JP4358358B2 - Evacuation structure for building fires - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to an evacuation structure in the event of a fire in a building, and more particularly to an evacuation structure for a fire in a building having an escalator so that the escalator can be used as an evacuation route in the event of a fire. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In preparation for disasters such as fires, buildings must be provided with evacuation routes that can be protected by fire.
In many buildings of a store, a supermarket, or a department store having a plurality of floors, in many cases, a staircase is configured so as to be capable of fire protection, and this staircase is used as an evacuation route.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if only the staircase of the building is used as an evacuation route as described above, evacuation is easy and quick for those who use wheelchairs, such as elderly people or disabled people who have difficulty walking. I can't.
On the other hand, in a building such as a store having a plurality of floors, a supermarket, or a department store, an escalator is provided in addition to an elevator as a transportation means in the height direction.
[0004]
Therefore, it is conceivable to use this escalator as an evacuation route in the event of a fire. However, the current escalator is not constructed so that it can be used as an evacuation route, and the escalator is actively stopped so that it cannot be used in the event of a fire.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to use an escalator as an evacuation route in the event of a fire, and a wheelchair even if a fire occurs on any floor of a building An object of the present invention is to provide a fire evacuation structure for a building that can safely guide and evacuate evacuees such as users to an evacuation route.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in a building having an escalator connecting each floor, the escalator has an up escalator and a down escalator arranged in an X shape when viewed from the side. An escalator fire partition wall is provided around the ascending and descending escalators for fire protection between the floor and the ceiling of each floor, and the escalator fire partition wall extends along the ascending and descending escalators. An evacuation route is configured , and the fire barrier partition for the escalator extends in parallel with a pair of long sides extending in parallel with the transport direction of the escalator and a direction orthogonal to the transport direction when viewed in plan. The fireproof partition wall for an escalator, which is located on four sides of a rectangle having a pair of existing short sides and located on the pair of short sides of the rectangle Min, the formed of a storable smoke-fire shutter the ceiling of the floor, the floor bed of the escape routes by firestop at the escalator fire protection partition wall and the floor for fire partition wall a plurality of firestop region is formed around the floor floor fire partition wall extends in a direction away from each other from the point of the escalator for fire partition wall positioned in a pair of long sides of the rectangle, said floor A pair of first floor fire walls that can be stored in the ceiling portion of the escalator, and the escalator fire partition walls located on the short sides of the pair of rectangles extending in directions away from each other, the floor A pair of fire walls for the second floor that can be stored in the ceiling portion of the escalator, in the vicinity of the escalator entrance and exit at the location of the escalator fire partition wall in contact with each fire compartment area Opening and closing that can enter and exit Ability of the fire door is provided, wheelchair users in landings opposite to the entrance of the escalator in the evacuation path, characterized in that the standby space is provided for temporarily waits.
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fire evacuation structure for a building according to the first aspect , by sending air into the evacuation route, the pressure in the evacuation route is made higher than the atmospheric pressure outside the evacuation route. It is characterized by providing pressurized smoke prevention means.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the fire escape structure for a building according to the first or second aspect , a fire detector is provided in a machine room formed under the floor of the entrance / exit of the escalator.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire escape evacuation structure for a building according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a fire is generated in the machine room formed under the floor of the entrance of the escalator. A fire extinguisher that operates automatically when a fire occurs is provided.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fire escape structure for a building according to the fourth aspect, a fire extinguishing agent injection tube having a desired length that can be broken at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 110 ° C. is provided at the fire extinguishing agent outlet of the fire extinguisher. It is connected, The said extinguishing agent injection tube is arrange | positioned in the location where a fire may generate | occur | produce, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0008]
In the present invention, each floor is firestop into a plurality of firestop area around the evacuation route, evacuation through the openable separate fire door in which each of the respective fire compartment area can go in and out the evacuation route Because it is configured to be able to communicate with the route independently, even if a fire occurs in any of the fire prevention area, other fire prevention area and evacuation route other than the fire prevention area where this fire occurred As a result, the escalator can be used as an evacuation route in the event of a fire, and wheelchair users and other refugees can be used regardless of the location of the building floor. to escape routes from separate doors it is possible to safely induce evacuated, because the waiting space is provided at a location positioned at a landing of the escalator in the escape route, the fire rating region Without having to Zhang, a multiple of the wheelchair user to try to escape by using the escalator can be safely housed in the waiting space, it is possible to waiting at the time of evacuation.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a first embodiment of a building fire escape structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an evacuation route of a building to which the fire evacuation structure of the present invention is applied and a fire prevention area of a floor, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing details of an evacuation route including an escalator, and FIG. It is the schematic which shows the evacuation route containing an escalator in three dimensions.
[0010]
1 to 3 show an application of the fire evacuation structure of the present invention to a second-floor building. Between the first floor 12 and the second floor 14 of the building, The escalator 16 and the descending escalator 18 are juxtaposed in a passing state with the inclination directions opposite to each other. That is, as is apparent from FIG. 3 , the ascending escalator 16 and the descending escalator 18 are arranged in an X shape when viewed from the side. Moreover, each escalator 16 and 18 is provided with the entrance / exit 16A and the entrance / exit 18A each matched with each floor surface of the floor 12 of the 1st floor, and the floor 14 of the 2nd floor.
And the area | region containing these escalators 16 and 18 and its entrance / exit 16A, 18A becomes a structure which can build the evacuation path | route 26 which can be fire-proofed by the fireproof partition wall 20 for escalators, the fireproof door 22, and the smoke-proof / fireproof shutter 24. ing.
[0011]
The fireproof partition wall 20 for escalator is made of a transparent fireproof glass plate or the like so that an escalator user can look around, and the transparent fireproof partition wall 20 is provided between floors as shown in FIGS. At the locations corresponding to the left and right sides of the escalators 16 and 18 arranged, they are passed between the floor 122 and the ceiling 124 of the first floor 12 and between the floor 142 and the ceiling 144 of the second floor 14 respectively. Further, these transparent fireproof partition walls 20 have a structure extending in the longitudinal direction of the escalator so that a predetermined area of the landings 12A and 14A facing the escalator entrances 16A and 18A can be fireproofed from the left and right directions. It has become.
The smoke / fire prevention shutter 24 is provided so as to connect both ends of the left and right transparent fire-proof partition walls 20 facing the landings 12A and 14A, and is normally raised to the ceiling side so that the landing 12A, 14A is opened so that passengers can enter and exit, and when a fire breaks out, it is lowered and connected between both ends of the left and right transparent fireproof partition walls 20 so as to be closed in a fireproof state.
More specifically, the escalator fire-proof partition wall 20 is parallel to a pair of long sides extending in parallel to the transport direction of the escalators 16 and 18 and a direction orthogonal to the transport direction when viewed in plan. Is located on the four sides of a rectangle with a pair of short sides, and the escalator fire barrier part located on the pair of short sides of the rectangle can be stored in the ceiling of the floor. Consists of smoke and fire shutters.
[0012]
Further, each floor, for example, the second floor 14, extends in a radial direction from the escalator fire partition wall 20 and the escalator fire partition wall 20 around the evacuation route 26, as shown in FIG. 1. A plurality of fire prevention compartments 30 are formed by the floor fire prevention walls 28, and a plurality of fire prevention compartment regions 30 are formed so as to surround the evacuation route 26. The floor fire wall 28 is composed of a fire shutter, and is normally raised and stored in the ceiling of the floor, and lowered in the event of a fire, and is divided into a plurality of fire compartment areas 30. It is like that.
More specifically, as is clear from FIG. 2, the floor fire-proof partition wall 28 extends in a direction away from each other from the location of the escalator fire-proof partition wall 20 located on the pair of long sides of the rectangle. A pair of first floor fire walls 28 that can be stored in the ceiling of the floor and the escalator fire partition walls 20 located on the short sides of the pair of rectangles extend in directions away from each other. It has a pair of fire walls 28 for the second floor that can be stored in the ceiling of the floor.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 2, there is a connection port with the evacuation route 26 at the location of the fire escape partition wall 20 for the escalator where the fire protection compartment regions 30 are in contact with each other. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each opening 22A has a fire door 22 that can be opened and closed from each fire compartment area 30 to the evacuation route 26 for each floor. Each is provided. The fire door 22 is composed of a transparent fireproof glass plate or the like so that the escalator user can look around.
The landings 12A and 14A are provided with a waiting space 32 where a wheelchair user temporarily stands by.
By providing this standby space 32, a plurality of wheelchair users who are going to evacuate using the escalators 16 and 18 can be safely accommodated in the landings 12A and 14A, and the order of evacuation can be waited.
Moreover, the said escalators 16 and 18 are provided with the step which a wheelchair user can get in with a wheelchair. For this step, for example, a known structure shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-14278 is used.
[0014]
In the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, when a fire occurs in any part of the floor, the fire shutter 28 that is the fire wall for the floor is automatically or manually lowered. Then, the floor including the fire occurrence point is divided into a plurality of fire prevention compartment regions 30. At the same time, the smoke / fire shutters 24 of the evacuation route 26 are lowered. When each smoke / fire shutter 24 is lowered, the escalator installation area including the landings 12 </ b> A and 14 </ b> A is divided by the fire prevention partition wall 20 for the escalator, the smoke / fire shutter 24 and the fire door 22, and the evacuation route 26 is formed. Composed. At this time, the escalators 16 and 18 are driven in the evacuation direction.
In this state, a person who is in each fire prevention area 30 opens the fire door 22 provided at the communication port 22 </ b> A to the evacuation route 26 and enters and exits the evacuation route 26. In the evacuation route 26, the escalators 16 and 18 are used to evacuate to the evacuation floor or evacuation site.
[0015]
In addition, when a wheelchair user uses the escalators 16 and 18, the step at a predetermined position of the escalators 16 and 18 is set to a step where each wheelchair can get in, and when this step is automatically stopped at the entrance / exit, A wheelchair user gets on the step, restarts the escalator and moves to the evacuation floor. And if a wheelchair user reaches the entrance / exit of an evacuation floor, an escalator will stop automatically and the safety of getting on / off of a wheelchair user will be ensured.
[0016]
According to the first embodiment as described above, the escalators 16 and 18 are fire-proofed by the escalator fire-proof partition wall 20, the smoke / fire-proof shutter 24 and the fire door 22 to form the evacuation route 26, and the evacuation route The fire floor is divided into a plurality of fire compartment areas 30 centering on 26, and each fire compartment area 30 can be independently connected to the evacuation route 26 via a separate fire door 22, Even if a fire occurs in any of the fire prevention area 30, the other fire prevention area and the evacuation route other than the fire prevention area where the fire has occurred can be completely fire-proofed from the place where the fire occurred. As a result, the escalator can be used as an evacuation route in the event of a fire, and even if a fire breaks out on any floor of a building, evacuators such as wheelchair users can be safely guided to the evacuation route 30 Can be made.
[0017]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a configuration explanatory view of the main part of a fire escape structure having a pressurized smoke prevention mechanism that prevents a flame or smoke from entering the escape route by placing the fire escape compartment in a pressurized state. is there.
In FIG. 4, 16 is an escalator that is inclined between floors, and 20 is vertically extended between the floor 142 and the ceiling 144 of the floor 14 where the entrance 16A of the escalator 16 faces. 3 is a transparent fireproof partition wall for an escalator, and 24 is a smoke / fire shutter. By dividing the fire with the smoke / fire shutter 24, the fire partition wall 20 for escalator, etc., FIG. An evacuation route 26 similar to that shown is formed.
[0018]
Then, inside the ceiling 144 facing the evacuation route 26, there is a pressurized smoke-proof device 34 that raises the pressure in the evacuation route 26 to be higher than the atmospheric pressure outside the evacuation route 26 by sending air into the evacuation route 26. is set up.
The pressurized smoke-proof device 34 includes a blower 342 and a blower duct 344 that connects between the blower 342 and the air outlet 146 formed in the ceiling 144 facing the escape route 26.
[0019]
In the fire evacuation structure having the above-described configuration, when a fire occurs on one of the floors and is detected by the fire or smoke detector, the blower 342 is activated based on this detection signal, and the blower 342 Air is supplied from the air outlet 145 through the air duct 344 into the evacuation path 26 that is fire-proofed by the smoke / fire-proof shutter 24, the escalator fire-proof partition wall 20, and the like. Then, by making the pressure in the evacuation route 26 higher than the atmospheric pressure outside the evacuation route 26, flames and smoke are prevented from entering the evacuation route 26.
[0020]
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, since it is possible to prevent the flame and smoke from the fire occurrence point from entering the evacuation route 26, an escalator such as a wheelchair user can be used by an escalator. And can be evacuated safely.
[0021]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 is a configuration explanatory diagram of a main part capable of detecting the occurrence of a fire of an escalator in the fire escape structure of the present invention.
In FIG. 5, a machine room 36 is formed under the floor of the landing 14A corresponding to the entrance 16A of the escalator 16, and a drive motor 38 for driving the escalator 16 and the drive motor 38 are provided in the machine room 36. A control panel 40 to be controlled is installed.
In the machine room 36, a fire detector 42 for detecting a fire caused by overheating of the drive motor 38 and the control panel 40 is installed. A detection signal detected by the fire detector 42 can be transmitted to a disaster prevention center or the like in a building through a signal line 43.
[0022]
According to the third embodiment of the present invention as described above, it is possible to know the occurrence of a fire in the machine room of the escalator, and by urgently stopping the escalator, for example, passengers evacuating using the escalator Safety can be ensured.
[0023]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a configuration explanatory view of a main part capable of extinguishing a fire of an escalator in the fire escape structure of the present invention.
In FIG. 6, a machine room 36 is formed under the floor of the landing 14 </ b> A corresponding to the entrance / exit 16 </ b> A of the escalator 16, and a fire extinguisher 44 is installed in the machine room 36.
Further, a fire extinguisher jet tube 46 having a desired length that can be broken at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 110 ° C. is connected to the fire extinguisher jet outlet 442 of the fire extinguisher 44. The fire extinguisher jet tube 46 may cause a fire. It is configured to be arranged near a certain location, such as an escalator drive motor or a control panel.
[0024]
In the escalator having a fire escape structure configured as described above, when a fire occurs in the machine room 36, the fire extinguishing agent injection tube 46 is broken by the heat, and the fire extinguishing agent is ejected. Can automatically extinguish fires.
Therefore, according to the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, the safety | security with respect to the fire of the escalator used as an evacuation route is securable.
[0025]
In the present invention, wiring to various power supply units such as an escalator drive motor and a control panel installed in the machine room 36 is constituted by a fireproof cable.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention as described above, each floor is firestop into a plurality of firestop area around the evacuation routes, openable separate fire each of the firestop region can go in and out the evacuation route Because it is configured to be able to communicate with the evacuation route independently through the door, even if a fire occurs in any of the fire prevention region, other fire prevention region and evacuation route other than the fire prevention region where this fire occurred Can be completely fire-proofed from the location of the fire, and as a result, the escalator can be used as an evacuation route in the event of a fire, and a wheelchair user can use any location on the floor of a building. it is possible to safely induce evacuated to evacuation routes from separate fire door refugees etc., for waiting space is provided at a location positioned at a landing of the escalator in the escape routes, fire Without having to extend the field area, a multiple of the wheelchair user to try to escape by using the escalator can be safely housed in the waiting space, it is possible to waiting at the time of evacuation.
[0027]
In addition, according to the present invention, by adding pressurized smoke prevention means to the evacuation route, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of flames and smoke from the location of the fire, and evacuate evacuees such as wheelchair users. It can be used to evacuate safely.
In addition, according to the present invention, by providing a fire detector in the escalator machine room, it is possible to report the occurrence of a fire in the escalator machine room to a disaster prevention center, etc., and to install a fire extinguisher in the escalator machine room This has the effect of automatically extinguishing the machine room when a fire occurs.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an evacuation route of a building to which a fire evacuation structure according to the present invention is applied and a fire prevention area of a floor.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing details of an evacuation route including an escalator in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram three-dimensionally showing an evacuation route including an escalator in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration explanatory view of a main part of a fire escape structure equipped with a pressurized smoke prevention mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a configuration explanatory diagram of a main part in a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a configuration explanatory diagram of a main part in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
12, 14 Floors 16, 18 Escalators 16A, 18A Entrance 20 Fire barrier for escalator 22 Fire door 24 Smoke / fire shutter 26 Escape route 28 Floor fire wall 30 Fire compartment area 34 Pressurized smoke prevention device 36 Machine Chamber 42 Fire detector 44 Fire extinguisher

Claims (5)

In buildings with escalators that connect between floors,
The escalator has an escalator for ascending and an escalator for descending arranged in an X shape when viewed from the side,
A fire barrier for escalators is provided that divides fire between the floor and ceiling of each floor around the escalator for upward and downward escalators,
The evacuation path along the ascending and descending for escalator is constituted by the escalator fire protection partition wall,
The fireproof partition wall for the escalator has a pair of long sides extending in parallel to the conveying direction of the escalator and a pair of short sides extending in parallel to the direction orthogonal to the conveying direction when viewed in plan Is located on four sides of a rectangle with
The fireproof partition wall portion for the escalator located on the pair of short sides of the rectangle is composed of a smoke / fireproof shutter that can be stored in the ceiling of the floor,
Wherein each floor includes a plurality of firestop area around the evacuation route by firestop at the escalator fire protection partition wall and the floor for fire partition wall is formed,
The floor fire-proof partition walls extend in a direction away from the escalator fire-proof partition walls located on the pair of long sides of the rectangular shape, and can be stored in a ceiling portion of the floor. A pair of second fire walls extending in a direction away from the corners of the fire barrier partition for floors and the fire barrier partition wall for escalators located on a pair of short sides of the rectangle and capable of being stored in the ceiling part of the floor A floor fire barrier,
An openable and closable fire door that can enter and exit in the evacuation route is provided at a location near the entrance / exit of the escalator at the location of the fire escape partition wall for the escalator that each fire protection compartment area is in contact with ,
A waiting space where a wheelchair user temporarily stands by is provided at a landing facing the entrance of the escalator in the evacuation route ,
Evacuation structure for building fires characterized by this.   2. The fire of a building according to claim 1, further comprising a pressurized smoke-proofing means for making air pressure in the evacuation route higher than air pressure outside the evacuation route by sending air into the evacuation route. Temporary evacuation structure.   The fire evacuation structure for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fire detector is provided in a machine room formed under the floor of the entrance / exit of the escalator.   4. The fire extinguisher that automatically operates when a fire occurs in the machine room is provided in the machine room formed under the floor of the entrance / exit of the escalator. 5. Evacuation structure for fire of the listed building.   A fire extinguisher spray tube having a desired length that can be broken at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 110 ° C. is connected to the fire extinguisher jet outlet of the fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguisher spray tube is disposed at a place where a fire may occur. The evacuation structure for a fire of a building according to claim 4, wherein:

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