JP4389722B2 - Method and apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed in wood chip - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed with wood chips for removing foreign matter such as metal, mineral, concrete, etc., having a greater specific gravity than wood chips, in the process of processing waste wood into chips. .

  In a general waste wood chip processing plant, a crusher, a sieve device for size selection, a foreign material removal device, and a transport machine for handling waste wood of raw materials and wood chips of products between them It is configured.

  Usually, wood chips processed and manufactured in such plants are further recycled in the form of material recycling such as finely pulverized into particleboard, chemical recycling such as fermentation and extraction of alcohol and combustible gas, or Since it is used in the form of thermal recycling such as burning as it is, the required accuracy regarding the removal of contaminants varies depending on the purpose, but various attempts have been made to remove it with high accuracy as an obstacle to the operation of the next process. .

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a foreign matter removal device that combines a magnetic metal removal device such as iron using magnetic force and a conductive nonmagnetic metal removal device such as aluminum or copper using electromagnetic induction. Research is also underway to apply these methods to the removal of foreign matter mixed in wood chips. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a method for selecting the specific gravity of foreign matters mixed in a wood chip using wind force and vibration.

JP-A-6-254431 JP-A-8-216120

  However, with regard to the above-mentioned conventional foreign matter removing device, except for the removal of magnetic metal, no device capable of mass production of wood chips exceeding 10 t / hr has been manufactured. There are many cases where the formation is hindered.

  For example, a non-magnetic metal removing device using electromagnetic induction is an induction generated in a metal when a non-ferrous metal passes through an alternating magnetic field generated when a magnet is rotated at a high speed of about 2000 rpm inside a pulley of a belt conveyor. Since the metal itself repels and floats by the magnetic field and separates from the necessary material, it is necessary to make the thickness of the layer as thin as possible when the material passes over the pulley. However, there is an inconvenience that the equipment must be enlarged in order to process it, and there is an economic problem that the equipment cost is high. On the other hand, cooling of the shaft that supports the magnet that rotates at high speed in the pulley and material dust The actual situation is that there is a problem that is difficult to establish technically because it is necessary to prevent the intrusion into the pulley, and the practical application has not progressed.

In the specific gravity sorting using wind power and vibration, the size of the blower and the equipment for collecting the dust of the material that is scattered by the air blown up in accordance with the processing amount are increased, so the initial equipment cost and operating cost are reduced. There was a disadvantage that economic benefits could not be obtained. For example, the foreign matter removing apparatus of Patent Document 2 has a processing capacity of about 150 kg / hr in a wood chip, but in order to perform processing with a capacity of 10 t / hr in this type of apparatus, wood is used as wind power. The required area of the perforated plate is about 40 m ² for floating and separating foreign matter by vibration, and when making a single device, how to evenly distribute the supply material on the perforated plate, Or when it is set as a some apparatus, the inconvenience in the technical aspect and cost side that installation cost increases will arise.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in a wood chip manufacturing process, foreign matter can be sufficiently removed, and is not limited to metals and is considered to be mixed in the previous step. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus capable of removing foreign matter such as concrete pieces.

Normally, wood chips have a small apparent specific gravity of about 0.2 to 0.5 and a large volume per weight, so when handling with equipment of 10 t / hr or more, the passage cross section is increased or the passage speed is increased. We cope with this by speeding up. For this reason, in the prior art, the accuracy is not satisfactory, but it is at a level where magnetic metal can be removed, and it is effective for removing non-metals such as non-magnetic metals, minerals and concrete pieces from wood chips. There was no means.
However, in addition to the fact that foreign matter mixed in wood chips has an apparent specific gravity of about 1.5 to 8 and can be separated if the specific gravity difference with the chips is used, in the actual manufacturing process In addition, a sieve device that has the function of rotating and reciprocating, which is advantageous for sorting out foreign substances by utilizing the difference in specific gravity, is incorporated in the manufacturing process. As a result of intensive studies focusing on the above, the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the present invention is incorporated in a wood chip manufacturing process, and is provided with a sieve screen and a product guide plate for discharging the sieve-passed product under the screen over the entire surface of the screen. Using a sieving device having an angle of 3 ° or more and 20 ° or less with respect to the horizontal and descending downward from above, and introducing wood chips containing foreign substances from above the sieving device, from below A method for removing foreign matter contained in wood chips comprising discharging a sieved product and a sieve passing product, wherein a weir having a height of 2 to 10 times the reference height of the wood chip is provided on the product guide plate The present invention relates to a method for removing foreign matter, characterized in that foreign matter mixed in wood chips is retained and captured.

  Further, the sieving device is provided with a lid plate in the upper part so as to cover at least a part of the sieving mesh surface at the upper part of the sieving mesh, and the lid plate surface includes a wood chip containing foreign matter on the sieving mesh In addition, the lower part is provided with a material inlet, while the lower part is a sieve product that has moved from above to below the sieve screen and a product that has passed through the product guide plate from above to below. A discharge port is provided for each of the discharge plates, and the side surface excluding the discharge port extends from the end surface of the product guide plate to the height of the lid plate beyond the screen surface located above the guide plate. The present invention relates to a method for removing foreign matter, characterized in that a side plate is provided.

  Furthermore, the weir for capturing the foreign matter has an angle of 30 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve passing product so that the left and right ends of the weir are in contact with the side plate of the sieve device. The present invention relates to the method for removing foreign matter, characterized in that at least one portion is provided in the full width direction of the plate.

  Further, a clearance of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less is provided between the weir for capturing the foreign matter and the product guide plate, and the sand mixed in the wood chip is collected as a product together with the wood chip, so as to remove the foreign matter. Regarding the method.

  In addition, at least one opening with an opening / closing mechanism is provided on the side surface of the sieve device on the upper side of the position where the left and right ends of the weir for removing the foreign substance contact the side plate, and the foreign matter taken out from the opening with the opening / closing mechanism The present invention relates to a method for removing foreign matter, characterized in that foreign matter is removed from the wood chip containing the waste using other sorting means and the wood chip is recovered as a product.

  Or, it is incorporated in the manufacturing process of the wood chip, and is provided with a sieve screen and a product guide plate for discharging the sieve-passed product under the sieve screen over the entire surface of the screen. A downward slope is formed from the upper side to the lower side with an angle of 3 ° or more and 20 ° or less, and wood chips containing foreign matters are put on the sieve mesh from above, and the sieved product and the sieve passing product are discharged from below. An apparatus for removing foreign matter contained in wood chips configured to be configured to provide a weir having a height of 2 to 10 times the reference height of a wood chip on the product guide plate. The present invention relates to a device for removing foreign matter mixed with wood chips.

  Furthermore, a cover plate is provided in the upper part so as to cover at least a part of the screen surface in the upper part of the screen mesh, and the cover plate surface is used for putting wood chips containing foreign matters on the screen screen. While the material inlet is provided, the lower part is for discharging the sieved product that has moved from the upper side to the lower side on the sieve screen and the product that has passed the sieve on the product guide plate from the upper side to the lower side, respectively. A side plate is provided on the side surface excluding the discharge port, extending from the end face of the product guide plate to the height of the lid plate beyond the screen surface located above the guide plate. The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed in with wood chips.

  Furthermore, the width of the product guide plate is such that the weir for capturing the foreign matter has an angle of 30 ° to 90 ° with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve-passing product so that the left and right ends of the weir are in contact with the side plate. The present invention relates to the apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed in with wood chips, characterized in that it is provided at least in one direction.

  Furthermore, the present invention relates to the wood chip mixed foreign matter removing apparatus, wherein a gap of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less is provided between the weir for capturing the foreign matter and the product guide plate.

  Further, at least one opening with an opening / closing mechanism for taking out the wood chip containing foreign matter on the apparatus side plate surface above the position where the left and right ends of the weir for removing the foreign matter are in contact with the side plate. The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed in with wood chips, which is provided at a location.

  According to the present invention, in the wood chip manufacturing process, foreign matter can be prevented from being mixed into the wood chip, and damage caused by foreign matter biting in a transport machine or a crusher generated when the wood chip is used in the next process or plant It becomes possible to suppress the occurrence of operational accidents.

Hereinafter, the method and apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed in wood chips according to the present invention will be described.
Normally, in the wood chip manufacturing process, the sieve device incorporated in the manufacturing process takes out wood chips that have been fined to a predetermined size or less by a crusher in the previous process as a product, and removes wood that is insufficiently crushed beyond the predetermined size. It is provided for the purpose of throwing it into the crusher in the previous process again, and those having a predetermined size or less are structured so that both wood chips and foreign substances are taken out to the product side.
In addition, in order to efficiently perform the sizing by the sieving device, it is necessary to spread the crushed material supplied to the device over a wide range on the sieving screen, The product guide plates provided on the product guide plate are arranged at a certain angle with respect to the horizontal in a downward slope toward the discharge port, and wood chips and foreign matters that have fallen on the product guide plate through the mesh screen It becomes a thin layer and slides down on the product guide plate.

Here, when a weir is provided on the product guide plate, the wood chips and foreign matter that have fallen on the product guide plate through the sieve mesh are temporarily retained in the weir, but the amount of wood chips and foreign matter that exceed the weir From when it accumulates, it flows over the product guide plate over the weir and is discharged from the product discharge port.
In general, a sieve device is provided with a mechanism that vibrates, rotates, or reciprocates the entire device in order to increase the efficiency of the sieve. , Foreign matter moves below the layer, and product chips move above the layer, and the wood chips moved upward preferentially move over the weir to the product discharge port and are discharged from the sieve device as a product. become.

  On the other hand, the foreign matter that has fallen on the product guide plate through the sieve mesh and mixed in the wood stays at the weir part as described above, and moves below the layer up to the height of the weir. It can be taken out by hand during operation stoppage, or it can be taken out from the sieve device by using means for taking out from the opening with opening / closing mechanism provided on the side plate surface of the sieve device connected to the weir and above the weir. Become.

  In addition, when the foreign matter is mixed into the wood chip and the foreign material needs to be continuously discharged from the opening with the opening / closing mechanism of the side plate of the sieve device, a part of the wood chip is also discharged from the opening. Therefore, it is effective to separate foreign matters using other sorting means and collect the wood chips as a product. Here, the other sorting means is that a weir is provided on the product guide plate located under the sieve mesh, and the wood chips and foreign matters that have fallen on the product guide plate through the sieve mesh pass up to the weir on the guide plate. A sorting means different from the sorting means of the present invention that slides down and captures foreign matter that has moved down the layer up to the height of the weir due to the specific gravity difference with the wood chip at the weir part, for example, as described above Wind power sorting means, means for removing magnetic metals such as iron using magnetic force, further means for removing conductive non-magnetic metals using electromagnetic induction, or specific gravity sorting means using wind force and vibration Say.

In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 schematically shows a flow of a wood chip manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, FIG. 2 schematically shows a sieving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the received waste wood 1 is sent to the crusher 4 by a heavy machine 2 and a transport machine 30. Although it does not specifically limit as the waste wood 1, 1 type or 2 types or more of waste wood obtained from a house demolition material, a formwork, a wooden frame, a control panel, a pallet, an end material after sawing, etc. Can be used.
Waste wood 1 is chipped by a crusher 4 such as a hammer crusher or a hammer shredder. The size of the wood chip is not particularly limited and is usually preferably processed to about 5 to 100 mm, but may be processed to a strand shape of about 200 mm.

  The wood chips crushed by the crusher 4 contain foreign building materials such as stones, nails, staples, concrete pieces, glass pieces, wood nodes, sand, metal powder, and the like. Therefore, the wood chip containing the foreign matter is put into the sieving apparatus 60 while the mixed magnetic metal 91 is removed by the magnetic separator 50 provided on the upper part of the transport device 31.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sieving device 60 discharges a sieve mesh 61 having a predetermined mesh provided inside and a sieve passing product provided under the sieve mesh 61 over the entire surface of the sieve mesh 61. The crushed material is put on the sieve mesh 61 from one end, and the sieved product and the sieve passing product that have been slid down on the sieve mesh 61 and the product guide plate 62 are discharged from the other end, respectively. It is of a box-type structure designed to do this. That is, the sieving device 60 has one end where the crushed material is put on the sieving mesh 61 as an upper part, and the other end where the sieving product and the sieve passing product are discharged as a lower part. Discharge ports 66 and 66 'are provided for discharging the sieved product that has moved from the upper side to the lower side on the sieve screen 61 and the sieve-passed product that has moved from the upper side to the lower side on the product guide plate 62, respectively. ing.
As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge ports 66 and 66 ′ are preferably formed in such a way that the entire side surface of the lower part is opened so that the product on the sieve and the product passing through the sieve can be smoothly discharged. Instead of this, an opening may be provided on the side plate surface of the lower portion, or an opening may be provided on each of the screen 61 and the product guide plate 62. In the case where the entire side surface of the lower part is opened to be the discharge ports 66, 66 ′, by providing a discharge guide plate of a sieved product so as to protrude at an appropriate length from the tip of the sieve screen 61, In addition, in the case where openings are provided on the side plate surface of the lower part to serve as the discharge ports 66 and 66 ', the sieved product provided on the upper side of the side plate surface of the lower part and the screen mesh 61 in contact with the side plate is discharged. A sieve passing product provided between an opening serving as a discharge port 66 and a position on the lower side plate surface where the sieve screen 61 contacts the side plate and a position where the product guide plate 62 contacts the side plate By shifting the position in the left-right direction of the opening serving as the discharge port 66 ′ for discharging the product, it is necessary to prevent the sieved product discharged from the sieving device 60 from passing through the sieve passing product.
In addition, when openings are respectively provided on the screen 61 and the product guide plate 62 to form discharge ports 66 and 66 ', the screen 61 is a lower side plate from the opening of the screen 61 and the screen 61 is the side plate. It is necessary to provide a lead-out pipe or a lead-out duct for discharging the sieved product out of the system through the lower part or the product guide plate 62 from the position in contact with the product. Of course, in this case, an appropriate seal is applied to the gap between the lead-out pipe or lead-out duct and the penetrating part through which the lead-out pipe or lead-out duct penetrates the lower side plate or the product guide plate 62, and the product passing through the sieve has the gap. It goes without saying that it is necessary not to leak from the air.

  On the other hand, an upper portion of the sieve device 60 is provided with a lid plate 64 so as to cover the surface of the sieve mesh 61 from above at the upper portion of the sieve mesh 61, and the end of the sieve device 60 is provided on the lid plate 64 surface. At a position close to the portion, a material input port 65 is provided on the sieve screen 61 for inputting wood chips containing foreign matter. The cover plate 64 has a length that allows the material input port 65 to be provided on the surface of the cover plate 64 from the upper end of the sieve device 60 in the traveling direction of the sieved product and the sieve passing product, and the surface of the sieve screen 61 At least partly (in the width direction of the sieve mesh 61 perpendicular to the traveling direction of the sieved product and the sieve passing product over the entire area of the sieve mesh 61, and in the traveling direction of the sieved product and the sieve passed product It is only necessary to cover at least a part of the surface of the mesh 61 from above, but this does not prevent the entire surface of the screen 61 from being provided. Further, without providing the cover plate 64 and the material input port 65, a wood chip containing a foreign substance may be directly input onto the screen net 61 at a position close to the upper end of the screen device 60.

Further, on the side surface of the sieve device 60, there is a side plate 63 that extends from the entire peripheral end surface of the product guide plate 62 beyond the screen 61 located above the guide plate 62 to the height of the lid plate 64. Is provided. Thereby, the lid plate 64 is supported and fixed to the side plate 63.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the discharge ports 66 and 66 ′ are provided with the entire side surface of the lower part open, the side plate is formed on the side surface excluding the discharge ports 66 and 66 ′ as described above. Needless to say, 63 is provided.

In addition, the sieving device 60 is preferably provided with a mechanism (not shown in FIG. 2) that vibrates, rotates, or reciprocates the entire device for the purpose of increasing the sieving efficiency.
When the vibration mechanism is provided, the sieve device 60 may be caused to vibrate in an elliptical shape, for example, in the downward direction. The frequency of the sieve device 60 at that time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 to 1000 rpm. When the vibration frequency of the sieving device 60 is less than 50 rpm, it takes time to spread the crushed material supplied to the sieving device 60 from the material charging port 65 over a wide area on the sieving net, and thus it falls on the product guide plate 62. It takes a long time for the product passing through the sieve (wood chips and mixed foreign matter) to become a thin layer and slide down on the guide plate 62. On the other hand, when the speed exceeds 1000 rpm, the durability of the sieving device 60 is lowered although the feeding speed of the product passing through the sieve (speed of sliding on the product guide plate 62) is no longer improved.

  On the other hand, when a rotation / reciprocation mechanism is provided, the sieving device 60 may be rotated / reciprocated at a radius of 20 to 100 mm and a rotation speed of 50 to 500 rpm, for example. If the radius is less than 20 mm or the rotational speed is less than 50 rpm, it takes time to spread the crushed material supplied from the material input port 65 to the sieve device 60 over a wide area on the sieve mesh, and thus the product guide plate It takes a long time for the product passing through the sieve dropped on 62 to become a thin layer and slide down on the guide plate 62. On the contrary, if the radius exceeds 100 mm or the rotational speed exceeds 500 rpm, it passes through the sieve. The durability of the sieving device 60 is reduced even though the product feed rate is no longer improved.

  The sieve device 60 of the present invention has a box-type structure as described above, but there is no limitation on the horizontal cross-sectional shape thereof, and it may be a rectangle as shown in FIG. It may be oval.

By the way, the present invention is characterized in that the weir 70 is provided on the product guide plate 62 in the sieve device 60 having the structure as described above. The sieve device 60 shown in FIG. 2 has a structure in which the bottom plate also serves as the product guide plate 62. In order to improve the sliding of the wood chip as a product, a stainless plate or a resin plate is provided separately from the bottom plate for the purpose of discharging the product. Is provided as a product guide plate 62, and the weir 70 is attached thereon.
In this case, the bottom plate is provided below the product guide plate 62, and the side plate 63 is the product guide plate 62 surface located above the bottom plate from the entire peripheral end surface of the bottom plate, and further the sieve mesh located above the plate. Over 61 surfaces up to the height of the cover plate 64 (however, when the discharge ports 66 and 66 'are provided in such a manner that the entire side surface of the lower part is opened, the side surface on which the discharge ports 66 and 66' are provided is a product. (Up to the guide plate 62 surface).

  Further, in the sieving device 60, the product guide plate 62 is 3 ° or more and 20 ° or less, preferably 3 ° with respect to the horizontal from the upper side (material input port 65 side) to the lower side (product discharge port 66 ′ side). It is preferable to provide with a downward slope of 15 ° or less in order to exert the effect of the weir 70 in the present invention. That is, when the inclination angle of the product guide plate 62 is less than 3 ° with respect to the horizontal from the upper side to the lower side, wood chips and foreign matters having a predetermined size or less that have passed through the sieve mesh are moved on the product guide plate 62 on the weir 70. It takes time to slide down to the portion, and it is difficult to form a layer up to the height of the weir 70 at the portion of the weir 70. Therefore, it becomes difficult to separate the wood chip and the foreign matter due to the difference in specific gravity at the portion of the weir 70. . On the contrary, when the inclination angle of the product guide plate 62 exceeds 15 ° from the upper side to the lower side, the sliding speed of the wood chip and foreign matter sliding down on the product guide plate 62 becomes too high, and the weir The separation of the wood chip and the foreign matter is deteriorated because the foreign matter can get over the weir 70 without securing the time for separating the wood chip and the foreign matter due to their own specific gravity difference. When the angle exceeds 20 °, the tendency becomes particularly strong.

  In the sieving apparatus of the present invention, the installation angle of the sieving mesh 61 is not particularly limited. However, in order to increase the sieving efficiency, the sieving mesh 61 is also from the upper side to the lower side like the product guide plate 62. It is preferable to provide a downward gradient of 3 ° to 20 °, preferably 3 ° to 15 ° with respect to the horizontal. If the inclination angle of the sieve mesh 61 is less than 3 ° with respect to the horizontal, it takes time to spread the crushed material supplied from the material input port 65 to the sieve device 60 over a wide area on the sieve mesh, resulting in poor sieve efficiency. On the contrary, when the angle exceeds 15 ° with respect to the horizontal, the feed rate of the crushed material supplied on the sieve mesh 61 to the lower part becomes too fast, and the wood chips and foreign matters having a predetermined size or less are guided to the product. Without falling sufficiently on the plate 62, it will slide down on the sieve screen 61, and as a result, the product recovery rate tends to deteriorate, and when it exceeds 20 °, the tendency becomes remarkable. .

  In the sieving device 60 that is entirely vibrated by the vibration mechanism, or rotated / reciprocated by the rotation / reciprocation mechanism, a crushed material such as wood introduced from the material input port 65 is provided inside. By sieving with a sieve mesh 61 having a predetermined mesh size, the above-described wood chips of a predetermined size or less and foreign matters of the same size pass through the sieve mesh and fall on the product guide plate 62 and slide down. During the stay of the weir 70 provided in the middle of the guide plate 62 in the form of a layer up to the height of the weir 70, the wood chip and the foreign matter are placed under the layer due to their own specific gravity difference. As a result of the chips moving above the layers, foreign matter stays and is captured by the weir 70, while most of the wood chips slide over the weir 70 and are discharged onto the transport machine 32 from the product discharge port 66 '. . Further, wood and foreign matters exceeding a predetermined size move downward on the sieve screen 61 and are discharged and transported from the discharge port 66 to the transport machine 34 side. The wood chip discharged onto the transport machine 32 is yarded as a product 8 by the transport machine 33 while the magnetic metal 92 remaining in the wood chip is removed by the magnetic separator 51 built in the tip pulley of the transport machine 32. Sent to. The magnetic metal 92 is combined with the magnetic metal 91 described above, and is piled up as a magnetic metal 90 in a yard different from the product yard.

  Here, the magnetic separator 50 is installed in order to reduce the load of the weir 70 provided in the sieving device 60, and the magnetic separator 51 assumes a case where there is a magnetic metal over the weir 70. Depending on the properties and quantity of the magnetic metal 90 mixed in the waste wood 1 to be received, it can be omitted.

  Further, as described above, wood and foreign matters exceeding a predetermined size screened by the sieving device 60 are again input to the crusher 4 and subjected to crushing. The above-described wind sorting means, means for removing magnetic metals such as iron using magnetic force, means for removing conductive non-magnetic metals using electromagnetic induction, specific gravity sorting means using wind force and vibration, etc. It is used to separate and remove foreign matters and to prevent only wood from being thrown into the crusher 4 again.

  On the other hand, a foreign material having a predetermined size or less dropped on the product guide plate 62 stays in the space formed by the product guide plate 62, the side plate 63, and the weir 70 in the sieving apparatus 60. It becomes possible to take out at the time of operation stop. As described above, this removal may be performed manually. However, an opening with a lid that can be easily opened, for example, on the side plate 63 surface and above the position where the left and right ends of the weir 70 are in contact with the side plate 63, etc. Workability is improved by providing an opening (opening / discharging port) 71 with an opening / closing mechanism. The opening 71 may be provided at one place, but if a plurality of openings 71 are provided, the workability is further improved.

The weir 70 may be provided vertically on the product guide plate 62 with respect to the guide plate 62. However, if the height is too low, the foreign matter to be trapped will get over the weir 70, and will not be used. If it is too high, the time interval for taking out the foreign matter becomes long, but the weight of the foreign matter acts to break the balance in vibrating or rotating / reciprocating the sieve device 60 main body.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the height of the weir 70 is represented by a maximum size wood chip that can be a product, and the three sides w when assuming a minimum size rectangular parallelepiped that can be accommodated therein, Among d and h, the minimum side h is defined as a reference height of the wood chip, and a height of 2 to 10 times, preferably 3 to 6 times is preferable. In addition, the maximum size of the wood chip is adopted as an index representing the height of the weir 70, in addition to the performance of the crusher 4, the wood determined by various factors such as the properties of the waste wood 1 to be received and the contamination rate of foreign matter. Representative representative of the thickness of the layer formed by the wood chips and foreign matter on the product guide plate 62 determined by the size, vibration, rotation, reciprocation, and other conditions of the sieve device 60 in addition to the chip production capacity This is because it is considered a numerical value. Here, the height of the weir 70 is changed within the above range in the width direction of the product guide plate 62, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is appropriately determined depending on how vibration is applied to the sieving device 60 and how rotation / reciprocation is applied. By changing the installation form as appropriate depending on the nature and amount of foreign matter mixed in the received waste wood 1, such as changing, it is possible to exert the effect of increasing the foreign matter capture efficiency.

In addition, the vertical distance between the sieve screen 61 and the product guide plate 62 in the sieve device 60 is larger than the height of the above-described weir 70 at least at the position where the left and right ends of the weir 70 are in contact with the side plate 63, and on the product guide plate 62. It goes without saying that the weir 70 needs to be able to be attached.
Further, the vertical distance between the sieve screen 61 and the cover plate 64 in the sieve device 60 is not particularly limited, and the crushed material supplied on the sieve mesh 61 from the material input port 65 spreads over the sieve mesh 61 over a wide range, and from above. The length of the screened product that moves downward may be long enough to overcome the side plate 63 and not fall out of the screen device 60. The amount of crushed material into the screen device 60, the amount of foreign matter mixed into the crushed material, It may be determined by comprehensively considering the type and properties of the material, the size of the foreign matter, the size of the sieving device 60, and the like.

  Further, the weir 70 is a product guide plate 62 through which all of the wood chips containing foreign matter introduced from the material input port 65 onto the sieve mesh 61, that is, crushed material, having a predetermined size or less pass through the sieve mesh. What is necessary is just to attach to the position which reaches this weir 70 after falling down, the input amount of the crushing material to the sieving apparatus 60, the amount of the foreign material mixed in the crushing material, the kind and property of the foreign material, the size of the foreign material, The angle may be determined in consideration of the installation angle of the mesh 61 and the product guide plate 62, the size and vibration of the sieve device 60, and the conditions of rotation / reciprocation.

  Furthermore, the weir 70 is held at an angle of 30 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to the direction in which the sieve chip on the product guide plate 62, that is, the wood chip having a predetermined size or less and the foreign material travels, and the left and right ends of the weir 70 are It is preferable to attach the product guide plate 62 to the full width direction so as to contact the side plate 63 of the sieving device 60 over the entire height direction. Thereby, since the cross-sectional area of the weir 70 with respect to the advancing direction of this sieve passing goods can be enlarged, the foreign matter capture | acquisition effect can be improved. When the weir 70 is attached to less than 30 ° with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve passing product, the end of the weir 70 on the side where the weir 70 and the side plate 63 come into contact with each other at an acute angle toward the traveling direction of the sieve passing product. In the vicinity, the projected area of the weir 70 with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve passing product becomes too small, and the momentum that the sieve passing product tends to move downward (product discharge port 66 ′ side) is increased. This is not preferable because the separation efficiency is deteriorated.

Further, as described above, in the sieving device 60, the opening 71 with the opening / closing mechanism is provided on the side plate 63 surface above the position where the left and right end portions of the weir 70 are in contact with the side plate 63, and foreign matter is removed from the opening 71. When taking out wood chips with a high content ratio out of the system, or if necessary, from a wood chip with a high content ratio containing foreign materials taken out from the opening 71, the foreign materials from the wood chips in the sieving device 60 as described above In the case where foreign matter is removed using another sorting means different from the sorting means and the wood chip is to be collected as a product, the weir 70 is at an angle of 45 to 75 ° with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve-passed product. When installed, when taking out the wood chip having a high ratio including foreign matter from the opening 71, foreign matter staying in a space formed by the product guide plate 62, the side plate 63 and the weir 70 is formed along the weir 70. Since come to slide down to the vicinity of 1, it is easy to take out the foreign matter from the opening 71 of the side plate 63.
Of course, in this case, the opening 71 with the opening / closing mechanism is the surface of the side plate 63 on which the weir 70 and the side plate 63 come into contact with each other at an acute angle toward the traveling direction of the sieve-passing product, and the end portion of the weir 70 is Needless to say, it must be provided above the position in contact with the side plate 63.

  Moreover, if the height of the weir 70 is divided into several stages and the height is changed, it is possible to change the position of the weir to be captured for each type and size of the mixed foreign matter, and the weir 70 is taken out from the sieve device 60. An effect of facilitating sorting of foreign matters can be provided. In this case, the interval between the weirs 70 divided into several stages may be determined appropriately in consideration of the type and properties of waste wood and foreign matter, the amount of foreign matter mixed in, the size of the sieving device 60, the height of the weir in each step, and the like. Good.

  Furthermore, when used as fuel for a fluidized bed boiler as an application of wood chips of a product, since it is possible to allow fine-grained sand to be mixed into the product, the gap between the weir 70 and the product guide plate 62 is 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. If the gap is provided so that the sand can be collected on the product side, an effect of reducing the load of removing foreign matter from, for example, the opening 71 with the opening / closing mechanism of the side plate 63 at the time of the operation stop is generated. When the gap between the weir 70 and the product guide plate 62 is smaller than 1 mm, the sand that has moved below the layer formed up to the height of the weir 70 in the portion of the weir 70 is difficult to pass through the gap, Sand collection is insufficient, and therefore the effect of reducing the load of removing foreign substances is not sufficient. On the other hand, when the gap between the weir 70 and the product guide plate 62 exceeds 5 mm, foreign matters other than sand also pass through the gap, and the efficiency of separating the wood chips and foreign matters of the product is deteriorated.

Next, based on FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the wood chip mixed foreign matter removing device used in the method for removing wood chip mixed foreign matter of the present invention, that is, the sieve device 60 will be described.
The sieving device 60 of the present invention is incorporated in a wood chip manufacturing process, and waste wood chips mixed with foreign matters crushed by the crusher 4 in the previous process are vibrated by a vibration mechanism or rotated / reciprocated by a reciprocating mechanism. Screening is performed by a sieve screen 61 that is rotating and reciprocating, falls on the product guide plate 62 after passing through the screen mesh, and wood chips and foreign matters of a predetermined size or less that slide on the guide plate 62 are passed through the guide plate. 62. A part of the weir 70 provided in the middle is temporarily retained so as to form a layer up to the height of the weir 70, and during that time, a foreign object that moves below the layer due to its own specific gravity difference and a wood chip that moves above the layer As a result, the foreign matter is captured by the weir 70 and taken out from the opening 71 with an opening / closing mechanism provided on the surface of the side plate 63 when the operation is stopped, and further over the product guide plate 62 over the weir 70. Wood chips that fall are discharged from the product discharge port 66 ′ and collected as a product. On the other hand, wood and foreign matters that are insufficiently crushed to exceed a predetermined size are moved downward on the sieve screen 61 and discharged from the discharge port 66. In this case, the material is again put into the crusher 4 in the previous process and crushed.

  Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the sieving device 60 of the present invention, as described above, is provided under the sieving mesh 61 over the entire surface of the sieving mesh 61 provided inside and the surface of the sieving mesh 61. The product guide plate 62 for discharging the sieve-passed product has a downward slope from the top to the bottom with an angle of 3 ° to 20 ° with respect to the horizontal. The wood chips containing foreign matter are put on the sieve mesh from above, and the sieved product and the sieve passing product are discharged from below. More preferably, in the upper part, in the upper part of the sieve screen 61, in the width direction of the sieve screen 61 perpendicular to the traveling direction of the product on the sieve and the product passing through the screen, the entire area of the screen screen 61 is covered. A cover plate 64 is provided so as to cover at least a part of the surface of the sieve screen 61 from above in the traveling direction of the refined product and the sieve passing product, and the cover plate 64 surface is provided at a position near the end of the sieve device 60. A material input port 65 for supplying wood chips containing foreign matters is provided on the sieve screen 61, and on the lower part, a sieve product and a product guide plate that have moved from above to below the sieve screen 61. Discharge ports 66 and 66 ′ for discharging the sieve-passing products that have moved from the upper side to the lower side on the upper side 62 are provided, and further on the side surface of the guide plate 62 from the entire peripheral end surface of the product guide plate 62. The screen 61 located on the top By being extended to further height of the cover plate 64 Ete, it is of box-type structure side plates 63 for supporting and fixing the cover plate 64 is provided.

On the product guide plate 62, a gap of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less is provided with the product guide plate 62 so as to be in contact with the product guide plate 62 in the middle of the product guide plate 62. The weir 70 having a height of 2 to 10 times the height is perpendicular to the product guide plate 62 and at an angle of 30 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve passing product, The product guide plate 62 is attached to the width direction of the product guide plate 62 so that both left and right end portions thereof are in contact with the side plate 63 of the sieve device 60 over the entire height direction, and the weir 70 and the side plate 63 are arranged in the traveling direction of the sieve passing product. An opening / closing mechanism such as an opening with a lid that can be easily opened, for example, on the surface of the side plate 63 on the side that comes into contact with an acute angle toward the upper side of the position where the end of the weir 70 contacts the side plate 63 With opening 71 Is provided.
Further, the sieving device 60 is provided with a mechanism that vibrates, rotates, or reciprocates the entire device. The crushing machine 4 in the previous process crushes the screen 61 that is vibrated, rotated, or reciprocated by this mechanism. The crushed material is introduced from the material input port 65, and the efficiency of sieving of wood chips and foreign matters is increased.

  The details of the structure of the weir 70, the opening 71 with the opening / closing mechanism, the mechanism for vibrating or rotating / reciprocating in the sieve device 60 of the present invention are as described above.

  Further, the sieving device 60 is not particularly troublesome even if it is produced exclusively for the implementation of the present invention, or it is a modified version of a commercially available product.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

[Example 1]
In the wood chip manufacturing plant of the process flow shown in FIG. 1 with a wood chip manufacturing facility capacity of 15 t / hr, a sieve device 60 that rotates horizontally at a radius of 50 mm and a rotational speed of 150 rpm was used. This sieving device 60 has a structure as shown in FIG. 2, and a product guide plate 62 having a width of 2 m and a length of 3.6 m (area 7.2 m ² ) is also used as a main body bottom plate, and is inclined with respect to the horizontal. The angle α is 7.5 ° so that the product is inclined downward toward the product discharge port 66 ′. A 60 mφ perforated plate was attached as the sieve screen 61, and the height of the maximum size wood chip (the standard height of the wood chip) was about 15 mm.
The product guide plate 62 has a full width with an angle β of 60 ° with respect to the product flow direction (traveling direction) at a position 1.1 m from the upper side on the product guide plate 62 of the sieving device 60. A weir 70 having a height of 50 mm was provided. Therefore, the height of the weir 70 is about 3.3 times the reference height of the wood chip.

In view of this, in the above-mentioned wood chip manufacturing plant, the wood chip was manufactured by crushing the actual waste wood generated in the construction industry at almost the rated capacity for the operating time shown in Table 1. And after a plant stop, the thing caught by the weir 70 of the sieving device 60 is collect | recovered and classified, and the result measured, respectively is shown in Table 1.
In Table 1, the total amount of crushed wood that was crushed during the operation time shown in Table 1 at approximately the rated capacity (15 t / hr) is shown as an estimated value.

[Example 2]
Since it is difficult to adjust the properties and amount of foreign materials in the receiving lot (form of generation) of waste wood, it was decided to compare the effects of water wetting due to rainfall.
Therefore, in the same wood chip manufacturing plant as in Example 1 in which the same sieve device 60 as in Example 1 is incorporated in the manufacturing process, the actual waste wood generated in the construction industry at the time of rainfall is shown in Table 1 with almost the rated capacity. The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the wood chip was produced by crushing the operation time shown in FIG. Table 1 shows the results of collecting, classifying, and weighing the objects captured by the weir 70.

[Example 3]
It was decided to compare the effect of changing the height and number of weirs 70 installed.
That is, in the same wood chip manufacturing plant as in Example 1, the product flow direction (traveling direction) is moved to two locations on the product guide plate 62, 1.1 m from the upper side and 2.7 m from the upper side. The sieving device 60 was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weir 70 having a height of 75 mm was provided to the full width of the product guide plate 62 with an angle β of 60 °. Accordingly, the height of the weir 70 in the sieving device 60 is about five times the reference height of the wood chip.

  Therefore, in a fine weather, wood chips were manufactured by crushing the actual waste wood generated in the construction industry in the above-described wood chip manufacturing plant in the operation time shown in Table 1 with almost the rated capacity in the same manner as in Example 1. And after a plant stop, the thing caught by the weir 70 of the sieving device 60 is collect | recovered and classified, and the result measured, respectively is shown in Table 1.

Although data variation due to the generation form of waste wood is assumed, when Example 1 and Example 2 are compared, the waste wood used as a raw material at the time of rain becomes wet and heavy, and is captured by the weir 70. Although the amount is increased, foreign objects such as metals and minerals are trapped to almost the same extent, and there is little influence of rainfall, which is stable according to the method for removing foreign materials mixed in with wood chips using the foreign material removing apparatus of the present invention. It can be said that the typical performance comes out.
Moreover, when Example 1 and Example 3 are compared, the quantity of foreign materials, such as a metal and a mineral caught by the weir 70, will increase by increasing the installation number of the weirs 70 and raising the height of the weir 70. I can confirm that.
In addition, when the weir 70 is not provided in the sieving device 60, it can be easily estimated that all the foreign matter collected by the weirs of the first to third embodiments is mixed into the product side.

  According to the present invention, in a wood chip manufacturing plant from waste wood, foreign substances such as metals, minerals and concrete pieces can be prevented from being mixed into the wood chip by the sieve device incorporated in the process, and the next process Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of breakage due to the inclusion of foreign matter in a transport machine or a pulverizer or a plant operation accident that occurs when using wood chips. Therefore, the wood chip can be stably and economically manufactured even in the wood chip manufacturing plant having the facility capacity corresponding to the mass production of the wood chip exceeding 10 t / hr.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart schematically showing a flow of a wood chip manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a sieving device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a reference height h of the maximum size wood chip according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Waste wood (raw wood)
Double machine 30 Transport machine 31 Transport machine 32 Transport machine 34 Transport machine 4 Crusher 50 Magnetic separator 51 Magnetic separator 60 Sieve device 61 Sieve net 62 Product guide plate 63 Side plate 64 Cover plate 65 Material input port 66 Upper product outlet 66 '' Product outlet 70 Weir 71 Opening with opening / closing mechanism (foreign matter outlet)
8 products (wood chips)
90 Magnetic metal 91 Magnetic metal 92 Magnetic metal

Claims (11)

Incorporated into the wood chip manufacturing process, a sieve screen and a product guide plate for discharging the sieve-passed product under the screen over the entire surface of the screen are provided. Using a sieving device having an angle of not less than 20 ° and not more than 20 ° and downwardly descending from above, wood chips containing foreign substances are introduced from above the sieving device, and a sieved product and a sieve passing product are provided from below. A method for removing foreign matter mixed with wood chips,
A weir having a height of 2 to 10 times the reference height of the wood chip is provided on the product guide plate, and foreign matter mixed in the wood chip is retained and captured .
The reference height of the wood chip is the minimum side h among the three sides w, d, and h when assuming a minimum size rectangular parallelepiped that can accommodate the maximum size wood chip that can be a product.
A method for removing the foreign matter, characterized by comprising:   In the upper part of the sieving device, a lid plate is provided so as to cover at least a part of the sieving mesh surface at the upper part of the sieving mesh, and wood chips containing foreign matters are put on the sieving mesh surface on the lid plate surface. While the material inlet is provided, the lower part discharges the sieved product that has moved from above to below the sieve mesh and the product that has passed through the sieve that has moved from above to below the product guide plate. And a side plate extending beyond the end face of the product guide plate beyond the screen screen located above the guide plate to the height of the lid plate is provided on the side surface excluding the discharge port. The foreign matter removing method according to claim 1, wherein the foreign matter is removed.   The width of the product guide plate is such that the weir for capturing the foreign matter has an angle of 30 ° to 90 ° with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve passing product so that the left and right ends of the weir are in contact with the side plate of the sieve device. The foreign matter removing method according to claim 1, wherein at least one place is provided in a full direction.   The gap of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less is provided between the weir for capturing a foreign object and the product guide plate, and sand mixed into the wood chip is collected as a product together with the wood chip. A foreign matter removing method according to any one of the above.   At least one opening with an opening / closing mechanism for taking out wood chips containing foreign matter on the side of the sieve device on the upper side of the position where the left and right ends of the weir for removing foreign matter contact the side plate is provided The method for removing foreign matter according to claim 1, wherein the foreign matter is removed.   6. The wood chip is recovered as a product by removing the foreign material from the wood chip containing the foreign material taken out from the opening with the opening / closing mechanism provided on the side plate of the sieving apparatus using another sorting means. To remove foreign matter. Incorporated into the wood chip manufacturing process, a sieve screen and a product guide plate for discharging the sieve-passing product under the screen over the entire surface of the screen are provided. A downward slope is formed from the upper side to the lower side with an angle of not less than 20 ° and not more than 20 °, and wood chips containing foreign matters are introduced onto the sieve mesh from above, and the sieved product and the sieve passing product are discharged from below. An apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed in wood chips, comprising:
A weir having a height of 2 to 10 times the reference height of the wood chip is provided on the product guide plate ,
The reference height of the wood chip is the minimum side h among the three sides w, d, and h when assuming a minimum size rectangular parallelepiped that can accommodate the maximum size wood chip that can be a product.
A device for removing foreign matter mixed in with wood chips.   In the upper part, a cover plate is provided so as to cover at least a part of the screen surface in the upper part of the screen mesh, and material input for supplying wood chips containing foreign substances on the screen screen is provided on the cover plate surface. While the mouth is provided, the lower part is a discharge for discharging the sieved product that has moved from the upper side to the lower side on the sieve mesh and the product that has passed the sieve from the upper side to the lower side on the product guide plate. An outlet is provided, and a side plate excluding the discharge port is provided with a side plate extending from the end face of the product guide plate to the height of the lid plate beyond the screen surface located above the guide plate. The apparatus for removing foreign matter contained in wood chips according to claim 7.   The weir for capturing foreign matter has an angle of 30 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to the traveling direction of the sieve-passing product so that the left and right ends of the weir are in contact with the side plate, and the product guide plate is filled in the width direction. 9. The apparatus for removing foreign matter contained in wood chips according to claim 7, wherein at least one place is provided.   The wood chip mixed foreign matter removing apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a gap of 1 mm to 5 mm is provided between the weir for capturing the foreign matter and the product guide plate.   At least one opening with an opening / closing mechanism for taking out the wood chip containing foreign matter is provided on the apparatus side plate surface above the position where the left and right ends of the weir for removing foreign matter contact the side plate. The apparatus for removing foreign matter mixed in wood chips according to any one of claims 7 to 10.

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