JP4397872B2 - Iron-based high hardness shot material and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Iron-based high hardness shot material and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、高硬度、高靱性で安価な鉄基高硬度ショット材およびその製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a high hardness, high toughness and inexpensive iron-based high hardness shot material and a method for producing the same.
一般に、ショットピーニングは被処理材の表面に圧縮残留応力を付与させて、疲労強度を改善できる有効な表面処理方法であり、ばねやギヤ等の自動車部品、あるいは金型材などにも適用されている。近年、浸炭焼入れ処理を行ったギヤなど、被処理材の高硬度化が進んでおり、これら部材へのショット材にも高硬度化が求められている。すなわち、表面硬度の高い被処理材に対し、低硬度なショット材を用いたショットピーニングでは高い圧縮残留応力が得られない。 In general, shot peening is an effective surface treatment method that can improve the fatigue strength by applying compressive residual stress to the surface of the material to be treated, and is also applied to automobile parts such as springs and gears or mold materials. . In recent years, materials to be processed such as gears that have been subjected to carburizing and quenching have been increased in hardness, and shot materials for these members are also required to have increased hardness. That is, a high compressive residual stress cannot be obtained by shot peening using a shot material having a low hardness with respect to a material having a high surface hardness.
また、自動車等の更なる軽量化に伴い、益々高硬度な被処理材をショットピーニングする必要があるため、さらに高硬度を有するショット材が求められている。高硬度なショット材としては、ガラスビーズやアルミナビーズなどのセラミックスがあるが、これらのセラミックスは金属粉末と比較し脆性であるため、ショットピーニングにより破砕しやすく、ショット材の寿命が短いという問題がある。 In addition, with further weight reduction of automobiles and the like, it is necessary to shot peening a material having a higher hardness, and therefore a shot material having a higher hardness is required. High-hardness shot materials include ceramics such as glass beads and alumina beads. However, these ceramics are more brittle than metal powders, so they are easily crushed by shot peening and have a short life span. is there.
上記のような課題に対し、ＨＶ１４００を超えるような高硬度および高靱性を有する超硬製ショット材として、例えば特開平８−３２３６２６号公報（特許文献１）が提案されているが、しかし、鋳鉄製ショット材などと比較して非常に高価である。また、特開２００２−３６１１５号公報（特許文献２）に開示されているように、高硬度および高靱性を有する鉄系アモルファスショット材が提案されているが、硬度の上限はＨＶ１１００で、実施例においてはＨＶ１０００が最も高硬度となっており、ＨＶ１１００を超えるような金属粉末を製造するのは非常に困難である。 For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-323626 (Patent Document 1) has been proposed as a cemented carbide shot material having high hardness and high toughness exceeding HV1400, however, cast iron It is very expensive as compared with shot material made of steel. Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-36115 (Patent Document 2), an iron-based amorphous shot material having high hardness and high toughness has been proposed, but the upper limit of hardness is HV1100. In HV1000, HV1000 has the highest hardness, and it is very difficult to produce a metal powder exceeding HV1100.
一方、高硬度なセラミックス相を、高靱性な金属相で結合した材料としてサーメットがあるが、一般的に造粒、焼結により製造するため、アトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法と比較すると製造コストが高くなってしまう。また、アトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法は安価、かつ大量に粉末を製造できる手段であるが、いずれも耐火物中で溶解するため、ＷＣやＴｉＣのような高融点セラミックスを製造することは不可能であるという問題がある。 On the other hand, cermet is a material that combines a high-hardness ceramic phase with a high-toughness metal phase. However, since it is generally manufactured by granulation and sintering, the manufacturing cost is lower than the atomization method or the quenching ribbon pulverization method. It will be high. In addition, the atomization method and the quenching ribbon pulverization method are inexpensive and capable of producing a large amount of powder. However, since both dissolve in a refractory, it is impossible to produce a high melting point ceramic such as WC or TiC. There is a problem that.
上述したような問題を解消するために、発明者らは鋭意開発を進めた結果、ＨＶ１０００を超える高硬度とセラミックスショット材以上の高靱性を有し、かつ安価に製造することができるショット材を開発した。すなわち、比較的低融点で、かつ高硬度を有するセラミックスとしてＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物（以下、Ｆｅ2 Ｂという）に着目し、さらにＦｅ−Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系過共晶組織（一部他元素により置換しても良い）をアトマイズ法もしくは急冷リボン粉砕法により製造することにより、初晶となる高硬度なＦｅ2 Ｂを、高靱性なｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体（以下、鉄基固溶体という）もしくは該鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂの共晶物が取り囲む組織とし、高硬度と高靱性を有するショットピーニングに好適な粉末を開発し発明に至ったものである。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have intensively developed, and as a result, obtained a shot material that has a high hardness exceeding HV1000 and a high toughness higher than a ceramic shot material, and can be manufactured at low cost. developed. That is, as a ceramic having a relatively low melting point and high hardness, attention is focused on Fe 2 B iron-based boride (hereinafter referred to as Fe 2 B), and Fe—Fe 2 B hypereutectic structure (some others) By manufacturing an element of which may be replaced by an element by an atomizing method or a quenching ribbon pulverization method, high-hardness Fe 2 B as an initial crystal is converted into a tough bcc and / or fcc iron-based solid solution (hereinafter referred to as iron). an organization that eutectic of groups solid solution hereinafter) or iron group solid solution and Fe 2 B surround, which has led to the development invented a suitable powder shot peening with high hardness and high toughness.
その発明の要旨とするところは、
（１）面積率で５０〜９０％のＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物と１０〜５０％のｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体よりなり、Ｆｅ 2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体が取り囲んだミクロ組織、またはＦｅ 2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体とＦｅ 2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の共晶物が取り囲んだミクロ組織を有し、Ｂ：５〜８質量％、残部Ｆｅおよび不可避的不純物からなることを特徴とする鉄基高硬度ショット材。
（２）面積率で５０〜９０％のＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物と１０〜５０％のｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体よりなり、Ｆｅ 2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体が取り囲んだミクロ組織、またはＦｅ 2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体とＦｅ 2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の共晶物が取り囲んだミクロ組織を有し、Ｂ：５〜８質量％、Ｔｉ≦１０％、Ｍｏ≦１０％のいずれか１種または２種を含み、残部Ｆｅおよび不可避的不純物からなることを特徴とする鉄基高硬度ショット材。
（３）Ｃｒ：２５質量％以下、Ｎｉ：１０質量％以下のいずれか１種または２種を含むことを特徴とする前記（１）または（２）に記載の鉄基高硬度ショット材。
（４）前記（１）〜（３）のいずれか１項に記載の鉄基高硬度ショット材をアトマイズ法または急冷リボン粉砕法により製造したことを特徴とする鉄基高硬度ショット材の製造方法にある。
The gist of the invention is that
(1) An area ratio of 50 to 90% Fe 2 B-based iron-based boride and 10 to 50% bcc and / or fcc iron-based solid solution, wherein the Fe 2 B-based iron-based boride is bcc and / or fcc microstructure surrounds the iron-based solid solution, or have a Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride the bcc and / or eutectic material is encircled microstructure of the iron-based solid solution and Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride of fcc and, B: 5 to 8% by weight, iron-based high hardness shot material, characterized in that the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) It consists of 50 to 90% Fe 2 B iron-based boride and 10 to 50% bcc and / or fcc iron-based solid solution in area ratio, and Fe 2 B iron-based boride is bcc and / or fcc microstructure surrounds the iron-based solid solution, or have a Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride the bcc and / or eutectic material is encircled microstructure of the iron-based solid solution and Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride of fcc and, B: 5 to 8 wt%, Ti ≦ 10%, comprise one or any of Mo ≦ 10%, iron-based high hardness shot material, characterized in that the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
( 3 ) The iron-based high-hardness shot material according to (1) or ( 2 ) above, comprising any one or two of Cr: 25% by mass or less and Ni: 10% by mass or less.
( 4 ) A method for producing an iron-based high hardness shot material, wherein the iron-based high hardness shot material according to any one of (1) to ( 3 ) is produced by an atomizing method or a quenching ribbon pulverizing method. It is in.
以上述べたように、本発明による、Ｆｅを主成分とし、Ｂを５〜８質量％添加することで鉄基固溶体相とＦｅ2 Ｂ相の過共晶組織とし、かつアトマイズ法もしくは急冷リボン粉砕法により急冷凝固により、高硬度なＦｅ2 Ｂを高靱性な鉄基固溶体もしくは該鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂの共晶物を取り囲むミクロ組織を有することにより、高硬度、高靱性で安価なショットピーニング材を製造することができる極めて優れた効果を奏するものである。 As described above, according to the present invention, Fe is the main component, and 5 to 8% by mass of B is added to form a hypereutectic structure of the iron-based solid solution phase and the Fe 2 B phase, and the atomization method or quench ribbon pulverization High-hardness, high-toughness and low-cost shot by having high-hardness Fe 2 B with a tough iron-base solid solution or a microstructure surrounding the eutectic of the iron-base solid solution and Fe 2 B by rapid solidification by the method The peening material can be produced with extremely excellent effects.
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
上述したように、本発明の特徴は、Ｆｅを主成分とし、Ｂを５〜８質量％添加することで鉄基固溶体相とＦｅ2 Ｂ相の過共晶組織とし、かつアトマイズ法もしくは急冷リボン粉砕法により急冷凝固により、高硬度なＦｅ2 Ｂを高靱性な鉄基固溶体もしくは鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂの共晶物が取り囲むミクロ組織を有することにより、高硬度と高靱性を両立させたものである。図１は、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の共晶物が取り囲んだミクロ組織を示す光学顕微鏡写真である。この図に示すように、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物１をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体相とＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物相の共晶物２を取り囲むミクロ組織を示している。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
As described above, the present invention is characterized in that Fe is a main component, and 5 to 8% by mass of B is added to form a hypereutectic structure of an iron-based solid solution phase and an Fe 2 B phase, and an atomization method or a quenching ribbon. the rapid solidification by a pulverization method, by having a microstructure of high hardness Fe 2 B eutectic having a high toughness iron-based solid solution or iron solid solution and Fe 2 B surrounds were both high hardness and high toughness Is. Figure 1 is an optical micrograph showing the Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride the bcc and / or eutectic material is encircled microstructure of the iron-based solid solution and Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride of fcc. As shown in this figure, Fe 2 B-based iron-based
また、Ｆｅ、Ｂを主元素とし、アトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法で製造することでコストを安価に抑えることができる。なお、本発明合金を鋳造粉砕法で製造すると、凝固組織の粗大化により、ショット材として好適な数百μｍで使用する場合、個々の粉末中でＦｅ2 Ｂを鉄基固溶体もしくは鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂの共晶物を取り囲んだミクロ組織にはなりにくい。従って、特にアトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法を適用することを条件とする。 Further, the cost can be reduced at a low cost by using Fe and B as main elements and producing them by an atomizing method or a quenching ribbon crushing method. In addition, when the alloy of the present invention is produced by a casting pulverization method, Fe 2 B is used as an iron-based solid solution or an iron-based solid solution in individual powders when used as a shot material suitable for several hundred μm due to coarsening of a solidified structure. It is difficult to form a microstructure surrounding the eutectic of Fe 2 B. Accordingly, the atomizing method and the quenching ribbon pulverizing method are particularly applied.
本発明に係るＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物とは、ＦｅおよびＢを主元素とした、Ｃ１６（Ａｌ2 Ｃｕ）の結晶構造をもつ正方晶系化合物であり、本発明ではこのうちＦｅが３３原子％以下の範囲でＴｉ，Ｃｒ，Ｎｉ，Ｍｏなどの他元素と置換したものも含むものである。
また、本発明に係るｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体は、Ｆｅを５０原子％以上含むものとし、Ｔｉ，Ｃｒ，Ｎｉ，Ｍｏなどの他元素が固溶したものも含むものである。また、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の面積率とは、初晶であるＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の面積は勿論のことだが、もしこの硼化物を取り囲む相が鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂの共晶物である場合にはその共晶物中のＦｅ2 Ｂの面積も含んだ面積率である。
The Fe 2 B iron-based boride according to the present invention is a tetragonal compound having a crystal structure of C16 (Al 2 Cu) with Fe and B as main elements. Including those substituted with other elements such as Ti, Cr, Ni and Mo within the range of atomic% or less.
Further, the iron-based solid solution of bcc and / or fcc according to the present invention contains 50 atomic% or more of Fe, and includes those in which other elements such as Ti, Cr, Ni, and Mo are dissolved. Further, Fe 2 The B system area ratio of the iron-based boride, the area of the Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride is primary crystal is but of course, if the phase surrounding the borides iron-based solid solution and Fe 2 In the case of a B eutectic, the area ratio includes the area of Fe 2 B in the eutectic.
本発明において、アトマイズ法もしくは急冷リボン粉砕法とした理由は、安価に大量の粉末を製造できる製造法であり、かつ本発明においてはＦｅ−Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系過共晶組織（一部他元素により置換しても良い）の溶湯を急冷凝固させることにより、高硬度なＦｅ2 Ｂを高靱性な鉄基固溶体または鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂが共晶物が取り囲んだミクロ組織にできるため、高硬度と高靱性を両立させた粉末が得られるためである。 In the present invention, the reason why the atomization method or the quenching ribbon pulverization method is used is a production method capable of producing a large amount of powder at a low cost, and in the present invention, an Fe—Fe 2 B-based hypereutectic structure (partially depending on other elements). By rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten metal (which may be substituted), high hardness Fe 2 B can be formed into a tough iron-based solid solution or a microstructure in which the iron-based solid solution and Fe 2 B surround the eutectic. This is because a powder having both hardness and high toughness can be obtained.
また、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物とした理由は、Ｆｅ2 Ｂは融点が比較的低温（１４００℃前後）のため、アトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法による製造が可能であると共に、高硬度（ＨＶ１４００程度）であり、さらに安価な原材料を用いて製造できるためである。
さらに、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の面積率５０〜９０％とした理由は、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の面積率が５０％未満では充分な硬度が得られず、９０％を超えると充分な靱性が得られないことから、その範囲を５０〜９０％とした。
The reason why the Fe 2 B iron-based boride is used is that Fe 2 B has a relatively low melting point (around 1400 ° C.), so that it can be produced by an atomization method or a rapid ribbon pulverization method and has a high hardness ( This is because it can be manufactured using cheaper raw materials.
Furthermore, the reason why the area ratio of the Fe 2 B iron-based boride is 50 to 90% is that when the area ratio of the Fe 2 B iron-based boride is less than 50%, sufficient hardness cannot be obtained and exceeds 90%. And sufficient toughness cannot be obtained, so the range was made 50 to 90%.
ｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体とした理由は、上記Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物のの理由より硬質相としてＦｅ2 Ｂを利用していることから、最終凝固部位は高靱性な鉄基固溶体あるいは鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂの共晶物となる。また、この鉄基固溶体の構成相は固溶元素や冷却速度、熱処理などにより、ｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃとなり得るが、両相ともに充分な靱性を有しているため特に限定はされない。 The reason why the iron-based solid solution of bcc and / or fcc is used is that Fe 2 B is used as the hard phase because of the Fe 2 B-based iron-based boride, so that the final solidification site is a high-toughness iron group. It becomes a eutectic of a solid solution or an iron-based solid solution and Fe 2 B. The constituent phase of the iron-based solid solution can be bcc and / or fcc depending on the solid solution element, cooling rate, heat treatment, etc., but both phases have sufficient toughness and are not particularly limited.
ｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体の面積率を１０〜５０％とした理由は、ｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体の面積率が１０％未満では充分な靱性が得られず、５０％を超えると充分な硬度が得られないことから、その範囲を１０〜５０％とした。
また、Ｂ：５〜８質量％とした理由は、ＢはＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物を形成するための成分であるが、５質量％未満ではＦｅ2 Ｂが少なく、充分な硬度が得られず、また、８質量％を超えるとＦｅ2 Ｂが多く生成しすぎるため、充分な靱性が得られないためである。従って、その範囲を５〜８質量％とした。
The reason why the area ratio of the iron-based solid solution of bcc and / or fcc is 10 to 50% is that if the area ratio of the iron-based solid solution of bcc and / or fcc is less than 10%, sufficient toughness cannot be obtained, and 50% If it exceeds, sufficient hardness cannot be obtained, so the range was made 10 to 50%.
The reason why B is 5 to 8% by mass is that B is a component for forming an Fe 2 B-based iron-based boride, but if it is less than 5% by mass, Fe 2 B is small and sufficient hardness is obtained. In addition, when the amount exceeds 8% by mass, a large amount of Fe 2 B is generated, and sufficient toughness cannot be obtained. Therefore, the range was 5-8 mass%.
Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体が取り囲んだミクロ組織、あるいはＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物をｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の共晶物が取り囲んだミクロ組織とした理由は、高硬度相を高靱性相が取り囲むことにより、高硬度と高靱性を両立することができるからである。 Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride the bcc and / or microstructure surrounds the iron-based solid solution of fcc, or Fe 2 B-type iron-based boride the bcc and / or iron-based solid solution of the fcc and Fe 2 B Keitetsumoto The reason why the microstructure is surrounded by the eutectic of the boride is that high hardness and high toughness can be achieved by surrounding the high hardness phase with the high toughness phase.
Ｃｒ：２５質量％以下
Ｃｒ：２５質量％以下とした理由は、ショット材は大気中で保管されることが多く、保管および使用環境下で発銹しないことが必要である。本発明合金において、Ｃｒは特に耐食性を改善する効果が高いため、発銹が問題となる場合には、２５質量％以下の範囲で添加することが好ましい。しかし、２５質量％を超えると融点が上昇し、アトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法による製造が困難となることから、２５質量％以下とした。
Cr: 25% by mass or less The reason for Cr: 25% by mass or less is that shot materials are often stored in the atmosphere, and it is necessary not to sprout in the storage and use environment. In the alloy of the present invention, Cr has a particularly high effect of improving corrosion resistance. Therefore, when glazing is a problem, it is preferably added in a range of 25% by mass or less. However, if it exceeds 25% by mass, the melting point increases, and it becomes difficult to produce by the atomizing method or the quenching ribbon pulverization method.
さらに、Ｔｉ：１０質量％以下、Ｍｏ：１０質量％以下
Ｔｉ：１０質量％以下、Ｍｏ：１０質量％以下とした理由は、いずれも硬度を向上させる目的で添加するものである。しかし、１０質量％を超えると融点が上昇し、アトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法による製造が困難であることから、いずれも１０質量％以下とした。
Further, Ti: 10% by mass or less, Mo: 10% by mass or less, Ti: 10% by mass or less, and Mo: 10% by mass or less are all added for the purpose of improving hardness. However, if it exceeds 10% by mass, the melting point rises and it is difficult to produce by the atomizing method or the quenching ribbon pulverization method.
以下、本発明について実施例によって具体的に説明する。
表１および表２に示す成分組成の各試料を秤量した２５ｋｇの原料をアルミナ製坩堝でＡｒ中にて誘導溶解し、坩堝底部のφ５ｍｍ出湯ノズルより、１６５０℃にて出湯し、窒素ガスアトマイズにて粉末を製造した。その結果を表１、２に示す。なお、表１に示す比較例Ｎｏ．１２は市販のアルミナ粉末、比較例Ｎｏ．１３は鋳造粉砕法により作製した。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
25 kg of raw materials weighed each sample of the component composition shown in Table 1 and Table 2 were induction-dissolved in Ar with an alumina crucible, discharged at 1650 ° C. from a φ5 mm hot water discharge nozzle at the bottom of the crucible, and nitrogen gas atomized. A powder was produced. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. In addition, comparative example No. shown in Table 1 is shown. 12 is a commercially available alumina powder, Comparative Example No. No. 13 was produced by a casting pulverization method.
なお、表１に示す面積率、機械特性評価として、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物および鉄基固溶体の面積率は、この粉末を−１２５〜＋４４μｍに分級し、樹脂埋めした試料の反射電子像を画像解析した。また、硬度については、前記の樹脂埋め試料を用い、ミクロビッカース硬度計により測定した。測定荷重は３００ｇでｎ＝１０の平均を算出した。さらに、耐クラック性については、前記の樹脂埋め試料を用い、ミクロビッカース硬度計にて２００〜１０００ｇの荷重で圧痕を打ち、クラックが発生した荷重で評価した。
表２に示す耐食性評価は、ガラスペレットに両面テープで粉末を敷詰め、７０℃−９５％−９６時間の条件で、湿潤試験を実施した。発銹したものを×、発銹のなかったものを○とした。
In addition, as the area ratio and mechanical property evaluation shown in Table 1, the area ratio of Fe 2 B-based iron-based boride and iron-based solid solution is a reflected electron image of a sample in which this powder is classified into −125 to +44 μm and embedded in resin. The image was analyzed. The hardness was measured with a micro Vickers hardness meter using the resin-embedded sample. The measurement load was 300 g, and the average of n = 10 was calculated. Further, the crack resistance was evaluated by using the resin-embedded sample described above, making an indentation with a load of 200 to 1000 g with a micro Vickers hardness tester, and a load at which a crack occurred.
In the corrosion resistance evaluation shown in Table 2, powder was spread on a glass pellet with a double-sided tape, and a wet test was performed under conditions of 70 ° C.-95% -96 hours. Those that were found were marked with ×, and those that were not found were marked with ○.
表１に示すように、Ｎｏ．１〜８は本発明例であり、Ｎｏ．９〜１３は比較例である。比較例Ｎｏ．９は、Ｂ含有量が低く、かつ鉄基固溶体の面積率が大きく、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の面積率が小さいために、硬度が低い。比較例Ｎｏ．１０は、Ｂ含有量が多く、かつ鉄基固溶体の面積率が小さく、Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の面積率が大きいために、硬度は高いが、しかし、クラック発生荷重が低く、５００ｇでクラックの発生が見られた。比較例Ｎｏ．１１は、Ｃｒが３０％と高いためにアトマイズ法ではノズル閉塞が起こり製造不可能となった。 As shown in Table 1, no. 1-8 are examples of the present invention. 9 to 13 are comparative examples. Comparative Example No. No. 9 has a low B content, a large area ratio of the iron-based solid solution, and a small area ratio of the Fe 2 B-based iron-based boride, so that the hardness is low. Comparative Example No. No. 10 has a high B content, a small area ratio of the iron-based solid solution, and a large area ratio of the Fe 2 B-based iron-based boride, so that the hardness is high, but the crack generation load is low, 500 g Generation of cracks was observed. Comparative Example No. In No. 11, since Cr was as high as 30%, the nozzle was clogged by the atomizing method, making it impossible to manufacture.
比較例Ｎｏ．１２は、市販の白色アルミナビーズを用いた場合であり、硬度は高いが、しかし、クラック発生荷重が極めて低く、２００ｇでクラックの発生が見られた。比較例Ｎｏ．１３は、アトマイズ法や急冷リボン粉砕法によるものでなく、鋳造粉砕によるもので、本発明と比べてミクロ組織が大きく、圧痕を打つ部位により硬さのバラツキが見られ、かつクラック発生荷重が極めて低く、２００ｇでクラックの発生が見られた。これに対し、本発明例であるＮｏ．１〜８は粉末の構成相はＸ線回折の結果、いずれもＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物とｂｃｃおよび／またはｆｃｃの鉄基固溶体であり、目的の硬度およびクラック発生荷重１０００ｇ超で、１０００ｇの荷重でもクラックの発生はなかった。
Comparative Example No. No. 12 is a case where commercially available white alumina beads are used, and the hardness is high, but the crack generation load is extremely low, and generation of cracks was observed at 200 g. Comparative Example No. No. 13 is not based on the atomization method or the quenching ribbon pulverization method, but is based on casting pulverization. The microstructure is larger than that of the present invention, hardness variation is observed depending on the indented portion, and the crack generation load is extremely high. The occurrence of cracks was observed at 200 g. In contrast to this, No. As a result of X-ray diffraction, the constituent phases of the
表２はＢ成分に、さらにＣｒ，Ｎｉを加えた場合の耐食性を調べたもので、特に発銹が問題となる場合に、Ｎｏ．１４に比較して、Ｎｏ．１５〜１７に示すＣｒ，Ｎｉを添加すると耐食性が向上し、発銹の発生が見られないことが分かる。
以上述べたように、Ｆｅを主成分とし、Ｂを５〜８％添加することで鉄基固溶体相とＦｅ2 Ｂ相の過共晶組織とし、かつアトマイズ法もしくは急冷リボン粉砕法により急冷凝固により、高硬度なＦｅ2 Ｂを高靱性な鉄基固溶体もしくは鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂの共晶物が取り囲んだミクロ組織を有することにより、高硬度と高靱性を図ることができる。また、Ｂに加えて、Ｃｒ，Ｎｉを添加することで耐食性を向上させることができ、さらには、Ｔｉ，Ｍｏを添加することでより硬度を向上させることができた。
Table 2 shows the corrosion resistance when Cr and Ni are further added to the B component. 14 compared with No. 14. It can be seen that when Cr and Ni shown in 15 to 17 are added, the corrosion resistance is improved and the occurrence of wrinkles is not observed.
As described above, Fe is the main component, and 5 to 8% of B is added to form a hypereutectic structure of the iron-based solid solution phase and the Fe 2 B phase, and by rapid solidification by the atomization method or the rapid ribbon pulverization method. by having a eutectic material is encircled microstructure of high hardness Fe 2 B of high toughness iron-based solid solution or iron solid solution and Fe 2 B, it is possible to achieve high hardness and high toughness. Further, in addition to B, the corrosion resistance could be improved by adding Cr and Ni, and further, the hardness could be further improved by adding Ti and Mo.
１ Ｆｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物
２ 鉄基固溶体とＦｅ2 Ｂ系鉄基硼化物の共晶物
特許出願人 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社
代理人 弁理士 椎 名 彊
1 Fe 2 B iron-based
Patent Applicant Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd.
Attorney: Attorney Shiina
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| JP5749026B2 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2015-07-15 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | High hardness projection material for shot peening |
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| AU2015218270B2 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2019-02-14 | The Nanosteel Company, Inc. | Shot material and shot peening method |
| JP6151304B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2017-06-21 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | Projection material for shot peening using hard powder with high productivity and corrosion resistance |
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