical tank, once failure,
By the serious property loss of generation and personnel casualty accidentses.The seat height of Pennsylvania, America oil company one in 1988
14.6m, diameter 36.6m circular cone top diesel oil tank are suddenly from vertical direction cracking, 1480m3Diesel oil all trickles out, accident
Reason is that tank shell weld heat-affected zone has the big defect of a coin.As storage tank fills diesel oil, hydrostatic pressure and welding
Residual stress is combined, and causes defect to extend rapidly and then all rupture.Engineering insurance company of Britain is in the secondary systems of 1967-1972
In the pressure vessel accident of meter, 84.2% and 89.3% are accounted for due to crackle.In these crackles, because weld defect is made
Into crackle account for 8.4% and 41% respectively in this is counted twice.Count at home in the 17 billiard ball tanks destroyed, just
Have 11 it is relevant with welding.Commissure occurs leakage and account for about 80% in nearly 50 years spherical tank accidents.Post weld heat treatment refers to
Welded unit is heated uniformly to a certain temperature under austenite transition points, is released most of residual stress, or make metallographic
Certain change occurs for tissue, so as to improve welded performance.As can be seen here, it is because heat that why commissure, which is easily broken,
Processing is not reaching to preferable effect.Therefore, to the heat treatment of spherical tank it is a key link in production of pressure container.
(3) also there is many not in China the preparatory stage during being heat-treated to large-size spherical tank and before heat treatment
Foot, performance is in the following areas：
Spherical tank is in bulk heat treatmet, and the thermograde near upper bottom crown is difficult to reach temperature control model as defined in specification
In enclosing, upper bottom crown excessive temperature differentials causes top crown temperature too high, bottom crown temperature is too low.Have a strong impact on spherical tank heat treatment effect
Really.
Internal combustion type spherical tank post weld heat treatment technology automaticity is not high.For example, 6000 cubic metres of spherical tank at least needs
64 temperature measuring points can just accurately measure the accurate temperature of spherical shell various pieces, and this allows for the temperature of spherical tank whole body heat treatment certainly
The difficulty of dynamic control is greatly increased, and is extremely difficult to the target of modern heat treatment technological requirement Automated condtrol.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are for above-mentioned not enough there is provided one kind is simple in construction, with many
Point automatic temperature-adjusting control function, can strengthen the thermal effectiveness of spherical tank, improve the intelligent level of equipment, reach at modern heat
Manage the automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing and method of technological requirement.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
Automate spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing, it is characterised in that include spherical tank body, heater, temperature-detecting device
And control system；Wherein described temperature-detecting device includes temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is several, is dispersed throughout ball
Tank body outer surface, temperature sensor is directly connected with control system, and temperature signal is passed to control system；Described adds
Hot charging is set to burner, and burner extends into spherical tank body interior, and burner comes with blower fan and oil pump, wherein burner, wind
Machine and oil pump are both connected on control device；Described controller includes capture card, burner control, contactor, industry control
Machine and PLC program controller；Wherein industrial computer connection capture card, collect the signal from temperature sensor, industrial computer simultaneously with
PLC program controller is connected, and PLC program controller connects burner control and contactor respectively, and burner control is direct
Connect and control burner, contactor connects and controls blower fan and oil pump.
In such scheme, described burner includes wind path and oil circuit two parts, wind path part include air door, blower fan and
PAS air flame pressure switches；Oil circuit part includes oil-feed, oil return two parts, and oil-feed includes Oil pump electrical machinery, inlet valve, enters spindle
Valve；Oil return includes return pressure switch, oil return regulating valve, oil return needle-valve.
In such scheme, described burner internal is also equipped with ignition transformer and fiery smoke detector, and the former is used for temperature
Automatic ignition is realized during degree regulation, the latter is used to detect flame combustion state, without flame or burned after system starts
In journey during abnormal misfire, so that system cuts off fuel oil supply in time.
Heat-treating methods are carried out using above-mentioned automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing, it is characterised in that：
The control mode of control device includes two parts, and a part is by HMI and the control burning of PLC program controller
Device burns, and a part is 64 temperature sensors of industrial computer collection and control, is gathered and shown using card for industrial computer, then passed through
Industrial computer configuration software transmits a signal to the accurate control that PLC program controller realizes each temperature point；Temperature measuring point can root
Increase according to user's request, analog input card can extend；
Required according to control, in heating, when below 400 DEG C, spherical tank heating-up temperature can normal heating；400 DEG C with
On, by the temperature change programming rate of each measuring point in 50 DEG C/h~80 DEG C/h so that the temperature of any both sides on spherical shell surface
The temperature difference be not more than 120 DEG C；
During cooling, then make its nature in 30 DEG C/h~50 DEG C/h from heat treatment temperature to the control of 400 DEG C of cooling rate
Cooling；
Control system uses hand/auto-changeover control, and automatic control and adjustment and manually can be realized according to process requirements
Control two kinds of control modes；
In heat treatment process, operating personnel input heat treatment cycle curve to industrial computer, and computer is automatically according to work
Skill requirement, produces the desired temperature at each moment in real time, the temperature signal gathered according to desired temperature and system thermocouple,
Produce output signal node, under be transmitted to PLC program controller, control the combustion process of burner；
Blower fan, oil pump operation and the correlation timing action of burner of PLC program controller control burner；
Selection isolation transmitting module, the temperature signal for 64 temperature spots of spherical tank that thermocouple is gathered is transported to capture card,
It is changed into corresponding voltage signal, and by A/D conversions, by serial communication interface, delivers to industrial computer, realize temperature
Real-time record printing；
Flame is completed after being formed, and is required according to the control of temperature control curve, and the servomotor of burner is connected to PLC program control
The opening and closing order of device, according to amount of fuel and the scale parameter of air quantity, increase or reduction oil mass and air quantity, to adjust flame
Size, and then realize spherical tank heat treatment accurate temperature control.
PLC program controller must coordinate host computer, burner program controller, button and indicator lamp, burning on operating desk
The blower fan and Oil pump electrical machinery of device complete the SECO of burner, and its major function is as follows：
With upper machine communication：
The node control order of real-time reception host computer, and this order is transmitted to program controller, control air door and oil
Opening greatly and turning down for valve, realizes the flame adjusting of burner, in real time the temperature of control spherical tank；
Control blower fan and Oil pump electrical machinery start and stop and operation：
When operating personnel's pressing operations platform start button, PLC automatically controls blower fan and Oil pump electrical machinery starts.Due to blower fan
Capacity is larger, it is impossible to directly initiate, but uses Y/ △ to start.Here PLC will accurately complete KMH (main contactor), (Y connects KMY
Tentaculum), KM △ (△ contactors) priority connect, the sequential of disjunction, with ensure blower fan can Successful startup, be unlikely to rising again
During dynamic, electrothermal relay misoperation.Oil pump electrical machinery capacity is smaller, so using across-the-line starting mode.When operating personnel press
When reset on operating desk and scram button, the main control contactor of the automatic disjunction blower fans of PLC and Oil pump electrical machinery completes it and stopped
Car.In addition, PLC gives the indicator lamp on operating desk in real time also by the electrothermal relay state of blower fan and Oil pump electrical machinery, it is aobvious in time
Show the malfunction of the two, so that operating personnel are handled in time.Realize that defencive function is as follows：
A) blast abnormal protection：Blast pressure is high and low will all to produce alarm signal, and stop ignition process；
B) combustion air fan is protected：When blower motor phase shortage and overload, frequency converter can report frequency conversion failure, cut-out blower fan electricity
Source, blowing out and sound and light alarm.
C) when fuel level in tank is low, alarm signal is produced, if oil level continues reduction and reaches extremely low point, emergent stopping combustion
Burn, and enter reset after purging state, purging；
D) oil-feed pump is protected：When pump motor phase shortage and overload, oil pump power supply, and sound and light alarm are cut off.
Coordinate with program controller, complete burner control：
First, PLC receives burner startup, the burner SR order of operating desk, and the startup of control burner is returned
Road is connected, air pressure switch, return pressure switch, Da Wen, up to press it is all not operating in the case of, burner normally starts, it
Afterwards, burner opens its internal operation state such as burner operation, ignition transformer state, flame monitoring state, return pressure
The information such as off status deliver to PLC, and PLC drives corresponding indicator lamp to ignite in real time by these signal transactings, point out operator
Member.When system breaks down, this signal must be delivered to program controller and broken by the SR on operating personnel's pressing operations platform, PLC
The starting-up later time of burner is opened, and reset signal is delivered into homing light, when operating personnel's pressing operations platform scram button,
PLC directly disconnects the power supply of program controller, and realization is stopped in emergency.
Secondly, PLC send ignition signal according to host computer temperature control order to ignition transformer, and monitors flame detecting in real time
The flare up fire of device；Node is sent to switch on and off order to program controller, with proportional regulation burner air output and recirculating oil quantity；Control
The needle-valve and oil-feed threshold switch of burner, the burning operation of control burner.In this process, safeguard protection is considered
Function is as follows：
Fuel pressure abnormal protection：Fuel pressure is high and low will all to produce alarm signal, and stop ignition process；
When fire defector finds flame-out, alarm signal is produced, stops ignition process；
When annealing temperature is high, alarm signal is produced, if temperature continues rise and reaches high point, emergent stopping burns,
And enter reset after purging state, purging；
When flue-gas temperature exceedes setting value, blowing out and sound light alarm；
Furthermore, PLC and operating desk fan purging hand/automatically control, manually boot blower fan purging, air door regulation hand/from
Dynamic control, manual damper open it is big turns down 4 snap fits, complete the manual damper of spherical tank and open big to turn down 4 buttons and match somebody with somebody
Close, the manual regulation of blower fan when completing the manual temperature control of spherical tank and in spherical tank cooling purging and air door manually.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is simple in construction, with multiple spot automatic temperature-adjusting control function, can strengthen the thermal effectiveness of spherical tank, improves
The intelligent level of equipment, reaches modern heat treatment technological requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
In figure：1st, beam bottom steel anchor rod 2, concrete voussoir 3, beam bottom pre-embedded steel slab 4, beam bottom tensional element 5, rubber blanket
Block 6, bolt 7, pier top tensional element 8, pier top pre-embedded steel slab 9, pier top steel anchor rod.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated：
Automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing as shown in Figure 1, includes spherical tank body, heater, temperature-detecting device
And control system；Wherein described temperature-detecting device includes temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is several, is dispersed throughout ball
Tank body outer surface, temperature sensor is directly connected with control system, and temperature signal is passed to control system；Described adds
Hot charging is set to burner, and burner extends into spherical tank body interior, and burner comes with blower fan and oil pump, wherein burner, wind
Machine and oil pump are both connected on control device；Described controller includes capture card, burner control, contactor, industry control
Machine and PLC program controller；Wherein industrial computer connection capture card, collect the signal from temperature sensor, industrial computer simultaneously with
PLC program controller is connected, and PLC program controller connects burner control and contactor respectively, and burner control is direct
Connect and control burner, contactor connects and controls blower fan and oil pump.
Carried out using above-mentioned automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing in heat-treating methods, the control mode of control device includes
Two parts a, part is to control burner combustion by HMI and PLC program controller, and a part is industrial computer collection and controlled
64 temperature sensors are made, is gathered and shown using card for industrial computer, PLC is then transmitted a signal to by industrial computer configuration software
Cyclelog realizes the accurate control of each temperature point；Temperature measuring point can increase according to user's request, and analog input card can expand
Exhibition.
Required according to control, in heating, when below 400 DEG C, spherical tank heating-up temperature can normal heating；400 DEG C with
On, by the temperature change programming rate of each measuring point in 50 DEG C/h~80 DEG C/h so that the temperature of any both sides on spherical shell surface
The temperature difference be not more than 120 DEG C
During cooling, then make its nature in 30 DEG C/h~50 DEG C/h from heat treatment temperature to the control of 400 DEG C of cooling rate
Cooling.
Control system uses hand/auto-changeover control, and automatic control and adjustment and manually can be realized according to process requirements
Control two kinds of control modes.
In the present embodiment, to 6000m3The calculation of Heat Load step of spherical tank whole body heat treatment process is made further specifically
It is bright：
1st, by international requirement, whole heat treatment process total time-consuming is 11.93 hours, 0 DEG C of environment temperature, the stable temperature of heat treatment
600 DEG C of degree；
Programming rate：50~80 DEG C (less than 400 DEG C do not control)
Cooling rate：30~50 DEG C (less than 400 DEG C do not control)
Constant temperature speed：120 minutes, 565~600 DEG C of constant temperature took maximum
2nd, thermodynamic metering：
The following manhole of this heat Balance Calculation is to the thermal balance region between upper manhole as spherical tank.In a work period
Interior, total amount of heat Σ Q are calculated by following formula required for heat treatment process：
Σ Q=Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4+Q5+Q6 (1)
Q1That heats ring tank metal has calculation heat；Q2Dissipated heat through thermosphere；Q3Lost through thermosphere accumulation of heat；Q4Fuel
The heat loss that oiling is imperfect combustion；Q5For the heat loss of fuel oil mechanical incomplete combustion；Q6Band when discharging flue gas by chimney
The heat walked；
2.1.Q1Heat the calculating of the efficient heat of ring tank metal：
In formula, m1For spherical shell thermal treatment quality, kg；ti、ti+1Respectively spherical shell is in the interval lower limit of heat treatment temperature, the upper limit
Temperature, DEG C；tmFor the time needed for spherical shell is heated to ceiling temperature from heat treatment temperature interval limit temperature, h；ci、ci+1Respectively
It is spherical shell in temperature tiAnd ti+1When specific heat capacity (table one), kcal/ (kg DEG C).
(1) technique initialization：
(2) thermal constant is provided
The Hi-Stren steel specific heat capacity of table one and thermal conductivity
Formula (2) is substituted into obtain：
Take 420 × 104Kcal/h
2.2Q2The calculating of dissipated heat through thermosphere：
In formula, thFor ceiling temperature, t between spherical shell heat-treatment zoneeFor heat treatment on site environment temperature, DEG C；d1To be straight in spherical tank
Footpath, d2For spherical tank external diameter, d3For heat insulation layer external diameter, mm；λmFor the thermal conductivity (table one) of Spherical Tank Shell Plates, λnFor the thermal conductivity of heat-barrier material
Rate (table two), kcal/ (hm DEG C)；αaFor convective heat-transfer coefficient of the thermal insulation layer outer surface to air, kcal/ (hm2·
℃).M, n, a take 1~6；th100 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 590 DEG C of value of difference.
Table two：The specific heat capacity at constant pressure and thermal conductivity of extra-fine glass-wool felt
Formula (3) is substituted into, is obtained：Q2=84 × 104Kcal/h takes 90 × 104Kcal/h
2.3 Q3The calculating lost through thermosphere accumulation of heat：
In formula, m2For thermal insulation layer quality, kg；cjFor the mean specific heat of thermal insulation layer, kcal/kg DEG C；t′j、t′j+1 Respectively thermal insulation layer initial average temperature and end of a period mean temperature between heat-treatment zone, DEG C.J takes 0~6, t '0=te,
t′1~t '7 Successively with 100 DEG C for separation.
Formula (4) is substituted into, is obtained：Q3=11.9 × 104Kcal/h takes 13 × 104Kcal/h
2.4 Q4The calculating for the heat loss that the oiling of fuel is imperfect combustion：
Q4=0.0553QhαBn (5)
In formula, QhFor fuel oil higher calorific value, Q generally can useh=44480kJ/kg；α is excess air coefficient, generally may be used
Take α=1.1；BnFor the fuel consumption of each temperature range, kg/h.
Thermal balance relation in heat treatment process, corresponding temperature interval fuel combustion liberated heat is equal to heat treatment
During the amount that consumes, fuel consumption BnIt is calculated as follows：
Q=QLBn (6)
Σ Q=Q (7)
This temperature range fuel consumption per hour：
Bn=Q/QL=Σ Q/QL (8)
Substitution formula (8) is obtained, consumption per hour：Bn=1100L/h
Substitution formula (5) is obtained：Q4=72.2 × 104Kcal/h takes 75 × 104Kcal/h
2.5 Q5The calculating of the heat loss of fuel oil mechanical incomplete combustion：
Q5=KBnQL (9)
In formula, K is unburned carbon loss rate, takes K=0.025；QLFor fuel oil lower calorific value, Q can useL=
41860kJ/kg。
Substitution formula (9), Q5=23 × 104Kcal/h takes 25 × 104Kcal/h
2.6 Q6The calculating for the heat taken away when discharging flue gas by chimney：
Q6=βbQLBn (10)
In formula, βbThe percentage of heat, % are taken away for flue gas.B, n take 1~7.
Substitution formula (10)：Q6=90 × 104Kcal/h, because exhaust gas temperature is higher, heat leakage is bigger, takes 30%, 300
×104It is described on Kcal/h ends, Q=Q1+…+Q6=910 × 104Kcal/h。
In the present embodiment, specific part includes following part：
Hardware components：
In heat treatment process, operating personnel input heat treatment cycle curve to industrial computer, and computer is automatically according to work
Skill requirement, produces the desired temperature at each moment in real time, the temperature signal gathered according to desired temperature and system thermocouple,
Produce output signal node, under be transmitted to PLC program controller, control the combustion process of burner.
Blower fan, oil pump operation and the correlation timing action of burner of PLC program controller control burner.
Selection isolation transmitting module, the temperature signal for 64 temperature spots of spherical tank that thermocouple is gathered is transported to capture card,
It is changed into corresponding voltage signal, and by A/D conversions, by serial communication interface, delivers to industrial computer, realize temperature
Real-time record printing.
(1) T series isolation transmitting module
For loop interference, the forceful electric power interference for overcoming distributed collection, long distance of signal transmission to bring, solve multiple signals and enter
The data acquisition board of same computer is interfered with each other, prevent the signal with strong jamming and dangerous potential be directly entered computer,
PLC device causes to damage, using T series isolation transmitting modules.Meanwhile, that module can also realize change on T series isolated borders
Function is sent, the mV voltage weak electric signals of K-type thermocouple are changed into 1~5V standard signal, so that capture card is received.
(2)ADAM4017+Capture card
ADAM4017+It is 16,8 tunnels analogy amount input modules, programmable adjustment range and school can be realized to each passage
Standard, can be achieved the isolation of 3000V voltages and ensures module and system from the high-tension infringement in the external world.It, which is inputted, uses differential input side
Formula, makes measurement more accurate.Modbus/RTU agreements are supported, be ensure that reliably errorless with computer communication.
(3) BIC UNIGAS burners and its cyclelog
BIC UNIGAS burners mainly include wind path and oil circuit two parts.It is empty that wind path part includes air door, blower fan and PAS
Bluster pressure switch.Oil circuit part includes oil-feed, oil return two parts, and oil-feed includes Oil pump electrical machinery, inlet valve, enters oil needle valve；Return
Oil includes return pressure switch, oil return regulating valve, oil return needle-valve.In addition, burner internal is also equipped with ignition transformer and fiery cigarette
Detector, the former is used to realize automatic ignition during temperature adjustment, and the latter is used to detect flame combustion state, when system starts
Afterwards without in flame or combustion process during abnormal misfire, so that system cuts off fuel oil supply in time.
Flame is completed after being formed, and is required according to the control of temperature control curve, and the servomotor of burner is connected to opening for S7-200
Open and shutdown command, according to amount of fuel and the scale parameter of air quantity, increase or reduction oil mass and air quantity, to adjust the big of flame
It is small, and then realize the accurate temperature control of spherical tank heat treatment.
The oil circuit of burner is divided into in-line and oil return line, and in-line is, by Oil pump electrical machinery, will to be taken out in fuel from fuel tank
Go out, oil nozzle is delivered to by inlet valve and needle-valve, atomization sprays；Oil inlet quantity in in-line, in addition to the part that atomization sprays, another portion
Divide and fuel tank is returned to by needle-valve, oil return valve.Oil return line is switched provided with return pressure, and when return pressure is excessive, system can be sent
Alarm, while program controller also just blocks startup and the working procedure of burner.The wind path of burner, only one is entered wind path, is led to
Cross blower fan and air is pumped into wind path, and by air door, adjust intake, mixed at oil nozzle with atomized fuel.Also set on wind path
There is air pressure switch, when burner starts, the necessary very little of air pressure, secondary switch necessarily be in operating state；And when atomization
After oil and wind mixing, now air pressure must reach certain value, and after pressure switch action, ignition transformer could light a fire, and make combustion
Burner is burnt.Burner flame situation, is monitored by fiery smoke detector, when fray-out of flame, and burner can alarm, and stop work
Make.
(4) S7-200 programmable controllers
S7-200 programmable controllers must coordinate host computer, burner program controller, button and instruction on operating desk
Lamp, the blower fan of burner and Oil pump electrical machinery complete the SECO of burner.
And upper machine communication 1)
The node control order of real-time reception host computer, and this order is transmitted to program controller, control air door and oil
Opening greatly and turning down for valve, realizes the flame adjusting of burner, in real time the temperature of control spherical tank.
2) control blower fan and Oil pump electrical machinery start and stop and operation
When operating personnel's pressing operations platform start button, PLC automatically controls blower fan and Oil pump electrical machinery starts.Due to blower fan
Capacity is larger, it is impossible to directly initiate, but uses Y/ △ to start.Here PLC will accurately complete KMH (main contactor), (Y connects KMY
Tentaculum), KM △ (△ contactors) priority connect, the sequential of disjunction, with ensure blower fan can Successful startup, be unlikely to rising again
During dynamic, electrothermal relay misoperation.Oil pump electrical machinery capacity is smaller, so using across-the-line starting mode.When operating personnel press
When reset on operating desk and scram button, the main control contactor of the automatic disjunction blower fans of PLC and Oil pump electrical machinery completes it and stopped
Car.In addition, PLC gives the indicator lamp on operating desk in real time also by the electrothermal relay state of blower fan and Oil pump electrical machinery, it is aobvious in time
Show the malfunction of the two, so that operating personnel are handled in time.Realize that defencive function is as follows：
Blast abnormal protection：Blast pressure is high and low will all to produce alarm signal, and stop ignition process；
Combustion air fan is protected：When blower motor phase shortage and overload, frequency converter can report frequency conversion failure, cut off fan power,
Blowing out and sound and light alarm；
When fuel level in tank is low, alarm signal is produced, if oil level continues reduction and reaches extremely low point, emergent stopping combustion
Burn, and enter reset after purging state, purging；
Oil-feed pump is protected：When pump motor phase shortage and overload, oil pump power supply, and sound and light alarm are cut off.
3) coordinate with program controller, complete burner control
First, PLC receives burner startup, the burner SR order of operating desk, and the startup of control burner is returned
Road is connected, air pressure switch, return pressure switch, Da Wen, up to press it is all not operating in the case of, burner normally starts, it
Afterwards, burner opens its internal operation state such as burner operation, ignition transformer state, flame monitoring state, return pressure
The information such as off status deliver to PLC, and PLC drives corresponding indicator lamp to ignite in real time by these signal transactings, point out operator
Member.When system breaks down, this signal must be delivered to program controller and broken by the SR on operating personnel's pressing operations platform, PLC
The starting-up later time of burner is opened, and reset signal is delivered into homing light, when operating personnel's pressing operations platform scram button,
PLC directly disconnects the power supply of program controller, and realization is stopped in emergency.
Secondly, PLC send ignition signal according to host computer temperature control order to ignition transformer, and monitors flame detecting in real time
The flare up fire of device；Node is sent to switch on and off order to program controller, with proportional regulation burner air output and recirculating oil quantity；Control
The needle-valve and oil-feed threshold switch of burner, the burning operation of control burner.In this process, safeguard protection is considered
Function is as follows：
Fuel pressure abnormal protection：Fuel pressure is high and low will all to produce alarm signal, and stop ignition process；
When fire defector finds flame-out, alarm signal is produced, stops ignition process；
When annealing temperature is high, alarm signal is produced, if temperature continues rise and reaches high point, emergent stopping burns,
And enter reset after purging state, purging；
When flue-gas temperature exceedes setting value, blowing out and sound light alarm；
Furthermore, PLC and operating desk fan purging hand/automatically control, manually boot blower fan purging, air door regulation hand/from
Dynamic control, manual damper open it is big turns down 4 snap fits, complete the manual damper of spherical tank and open big to turn down 4 buttons and match somebody with somebody
Close, the manual regulation of blower fan when completing the manual temperature control of spherical tank and in spherical tank cooling purging and air door manually.
Software section：
1) KingView is programmed
First, KingView programming will complete the input that spherical tank is heat-treated information, such as：Engineering project title, operating personnel, apply
Between man-hour, thermocouple quantity, temperature height alarming value etc., so that system correctly records the data of construction.
Secondly, KingView programming will complete and gather the communication of card module, in real time the temperature information of 50 points of spherical tank of collection, and
Real-time displays temperature curve, meanwhile, KingView will also be embedded in the image pickup signal of burner flame, be easy to operating personnel's observation and place
Reason.
2) Visual Basic are programmed
Visual Basic programmings will complete to be connected with the DDE dynamic datas of KingView, realize from KingView and obtain spherical tank
The real time data of temperature, and then realize every 4s writing functions of temperature data, while the history curve of temperature is also formed, so as to
Call, consult at any time.
Most importantly Visual Basic will complete the accurate control of spherical tank temperature.First, Visual Basic will
The target temperature control curve of first typing spherical tank heat treatment, and the curve is divided into the temperature of each controlling cycle according to required precision
Degree control sub-goal curve, that is, produce the target temperature value of each controlling cycle, then, according to collecting current temperature value in real time
With the target temperature value of next controlling cycle, output node control signal, PLC is to adjust the air intake and oil inlet quantity of burner, in fact
When heat treatment temperature control.
Control system inventory：
Described above is only the Application Example of the present invention, can not limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
Enclose, therefore the equivalence changes made according to scope of the present invention patent, still belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. one kind carries out heat-treating methods using automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing, it is characterised in that：The automation spherical tank
Equipment for Heating Processing, includes spherical tank body, heater, temperature-detecting device and control system；Wherein described temperature detection
Device includes temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is several, is dispersed throughout spherical tank body outer surface, temperature sensor directly with
Control system is connected, and temperature signal is passed to control system；Described heater is burner, burner extension goal
Tank body interior, burner comes with blower fan and oil pump, and wherein burner, blower fan and oil pump is both connected on control device；Institute
The controller stated includes capture card, burner control, contactor, industrial computer and PLC program controller；Wherein industrial computer connects
Capture card is connect, the signal from temperature sensor is collected, industrial computer is connected with PLC program controller simultaneously, PLC program controller
Burner control and contactor are connected respectively, and burner control is directly connected to and controls burner, and contactor is connected and controlled
Blower fan and oil pump processed；
The control mode of control device includes two parts, and a part is to control burner to fire by HMI and PLC program controller
Burn, a part is 64 temperature sensors of industrial computer collection and control, is gathered and shown using card for industrial computer, then passes through industry control
Machine configuration software transmits a signal to the accurate control that PLC program controller realizes each temperature point；Temperature measuring point can according to
Family increase in demand, analog input card can extend；
Required according to control, in heating, when below 400 DEG C, spherical tank heating-up temperature can normal heating；More than 400 DEG C, lead to
The temperature change programming rate of each measuring point is crossed in 50 DEG C/h, 80 DEG C/h so that the temperature difference of the temperature of any both sides on spherical shell surface
No more than 120 DEG C；
During cooling, then make it naturally cold in 30 DEG C/h, 50 DEG C/h from heat treatment temperature to the control of 400 DEG C of cooling rate
But；
Control system uses hand/auto-changeover control, automatic control and adjustment can be realized according to process requirements and manually controlled
Two kinds of control modes；
In heat treatment process, operating personnel input heat treatment cycle curve to industrial computer, and computer will automatically according to technique
Ask, the desired temperature at each moment is produced in real time, the temperature signal gathered according to desired temperature and system thermocouple is produced
Output signal node, under be transmitted to PLC program controller, control the combustion process of burner；
Blower fan, oil pump operation and the correlation timing action of burner of PLC program controller control burner；
Selection isolation transmitting module, the temperature signal for 64 temperature spots of spherical tank that thermocouple is gathered is transported to capture card, changed
For corresponding voltage signal, and by A/D conversions, by serial communication interface, industrial computer is delivered to, the reality of temperature is realized
Shi Jilu is printed；
Flame is completed after being formed, and is required according to the control of temperature control curve, and the servomotor of burner is connected to PLC program controller
Order is opened and closed, according to amount of fuel and the scale parameter of air quantity, increase or reduction oil mass and air quantity, to adjust the big of flame
It is small, and then realize the accurate temperature control of spherical tank heat treatment.
2. as claimed in claim 1 carry out heat-treating methods using automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing, it is characterised in that institute
The burner stated includes wind path and oil circuit two parts, and wind path part includes air door, blower fan and PAS air flame pressure switches；Oil circuit
Part includes oil-feed, oil return two parts, and oil-feed includes Oil pump electrical machinery, inlet valve, enters oil needle valve；Oil return is opened including return pressure
Pass, oil return regulating valve, oil return needle-valve.
3. as claimed in claim 1 carry out heat-treating methods using automation spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing, it is characterised in that institute
The burner internal stated is also equipped with ignition transformer and fiery smoke detector, and the former is used to realize from dynamic point during temperature adjustment
Fire, the latter be used for detect flame combustion state, when system startup after without flame or combustion process in abnormal misfire when, so as to system
Cut-out fuel oil supply in time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510725534.5A CN105200221B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Automate spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510725534.5A CN105200221B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Automate spherical tank Equipment for Heating Processing and method |
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| CN105200221A CN105200221A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| CN105200221B true CN105200221B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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| CN107130097B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-01-11 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | The spherical tank heat treatment system that multi-combustor accurately controls |
| CN110512066B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-30 | 大连金鼎石油化工机器有限公司 | Heat treatment process method for spherical tank |
| CN115074505A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-20 | 中国化学工程第三建设有限公司 | Integral heat treatment method and windproof device for steel spherical storage tank |
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