JP4401723B2 - Manual transmission speed change mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention generally relates to a shift operation mechanism of a manual transmission for an automobile, and more particularly to a shift operation mechanism of a manual transmission having an H-type shift pattern in which a reverse stage is provided below a maximum shift stage.

  The reverse shift mechanism of a 6-speed manual transmission that performs reverse shift using the seesaw mechanism of a conventional reverse shift lever is a shift piece that is attached to a shift select shaft so as to be rotatable and axially movable. When there is a phase with the reverse shift piece arranged in the shift piece for moving, the reverse shift fork is moved through the reverse shift piece to perform the reverse shift.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-116141 discloses a five-speed manual transmission having an H-type shift pattern in which a reverse stage is provided below the fifth speed, and reverses with a one-way function by the following mechanism. A shift operation device for a manual transmission that performs shifting is disclosed.

  That is, at the time of reverse shift, the 5th-reverse shift piece pushes the cam surface of the reverse shift fork, and the reverse shift fork is activated to move the reverse idle gear. Thereby, the reverse idle gear meshes with both the reverse drive gear and the reverse driven gear, and the reverse stage is established.

On the other hand, at the time of the fifth speed shift, the fifth speed shift fork is operated to establish the fifth speed stage. 5-speed-The reverse shift fork will not operate because the reverse shift piece does not hit the cam surface of the reverse shift fork.
JP 2001-116141 A

  If you want to change a conventional 6-speed manual transmission using a reverse-shift lever seesaw mechanism to a 5-speed manual transmission, use the 5th gear to change to an H-type shift pattern with a reverse gear below the 5th gear. It is necessary to provide a one-way mechanism so that the reverse shift fork does not operate during shifting.

  In order to provide such a one-way mechanism, components such as a cam, a plate that supports the cam, and bolts that fix the plate are usually required, which increases the number of components. In addition, since there are caulking between the cam and the plate, the number of manufacturing steps increases, and there is a problem that it is not so easy to change the 6-speed manual transmission to the 5th speed.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a transmission operation mechanism for a manual transmission that can be easily changed from a 6-speed manual transmission to a 5-speed manual transmission.

According to the present invention, there is provided a shift operation mechanism of a manual transmission having an H-type shift pattern in which a reverse stage is provided below the highest shift stage, and a shift operation member movable along the H-type shift pattern; A shift select shaft that is rotatable and non-movable in the axial direction with respect to the transmission case, and is attached to the shift select shaft so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction. A first shift piece that moves, an interlocking member that is rotatably attached to the shift select shaft, and that rotates together with the first shift piece in response to a select operation of the shift operation member, and is axially movable to the transmission case A first shift fork shaft attached to the A second shift fork that is fixed to the first shift fork shaft and has a first end that can be engaged with the first shift piece. A shift piece, a reverse shift lever having a first end and a second end, and swingably attached to the transmission case; a second shift fork shaft attached to the transmission case so as to be axially movable; A reverse shift fork fixed to the second shift fork shaft so that one end engages with a second end of the reverse shift lever; and the reverse shift lever integrally with the reverse shift lever on the first end side of the reverse shift lever A reverse shift cam rotatably mounted on the transmission case so as to swing. And the reverse shift cams mounted swingably in the reverse shift lever bracket provided fixed or integrally to the transmission case with the biaxially-turning portion, and the reverse shift cam and the reverse shift lever is engaged We are constrained to swing integrally about the axis rotation portion in parts, when the first shift fork shaft swings in a first direction, the second shift piece is the reverse shift cam contact The reverse shift cam swings the reverse shift lever about the shaft rotation portion via the engagement portion, whereby the second shift fork shaft and the reverse shift fork are moved to move the reverse stage. While the first shift fork shaft is in a second direction opposite to the first direction A manual transmission speed change operation mechanism is provided, wherein the second shift piece and the reverse shift cam are shaped and arranged so as not to contact each other so as not to swing the reverse shift lever when moved. The

  According to the present invention configured as described above, when the first shift fork shaft moves in the first direction, the second shift piece abuts on the reverse shift cam and swings the reverse shift lever. Moved to establish reverse stage.

  When the first shift fork shaft moves in the second direction opposite to the first direction, the second shift piece and the reverse shift cam are shaped and arranged so as not to contact each other so as not to swing the reverse shift lever. ing. Therefore, in this case, the shift fork for operating the highest gear is moved and the highest gear is established.

  Preferably, the reverse shift cam has a protrusion, and the protrusion is engaged with a hole provided in the reverse shift lever, so that the reverse shift cam is integrated with the reverse shift lever so as to swing.

  According to the present invention, for example, a 6-speed manual transmission can be easily changed to a 5-speed manual transmission with minimal replacement and addition of parts. Therefore, a common reverse shift lever can be used for the 6-speed manual transmission and the 5-speed manual transmission.

  Further, the shift operation mechanism of the 5-speed manual transmission according to the present invention is provided with a 6-speed manual transmission and a 5-speed manual transmission because a reverse shift cam as a link mechanism is added to the shift operation mechanism of the 6-speed manual transmission. The load efficiency can be changed, and the feeling can be easily changed in a transmission having the same basic structure.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a longitudinal sectional view of a 6-speed manual transmission is shown. In the transmission case 2, a main shaft 4, a counter shaft 6 and a reverse shaft 8 are arranged in parallel to each other.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes a clutch. The clutch 10 is connected to a crankshaft 2 of an engine (not shown), and serves to selectively transmit engine power to the main shaft 4. Since the clutch 10 has a known structure, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Between the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 6, there are provided a plurality of transmission gear trains that define each of the first to sixth speeds. That is, the first speed gear train 14, the second speed gear train 16, the third speed gear train 18, the fourth speed gear train 20, the fifth speed gear train 22 and the sixth speed gear train 24 are arranged in this order from the right side in the axial direction.

  The first-speed gear train 14 includes a drive gear 26 fixedly attached to the main shaft 4 and a driven gear 28 rotatably attached to the counter shaft 6. The drive gear 26 and the driven gear 28 mesh with each other. .

  The second speed gear train 16 includes a drive gear 30 fixedly attached to the main shaft 4 and a driven gear 32 rotatably attached to the counter shaft 6, and the drive gear 30 and the driven gear 32 mesh with each other. .

  The third-speed gear train 18 includes a drive gear 34 that is rotatably attached to the main shift 4 and a driven gear 36 that is fixedly attached to the counter shaft 6. The drive gear 34 and the driven gear 36 mesh with each other. .

  The 4-speed gear train 20 includes a drive gear 38 that is rotatably attached to the main shaft 4 and a driven gear 40 that is fixedly attached to the counter shaft 6. The drive gear 38 and the driven gear 40 are meshed with each other. .

  The fifth gear train 22 includes a drive gear 42 that is rotatably attached to the main shaft 4 and a driven gear 44 that is fixedly attached to the counter shaft 6. The drive gear 42 and the driven gear 44 mesh with each other. .

  The sixth speed gear train 24 includes a drive gear 46 that is rotatably attached to the main shaft 4 and a driven gear 48 that is fixedly attached to the counter shaft 6. The drive gear 46 and the driven gear 48 mesh with each other. .

  Switching between the transmission gear trains is performed by three synchromesh mechanisms 50, 52, and 54. The first synchromesh mechanism 50 is provided on the counter shaft 6 between the first speed driven gear 28 and the second speed driven gear 32.

  The second synchromesh mechanism 52 is provided on the main shaft 4 between the third speed drive gear 34 and the fourth speed drive gear 38. The third synchromesh mechanism 54 is provided on the main shaft 4 between the fifth speed drive gear 42 and the sixth speed drive gear 46.

  Except at the time of a shift change, the power of the main shaft 4 is transmitted to the countershaft 6 through the transmission gear train selected by the operation of the synchromesh mechanisms 50, 52, and 54.

  Then, after being decelerated by the final reduction gear ratio of the final reduction gear train composed of the final drive gear 56 and the final driven gear 58, it is transmitted to the differential device 60. As a result, the drive wheel rotates in the forward direction.

  On the other hand, at the time of reverse, first, all the synchromesh mechanisms 50 to 54 are set to the neutral state. The first reverse gear 62 rotatably attached to the reverse shaft 8 always meshes with the first-speed drive gear 26, and the second reverse gear 66 rotatably attached to the reverse shaft 8 is fixed to the counter shaft 6. It always meshes with the attached reverse driven gear 64.

In this state, when the reverse sleeve 68 moves rightward in FIG. 1 by the operation of a reverse shift fork described later, the second reverse gear 66 is coupled to the first reverse gear 62. Thereby, the power of the main shaft 4 is transmitted to the counter shaft 6 via the first speed drive gear 26, the first reverse gear 62, the second reverse gear 66, and the reverse driven gear 64.

  At the time of reverse, since power is transmitted to the countershaft 6 via the first and second reverse gears 62 and 66, the rotation direction of the countershaft 6 is opposite to that at the time of forward movement, and the drive wheels are moved in the reverse direction. Rotate.

  In FIG. 1, in order to clarify the structures of the reverse shaft 8 and the first and second reverse gears 62 and 66, these are shown above the reverse driven gear 64. It should be noted that 66 exists at a position where it can mesh with the reverse driven gear 64.

  Referring to FIG. 2, an H-type shift pattern of a 6-speed manual transmission is schematically shown. The change lever L is configured to perform a selection operation indicated by X in FIG. 2 and a shift operation in a direction indicated by Y perpendicular to the selection operation direction.

  In the select operation direction, the first speed-2nd speed select position P1, the third speed-4th speed select position P2, the fifth speed-6th speed select position P3, and the reverse select position P4 are arranged in a line. The shift lever L can be moved to the first speed position D1 or the second speed position D2 by a shift operation at the first speed-2nd speed select position P1.

  Similarly, the shift lever L can be moved to the 3rd speed position D3 or the 4th speed position D4 by a shift operation at the 3rd speed-4th speed select position P2, and the shift operation at the 5th speed-6th speed select position P3 can be performed, The change lever L can be moved to the fifth speed position D5 or the sixth speed position D6. Further, the shift lever L can be moved to the reverse position R by a shift operation at the reverse position P4.

  Referring to FIG. 3, a side view of the speed change operation mechanism of the 6-speed manual transmission shown in FIG. 1 is shown. FIG. 4 is a view in the A direction of the reverse shift mechanism shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is similar to FIG. 4, but schematically shows the overall configuration of a reverse shift mechanism of a 6-speed manual transmission.

  The shift select shaft 70 is attached to the transmission case 2 so as to be rotatable and not movable in the axial direction. A shift piece 72 is attached to the shift select shaft 70 so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction, and an interlock member 74 is attached so as to be rotatable and immovable in the axial direction. When the interlock member 74 rotates around the shift select shaft 70, the shift piece 72 rotates together.

  Referring to FIG. 3, reference numeral 76 denotes a 1-2 speed shift fork shaft, and a 1-2 speed shift fork 78 and a 1-2 speed shift piece 80 are fixed to the 1-2 speed shift fork shaft 76.

  Similarly, a 3-4 speed shift fork 84 and a 3-4 speed shift piece 86 are fixed to the 3-4 speed shift fork shaft 82, and a 5-6 speed shift fork is attached to the 5-6 speed shift fork shaft 88. The 90 and 5-6 speed shift pieces 92 are fixed.

  A reverse shift piece 94 is attached to the 5-6 speed shift fork shaft 88 so as to be movable in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the 1-2 speed shift piece 80, the 3-4 speed shift piece 86, the 5-6 speed shift piece 92 and the reverse shift piece 94 are rotatably attached to the shift select shaft 70. When the shift piece 72 rotates in response to the selection operation, the protrusion 72a of the shift piece 72 engages with the selected shift piece 80, 86, 92 or 94.

  When the change lever L is moved in the X direction in FIG. 2, the interlock member 74 rotates around the shift select shaft 70. In response to this, the shift piece 72 also rotates with the interlock member 74.

  Next, with reference to FIG.4 and FIG.5, the speed change operation mechanism of a 6-speed manual transmission is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 5, the shift lever 110 and the shift arm 114 are fixed to the shaft 112.

  When the shift lever 110 rotates counterclockwise around the center of the shaft 112 in response to the reverse shift operation of the change lever L, the shift arm 114 similarly rotates counterclockwise. As a result, the shift piece 72 moves upward in FIG. Reference numeral 116 denotes a detent mechanism, which can lock the shift arm 114 at a central neutral position and three left and right rotational position meters.

  When the shift piece 72 moves upward along the shift select shaft 70, the reverse shift piece 94 is moved upward along the 5-6 speed shift fork shaft (first shift fork shaft) 88. The 5-6 speed shift fork shaft 88 is attached to the transmission case 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction as described above.

  As best shown in FIG. 6, the reverse shift lever 96 is swingably attached by inserting a pin 98 into a hole of a bracket 97 fixed or integrated with the transmission case 2. The reverse shift lever 96 has a hole 99 including a small diameter portion 99a.

The reverse shift lever 96 is engaged with the reverse shift piece 94 at the first end 96a, and is engaged with the reverse shift fork 102 at the second end 96b. The reverse shift fork 102 is fixed to a reverse shift fork shaft (second shift fork shaft) 100 . The reverse shift fork shaft 100 is attached to the transmission case 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

  Therefore, when the reverse shift piece 94 moves upward in FIG. 5, the reverse shift lever 96 rotates around the pin 98 in the clockwise direction. As a result, the reverse shift fork shaft 100 and the reverse shift fork 102 are moved downward, and the reverse sleeve 68 engaged with the reverse shift fork 102 is also moved downward.

  As a result, the second reverse gear 66 is coupled to the first reverse gear 62, and the power of the main shaft 4 is countered via the first speed drive gear 26, the first reverse gear 62, the second reverse gear 66 and the reverse driven gear 64. It is transmitted to the shaft 6.

  The reverse shift fork shaft 100 is locked at two positions by a detent mechanism 118. Since the reverse shift piece 94 is slidably attached to the 5-6 speed shift fork shaft 88, the third synchromesh mechanism 54 is held at the neutral position during reverse shift, and the fifth speed gear train 22 or The 6-speed gear train 24 does not operate.

  In the present invention, the shift operation mechanism of the 6-speed manual transmission described above is improved so that most of the parts constituting the shift operation mechanism can be shared by the shift operation mechanism of the 5-speed manual transmission. With reference to FIGS. 7 to 13, an embodiment of the speed change operation mechanism of the present invention will be described in detail.

  FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a 5-speed manual transmission to which the present invention is applied. As is clear from the longitudinal sectional view of the 6-speed manual transmission shown in FIG. 1, the 5-speed manual transmission shown in FIG. 7 is obtained by removing the 6-speed gear train 24 from the 6-speed manual transmission shown in FIG. Other configurations are the same as those of the 6-speed manual transmission. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted to avoid duplication.

Except at the time of a shift change, the power of the main shaft 4 is transmitted to the countershaft 6 through the transmission gear trains 14 to 22 selected by the operation of the synchromesh mechanisms 50, 52, and 54.

  Then, after being decelerated by the final reduction gear train of the final reduction gear train including the final drive gear 56 and the final driven gear 58, it is transmitted to the differential device 60. As a result, the drive wheel rotates in the forward direction.

  On the other hand, at the time of reverse, all the synchromesh mechanisms 50 to 54 are set to the neutral state, and the reverse sleeve 68 is moved to the right side in FIG. 66 is coupled to the first reverse gear 62.

  Thereby, the power of the main shaft 4 is transmitted to the counter shaft 6 via the first speed drive gear 26, the first reverse gear 62, the second reverse gear 66, and the reverse driven gear 64.

  Referring to FIG. 8, there is shown a general H-type shift pattern of a 5-speed manual transmission in which a reverse position R is provided below the 5-speed position D5. In FIG. 8, X is the select direction and Y is the shift direction.

  The shift lever L can be moved to the 1st speed position D1 or the 2nd speed position D2 by the shift operation at the select position P1 for the 1-2th speed, and 3% by the shift operation at the select position P2 for the 3-4th speed. The change lever L can be moved to the speed position D3 or the fourth speed position D4. Further, the shift lever L can be moved to the fifth speed position D5 or the reverse position R by a shift operation at the 5-reverse select position P3.

  Hereinafter, the shift operation mechanism of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. The same components as those of the speed change operation mechanism of the 6-speed manual transmission shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 will be described with the same reference numerals.

  The speed change operation mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention removes the reverse shift piece 94 from the speed change operation mechanism of the 6-speed manual transmission described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6, and the 5-6 speed shift fork shaft or the 5-R shift fork. A 5-R shift piece 104 is fixed to a shaft (first shift fork shaft) 88, and a reverse shift cam 106 is attached to a reverse shift lever 96 as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the reverse shift cam 106 has a hole 120 into which the pin 108 is inserted and a protrusion 122 that is engaged with a small diameter portion 99 a of the hole 99 formed in the reverse shift lever 96.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the pin 108 is inserted into the hole 101 (see FIG. 6) formed in the bracket 97 and the hole 120 of the reverse shift cam 106, and the protrusion 122 is engaged with the small diameter portion 99 a of the hole 99 of the reverse shift lever 96. The reverse shift cam 106 is rotatably attached to the bracket 97 so as to match.

  As a result, the reverse shift cam 106 is restrained with respect to the reverse shift lever 96 at two points of the pin 108 and the protrusion 122, so that the reverse shift cam 106 swings around the pin 98 integrally with the reverse shift lever 96. .

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the first end 96 a of the reverse shift lever 96 is not engaged with the 5-R shift piece 104 fixed to the 5-R shift fork shaft 88.

  The 5-R shift piece 104 and the reverse shift cam 106 are shaped and arranged so that the reverse shift piece 106 contacts the 5-R shift piece 104 at one point P.

  Therefore, when the 5-R shift fork shaft 88 moves upward in FIG. 11, the reverse shift lever 96 swings in the clockwise direction through the integrally connected reverse shift cam 106.

  Even if the 5-R shift fork shaft 88 moves downward, there is a sufficient gap between the 5-R shift piece 104 and the reverse shift cam 106, so that the reverse shift lever 96 is neutral without swinging. Kept in position.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the speed change operation mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention will be described mainly with reference to FIG. When the change lever L is shifted to the reverse position R in the shift pattern shown in FIG. 8, the shift lever 110 and the shift arm 114 fixed together to the shaft 112 rotate counterclockwise around the center of the shaft 112. As a result, the shift piece 72 is moved upward along the shift select shaft 72.

  Therefore, the 5-R shift piece 104 fixed to the 5-R shift fork shaft 88 is moved upward in FIG. As a result, since the reverse shift cam 106 is in contact with the 5-R shift piece 104 at the point P, the reverse shift lever 96 swings around the pin 98 via the reverse shift cam 106 in the clockwise direction.

  Since the reverse shift fork 102 fixed to the reverse shift fork shaft (second shift fork shaft) 100 is engaged with the second end 96b of the reverse shift lever 96, the reverse shift fork 102 is directed downward in FIG. Moved to. As a result, the reverse sleeve 68 engaged with the tip of the reverse shift fork 102 is also moved downward, and the second reverse gear 66 is coupled to the first reverse gear 62.

  Therefore, the power of the main shaft 4 is transmitted to the counter shaft 6 via the first speed drive gear 26, the first reverse gear 62, the second reverse gear 66, and the reverse driven gear 64, and the reverse stage is established.

  On the other hand, when the change lever L is shifted to the fifth speed position D5 in FIG. 8, both the shift lever 110 and the shift arm 114 rotate clockwise, and the shift piece 72 is moved downward in FIG. .

  As a result, the 5-R shift piece 104 is also moved downward. However, since there is a sufficient gap between the 5-R shift piece 104 and the reverse shift cam 106, the reverse shift lever 96 swings at all. The neutral position shown in FIG.

  According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the reverse one-way mechanism using the 5-R shift piece 104 and the reverse shift cam 106 reliably prevents the reverse from being meshed by mistake during the fifth speed shift.

  At the time of the fifth speed shift, the fifth speed shift fork 90 fixed to the 5-R shift fork shaft 88 operates the third synchromesh mechanism 54 to couple the fifth speed drive gear 42 to the main shaft 4. Therefore, the power of the main shaft 4 is transmitted to the counter shaft 6 via the fifth speed drive gear 42 and the fifth speed driven gear 44, and the fifth speed stage is established.

  Although the present invention has been described above with respect to the transmission operation mechanism of a manual transmission having an H-type shift pattern in which a reverse gear is provided below the fifth gear, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be similarly applied to a shift operation mechanism of a manual transmission that changes the gear to the seventh gear.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a 6-speed manual transmission. It is a figure which shows the H-type shift pattern of a 6-speed transmission. It is a side view of the speed change operation mechanism of a 6-speed manual transmission. It is an A direction arrow directional view of FIG. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the speed change operation mechanism of a 6-speed manual transmission. It is a perspective view which shows how to attach a reverse shift lever. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a 5-speed manual transmission to which the speed change operation device of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the H-type shift pattern of a 5-speed manual transmission. It is a side view of the speed change operation device of the 5-speed manual transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is an arrow view of the A direction of FIG. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the speed change operation mechanism of the 5-speed manual transmission of this invention embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows how to attach a reverse shift lever and a reverse shift cam. It is a perspective view of a reverse shift cam.

Explanation of symbols

4 Main shaft 6 Counter shaft 8 Reverse shaft 10 Clutch 26 First speed drive gear 62 First reverse gear 64 Reverse driven gear 66 Second reverse gear 68 Reverse sleeve 70 Shift select shaft 72 Shift piece 74 Interlock member 88 5-R shift fork shaft (1st shift fork shaft)
94 Reverse shift piece 96 Reverse shift lever 100 Reverse shift fork shaft (second shift fork shaft)
102 Reverse shift fork 104 5-R shift piece 106 Reverse shift cam

Claims (2)

A shift operation mechanism of a manual transmission having an H-type shift pattern in which a reverse gear is provided below the highest gear,
A shift operating member movable along the H-shaped shift pattern;
A shift select shaft that is rotatable and axially immovable with respect to the transmission case;
A first shift piece attached to the shift select shaft so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction, and moving in the axial direction in response to a shift operation of the shift operation member;
An interlock member rotatably attached to the shift select shaft and rotating together with the first shift piece in response to a select operation of the speed change operation member;
A first shift fork shaft attached to the transmission case so as to be axially movable;
A shift fork for operating the maximum gear position fixed to the first shift fork shaft;
A second shift piece having a first end engageable with the first shift piece and fixed to the first shift fork shaft;
A reverse shift lever having a first end and a second end and pivotably attached to the transmission case;
A second shift fork shaft attached to the transmission case so as to be axially movable;
A reverse shift fork fixed to the second shift fork shaft such that one end engages with the second end of the reverse shift lever;
A reverse shift cam rotatably attached to the transmission case so as to swing integrally with the reverse shift lever on the first end side of the reverse shift lever;
The reverse shift cam is swingably attached to a bracket fixed to or integrally with the transmission case together with the reverse shift lever by a shaft rotating portion, and the reverse shift cam and the reverse shift lever are engaged portions. It is constrained to swing integrally around the shaft rotation part ,
When the first shift fork shaft swings in the first direction, the second shift piece abuts on the reverse shift cam , and the reverse shift cam is centered on the shaft rotation portion via the engagement portion and the reverse shift cam. While swinging the shift lever, the second shift fork shaft and the reverse shift fork are moved to establish a reverse stage,
When the first shift fork shaft moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the second shift piece and the reverse shift cam are shaped so as not to contact each other so as not to swing the reverse shift lever. A transmission operation mechanism for a manual transmission, characterized in that the transmission operation mechanism is arranged.   The manual transmission transmission operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the maximum gear is 5th gear.

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