JP4390337B2 - Roof ventilation unit - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a roof surface ventilation unit that is arranged in an opening formed on a roof surface to ventilate outside air and that can block a ventilation path in the event of a fire and prevent propagation of flames and heat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In houses, etc., if heat or moisture accumulates in the attic space such as the attic space or the attic storage, the building will be adversely affected, so ventilate the outside air through the roof surface in order to eliminate these heat and moisture. Things are going on. When the roof surface is ventilated, it is common to form an opening having a predetermined dimension on the roof surface and attach a ventilation opening having a ventilation function to the opening. Although the thing with various structures is provided as a ventilation opening attached to a roof surface, a typical structure attaches an opening frame to the edge of the opening formed in the roof surface, and is a lid member on the upper part of this opening frame. And a ventilation passage is formed between the two.
[0003]
In a house where a ventilation unit is attached to the roof surface, when a fire occurs in a neighboring house, there is a risk that the flame or heat from the fire may be transmitted to the attic space or the attic space through the ventilation unit. Therefore, in the event of a fire, the heat and temperature are sensed and the ventilation passage is blocked to prevent the flame and heat from propagating to the space, thereby providing a fireproof structure. Is preferred. However, none of the ventilation units currently on the market is fire proof.
[0004]
For this reason, as a fireproof structure for the ventilation part on the roof surface, a fire damper is installed in the opening formed on the roof surface, and this fire damper is operated in the event of a fire to shut off the opening, so that flames and Generally, it is configured to prevent heat propagation.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the structure in which the fire damper is installed in the opening formed on the roof surface to cope with fire prevention, there is a problem that the cost corresponding to the fire damper is increased and the equipment cost is increased. Further, the fire damper has a mechanical structure, and when the fire damper is installed on the roof surface, if the movable part is rusted or the like, sufficient fire prevention performance cannot be exhibited. For this reason, reliable maintenance management is indispensable, and there is a problem that costs and labor required for these operations are required.
[0006]
Further, the installed fire damper may protrude from the attic side and interfere with the heat insulating material provided on the attic. Furthermore, the fire damper reduces the area of the opening, which causes a problem that a sufficient ventilation amount cannot be ensured.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a roof surface ventilation unit capable of ensuring a sufficient ventilation amount without causing an increase in equipment cost and capable of reliably preventing fire in a fire.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a roof surface ventilation unit according to the present invention covers an opening frame fixed to an edge of an opening formed on the roof surface, an opening formed on the roof surface, and the opening frame. And a lid member that forms a ventilation path between the opening frame and the ventilation path formed on the water side of the opening frame and on both sides along the slope of the roof. A ventilation material mounting part to which the material is mounted and a thermal foaming material mounting part in which a thermal foam material foamed in the event of a fire is arranged are provided in order from the outdoor side toward the indoor side.
[0009]
In the roof surface ventilation unit, the ventilation material mounting portion is formed with a hole in the inner frame on the lower side of the ventilation material, through which water that has entered the ventilation path can be discharged. Is preferred.
[0010]
In any one of the above roof surface ventilation units, it is preferable that the thermal foam material is provided at a plurality of positions from the outdoor side to the indoor side in the route of the ventilation path at intervals .
[0011]
Further, in any one of the roof surface ventilation units, the ventilation path is formed by a cylindrical frame provided at an upper part of the opening frame, and the lid member covers the frame and the opening frame. It is preferable that the inner surface of the lid member is provided with a thermal foam material similar to the thermal foam material disposed in the ventilation path over the entire inner surface.
[0012]
In the roof surface ventilation unit, ventilation between outside air and attic space such as attic space or attic storage (hereinafter simply referred to as “attic space”) is performed via a ventilation path formed between the opening frame and the lid member. It is possible to measure, and by disposing the thermal foam material in the ventilation path, the thermal foam material is foamed by the heat propagated at the time of the fire, thereby blocking the ventilation path and preventing the propagation of flame and heat I can do it.
[0013]
Therefore, by setting the area of the ventilation path in consideration of the dimensions before foaming of the thermal foam material, sufficient ventilation volume is secured, and the opening formed on the roof surface is also sufficient because the necessary area is secured. Can secure a good ventilation. And, when the fire occurs, heat acts on the thermal foam material, so that the thermal foam material foams and blocks the ventilation path so that no flame or heat enters the attic space, so that it has a fireproof structure I can do it.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the roof surface ventilation unit will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a roof surface ventilation unit according to a first embodiment in a direction along a gradient. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the roof surface ventilation unit according to the first embodiment in a direction perpendicular to the gradient. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a ventilation path. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state where the heat foaming material is foamed to block the ventilation path. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a roof to which a roof surface ventilation unit is attached. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the roof surface ventilation unit according to the second embodiment.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 5, the roof surface ventilation units A and D according to each embodiment are arranged corresponding to the opening C formed in the roof B, and the ventilation path 3 formed in the roof surface ventilation units A and D and When the outside air and the attic space E are ventilated through the opening C, and a flame or heat is propagated by a fire that occurs in the vicinity, the heat foaming material is foamed by the action of this heat and the ventilation path 3 is blocked. The flame and heat propagation to the attic space E can be blocked to contribute to fire prevention.
[0016]
Generally, in a building such as a house, the roof B is also provided with fire prevention standards according to conditions such as the type of roofing material, and the roof surface ventilation units A and D are also configured to satisfy the fire prevention standards.
[0017]
In particular, the roof surface ventilation units A and D according to each embodiment are attached to a sloped roof B and are square. Moreover, it is comprised so that it may not receive the influence of the rain water etc. which flow down the roof B. That is, the roof surface ventilation units A and D are configured so that outside air can be taken in from both sides along the gradient and from the three sides on the gradient side (rain side) of rainwater, etc., on the upstream side. There is no structure that takes in outside air on one side (water side). And it is comprised so that ventilation with the attic space E can be achieved by distribute | circulating the external air taken in from three sides through the four circumferences of the opening C. FIG.
[0018]
First, the structure of the roof surface ventilation unit A according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. An opening frame 1 is provided at the edge of the opening C formed in the roof B so as to surround the opening C. The opening frame 1 covers the opening C and forms a ventilation path 3 between the opening frame 1 and the opening frame 1. A lid member 2 is disposed, and a sheet-like thermal foam material 4 is disposed at a predetermined position in the ventilation path 3.
[0019]
The opening C is formed in the base material 5 constituting the roof B with a predetermined dimension, and the opening frame 1 is disposed at an edge around the opening C and is fixed to the base material 5. When the base material 5 is a field board made of a wood material such as plywood, the opening frame 1 is also made of a wood material having a preset size, and is fixed to an optimum means base material 5 such as a nail or a wood screw. ing. A roof material 6 such as a tile or a slate is disposed on the upper surface of the base material 5 other than the area defined by the opening frame 1 and is fixed to the base material 5 by predetermined means.
[0020]
An inner frame 7a is fixed to the water upper side of the opening frame 1 by means such as a nail or a screw, and an inner frame 7b is similarly fixed to the lower side and both sides along the slope of the roof B by a nail, a screw or the like. Yes. Further, the outer frames 8a and 8b are arranged to face the inner frames 7a and 7b, respectively, and both of them overlap a predetermined piece and are fixed to each other by a screw or the like through the overlapped piece.
[0021]
The outer frame 8a is disposed on the water side and does not have a function of taking in outside air. A plurality of notch portions (not shown) are formed in the outer peripheral lower piece 8c constituting the outer frame 8b, and these notch portions function as outside air intakes. Also, a plurality of notches (not shown) are formed in the inner peripheral vertical piece 8d of the outer frames 8a and 8b and also on the surface corresponding to the ventilation path 3, and the outside air taken in from outside is opened through these notches. It is configured to be distributed to the C side.
[0022]
Therefore, the upper part of the opening frame 1 is composed of a combination of the inner frame 7a and the outer frame 8a, and the inner frame 7b and the outer frame 8b. The cylindrical frame 9 capable of exhibiting the function of taking in outside air and allowing the taken-in outside air to flow from all the inner peripheral vertical pieces 8d of the outer frames 8a and 8b to the openings C is fixed. .
[0023]
In addition, the hole 7c formed in the inner frame 7b arrange | positioned under the water shown in FIG. 1 has a function which discharges | emits the water which entered the inside of the cylindrical frame 9. As shown in FIG.
[0024]
In the ventilation path 3, a ventilation material attachment portion 3a and a thermal foam material attachment portion 3b are formed. The ventilation material mounting portion 3a corresponding to the outer frame 8b is provided with a ventilation material 10 on the downstream side in the ventilation direction with respect to the outer peripheral lower piece 8c, and the thermal foam material mounting portion 3b corresponding to the outer frames 8a and 8b includes A thermal foam material 4 is provided.
[0025]
The ventilation material 10 has a function of preventing rainwater and insects from entering, and water droplets that have fallen on the roof material 6 constituting the roof B and scattered are formed from a notch formed on the outer peripheral lower piece 8c of the outer frame 8b. When entering the ventilation path 3, it is possible to supplement the water droplets to flow downward and to discharge the water droplets from the ventilation material attachment part 3 a to the outside through the holes 7 c. Therefore, even when it is raining, water droplets do not enter the attic space E.
[0026]
The thermal foam material 4 is formed in a sheet shape, and is fixed to an opposite surface of the thermal foam material attachment portion 3b in the ventilation path 3 by means such as adhesion. When the preset heat acts, the thermal foam material 4 foams according to this heat and interrupts the ventilation path 3. For this reason, the thermal foam material 4 has a preset foaming temperature and foaming ratio, and has high fireproof performance.
[0027]
When attaching the thermal foam material 4 to the thermal foam material attachment portion 3b, a single thermal foam material 4 formed in a wide sheet shape may be disposed and bonded to the thermal foam material attachment portion 3b. A plurality of thermal foam materials 4 formed in a narrow sheet shape may be arranged across the ventilation direction in the thermal foam material attachment portion 3b and attached to each thermal foam material 4 by individually bonding them.
[0028]
In the present embodiment, a sheet having a thickness of 3 mm, a width of 15 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 20 mm is used as the thermal foam material 4. In addition, the height of the thermal foam material mounting portion 3b in the ventilation path 3 is set to about 30 mm to 35 mm.
[0029]
A lid member 2 that covers the opening C and the frame body 9 is attached to the upper part of the frame body 9 attached to the upper part of the opening frame 1. The lid member 2 includes a ceiling piece 2a and a hanging piece 2b formed around the ceiling surface 2a. When the lid member 2 is attached to the frame body 9, the lower end of the hanging piece 2b is the roof material 6. A sufficient gap is secured between the surface and outside air. Further, a thermal foam material 11 similar to the thermal foam material 4 disposed in the ventilation path 3 is attached to the inner surface of the lid member 2 by means such as adhesion.
[0030]
In this embodiment, the inner frames 7a and 7b and the outer frames 8a and 8b are made of metal. For this reason, there exists a possibility that the frame 9 may condense, and the dewproof material 12 which has air permeability over the whole surface is attached to the surface by the side of the attic space E of this frame 9.
[0031]
Next, the ventilation function in the normal state of the roof surface ventilation unit A configured as described above and the function of blocking the ventilation path in the event of a fire will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams, and a minimum part for explaining the function is described.
[0032]
Normally, as shown in FIG. 3, the thermal foam material 4 attached to the thermal foam material attachment portion 3b of the ventilation path 3 maintains the sheet-like initial shape, and the ventilation path 3 may be blocked at all. Absent. For this reason, the ventilation path 3 can maintain the flow of the outside air indicated by the arrow to ventilate the outside air and the attic space E.
[0033]
When a fire is generated in the vicinity and heated outside air enters the ventilation path 3, the heat acts on the thermal foam material 4, and the heat foam material 4 starts to foam by this heat. When the foaming of the thermal foam material 4 is completed or before the thermal foam material 4 is terminated, the thermal foam material mounting portion 3b of the ventilation path 3 is blocked by the foam to prevent the flow of outside air.
[0034]
For this reason, the flame and heat by a fire do not approach and propagate in the attic space E from the roof surface ventilation unit A. At this time, the fireproof performance of the foamed thermal foam material 4 is equal to or higher than that of the roof B, and a reliable fireproof structure can be obtained.
[0035]
Next, the configuration of the roof surface ventilation unit D according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the same parts and parts having the same functions as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
[0036]
An inner frame 21a is fixed to the upper side of the opening frame 1 provided at the peripheral portion of the opening C and to the water side, and an inner frame 21b is fixed to the water side and both sides. An outer frame 22a is disposed opposite the inner frame 21a, and an outer frame 22b is disposed opposite the inner frame 21b. The outer frame 22b is fixed to each other to form a continuous ventilation path 3 therebetween.
[0037]
Further, a water drainer 23 formed in an L shape is disposed between the outer frame 22a and the roofing material 6 on the waterside upper frame 22a, and the water that has flowed down from above the roofing material 6 by the water draining 23 is provided. Is led to both sides of the roof surface ventilation unit D without flowing below the inner frame 21a. Further, a water drain 24 is disposed between the opening frame 1 and the roof material 6 on the water side, and water is provided between the base material 5 and the roof material 6 constituting the roof B by the water drain 24. Is prevented from entering.
[0038]
A projection 25 is disposed in the ventilation path 3 so as to inhibit the flow of air in the ventilation path 3, and the projection 25 is configured to supplement water droplets that have entered the ventilation path 3. Therefore, the roof surface ventilation unit D is not provided with the ventilation material 10 arranged in the roof surface ventilation unit A according to the first embodiment.
[0039]
The thermal foam material 4 is provided on the downstream side of the protrusion 25 in the ventilation path 3. Therefore, when a fire occurs in the vicinity and the outside air having heat enters the ventilation path 3, it is possible to block the ventilation path 3 by foaming the thermal foam material 4 according to this heat.
[0040]
Even the roof ventilation unit D configured as described above can have the same fireproof structure as that of the first embodiment described above.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, in the roof surface ventilation unit according to the present invention, a ventilation path is provided between the opening frame provided at the edge of the opening formed on the roof surface and the lid member attached to the upper portion of the opening frame. Since the thermal foam material is arranged in this ventilation path, the thermal foam material normally maintains the normal shape to form a predetermined ventilation path, thereby ensuring a sufficient amount of ventilation. I can do it. That is, interference with the heat insulating material of the fire damper generated when the fire damper is installed can be eliminated, and a sufficient ventilation amount can be secured.
[0042]
Further, when heat is applied in the event of a fire, the thermal foaming material foams and blocks the ventilation path, thereby preventing the propagation of heat through the ventilation path, thereby providing a fireproof structure.
[0043]
In particular, since the thermally foamed material is foamed by heat to block the ventilation path, there is no mechanical working part, and maintenance and inspection of the working part is not required. For this reason, it is possible to provide a fireproof structure that is extremely easy and reliable as so-called maintenance-free. Further, the cost can be reduced as compared with a structure in which a mechanical fire damper is installed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a roof surface ventilation unit according to a first embodiment from a direction along a gradient.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the roof surface ventilation unit according to the first embodiment from a direction perpendicular to the gradient.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a ventilation path.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state in which a heat foaming material is foamed to block a ventilation path.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a roof to which a roof surface ventilation unit is attached.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a roof surface ventilation unit according to a second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
A, D Roof surface ventilation unit B Roof C Opening 1 Opening frame 2 Lid member 2a Ceiling piece 2b Hanging piece 3 Ventilation path 3a Ventilation material attachment part 3b Thermal foaming material attachment part 4,11 Thermal foaming material 5 Base material 6 Roofing material 7a 7b Inner frame 7c Discharge hole 8a, 8b Outer frame 8c Outer peripheral lower piece 8d Inner peripheral vertical piece 9 Frame
10 Ventilation material
12 Dewproof material
21a, 21b inner frame
22a, 22b Outer frame
23 Water drainer
24 Drainage drainage
25 Protrusions

Claims (4)

An opening frame fixed to the edge of the opening formed on the roof surface;
An opening formed on the roof surface and a cover member that covers the opening frame and forms a ventilation path between the opening frame and
In the ventilation path formed on the water side of the opening frame and on both sides along the slope of the roof,
A ventilation material mounting part to which a ventilation material capable of preventing intrusion of rainwater is attached and a thermal foam material mounting part to which a thermal foam material foamed in the event of a fire is arranged in order from the outdoor side to the indoor side. The roof surface ventilation unit. 2. The ventilating material mounting portion is formed with a hole in the inner frame that is located below the ventilating material so that water that has entered the ventilation path can be discharged. Roof surface ventilation unit. The roof surface ventilation unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermal foaming material is provided at a plurality of locations from the outdoor side to the indoor side in the ventilation path. . The ventilation path is formed by a cylindrical frame provided at an upper portion of the opening frame, and the lid member is provided to cover the frame and the opening frame,
The thermal foam material similar to the thermal foam material arrange | positioned in the said ventilation path is provided in the inner surface of the said cover member over the whole inner surface, The Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Roof surface ventilation unit.

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